KR19980046700A - Power train for automatic transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

In the power train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle having a compound planetary gear device in which two single-pinion planetary gear sets have fixed and variable coupling structures, the turbine of the torque converter is used to minimize the frictional loss of the friction element that is not operating. A single pinion planetary gear set that adjusts the number of rotations of the output to the input according to the number of elements to which the rotational power of the input shaft is transmitted, and the element of the single pinion planetary gear set Another single pinion planetary gear having a fixedly connected element and a variablely connected structure with a single pinion planetary gear set and an element fixed to the transmission housing to shift according to the power transmitted from the single pinion planetary gear set. Set the rotational power of the input shaft Clutch means for acting as one of the three elements of the single-pinion planetary gear set and the other single-pinion planetary gear set and the transmission to two or more elements, one element of the single-pinion planetary gear set And other clutch means for selectively connecting one element of the other single-pinion planetary set, transmitting the rotational power of the input shaft to one of the three elements of the single-pinion planetary gear set and the other single-pinion planetary gear set. Another function of selectively selecting one element of the planetary gear sets as a reaction force by selectively connecting one element of the single-pinion planetary gear set and another element of the other single-pinion planetary gear set when performing any of the above factors. Power train for automatic transmission comprising clutch means.

Description

Power train for automatic transmission

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic transmission for a vehicle, and more particularly, a power train for an automatic transmission that minimizes frictional loss of a friction element that does not operate by variably connecting four elements of two single-pinion planetary gear sets. It is about.

BACKGROUND ART In general, an automatic transmission for a vehicle includes a transmission control unit that automatically controls a transmission ratio according to a change in a traveling speed and an engine load of a vehicle.

The transmission control unit controls a plurality of friction elements installed in the gear train in an active or non-operating state so that any one of three elements of the planetary gear set (ie, input element, reaction force element, and output element) is input. And, by controlling the other element to the reaction element to adjust the number of rotation of the output stage.

At least five friction elements should be used to design a gear train that can output a gear ratio of four forward speeds and one reverse speed.

Among these friction elements, the rotation radius of the friction element used as the clutch means must be smaller than the rotation radius of the output element in order for the clutch means to be connected to the input shaft, and there is a structural constraint to be smaller than the rotation radius of the reaction force element.

In general, a compound planetary gear device has a direct structure in which at least two different elements can be used in common. For the four-speed automatic transmission, the planetary gear unit has four independent speeds, because a compound planetary gear unit using two simple planetary gear units having three independent speeds cannot be obtained with six independent speeds. .

In addition, the planetary gear device of the automatic transmission device for a vehicle is generally used in the type of planetary gear device of Lavigne type, Simpson type and two-simple type.

In order to use such a compound planetary gear device as a transmission means in a vehicle, the rib type has a structure in which a planetary carrier is connected while sharing a ring gear, and the Simpson type has a structure in which a planetary carrier and a ring gear are connected while sharing a sun gear. The two-simple type has a structure in which a planetary carrier and a ring gear are interconnected.

Therefore, in the above-described compound planetary gear device, a friction element that does not operate at any shift stage and does not affect the shift is generated in realizing the shift, and this friction element causes friction between its driving side and driven side, resulting in friction loss. Will result.

Therefore, the present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a power train for an automatic transmission that minimizes the frictional loss of the friction elements that do not operate in the clutch hook-up for each shift stage. It is.

A specific object of the present invention is to securely connect the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear set and the ring gear of the other single pinion planetary gear set, and the variable carrier of the planetary carrier of the single pinion planetary gear set and the planetary carrier of the other single pinion planetary gear set. And variable connection between ring gear and planet carrier of other single pinion planetary gear set, and variable connection between planet carrier of single pinion planetary gear set and sun gear of other single pinion planetary gear set to reduce friction loss of friction elements It is to provide a power train for the automatic transmission that minimizes.

