KR19980030926U - Wet flue gas desulfurization device - Google Patents
Wet flue gas desulfurization device Download PDFInfo
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- KR19980030926U KR19980030926U KR2019960044072U KR19960044072U KR19980030926U KR 19980030926 U KR19980030926 U KR 19980030926U KR 2019960044072 U KR2019960044072 U KR 2019960044072U KR 19960044072 U KR19960044072 U KR 19960044072U KR 19980030926 U KR19980030926 U KR 19980030926U
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1481—Removing sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
- B01D53/185—Liquid distributors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/606—Carbonates
Abstract
1. 청구범위에 기재된 고안이 속한 기술분야1. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
본 고안은 배기가스 중의 공해물질인 유황산화물을 저감하는데 있어서 흡수제로서 석회석을 사용하고 부산물로서 석로를 회수하는 습식배연탈황장치 중의 일탑형 탈황시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a tower-type desulfurization system in a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus that uses limestone as an absorbent and recovers the furnace as a byproduct in reducing sulfur oxides, which are pollutants in exhaust gas.
2. 고안이 해결하려고 하는 기술적 과제2. The technical problem the invention is trying to solve
이산화황의 농도가 높을 때 높은 탈황효율을 얻고자 할 때에는 흡수탑의 높이가 높게 되는 문제점이 있음.When the concentration of sulfur dioxide is high, there is a problem that the height of the absorption tower is high when trying to obtain high desulfurization efficiency.
3. 고안의 해결방법의 요지3. Summary of solution of design
복수단의 분무단 중 하부의 일부에 병행류 분무단을 설치하여 배기가스 흐름과 평행하게 병류로 슬러리가 분무하도록 함.A parallel flow stage is installed in the lower part of the multistage stage to allow the slurry to spray in parallel with the exhaust stream.
4. 고안의 중요한 용도4. Important uses of the devise
기액접촉면적을 증가시킴으로서 탈황성능이 향상되며, 분무단의 위치를 낮게 설치할 수 있어 순환펌프의 양정이 낮추어져 펌프동력이 저감됨.Desulfurization performance is improved by increasing the gas-liquid contact area, and the position of the spray stage can be lowered, which lowers the head of the circulation pump and reduces the pump power.
Description
본 고안은 습식배연탈황장치에 관한 것이며, 좀더 상세하게는 화석연료연소로 인하여 생성된 배기가스 중의 공해물질인 유황산화물을 저감하는데 있어서 흡수제로서 석회석을 사용하고 부산물로서 석고를 회수하는 습식배연탈황장치 중의 일탑형 탈황시스템에 관한 것으로서 흡수탑내의 분무노즐단의 일부를 가스류와 병류흐름으로 분무함으로써 슬러리와 가스와의 기액 접촉시간을 증가시키고 분무류와 하강류가 액적충돌에 의한 미세입자 형성에 따라 양호한 기액접촉을 달성함으로써 높은 탈황효율을 얻을 수 있도록 한 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus, and more particularly, a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus using limestone as an absorbent and recovering gypsum as a byproduct in reducing sulfur oxides, which are pollutants in exhaust gases generated by fossil fuel combustion. The present invention relates to a one- tower desulfurization system in which a spray nozzle stage in an absorption tower is sprayed in a co-current flow with the gas stream to increase the gas-liquid contact time between the slurry and the gas, and the spray and down-flow flows to form fine particles by droplet collision. Accordingly, the present invention relates to an apparatus for achieving high desulfurization efficiency by achieving good gas-liquid contact.
현재 화력발전소 등에서 화석연료의 연소에 의하여 발생하는 배기가스인 유황산화물 중에서도 특히 이산화황(SO2)는 대기오염, 산성비 등을 일으키므로 환경보호 차원에서 그 배출량이 날로 엄격히 규제되고 있다. 이 때문에 배기가스에서 이상화황을 제거하는 배연탈황법의 연구 및 탈황장치의 개발은 극히 중요한 과제로 되고 있다.Currently, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), which is an exhaust gas generated by the combustion of fossil fuels in thermal power plants, generates air pollution, acid rain, etc., and therefore its emissions are strictly regulated in order to protect the environment. For this reason, the research of the flue gas desulfurization method which removes an ideal sulfur from exhaust gas, and the development of a desulfurization apparatus become an extremely important subject.
