KR19980026228A - Counterflow particulate filter with metal fiber filter - Google Patents

Abstract

A countercurrent particulate matter filtering device having a metal fiber filter for removing particulate matter from an engine exhaust gas is disclosed. The apparatus includes a control device for collecting and outputting an information signal, a metal fiber filter for collecting particulate matter in exhaust gas, a back pressure sensor for detecting a pressure difference between gases before and after the passage of the filter, and a signal from the control device. And a compressed air supply unit for removing the particulate matter by spraying compressed air with the metal fiber filter, a collection box for collecting the removed particulate matter, and a collection valve for guiding the particulate matter to the collector. The life of the filter is extended, the device is simple, the assembly productivity is improved, and the exhaust gas filtration efficiency is very high.

Description

Counterflow particulate filter with metal fiber filter

The present invention particularly relates to a filtration device for particulate matter (PM) that is emitted from engine exhaust gas of automobiles using diesel. More particularly, the present invention relates to a backwash of particulate matter collected in a filter by embedding a metal fiber filter. The present invention relates to a particulate matter filtration device of a counter flow method to be separately collected by using air.

Generally, the particulate matter refers to incomplete combustion materials such as dust generated from an engine of an automobile or an engine using various oils, and in particular, a large amount of particulate matter is emitted from an engine using light oil. Therefore, a particulate matter filtering device is installed in the gas exhauster of the engine using diesel oil to remove such particulate matter. To date, various types of soot filtration devices and particulate matter filtration devices have been disclosed. However, these filters are expensive and require many improvements in their durability and efficiency. In particular, there is a problem that the regeneration method, which is the core of the filtration device, is complicated and difficult to control.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to remove the particulate matter by installing the particulate matter collection box separately from the particulate filter to regenerate the particulate matter in the filter using a metal fiber filter, and by installing the electric heater in the collection box to incinerate it. It is an object of the present invention to provide a countercurrent particulate matter filtering device having a relatively simple control unit and having a metal fiber filter.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a countercurrent particulate matter filtering apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an electric signal flow of the filtration device shown in FIG. 1.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing an operating state of the filtration device shown in FIG. 1 at low speed and low load of the engine.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing an operating state of the filtration device shown in FIG. 1 at high speed and high load of the engine.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

1: particulate matter filtering device 2: metal fiber filter

3: Back pressure sensor 4: Engine operation state detection sensor

5: controller

7: compressed air switching solenoid valve

9: compressed air supply line 10: compressed air supply unit

11: compressed air supply nozzle 13: drive motor

15: collection valve 17: bypass valve

19: particulate matter collection box 21: electric heater

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control apparatus for collecting and outputting an information signal; A metal fiber filter for collecting particulate matter in exhaust gas discharged from an engine; A back pressure sensor for detecting a pressure difference between an inlet and an outlet of the metal fiber filter and transmitting a signal to the control device; A compressed air supply unit which is operated by receiving a signal from the control device and injects compressed air in a direction opposite to the flow of the exhaust gas to remove particulate matter collected in the metal fiber filter; A particulate matter collecting box for accommodating particulate matter removed from the metal fiber filter; And a collection valve for guiding the particulate matter removed from the metal fiber filter to the particulate matter collector according to the information signal output from the control device.

Preferably, the compressed air supply unit is mounted to the outside of the filtering device and is opened and closed by the control device, the compressed air switching solenoid valve, through and formed from the outside of the filtering device and connected to the compressed air switching solenoid valve At least one compressed air supply line and a compressed air supply line for guiding the compressed air flowing from the compressed air switching solenoid valve into the filtration device are formed, and the compressed air derived from the compressed air supply line is formed in the metal. And a compressed air supply nozzle for injecting into the fiber filter.

In addition, at least one electric heater for incineration of particulate matter collected from the metal fiber filter is installed inside the particulate matter collection box. When supplying power to the electric heater it is necessary to adjust so that an appropriate amount of heat is generated according to the state of the engine so as not to overload the engine device.

The metal fiber filter is preferably a pleated metal fiber filter. The collection valve may open the inlet of the particulate matter collection box by being rotated up by a predetermined angle when collecting the removed particulate matter, and may guide the particulate matter to the collector.

More preferably, the device is further provided with a detection sensor for detecting the operating state of the engine is input information from the detection sensor to the control device, to adjust the path of the exhaust gas in accordance with a signal from the control device It is further provided with a bypass valve for.