In order to realize this, the power train for an automatic transmission according to the present invention is the number of rotations of the output to the input in accordance with the number of the input shaft rotates by receiving the rotational power of the engine from the turbine of the torque converter, the rotational power of the input shaft Single pinion planetary gear set to control the, having a structure that is fixedly connected to the element of the single pinion planetary gear set, and has a structure that is variably connected to the single pinion planetary gear set, and having an element fixed to the transmission housing Another single pinion planetary gear set that shifts according to the power transmitted from the pinion planetary gear set, and transmits the rotational power of the input shaft to one of the three elements of the single pinion planetary gear set and the other single pinion planetary gear set. And conveying to two or more elements Is another clutch means for selectively connecting one element of the set of single pinion planetary gears to another element of the set of other single pinion planetary gears, and the rotational force of the input shaft is different from the single pinion planetary gear set. One of the elements of the single pinion planetary gear set and the other of the single pinion planetary gear set, when one of the three elements of the single-pinion planetary gear set and the two or more elements. And another clutch means for selectively connecting to select the element of the planetary gear sets by reaction force.

The sun gear of the other single-pinion planetary gear set is fixed to the transmission housing.

The clutch means is installed between the input shaft and the sun gear of the single-pinion planetary gear set to clamp the power transmission, and the second clutch is installed between the input shaft and the planetary carrier of the single-pinion planetary gear set to interrupt power transmission. Clutch means.

The other clutch means includes third clutch means installed between the planetary carrier of the single-pinion planetary gear set and the planetary carrier of the other single-pinion planetary gear set to interrupt power transmission.

The other clutch means is provided between the ring gear of the other single pinion planetary gear set and the planetary carrier and is interposed between the fourth clutch means for controlling power transmission, the planetary carrier of the single pinion planetary gear set and the sun gear of the other single pinion planetary gear set. And fifth clutch means for interrupting power transmission.

In addition, the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear set and the ring gear of the other single pinion planetary gear set are connected to each other in a fixed coupling structure by a power transmission member.

The planetary carrier of the single-pinion planetary gear set described above and the planetary carrier of the other single-pinion planetary gear set are connected in a variable engagement structure by clutch means.

The ring gear and the planet carrier of the other single-pinion planetary gear set described above are connected in a variable engagement structure by clutch means.

The planetary carrier of the single-pinion planetary gear set and the sun gear of the other single-pinion planetary gear set are connected in a variable engagement structure by clutch means.

Hereinafter, the preferred configuration and operation of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a configuration diagram of a power train for an automatic transmission according to the present invention.

1 is a configuration diagram of a power train for an automatic transmission according to the present invention, in which the rotational power of the engine E is torque-converted in the torque converter T to be transmitted to the input shaft 1 of the transmission portion.

In the above, the input shaft 1 receives torque from the turbine of the torque converter T and transmits torque to the single pinion planetary gear set 3, which is set to another single pinion planetary gear set. Clutch hooks up to transmit torque at (5).

That is, a first clutch means C1 is provided between the input shaft 1 and the sun gear 7 of the single-pinion planetary gear set 3, and the first clutch means C1 rotates the input shaft 1. It is made of a structure that can transmit or block the power to the sun gear (7).

The second clutch means C2 is installed between the input shaft 1 and the planet carrier 9 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3 so that the single pinion planetary gear set 3 can have two input elements. The second clutch means C2 has a structure that can transmit or block the rotational power of the input shaft 1 to the planet carrier 9.

Further, a third clutch means C3 is provided between the planet carrier 9 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3 and the planet carrier 11 of the other single pinion planetary gear set 5, and the third clutch means (3) C3) is configured to transmit or block the rotational power of the planet carrier 9 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3 to the planet carrier 11 of the other single pinion planetary gear set 5.

That is, the planet carrier 9 of the double pinion planetary gear set 3 and the planet carrier 11 of the other single pinion planetary gear set 5 are connected in a variable coupling structure.

On the other hand, other clutch means are provided for fixing one element of the planetary gear sets to act as a reaction force element so that the planetary gear set can adjust the output rotation speed with respect to the input when one or more of the clutch means are operated. .

That is, the sun gear 13 of the other single pinion planetary gear set 5 is fixed to the transmission housing 15. Since the fourth clutch means C4 is provided between the ring gear 17 and the planet carrier 11 of the planetary gear set 5, the fourth clutch means C4 is the entire planetary gear set 5. It is made of a structure that allows to fix or independently rotate the sun gear 7 of the single-pinion planetary gear set (3) while allowing to fix or independently rotate. That is, the sun gear 13 and the planet carrier 11 of the planetary gear set 5 are connected in a variable coupling structure.

