KR19980046788A - Manufacturing method of nonwoven artificial leather - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention maintains the components of the highly flexible polyethylene corresponding to the dispersion medium component at a weight ratio of 50% or less compared to the polyamide or polyester component corresponding to the dispersion component in the production of ultrafine yarns using a mixed spinning method, and at the same time manufacturing short fibers. In this process, the draw ratio is adjusted to 3.5 to 4.5 times higher so that the tensile strength of the mixed spun fiber is 4g / d or more and the elongation is 60%. By increasing the density and narrowing the felt through the narrowing of the felt, it is possible to manufacture suede-type nonwoven artificial leather for medical and fashion accessories with high-quality appearance.

Description

Manufacturing method of nonwoven artificial leather

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing nonwoven artificial leather, and more particularly, in the manufacture of nonwoven felt for artificial leather by needle-punching microfiber, to enhance the binding between the staples as much as possible and to precisely tighten the tissue through the width of the felt The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a suede-type nonwoven artificial leather for medical and fashion accessories having a high appearance by increasing the density and making the surface of the hair uniform.

Artificial leather is a material that is mainly impregnated and coated with polyurethane resin by using non-woven fabric as a material, and its structure, functionality, and flexibility are similar to those of natural leather, but rather poor launder resistance, instability, antibacterial, deodorization resistance, and color fastness. It has an excellent merit to compensate for the shortcomings of natural leather such as deterioration.

In general, artificial leather is carded and cross-wrapped a special composite fiber that can be micronized, and then needle punched to create a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven fabric. It is made by preparing water.

Such artificial leather is roughly divided into suede-type artificial leather and silver-type artificial leather. Suede-type artificial leather buffs the leather-like sheet, bubbles the surface layer, and dyes and post-processes to form a wool layer on the surface. It is manufactured and is mainly used for clothes and sundries. On the other hand, silver artificial leather is manufactured by forming a two-layer structure by wet or dry coating a polyurethane solution on a leather-like sheet and then embossing or laminating a polyurethane film made on a release paper with a pattern. Mainly used for seat cover, etc.

Referring to the microfiber which is an important material for the production of artificial leather, in the case of the conventional mixed spinning microfiber, the polyamide or polyester component, which is a structurally dispersed component, does not exist in the filament state, but is very much in the microfiber bundle. Since it exists in the form of short short fibers, the tensile strength tends to be relatively high while the elongation is relatively high. The physical properties of mixed spinning microfibers depend on various factors, which are determined by the composition ratio of the dispersible component and the dispersion medium component, the strength of the dispersion component according to the stretching state, and the like. In manufacturing the nonwoven fabric by needle punching method using these mixed spun microfiber yarns, the contraction between short fibers should be secured at the same time as the shrinkage, but due to the low tensile strength and high elongation of the mixed spun fiber as described above, the fibers are nonwoven fabrics. By not shrinking the felt and cutting or simply stretching the fiber, the hair growth condition, which greatly affects the quality of the suede type nonwoven fabric, is not dense, and it has a non-uniform appearance, thereby making non-woven artificial leather for high-quality medical and fashion goods. There was a limit to the preparation.

In Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 55-36373 and 56-58071, in order to solve the problems described above, after heating the nonwoven felt to 110-200 ° C by hot air, a heating roller of 80-90 ° C and a cold roller of 30 ° C are sequentially applied. Although the process of compressing the felt is disclosed, the overall density is increased but the effect of densifying and uniformizing the surface state of the nonwoven artificial leather surface is not so much improved because it does not increase the wool density per unit area.

The present invention is characterized in that it solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and provides a method of manufacturing a nonwoven artificial leather having a soft touch and uniform hair growth similar to that of natural leather.

That is, the present invention in the manufacturing method of artificial leather by manufacturing a microfiber using a mixed spinning method, carding and cross-lapping it and needle punching to create a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven felt and filled with a polyurethane elastomer therein, Before the removal of the dispersion medium component, the microfibers are mixed with spun polyamide or polyester as the dispersing component and spun by high spinning polyethylene as the dispersing component. It is to provide a method for producing a non-woven artificial leather, characterized in that the fineness of the fiber is 3 to 5 denier, 45 to 60mm in length, 15 to 20 / inch crimp.

In the present invention, in order to have a soft touch similar to natural leather and uniform hair growth state, a blended type ultrafine bundled fiber is manufactured in which fibril fineness is distributed in a range of 0.005 to 0.001 denier by mixing and spinning polyamide or polyester and high fluidity polyethylene. In this case, in order for the fineness of the polyamide or polyester constituting the dispersion component to be distributed as uniformly as possible, the melt index (MI) of polyethylene, which is a dispersion medium component, should be maintained in the range of 40 to 70 g / 10 min. Corresponding high flow polyethylene is in the weight ratio of 30 to 50% of the total range. In the present invention, the ratio of the dispersion medium component to the dispersion component is preferably set to 50 to 70%: 50 to 30% as described above. If it is out of this range, it becomes difficult to manufacture a microfiber having desirable physical properties required by the present invention. In the present invention, the elongation ratio is adjusted to 3.5 to 4.5 times in the short fiberization process after mixed spinning to maintain the fineness of 3 to 5 denier before dispersing the dispersion medium component, the length is 45 to 60mm, the crimp number is the unit length (inch It is also important to have a range of 15 to 20 per square foot. At this time, the physical properties of the short fiber is preferably such that the tensile strength is 3.5 to 4.5 g / d, elongation is 60 to 100%. Thereafter, the staple fibers are physically bonded three-dimensionally through opening, carding, cross-lapping and needle punching to produce a nonwoven felt. In order to minimize the static and friction between the machine and the needle punching process, antistatic agent and smoothing agent are treated on staple fibers, and the form is fixed with water-soluble high molecular material of polyvinyl alcohol. Impregnation within the% range. At this time, to increase the dyeing (yield), color pigments are added in the range of 1 to 10%, and the microfiber dispersion medium component is removed with perchloroethylene or toluene, followed by dyeing and fixing treatment, buffing, and softening agent to finish the final surface. Manufacture.