상기의 탈황시스템으로서는 최근 저렴한 비용에 간단한 구조의 간이형 건식탈황장치의 개발이 진행되고 있지만 탈황율이 70-80%로 낮기 때문에 아직 습식법이 주류를 점유하고 있다.As the desulfurization system, the development of a simple dry desulfurization apparatus having a simple structure at a low cost has been in progress recently, but the wet method still occupies the mainstream because the desulfurization rate is low at 70-80%.
이 습식법에는 흡수제로서 소다화합물을 이용하는 소다법, 칼슘화합물을 이용하는 칼슘법 및 마그네슘화합물을 이용하는 마그네슘법 등이 있다. 이 중에서 소다법은, 흡수제와 이산화황과의 반응성이 우수한 반면 사용되는 소다류의 가격이 비싸기 때문에, 발전용의 대형보일러 등의 배연탈황장치에는 비교적 저렴한 탄산칼슘 등의 칼슘화합물을 사용하는 방법이 가장 많이 채택되고 있다. 이 칼슘화합물을 흡수제로서 사용하는 탈황시스템은 기액접촉방법에 따라 여러 가지로 분류되지만 그 효율과 신뢰성이 높은 분무방식의 세계적으로 많이 채용되고 있다.This wet method includes a soda method using a soda compound as an absorbent, a calcium method using a calcium compound, a magnesium method using a magnesium compound, and the like. Among them, the soda method has a high reactivity between the absorber and sulfur dioxide, but the price of the soda used is high. Therefore, the most inexpensive method of using calcium compounds such as calcium carbonate is used in flue gas desulfurization devices such as large boilers for power generation. It is adopted. Desulfurization systems using this calcium compound as an absorbent are classified into various types according to the gas-liquid contacting method, but many of them have been adopted worldwide in the spray method with high efficiency and reliability.
이 분무방식의 탈황시스템으로서는 종래의 배기가스의 냉각, 분진제거를 행하는 냉각탑, 흡수액을 분무하여 배기가스 중의 이산화황과 반응시키는 흡수탑 및 흡수탑에서 생성된 아황산칼슘을 산화하는 산화탑의 세 탑으로 구성되어 있다. 그러나 근래에는 흡수탑에 냉각, 산화의 기능을 갖춘 일탑형 탈황시스템의 개발이 진행되어 최근에는 일탑형 탈황시스템이 분무방식의 주류로 되어 있다.The spray-type desulfurization system includes conventional cooling towers for cooling and removing dust, absorption towers for spraying absorbent liquid and reacting with sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas, and three towers for oxidizing calcium sulfite produced in the absorption tower. Consists of. However, in recent years, the development of a tower-type desulfurization system equipped with cooling and oxidation functions in an absorption tower has been in progress.
이러한 일탑형 탈황시스템의 경우, 상기 흡수탑에 공급되는 석회석과 물의 혼합물인 석회석슬러리의 유량은 배기되는 가스량과 배기가스 중의 이산화황의 농도 그리고 탈황률의 요구치에 의해 결정된다. 그리고, 상기 흡수탑 내에서 석회석슬러리를 분무하는 복수의 각 분무단에 있어서의 유량은 분무노즐의 크기 및 간격에 의해 결정되며 각 분무단마다의 유량은 동일하다. 따라서 배기가스 중의 이산화황의 농도가 높은 플랜트에서는 내부 순환펌프에 의해 공급되는 순환액량을 증가시킬 필요가 있고 이 경우 유량이 일정한 분무단의 수를 증가시켜야 하므로 흡수탑의 높이가 크게 되는 단점이 있다.In the case of the one-bed desulfurization system, the flow rate of the limestone slurry, which is a mixture of limestone and water supplied to the absorption tower, is determined by the amount of gas exhausted, the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas, and the desulfurization rate requirement. The flow rate in each of the spray stages for spraying limestone slurry in the absorption tower is determined by the size and spacing of the spray nozzles, and the flow rate for each spray stage is the same. Therefore, in a plant having a high concentration of sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas, it is necessary to increase the amount of circulating liquid supplied by the internal circulation pump, and in this case, the height of the absorption tower is increased because the number of spray stages must be increased.