Accordingly, when the engine speed of the engine is faster than a predetermined speed and its load is larger than a predetermined size, the bypass valve does not allow the exhaust gas to flow in the direction of the metal fiber filter by a control device that receives information from the detection sensor. At the same time it is driven to form a separate exhaust gas discharge passage to the outside of the filtration device.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a particulate matter filtering device according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the flow of electrical signals in the particulate matter filtering device.

Referring to FIG. 1, the particulate matter filtering device 1 according to the present invention is a metal fiber filter for collecting particulate matter, preferably a pleated metal fiber filter 2, and a difference in gas pressure in the filtering device 1. Control device 5 for controlling various operations by collecting information from the back pressure sensor 3, a back pressure sensor 3, and an engine operating state sensor 4 to detect the pressure, the pleated metal fiber filter 2 Compressed air supply unit (10) including compressed air switching solenoid valve (7) for supplying compressed air, compressed air supply line (9) and compressed air supply nozzle (11), for collecting the collected particulate matter A particulate collection box 19, a collection valve 15 for opening and closing an upper portion of the particulate collection box 19, a bypass valve 17 for opening and closing a suction port of the filtration device 1, and the collection valve 15. And driving to drive the bypass valve 17. The emitter 13, and the particulate matter collected in the collection box includes an electric heater 21 for incineration.

One side of the filtration device 1 is provided with an intake port through which the gas discharged from the engine (not shown) is sucked, and a discharge port through which the sucked gas is discharged. A pleated metal fiber filter 2 is installed at the center of the body of the filtration device 1, and a particulate collecting box 19 is formed at the bottom of the body. An electric heater 21 is mounted on the inside and the bottom of the particulate matter collection box 19, and a valve driving motor 13 is installed at a portion where the particulate matter collection box 19 and the suction port are in contact with each other.

One side of the valve drive motor 13 is installed in the upper part of the particulate matter collection box 19 so that the collection valve 15 can open and close the upper portion of the one side of the particulate matter collection box 19, and the other side can open and close the suction port. The bypass valve 17 is provided so that it may be. In addition, a compressed air supply line 9 is formed between the pleated metal fiber filter 2 and the outlet so as to extend vertically from the outside of the body to the bottom of the pleated metal fiber filter 2. The compressed air supply line 9 is formed with a plurality of compressed air supply nozzles 11 protrude toward the pleated metal fiber filter 2 at regular intervals, the compressed air supply line (9) at the top of the compressed air supply line (9) A switching solenoid valve 7 is attached.

The back pressure sensor 3 is installed at the center of the portion where the body and the outlet are connected, and a control device 5 is installed separately from the filtration device 1.

Referring to the block diagram of Figure 2 in conjunction with Figure 1 will be described the role of the control device 5 as follows. First, the back pressure sensor 3 senses the gas pressure at the inlet before passing through the metal fiber filter 2 and the gas pressure at the outlet after passing through the filter 2 and transmits this information to the controller 5. Done. In addition, the engine operating state sensor 4 detects the rotational speed of the engine, the load, and the like, and also transmits this information to the control device 5. The control device 5 having received the above two information determines the degree of particulate matter collection based on the information from the back pressure sensor 3, and the engine operating state based on the information from the detection sensor 4. When it is determined from the information from the back pressure sensor 3 that the appropriate amount of particulate matter has been collected, the compressed air switching solenoid valve 7 is opened to open the compressed air supply line 9 and the compressed air supply nozzle 11. To be injected in the reverse direction of the exhaust stream. In addition, the flow rate of the exhaust gas is determined according to the engine operating state to determine whether the bypass valve 17 is opened or closed, and is transmitted to the driving motor 13.

Hereinafter, the operation principle of the filtration device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a method of filtering the exhaust gas using the same will be described in detail.

When the engine (not shown) is operated, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine starts to flow into the filtering device 1. The arrow of FIG. 1 shows the movement direction of the gas discharged from the engine.

When the exhaust gas moves in the direction of the arrow and passes through the pleated metal fiber filter 2 provided at the center from the inlet of the filtering device 1, particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas is collected in the filter 2. As the particulate matter is collected, a pressure difference occurs between the pressure at the inlet portion of the filtration device 1 and the outlet portion passing through the filter 2, and the amount of particulate matter is gradually increased over time, so that the pressure difference is gradually increased. It becomes bigger. The back pressure sensor 3 installed in the outlet portion of the filtration device 1 is for detecting such a pressure difference, and transmits this information to the control device 5. On the other hand, the engine operating state sensor 4 mounted at a predetermined position detects the rotational state and load of the engine and transmits it to the control device 5.

