KR19980032353A - Water hammer - Google Patents
Water hammer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR19980032353A KR19980032353A KR1019970044917A KR19970044917A KR19980032353A KR 19980032353 A KR19980032353 A KR 19980032353A KR 1019970044917 A KR1019970044917 A KR 1019970044917A KR 19970044917 A KR19970044917 A KR 19970044917A KR 19980032353 A KR19980032353 A KR 19980032353A
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- flow rate
- water
- water hammer
- hole
- water supply
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K47/00—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
- F16K47/02—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for preventing water-hammer or noise
- F16K47/023—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for preventing water-hammer or noise for preventing water-hammer, e.g. damping of the valve movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K21/00—Fluid-delivery valves, e.g. self-closing valves
- F16K21/02—Fluid-delivery valves, e.g. self-closing valves providing a continuous small flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
- F16K31/60—Handles
- F16K31/602—Pivoting levers, e.g. single-sided
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K47/00—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
- F16K47/02—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for preventing water-hammer or noise
- F16K47/026—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for preventing water-hammer or noise preventing noise in a single handle mixing valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/04—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids
- F16L55/045—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids specially adapted to prevent or minimise the effects of water hammer
- F16L55/055—Valves therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Valves (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
- Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
Abstract
(과제) 빌딩의 급수설비나 일반가정에서의 급수설비에 있어서, 간단한 설비로 수격작용(水擊作用)을 저감할 수 있는 기구를 제공하는 것.(Problem) To provide water supply facilities in buildings and water supply facilities in general households with a simple facility to reduce water hammer.
(해결수단) 고가탱크에서 각 수도꼭지까지의 급수관로에, 기본형상이 기둥형상이고 오목면형상으로 형성된 유입측의 면에서 유출측으로 적어도 1개의 관통구멍이 형성된 유량억제수단을 형성하여 수량을 억제함으로써 수격작용을 저감하였다.(Measures) By forming a flow rate suppressing means in which at least one through-hole is formed in the water supply line from the elevated tank to each faucet from the inflow side formed in the column shape and the concave shape to the outflow side, the amount of water is suppressed. Reduced water hammer.
Description
본 발명은 급수관로의 급격한 개폐에 의한 수격작용(水擊作用)을 저감하기 위한 배관기구에 관한 것이다.TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to the piping mechanism for reducing the water hammer action by the rapid opening and closing of a water supply line.
유체의 유로에 설치된 개폐밸브를 급격히 개폐함에 의해서 유속을 급격히 변화시키면, 큰 압력변동이 발생하는 이른바 수격작용이 알려져 있다. 대규모 도수(導水)설비등에 있어서는 발생하는 수격작용에 의한 압력변동도 커지게 된다.A so-called water hammering action is known in which a large pressure fluctuation occurs when the flow velocity is changed rapidly by opening and closing the on / off valve provided in the fluid flow path. In large-scale water supply facilities, the pressure fluctuation caused by the water hammer acting also increases.
또한, 이와 같은 수격작용에 의한 배관진동의 강도에는 밸브의 급격한 폐쇄에 의한 급격한 압력상승(△P)도 영향을 미친다. 밸브를 급격하게 완전히 폐쇄한 경우의 압력(△P)은 △P=ρaV로 나타낸다(ρ는 유체밀도, a는 유체내의 음속, V는 밸브를 폐쇄하기 전의 유속).In addition, the sudden increase in pressure DELTA P due to the sudden closing of the valve also affects the strength of the pipe vibration caused by the water hammer. The pressure ΔP when the valve is completely closed is represented by ΔP = ρaV (ρ is the fluid density, a is the speed of sound in the fluid, and V is the flow rate before closing the valve).
이와 같은 수격작용에 의한 배관진동으로 인하여 충격음의 발생이나 관로의 파손 등의 사고원인이 되기 때문에, 그 저감을 위하여 서지탱크(surge tank)등과 같은 여러가지 기술적 수단이 강구되고 있다.Due to the pipe vibration caused by the water hammer, accidents such as the generation of impact noise or damage to the pipeline are caused. Therefore, various technical means such as a surge tank have been devised for the purpose of reducing the impact.