이와 같이, 종래 기술에서는 이산화황을 제거하는데 있어 경제성과 효율적 측면에 관한 고려가 충분하지 못하여 이산화황의 농도가 높을 때 높은 탈황효율을 얻고자 할 때에는 흡수탑의 높이가 높게 되는 문제점이 있었다.As described above, in the prior art, it is not enough to consider economical and efficient aspects in removing sulfur dioxide, and there is a problem in that the height of the absorption tower is high when the sulfur dioxide concentration is high to obtain high desulfurization efficiency.
본 고안은 배기가스 중의 황산화물의 농도가 높은 경우에도 상기 흡수탑의 높이에 구애됨없이 경제적으로 또한 고효율의 탈황이 가능한 흡수탑을 겸비한 배연탈황장치를 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a flue gas desulfurization apparatus having an absorption tower that can economically and efficiently desulfurize regardless of the height of the absorption tower even when the sulfur oxide concentration in the exhaust gas is high.
이와 같은 목적은 복수단의 상기 분무단 중 하부의 일부에 병행류 분무단을 설치하여 배기가스흐름과 평행하게 병류로 슬러리를 분무하도록 한 본 고안의 구성에 의하여 달성될 수 있는 바, 첨부도면을 참조로 하여 이하에 상세히 설명한다.This object can be achieved by the configuration of the present invention to install a parallel flow spray stage in the lower part of the spray stage of the plurality of stages to spray the slurry in parallel flow parallel to the exhaust gas flow, It demonstrates in detail below with reference.
제1도는 본 고안의 설명도1 is an explanatory diagram of the present invention
제2도는 종래의 설명도2 is a conventional explanatory diagram
*도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *
1 : 흡수탑2 : 분무노즐1: absorption tower 2: spray nozzle
3 : 흡수액 순환펌프4 : 흡수탑 순환탱크3: absorption liquid circulation pump 4: absorption tower circulation tank
5 : 산화용교반기6 : 공기 흡입관5: oxidizer stirrer 6: air suction pipe
7 : mist 제거기8 : 석회석슬러리탱크7: mist eliminator 8: limestone slurry tank
9 : 탈수기10 : 원심분리기9: dehydrator 10: centrifuge
11 : 슬러리취출펌프12 : 고체성분 농축물탱크11: slurry extraction pump 12: solid concentrate tank
13 : 석고14, 14' : 향류분무단13 gypsum 14, 14 ': countercurrent spraying
15 : 병행류분무단15: Parallel Flow Spray Group
제1도는 본 고안의 구성을 나타낸 것이고 제2도는 종래의 구성을 나타낸 것이다.Figure 1 shows the configuration of the present invention and Figure 2 shows a conventional configuration.
일반적으로, 배기가스는 입구 덕트와 출구 덕트를 통해 흡수탑(1)을 통과하여 여과된다. 공지의 배연탈황장치에서, 흡수탑(1)과 석회석 슬러리 탱크(8), 탈수기(9), 원심분리기(10), 슬러리 취출펌프(11) 그리고, 고체성분 농축 물탱크(12)로 구성되어 있다.In general, the exhaust gas is filtered through the absorption tower 1 through the inlet duct and the outlet duct. In the known flue gas desulfurization apparatus, the absorption tower (1), limestone slurry tank (8), dehydrator (9), centrifuge (10), slurry extraction pump (11), and solid component concentrated water tank (12) have.
상기 흡수탑(1)은, 분무노즐(2)과, 순환펌프(3)와, 흡수탑 순환탱크(4)와, 산화용 교반기(5)와, 공기 흡입관(6)과, mist 제거기(7)로 구성되어 있는데, 본 고안은 복수단의 상기 분무단(14) 중 하부단의 일부를 병행류 분무단(15)으로 구성하였다.The absorption tower 1 includes a spray nozzle 2, a circulation pump 3, an absorption tower circulation tank 4, an oxidation stirrer 5, an air suction pipe 6, and a mist remover 7 In the present invention, a part of the lower stage of the spray stage 14 of the plurality of stages is configured as a parallel flow spray stage 15.