The ring gear 17 of the other single pinion planetary gear set 5 is connected to the fixed gear structure by the sun gear 7 and the power transmission member 19 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3.

In addition, a fifth clutch means C5 is provided between the sun gear 13 of the other single pinion planetary gear set 5 and the planetary carrier 9 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3, and the fifth clutch means (5). C5) has a structure in which the planetary carrier 9 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3 can be fixed to the sun gear 13 of the other single pinion planetary gear set 5 or rotated independently.

In other words, the planetary carrier 9 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3 and the sun gear 13 of the other single pinion planetary gear set 5 are connected in a variable coupling structure.

The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth clutch means C1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 described above may use a multi-plate clutch used for a power train of a general vehicle automatic transmission.

Meanwhile, the transfer drive gear 23 formed integrally with the ring gear 21 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3 is gear-coupled with a transfer driven gear (not shown) to transfer power to the differential device through the final reduction gear. However, in this configuration, such a structure has been omitted since a known one can be used, and any object having a structure can realize the object intended by the present invention.

The power train for an automatic transmission according to the present invention made as described above has three elements of a planetary gear set (sun gear, planet carrier, ring gear) according to friction elements (clutch means) selectively activated or deactivated by the transmission control unit. One element as an input element and the other element as a reaction force element are output, and the transmission ratios of the fourth forward speed and the reverse first speed are described.

The transmission control unit activates or deactivates the friction element as shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

Friction element operating table for each gear.

The shift lever (not shown) is selected as the forward D range and the opening amount of the throttle valve is increased, and the transmission control unit is provided with the first and third clutch means C1 and 3 so that the gear train can output the first speed ratio. These clutches are operated by supplying hydraulic pressure.

Hereinafter, the clutch means operating means that the hydraulic pressure is supplied from the hydraulic control system.

When the first clutch means C1 is operated, the rotational power of the input side 1 is transmitted to the sun gear 7 of the single-pinion planetary gear set 3 to rotate it forward and at the same time, the sun gear 7 It is transmitted to the ring gear 17 of the other single pinion planetary gear set (5) connected to the power transmission member (9) to rotate it forward.

Therefore, the rotational power transmitted to the ring gear 17 of the other single-pinion planetary gear set 5 is transmitted to the pinion gear 12 of the planetary gear set 5, and the sun gear fixed to the transmission housing 15 Since 14) acts as a reaction force element, the planet carrier 11 is rotated forward.

Therefore, the planetary carrier 9 of the single-pinion planetary gear set 3 connected to the planet carrier 11 by the third clutch means C3 rotates forward and rotates the ring gear 21 forward while forming a transfer drive formed on the outer circumference thereof. The gear ratio is outputted to the gear 23 at a single speed.

When the vehicle speed increases in the first speed state, the transmission control unit deactivates the first clutch means C1 and operates the second clutch means C2 while the third clutch means C3 is operated.

By the above action, the reaction force element is the same as the first speed, but the input element is changed from the sun gear 7 of the single-pinion planetary gear set 3 to the planetary carrier 9, so that the rotational power transmitted to the input shaft 1 is It is delivered to the planet carrier 9 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3.

Accordingly, the pinion gear 10 provided in the planetary carrier 9 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3 rotates to further rotate the planetary carrier 9 by this rotation, and the planetary body of the single pinion planetary gear set 3 is rotated. The pinion gear 12 installed on the planetary carrier 11 of the other single-pinion planetary gear set 5 connected to the carrier 9 by the third clutch means C3 rotates to further rotate the planetary carrier 11 by this rotation. It rotates and outputs a gear ratio of 2 speeds.

When the vehicle speed increases in this second speed state, the transmission control unit deactivates the third clutch means C3 and operates the first clutch means C1 while the second clutch means C2 is operated.

Since the sun gear 7 and the planet carrier 9 of the single pinion planetary gear set 3 act as input elements at the same time, the planet gear set 3 rotates integrally.

Therefore, the transfer drive gear 23 integrally formed on the ring gear 21 of the single-pinion planetary gear set 3 transmits the rotational power of the input shaft 1 as it is and outputs a speed ratio of three speeds.