그러나, 빌딩의 급수설비나 일반가정에서의 급수설비에 있어서는 유속이 비교적 느리다는 이유, 급수전을 손으로 돌리기 때문에 유속이 급격히 변화지 않고 비교적 완만하게 변화한다는 이유에 의해서, 발생하는 수격작용이 비교적 작아 문제가 되는 일이 적었다.However, in the water supply facilities of buildings and general households, the water hammer is relatively small due to the reason that the flow rate is relatively slow and the flow rate does not change rapidly but changes relatively slowly because the water supply is turned by hand. There was little problem.
그러나, 최근에는 빌딩의 급수설비나 일반가정에서의 급수설비에서 사용되는 급수전으로서, 레버를 구비하여 원터치로 개폐할 수 있는 구조의 것이 많이 사용되고 있다. 따라서, 유속이 급격히 변화하는 경우가 많아짐으로써, 발생하는 수격작용에 의한 배관설비 또는 기기로의 영향이나 충격음의 발생 등의 문제를 무시할 수 없게 되었다. 그렇다고 산업용의 대규모 서지탱크등을 설치하는 것은 적합하지 않다.However, in recent years, as a water supply used in a water supply facility of a building or a water supply facility in a general home, a thing of the structure which has a lever and can open and close with one touch is used. Therefore, the flow rate is often changed rapidly, so that problems such as the effects on the piping equipment or the equipment due to the water hammering action or the generation of impact noise cannot be ignored. However, it is not suitable to install large-scale surge tanks for industrial use.
여기서, 본 발명은 빌딩의 급수설비나 일반가정에서의 급수설비에 있어서, 간단한 설비로 수격작용을 저감시킬 수 있는 기구를 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a mechanism capable of reducing water hammering action with a simple facility in a water supply facility for a building or a water supply facility for a general home.
본 발명에 관한 수격작용 저감기구의 청구항 1에서는, 관로개폐수단과, 기본형상이 기둥형상이고 오목면형상으로 형성된 유입측의 면에서 유출측으로 적어도 1개의 관통구멍이 형성된 유량억제수단을 급수관로에 형성하는 수단을 강구하였다.In claim 1 of the water hammering reduction mechanism according to the present invention, the water supply opening and closing means and the flow rate suppressing means having at least one through-hole formed on the inflow side on the inflow side formed in a columnar shape and a concave surface in the water supply line. Means for forming were taken.
그리고, 청구항 2에서는, 관통구멍을 유출측의 면에 개구시키는 수단을 강구하였다.And in Claim 2, the means which opened the through-hole in the surface of an outflow side was taken.
그리고, 청구항 3에서는, 유량억제수단의 유출측을 유입측보다 작은 지름으로 된 기둥형상으로 형성함으로써 이 작은 지름부분의 측면과 관로내면과의 사이에 간격을 형성하고, 관통구멍을 작은 지름부분의 측면에 개구시키는 수단을 강구하였다.In the third aspect, the outlet side of the flow rate suppression means is formed in a column shape having a diameter smaller than the inflow side to form a gap between the side surface of the small diameter portion and the inner surface of the conduit, and the through hole has a small diameter portion. Means for opening to the side were taken.
그리고, 청구항 4에서는, 유량억제수단의 측면에는 턱부가 형성되어 있는 구성으로 하였다.In claim 4, the jaw portion is formed on the side surface of the flow rate suppressing means.
도 1은 본 발명에 관한 수격작용 저감기구에 의한 배관계통도의 일예를 나타낸 도면BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The figure which shows an example of the piping system passage by the water hammer action reduction mechanism which concerns on this invention.