제1도에는 편의상 향류 분무단(14)을 1단으로, 병행류 분무단(15)은 3단으로 표시하였으나, 본 고안은 향류 분무단(14)과 병행류 분무단(15)의 갯수는 배기가스의 배출량이나 탈황률 요구치 그리고 이산화황의 농도에 따라 적절히 설치할 수 있다.In FIG. 1, the countercurrent spray stage 14 is shown as one stage and the parallel spray stage 15 is three stages for convenience, but the number of the countercurrent spray stage 14 and the parallel spray stage 15 is It can be appropriately installed depending on the amount of exhaust gas, desulfurization rate requirements, and sulfur dioxide concentration.
이하 ,본 고안의 작용에 관하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention will be described.
먼저, 보일러 등의 연소장치에서 배출된 배기가스가 입구덕트를 통해 흡수탑(1)에 유입되고 출구덕트를 통해 배출된다. 상기 흡수탑(1)에는 순환펌프(3)에 의해 공급되는 탄산칼슘을 함유한 흡수액이 분무노즐(2)에서 분무되어 흡수액과 배기가스의 기액접촉이 이루어지게 된다. 이때 배기가스 중의 황산환물과 분진은 흡수탑(1)내에 설치된 복수단의 가스흐름과 병행류로 분무되도록 설치된 병행류 분무단(15)과 일단 또는 복수단의 가스흐름과 향류로 분무되도록 설치된 향류 분무단(14)을 통과하면서 흡수제거 또는 충돌제거되며 배기가스에 동반되는 증기는 mist 제거기(7)에 의해 청정가스로서 출구덕트를 통하여 배출된다.First, exhaust gas discharged from a combustion device such as a boiler flows into the absorption tower 1 through an inlet duct and is discharged through an outlet duct. In the absorption tower 1, the absorption liquid containing calcium carbonate supplied by the circulation pump 3 is sprayed from the spray nozzle 2 to make gas-liquid contact between the absorption liquid and the exhaust gas. At this time, sulfuric acid effluent and dust in the exhaust gas are co-flow spray stage 15 installed to spray the gas stream and the parallel flow in a plurality of stages installed in the absorption tower 1 and countercurrent installed to spray the gas flow and the countercurrent in one or more stages. As it passes through the spray stage 14, the absorption or collision is eliminated and the vapor accompanying the exhaust gas is discharged through the outlet duct as a clean gas by the mist remover 7.
이후의 분무방식에 의한 일탑형 탈황장치의 작동경로에 있어서의 본 고안과 종래 고안의 공통된 사항은 아래와 같다.The common matters of the present invention and the conventional design in the operation path of the following tower desulfurization apparatus by the spray method are as follows.
상기 흡수액은 배기가스 중의 이산화황을 선택적으로 흡수하여 아황산칼슘을 생성하고 이 아황산칼슘이 생성된 흡수액은 흡수액 순환탱크(4)에서 체류되며 산화용 교반기(5)에 의해 교반되면서 공기 흡입관(6)에서 공급되는 공기중의 산소에 의해 흡수액 중의 아황산칼슘이 산화되어 석고를 생성한다. 탄산칼슘 및 석고가 공존하는 흡수탑 순환탱크(4)내의 흡수액의 일부는 순환펌프(3)에 의해 다시 분무노즐(2)에 보내진다.The absorbent liquid selectively absorbs sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas to form calcium sulfite, and the absorbed liquid in which the calcium sulfite is produced is retained in the absorbent liquid circulation tank 4 and stirred by the oxidizing stirrer 5 in the air intake pipe 6. Oxygen in the supplied air oxidizes the calcium sulfite in the absorbent liquid to produce gypsum. A part of the absorbent liquid in the absorption tower circulation tank 4 in which calcium carbonate and gypsum coexist is sent to the spray nozzle 2 again by the circulation pump 3.