When the vehicle speed is increased in the third speed state, the transmission control unit deactivates the first clutch means C1 and operates the fourth clutch means C4 while the second clutch means C2 is operated.

By the above-described action, the planetary carrier 9 of the single-pinion planetary gear set 3 acts as an input element, and the sun gear 7 acts as a reaction force element by the fourth clutch means C4. The speed increase is performed in the gear set 3 to output the speed ratio of the fourth speed to the transfer drive gear 23 formed integrally with the ring gear 21.

At this time, since the planet carrier 11 and the ring gear 17 are directly connected in a state where the wire ears 13 of the other single pinion planetary gear set 5 are fixed, the entire planet gear set 5 is fixed.

On the other hand, when the shift lever is moved to the reverse R range, the transmission control unit operates the first clutch means C1 and the fifth clutch means C5.

By the above operation, the sun gear 7 of the single pinion set 3 acts as an input element, and the planet carrier 9 is fixed to the transmission housing 15 by the fifth clutch means C5 to act as a reaction force element. Since the ring gear 21 is reversely rotated to output the transmission ratio of the reverse to the transfer drive gear 23 integrally formed on the outer circumference thereof.

As described above, the power train for the automatic transmission according to the present invention may provide four forward shift stages and one reverse stage. The friction elements that do not operate by fixing the entire set of other single-pinion planetary gear sets at the fourth forward stage may be used. Since slippage can be reduced, frictional losses due to slippage of friction elements can be minimized.

Claims (9)

The single-pinion planetary gear set that adjusts the number of rotations of the output to the input according to the number of elements that receive the engine's rotational power from the torque converter's turbine and rotates the input shaft's rotational power, and this single-pinion planetary gear Another element that has an element that is fixedly connected to the set of elements, has a structure that is variably connected to the single pinion planetary gear set, and has an element fixed to the transmission housing to shift according to the power transmitted from the single pinion planetary gear set A single pinion planetary gear set, which transmits the rotational force of the input shaft to one of the three elements of the single pinion planetary gear set and the other single pinion planetary gear set and to two or more elements. Clutch means, different from one element of the set of single-pinion planetary Another clutch means for selectively connecting one element of the other single pinion planetary gear set, transmitting the rotational power of the input shaft to one of the three elements of the single pinion planetary gear set and the other single pinion planetary gear set; Another function of selectively selecting one element of the planetary gear sets as a reaction force by selectively connecting one element of the single-pinion planetary gear set and another element of the other single-pinion planetary gear set when performing any of the above factors. Power train for automatic transmission comprising clutch means. The power train for an automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the sun gear of the other single-pinion planetary gear set is fixedly installed in the transmission housing. 2. The clutch of claim 1, wherein the clutch means is provided between the pressure shaft and the sun gear of the single-pinion planetary gear set to interlock power transmission, and between the input shaft and the planetary carrier of the single-pinion planetary gear set. A power train for an automatic transmission comprising a second clutch means for interrupting power transmission. 2. The power train of claim 1, wherein the other clutch means comprises a third clutch means installed between the planetary carrier of the single-pinion planetary gear set and the planetary carrier of the other single-pinion planetary gear set to interrupt power transmission. 4. The clutch according to claim 1, wherein the other clutch means is provided with a ring gear and a planet carrier of another single pinion planetary gear set to interlock power transmission, and a planetary carrier of the single pinion planetary gear set and another single pinion planetary gear set. And a fifth clutch means installed between the sun gears to control power transmission. The power train for an automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the sun gear of the single pinion planetary gear set and the ring gear of the other single pinion planetary gear set are connected in a fixed coupling structure by a power transmission member. The power train for an automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the planetary carrier of the single-pinion planetary gear set and the planetary carrier of the other single-pinion planetary gear set are connected in a variable coupling structure by clutch means. The power train for an automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the ring gear and the planet carrier of the other single-pinion planetary gear set are connected in a variable coupling structure by clutch means. The power train for an automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein the planetary carrier of the single-pinion planetary gear set and the sun gear of the other single-pinion planetary gear set are connected in a variable coupling structure by clutch means.