도 2는 상기 배관계통도의 요부를 나타낸 배관도2 is a piping diagram showing main parts of the piping system diagram;
도 3은 유량억제유니트의 유량억제특성을 나타낸 도면3 is a view showing the flow rate suppression characteristics of the flow rate suppression unit
도 4는 유량억제유니트의 다른 실시예의 구성도4 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of the flow suppression unit
도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings
1 - 고가탱크 2 - 급수배관(급수관로)1-elevated tank 2-water supply pipe (water supply line)
3 - 수도꼭지(관로개폐수단) 4 - 샤워헤드3-Faucet (Pipe Opening and Closing) 4-Showerhead
5 - 샤워호스 6 - 유량억제유니트(수량억제수단)5-Shower hose 6-Flow control unit (quantity control unit)
61 - 턱부 62 - 유입측의 오목부61-Jaw 62-Concave inlet
64,65 - 관통구멍64,65-through hole
이하, 본 발명에 관한 수격작용 저감기구를 그 실시형태를 나타낸 도면에 의거하여 상세하게 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the water hammer action reduction mechanism which concerns on this invention is demonstrated in detail based on drawing which showed embodiment.
도 1은 본 발명의 수격작용 저감기구를 채용한 빌딩의 배관계통도, 도 2는 그 요부를 나타낸 배관도이다.1 is a piping diagram illustrating a building employing the water hammering action reducing mechanism of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a piping diagram showing the main part thereof.
도 1에 있어서, 도면부호 1은 고가(高架)탱크, 도면부호 2는 고가탱크(1)에서 각 층의 수도꼭지(3)로 급수하기 위한 급수배관이다.In Fig. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an elevated tank, and reference numeral 2 denotes a water supply pipe for supplying water from the elevated tank 1 to the faucet 3 of each layer.
도 2에 있어서, 수도꼭지(3)는 원터치 개폐식 레버(31)를 구비하고 있으며, 샤워헤드(4)로의 샤워호스(5)가 접속되어 있다.In FIG. 2, the faucet 3 is provided with the one-touch open / close lever 31, and the shower hose 5 to the shower head 4 is connected.
도면부호 6은 유량억제유니트이다. 이 유량억제유니트(6)는 원통형상의 청동 주물제로서, 도 4A에 나타낸 바와 같이 측면에 형성된 턱부(61)와, 유입측의 오목부(62)와, 유출측의 오목부와, 상기 오목부(62)에서 유출측으로 관통하는 2개의 관통구멍(64,65)이 형성되어 있다.Reference numeral 6 denotes a flow rate inhibiting unit. The flow rate suppressing unit 6 is made of a cylindrical bronze casting. As shown in Fig. 4A, the jaw portion 61 formed on the side surface, the recess 62 on the inflow side, the recess on the outflow side, and the recess At 62, two through holes 64 and 65 penetrating to the outflow side are formed.
상기한 바와 같이 구성된 유량억제유니트(6)의 턱부(61)를 수도꼭지(3)와 샤워호스(5)와의 접속부에 끼워서 유량억제유니트(6)를 급수배관 내부에 고정한다.The jaw portion 61 of the flow rate suppression unit 6 configured as described above is inserted into the connection portion between the faucet 3 and the shower hose 5 to fix the flow rate suppression unit 6 inside the water supply pipe.
상기 유량억제유니트(6)에 형성된 상기 2개의 관통구멍(64,65)의 중심축은 하류측으로 향하여 갈수록 점차 넓어지도록 되어 있다.The central axis of the two through holes 64, 65 formed in the flow rate suppressing unit 6 is gradually widened toward the downstream side.
이 유량억제유니트(6)에 있어서는 관통구멍의 지름을 2.3㎜, 관통구멍의 간격을 3.3㎜, 관통구멍의 벌어지는 각을 8˚로 하여 수류에 의한 음의 발생을 억제하였다.In the flow rate suppression unit 6, the generation of sound caused by water flow was suppressed by setting the diameter of the through hole to 2.3 mm, the gap between the through holes to 3.3 mm, and the opening angle of the through hole to 8 degrees.