The control device 5 receives a signal from the back pressure sensor 3 for detecting the difference between the pressure of the inlet and the outlet and the detection sensor 4 for detecting the rotational speed and load of the engine to determine when to remove the particulate matter. Thereafter, the valve driving motor 13 is operated by applying power to the valve driving motor 13 installed at the suction port portion of the filtration device 1 according to the determined removal time. The valve drive motor 13 rotates the collection valve 15 horizontally mounted on one side of the valve drive motor 13 in an upward direction. At this time, the collection valve 15 rotates the valve drive motor 13 in an upward direction to open the particulate matter collection box 19 installed under the filtration device 1.

At the same time, the compressed air switching solenoid valve 7 installed at the upper portion of the outlet portion of the filtering device 1 is opened by the information signal of the control device 5, and the filter device (from the compressed air switching solenoid valve 7 is opened). 1) Compressed air is supplied to a compressed air supply line (9) extending vertically into it. The compressed air supply line 9 has at least one compressed air supply nozzle 11 protruding toward the metal fiber filter 2 of the filtration device 1. Therefore, the compressed air supply line 9 transfers the supplied compressed air to the compressed air supply nozzle 11, and the compressed air supply nozzle 11 is the metal fiber in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the gas discharged from the engine. Compressed gas is injected into the filter 2 to separate particulate matter from the pleated metal fiber filter 2. At this time, since the compressed air supply nozzle 11 supplies the compressed air to the pleated metal fiber filter 2 in the reverse direction of the traveling direction of the gas discharged from the engine, the particulate matter overcomes the pressure of the injected exhaust gas. It falls in the direction of the suction port of the filtration device (1).

The particulate matter separated from the metal fiber filter 2 in accordance with the above-described operation is stored in the particulate matter collecting box 19 opened according to the guide of the collecting valve 15 moved upward. When the collection of the particulate matter is completed, the drive motor 13 operates the collection valve 13 in the opposite direction to close the collection box 19 and the exhaust gas is continuously discharged through the metal fiber filter 2. An electric heater 21 is provided inside the particulate matter collection box 19. The electric heater 21 is to incinerate the particulate matter collected by receiving power by the signal of the control device (5). At this time, when supplying power to the electric heater 21, it is necessary to control the amount of power so that there is no difficulty in the operation of the engine.

The filtration device of the present invention, which operates as described above, minimizes the bypass ratio of the exhaust gas by controlling the operation of the bypass valve when the engine is at low speed and low load, and at high speed and high load. This will be described by comparing FIG. 3 in which the engine operates at low speed and low load, and FIG. 4 in which the engine operates at high speed and high load. 3 and 4, the same reference numerals are used for the same members as in FIG.

First, referring to FIG. 3, as described above, the control device 5 receives signals from the back pressure sensor 3 for detecting the difference between the pressures of the inlet and the outlet, and the sensor 4 for detecting the rotational speed and load of the engine. After receiving and determining the removal time of the particulate matter, when the removal time to operate the valve drive motor 31 to rotate the collection valve 15 in the upward direction.

When the particulate matter collection box 19 is opened, the compressed air switching solenoid valve 7 installed at the upper portion of the outlet portion is opened to supply compressed air through the compressed air supply line 9. The compressed air is supplied to the metal fiber filter 2 in the reverse direction of the traveling direction of the gas discharged from the engine through the compressed air supply nozzle 11 to separate particulate matter from the pleated metal fiber filter 2. Since the compressed air is supplied to the pleated metal fiber filter 2 in the reverse direction to the direction of the discharged exhaust gas, the particulate matter PM falls in the inlet direction of the filtration device 1 as shown in the figure. The dropped particulate matter is collected into the collection container 19 under the guidance of the collection valve 15 opened upward.

At this time, since the flow rate of the exhaust gas is weak, the particulate matter is almost collected without being influenced by the flow of the exhaust gas continuously injected. Thereafter, when the collection valve 15 operates downward as described above and the collection box is closed, the particulate matter collected by the electric heater 21 provided therein is incinerated.

Next, the operating state of the filtration device when the engine is running at high speed and high load will be described with reference to FIG. 4.