석회석은 석회석 슬러리탱크(8)에서 물과 같이 공급되어 슬러리 상으로 된 다음, 흡수탑 순황탱크(4)에 공급된다. 흡수탑 순환탱크(4)에서 일부의 흡수액을 취출펌프(11)에 의해 취출하여 탈수기(9)로 보내고, 상기 탈수기(9)에서는 고체성분을 자연침강시켜 상등수와 분리하여 고체성분 농축물탱크로 보낸다. 상기 농축물탱크내의 농축물은 펌프에 의해 원심분리기(10)로 이송되고 여기서 최종적으로 탈수되어 석고(13)로서 회수된다.Limestone is fed together with water in the limestone slurry tank 8 to form a slurry and then to the absorption tower pure tank 4. In the absorption tower circulation tank (4), a part of the absorption liquid is taken out by the extraction pump (11) and sent to the dehydrator (9). In the dehydrator (9), the solid component is naturally precipitated and separated from the supernatant water to a solid component concentrate tank. send. The concentrate in the concentrate tank is transferred to the centrifuge 10 by a pump where it is finally dehydrated and recovered as gypsum 13.
본 고안에서는 하부의 병행류 분무단(15)를 설치하여 가스흐름과 병행류로 슬러리를 분무함으로서 흡수탑 내에서의 기액 접촉시간을 증가시키며 또한 슬러리 분무류와 분무된 슬러리의 하강류와의 충돌에 의해 분무류의 액적이 재차 미세하게 분리형성되어 기액접촉면적을 증가시킴으로서 탈황성능이 향상되므로 동일 조건에서는 종래에 비하여 우수한 성능을 얻을 수 있으며 종래보다 적은 순환액량으로도 동일한 효율을 얻을 수 있기 때문에 이산화황의 농도가 높을때에도 경제적으로 높은 탈황효율을 얻는 것이 가능하다. 또한, 본 고안의 경우에는 하단부의 분무단을 가스흐름과 동일한 방향으로 분무함으로서 분무단의 위치를 종래에 비해 낮게 설치하는 것이 가능하므로 순환펌프의 양정을 낮추는 것이 가능하게 되어 펌프동력이 저감되는 효과가 있다.In the present invention, by installing the lower parallel flow spray stage 15 to spray the slurry with gas flow and parallel flow, it increases the gas-liquid contact time in the absorption tower and also collides with the slurry spray flow and the down stream of the sprayed slurry. The droplets of the spray stream are finely separated again to increase the gas-liquid contact area, thereby improving the desulfurization performance. Therefore, the same performance can be obtained under the same conditions. Even when the sulfur dioxide concentration is high, it is possible to obtain economically high desulfurization efficiency. In addition, in the case of the present invention, by spraying the lower end of the spray in the same direction as the gas flow it is possible to install a lower position of the spray than in the prior art it is possible to lower the head of the circulation pump to reduce the pump power effect There is.
Claims (1)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR2019960044072U KR19980030926U (en) | 1996-11-30 | 1996-11-30 | Wet flue gas desulfurization device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR2019960044072U KR19980030926U (en) | 1996-11-30 | 1996-11-30 | Wet flue gas desulfurization device |
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| KR19980030926U true KR19980030926U (en) | 1998-08-17 |
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| KR2019960044072U KR19980030926U (en) | 1996-11-30 | 1996-11-30 | Wet flue gas desulfurization device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20200003289A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-08 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Apparatus for simultaneous removing nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxides of flue gas |
| CN112691464A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-23 | 山东企帮科技咨询服务有限公司 | Cement plant kiln tail exhaust treatment system |
| US11110391B2 (en) | 2018-01-25 | 2021-09-07 | Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. | System for simultaneously removing nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) from exhaust gas |
| CN114452798A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-05-10 | 武汉龙净环保工程有限公司 | Flue gas deacidification method based on ultrasonic atomization |
-
1996
- 1996-11-30 KR KR2019960044072U patent/KR19980030926U/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11110391B2 (en) | 2018-01-25 | 2021-09-07 | Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. | System for simultaneously removing nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) from exhaust gas |
| KR20200003289A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-01-08 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Apparatus for simultaneous removing nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxides of flue gas |
| CN112691464A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-23 | 山东企帮科技咨询服务有限公司 | Cement plant kiln tail exhaust treatment system |
| CN114452798A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-05-10 | 武汉龙净环保工程有限公司 | Flue gas deacidification method based on ultrasonic atomization |
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