도 3에 나타낸 바와 같이, 이 유량억제유니트(6)를 구비한 급수설비에 있어서는, 수도꼭지(3)를 완전히 개방한 경우의 수량(B,C)이 유량억제유니트(6)를 이용하지 않은 경우의 수량(A)에 비해 최대 약 50％ 저하하였다. 수량의 저하는 동일한 관직경의 배관에서는 유속을 저하시키기 때문에, 유량억제유니트(6)를 이용함으로써 유속이 최대 약 50％ 저하되는 것을 알 수 있다.As shown in FIG. 3, in the water supply facility provided with this flow control unit 6, when the quantity B and C of the case where the faucet 3 is completely opened, the flow rate control unit 6 is not used. It decreased up to about 50% as compared to the yield (A). It is understood that the flow rate decreases at most about 50% by using the flow rate suppression unit 6 because the decrease in the amount of water decreases the flow rate in the pipe having the same pipe diameter.
따라서, 완전히 개방된 상태에서 원터치에 의해서 급속히 완전히 폐쇄한 상태로 한 경우에 있어서의 유속의 변동은 약 반으로 저하되는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서, 상술한 식 △Ｐ=ρａＶ에 의거하여 발생하는 압력변동(△Ｐ)도 약 반으로 되는 것이다.Therefore, it turns out that the fluctuation | variation of the flow velocity in the case where it is closed completely rapidly by one-touch in the fully open state falls to about half. Therefore, the pressure fluctuation (DELTA) P which generate | occur | produces based on the above-mentioned formula (DELTA) P = rhoa is also about half.
이와 같이 본 발명의 수격작용 저감기구에 의하면, 급수전을 급격하게 개폐하는 경우에도 큰 수격작용을 발생시키지 않음으로써 충격음의 발생이나 배관설비 또는 기구의 손상을 방지할 수 있다는 효과를 얻을 수 있는 것이다.As described above, according to the water hammer action reducing mechanism of the present invention, even when the water supply power is suddenly opened and closed, a large water hammer action is not generated, thereby producing an effect of preventing the occurrence of impact sound and damage to piping equipment or equipment.
또, 유입측의 오목면에 관통구멍을 형성하였기 때문에, 유입되는 물이 원활하게 관통구멍으로 유도되어 유출측으로 이동함으로써, 수량억제효과가 원활하게 변화함과 아울러 충격음의 발생을 방지할 수 있다.In addition, since the through hole is formed in the concave surface on the inflow side, the incoming water is guided to the through hole smoothly and moves to the outflow side, whereby the water quantity suppressing effect is smoothly changed and the occurrence of impact sound can be prevented.
또, 청구항 2에 있어서는, 관통구멍을 유출측의 면에 개구시켰기 때문에, 수류가 굴절되는 일 없이 원활하게 유출측으로 유도된다.Moreover, in the claim 2, since the through hole is opened on the surface on the outflow side, the water flow is smoothly guided to the outflow side without refraction.
또, 청구항 3에 있어서는, 도 4B에 나타낸 바와 같이 유량억제수단의 유출측을 유입측보다 작은 지름의 기둥형상으로 형성하고 관통구멍을 작은 지름부분의 측면에 개구시켰기 때문에, 수류가 작은 지름부분과 배관내면과의 사이로 확산됨으로써 큰 수류억제효과가 얻어진다.In addition, as shown in Fig. 4B, as shown in Fig. 4B, the outflow side of the flow rate inhibiting means is formed in a column shape having a diameter smaller than the inflow side, and the through hole is opened on the side surface of the small diameter portion. By diffusing between the inner surface of the pipe, a large water flow suppression effect is obtained.
또, 청구항 4에 있어서는, 유량억제수단의 측면에 턱부가 형성되어 있기 때문에, 배관기기의 접속부에 끼워넣어 고정하기 쉽다.Further, in claim 4, since the jaw portion is formed on the side surface of the flow rate suppressing means, the jaw portion is easily inserted and fixed to the connecting portion of the piping device.