When the engine passes through the pleated metal fiber filter 2 while operating at high speed and high load, particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas is collected as shown in FIG. 3. By means of the information signals from the back pressure sensor 3 and the sensing device 4, the control device 5 determines when to remove particulate matter on the metal fiber filter 2. Then, as in the low speed and low load of the engine, power is supplied to the valve driving motor 13 to remove the particulate matter, thereby opening the collection valve 15 and the compressed air switching solenoid valve 7.

In addition, the bypass valve 17 is circularly moved around the valve driving motor 13 to move upward in order to prevent the flow of the engine exhaust gas having a high flow rate as the valve driving motor 13 is driven. Accordingly, the engine exhaust gas is discharged to the outside without passing through the filtration device 1 by blocking the intake passage of the engine exhaust gas and opening the external discharge path formed at the suction port side of the filtration device 1.

When the collecting valve 15 is circularly moved upward and the particulate matter collecting box 19 is opened, the compressed air is switched through the compressed air switching solenoid valve 7, the compressed air supply line 9, and the compressed air supply nozzle 11. The metal fiber filter 2 is injected in the reverse direction of the engine exhaust gas advancing direction. The particulate matter removed from the metal fiber filter 2 is stored in the particulate matter collecting box 19 opened according to the guide of the collecting valve 15. At this time, since the engine exhaust gas with a high flow rate is blocked, the particulate matter is collected by safely collecting it without the effect. When the collection is completed, the bypass valve 17 and the collection valve 15 are returned to their original positions, and the engine exhaust gas is discharged through the metal fiber filter 2 again. The particulate matter is incinerated by the electric heater 21 provided in the collection box 19.

As described above, the filtration apparatus according to the present invention can minimize the amount of engine buzz gas discharged through the metal fiber filter by controlling the operation of the bypass valve and the collection valve according to the rotational speed of the engine and the degree of load of the engine. .

In addition, since the filter does not process particulate matter directly, the life of the filter is extended and the cost is reduced accordingly. The power supply for incineration of the collected particulate matter is controlled by the control device, so it is not suitable for the engine device depending on the engine condition. You can adjust the power supply so that

In addition, since the structure of the filtration device is relatively simple, its control is simple and the assembly productivity is improved.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited thereto and may be improved or modified by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

Claims (7)

A control device for collecting and outputting information signals; A metal fiber filter for collecting particulate matter in exhaust gas discharged from an engine; A back pressure sensor for detecting a pressure difference between an inlet and an outlet of the metal fiber filter and transmitting a signal to the control device; It operates by receiving a signal from the control device that outputs an information signal according to the signal received from the back pressure sensor, compressed air in a direction opposite to the flow of the exhaust gas to remove particulate matter trapped in the metal fiber filter. Compressed air supply unit for injecting; A particulate matter collecting box for accommodating particulate matter removed from the metal fiber filter; And And a collection valve for guiding the particulate matter removed from the metal fiber filter to the particulate matter collector according to the information signal output from the control device. The compressed air switching solenoid valve of claim 1, wherein the compressed air supply unit is mounted to the outside of the filtering device and is opened and closed by the control device. At least one compressed air supply line and the compressed air supply line for guiding the compressed air introduced from the compressed air switching solenoid valve into the filtration device are connected to the compressed air supply line and are derived from the compressed air supply line. Back flow type particulate matter filtering device comprising a compressed air supply nozzle for injecting the metal fiber filter. The particulate matter filtering apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one electric heater for incinerating particulate matter collected from the metal fiber filter is provided inside the particulate matter collecting box. The apparatus for filtering particulate matter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal fiber filter is a pleated metal fiber filter. The counter flow according to claim 1, wherein the collection valve is rotated up by a predetermined angle when the collected particulate matter is collected to open the inlet of the particulate matter collector and guide the particulate matter to the collector. Particulate matter filtering device. The method of claim 1, further comprising a detection sensor for detecting the operating state of the engine is inputted from the information to the control device, the path of the exhaust gas in accordance with a signal from the control device Backflow type particulate matter filtering device, characterized in that the bypass valve for further provided. According to claim 6, When the engine speed of the engine is faster than a predetermined speed and its load is larger than a predetermined size by the control device receives the information from the sensor is the bypass valve is the exhaust gas is the metal fiber It is blocked to flow in the direction of the filter and at the same time the particulate matter filter apparatus of the reverse flow method characterized in that it is driven to form a separate exhaust gas discharge passage to the outside of the filtration device.