In accordance with the present invention, by supplementing the disadvantages of the weak properties of the mixed spun fiber, the bonding between short fibers in the manufacturing process of the nonwoven felt felt by the needle punching and the structure is dense, the wool density per unit area of the surface of the product of the suede type nonwoven artificial leather High and uniform state of hair has the effect of manufacturing artificial leather for medical and fashion accessories having a luxurious appearance.

It will be described in detail through the following examples and comparative examples.

EXAMPLE

Using a polyamide with a relative viscosity of 2.7 as a dispersion component and a high flow polyethylene having a melt index (MI) of 70 g / 10 min as a dispersion medium component, the composition ratio of the dispersion component and the dispersion medium component is 60:40, and the fineness of the short fibers is 5 denier, 51mm in length, 20 crimps per inch, 600 fiber bundles, fibril fineness in the range of 0.005 denier to 0.001 denier, and then opening, carding, cross-lapping and needle punching. The staple fibers are physically bonded through to produce a nonwoven felt. The felt has a weight of 450 g / m 3 and a thickness of 2.5 mm and is punched to a needle density (PPSC) of 1,000 during needle punching. In order to minimize static and friction between the machine and the needle punching process, antistatic agent and smoothing agent are treated on staple fibers, and the form is fixed with water-soluble high molecular material of polyvinyl alcohol. Dilution with an aldehyde solvent to form a 12% solution, impregnation followed by coagulation, washing and drying to treat the impregnation rate of 38 to 40%. At this time, 1% color pigment is added to increase the dyeing yield, and the microfiber dispersion medium is treated with perchloroethylene at 85 ° C for 1 hour to completely remove the dye, and then dyed with a metal dye, and a fixing treatment, buffing and softening agent are treated. To produce a suede type nonwoven artificial leather.

Comparative Example 1

After dispersing polyamide with a relative viscosity of 2.7 as a dispersion component and a high flow polyethylene having a melt index (MI) of 70 g / 10 min as a dispersion medium component, the constituent ratio of the dispersion component and the dispersion medium component was 50:50 and the single fiber was 9.5. Denier, 51mm long, 20 crimps per inch, 450 fiber bundles, fibril fineness from 0.007 to 0.003 denier, physically bonded through opening, carding, cross-lapping and needle punching To produce a nonwoven felt. The felt has a weight of 600 g / m 3 and a thickness of 3.5 mm and is punched with a punching density (PPSC) of 1,000 during needle punching. To minimize static and friction between the machine and needle punching, antistatic agent and smoothing agent are treated on staple fibers, and the form is fixed with polyvinyl alcohol water-soluble polymer material. Then, ether type polyurethane elastomer is added to dimethyl formaldehyde solvent. Dilution to produce a 12% solution, impregnation followed by coagulation, washing and drying to treat the impregnation rate of 38 to 40%. At this time, 1% color pigment is added to increase the dyeing yield, and the microfiber dispersion medium is treated with perchloroethylene at 85 ° C for 1 hour to completely remove it, and then dyed with a metal dye, and a fixing treatment, buffing and softening agent are treated. To produce a suede type nonwoven artificial leather.

Comparative Example 2

Using a polyamide with a relative viscosity of 2.7 as a dispersion component and a high flow polyethylene with a melt index (MI) of 70 g / 10 min as a dispersion medium component, the composition ratio of the dispersion component and the dispersion medium component is 40:60, followed by spinning 7 deniers, 51 mm in length, 20 crimps per inch, 550 fiber bundles, fibril fineness of 0.003 to 0.001 denier, and physical, through opening, carding, cross-lapping and needle punching After the non-woven fabric felt to be bonded to the post-processing as in Example 1 to produce a suede-type non-woven artificial leather.

The characteristics of the products shown through the above Examples and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in the following table. 1 is shown.

TABLE 1

Claims (2)

In the method of manufacturing a microfiber by using a mixed spinning method, carding, cross-lapping and needle punching to form a three-dimensional entangled nonwoven felt and filled with a polyurethane elastomer therein to manufacture artificial leather, the microfiber is a polyamide or Mixed spinning with polyester as the dispersant and high-elasticity polyethylene as the dispersant component, while spinning the weight composition ratio of the dispersant component and the dispersant component at 50 to 70%: 50 to 30%. To 5 denier, length 45 to 60 mm, crimp number 15 to 20 / inch manufacturing method of artificial leather non-woven characterized in that it is to be. The method of claim 1, A method for producing a nonwoven artificial leather, characterized in that the tensile strength of short fibers 3.5 to 4.5 g / d, elongation is 60 to 100%.