또한, 유량억제유니트(6)의 구경이 동일하다 하더라도, 관통구멍의 지름이나 경사를 변경하거나 관통구멍의 개수를 증가시킴으로써 유량억제작용을 조절할 수 있다.Further, even if the diameter of the flow rate suppression unit 6 is the same, the flow rate suppression action can be adjusted by changing the diameter or inclination of the through hole or increasing the number of the through holes.
구경은 13밀리에 한정하지 않고 20밀리 또는 25밀리 등 여러가지 구경이 가능하며, 관통구멍의 수도 2개에 한정되는 것은 아니다.The aperture size is not limited to 13 millimeters, but various apertures such as 20 millimeters or 25 millimeters are possible, and the number of through holes is not limited to two.
또, 유량억제유니트(6)의 설치위치는 수도꼭지의 전후 어느 위치라도 되며, 고가탱크에서 수도꼭지 사이의 중간에 설치하여도 된다.In addition, the installation position of the flow control unit 6 may be any position before and after the faucet, and may be provided in the middle between the faucet and the expensive tank.
청구항 1에 기재된 발명에 의하면, 급수관로에 관로개폐수단을 형성하고, 적어도 1개의 관통구멍이 형성된 원통형상의 유량억제수단을 형성하였기 때문에, 유입측의 유체는 관통구멍을 통하여 유출측으로 흐를 때의 유량이 억제되기 때문에, 상기 관로개폐수단을 조작하여 급격하게 유속을 변화시켜도 수격에 의한 압력변동을 저감시킬 수 있다.According to the invention as set forth in claim 1, since the pipeline opening and closing means is formed in the water supply line and the cylindrical flow rate suppressing means having at least one through hole is formed, the flow rate when the inflow fluid flows to the outflow side through the through hole. Since this is suppressed, even if the flow velocity is rapidly changed by operating the channel opening and closing means, the pressure fluctuation due to the water hammer can be reduced.
또, 청구항 2에 있어서는, 관통구멍을 유출측의 면에 개구시켰기 때문에, 수류가 굴절되는 일 없이 원활하게 유출측으로 유도된다.Moreover, in the claim 2, since the through hole is opened on the surface on the outflow side, the water flow is smoothly guided to the outflow side without refraction.
또, 청구항 3에 있어서는, 유량억제수단의 유출측을 유입측보다 작은 지름의 기둥형상으로 형성하고, 관통구멍을 작은 지름부분의 측면에 개구시켰기 때문에, 수류가 작은 지름부분과 배관내면과의 사이로 확산됨으로써 수류억제효과가 얻어진다.Further, according to claim 3, since the outflow side of the flow rate suppression means is formed in a columnar shape with a smaller diameter than the inflow side, and the through hole is opened on the side surface of the small diameter portion, between the diameter portion with small water flow and the pipe inner surface. The diffusion inhibits the water flow.
또, 청구항 4에 있어서는, 유량억제수단의 측면에 턱부가 형성되어 있기 때문에, 배관기기의 접속부에 끼워넣어 고정하기 쉽다.Further, in claim 4, since the jaw portion is formed on the side surface of the flow rate suppressing means, the jaw portion is easily inserted and fixed to the connecting portion of the piping device.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8280890A JPH10122425A (en) | 1996-10-23 | 1996-10-23 | Water hammer reducing mechanism |
| JP96-280890 | 1996-10-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR19980032353A true KR19980032353A (en) | 1998-07-25 |
Family
ID=17631375
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019970044917A KR19980032353A (en) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-08-30 | Water hammer |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH10122425A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR19980032353A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1099914C (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2003-01-29 | 周孝宗 | Pressure-relieving and pressure-reducing type sectionally water supply controll structure |
-
1996
- 1996-10-23 JP JP8280890A patent/JPH10122425A/en active Pending
-
1997
- 1997-08-30 KR KR1019970044917A patent/KR19980032353A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10122425A (en) | 1998-05-15 |
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