KR102881638B1 - 적층 철심 - Google Patents
적층 철심Info
- Publication number
- KR102881638B1 KR102881638B1 KR1020247019001A KR20247019001A KR102881638B1 KR 102881638 B1 KR102881638 B1 KR 102881638B1 KR 1020247019001 A KR1020247019001 A KR 1020247019001A KR 20247019001 A KR20247019001 A KR 20247019001A KR 102881638 B1 KR102881638 B1 KR 102881638B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- electrical steel
- core
- processed
- steel sheet
- insulating film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
- H01F27/245—Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1294—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a localised treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
- H01F1/14775—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
- H01F1/18—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
- H01F3/02—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D3/00—Diffusion processes for extraction of non-metals; Furnaces therefor
- C21D3/02—Extraction of non-metals
- C21D3/04—Decarburising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/1255—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties characterised by the heat treatment with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1288—Application of a tension-inducing coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JPJP-P-2021-202284 | 2021-12-14 | ||
| JP2021202284 | 2021-12-14 | ||
| PCT/JP2022/035415 WO2023112418A1 (ja) | 2021-12-14 | 2022-09-22 | 積層鉄心 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20240097934A KR20240097934A (ko) | 2024-06-27 |
| KR102881638B1 true KR102881638B1 (ko) | 2025-11-04 |
Family
ID=85556209
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020247019001A Active KR102881638B1 (ko) | 2021-12-14 | 2022-09-22 | 적층 철심 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250037921A1 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP4418287A4 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP7239088B1 (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR102881638B1 (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN118266050A (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA3235070A1 (https=) |
| MX (1) | MX2024007025A (https=) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011193622A (ja) | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-29 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 積層コア |
| JP2011217565A (ja) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | 低鉄損の回転電機鉄心と回転電機積層鉄心およびその製造方法 |
| JP2012136828A (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-19 | Kvk Corp | 水栓 |
| JP2014023224A (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2014-02-03 | Jtekt Corp | モータステータコア及びその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07298570A (ja) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-11-10 | Nippon Steel Corp | 螺旋コアの製造方法 |
| JPH11786A (ja) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-01-06 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 水中レーザ・ウォータジェット複合切断装置 |
| JP5983306B2 (ja) | 2012-10-24 | 2016-08-31 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 鉄損に優れた変圧器鉄心の製造方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-09-22 MX MX2024007025A patent/MX2024007025A/es unknown
- 2022-09-22 EP EP22906953.9A patent/EP4418287A4/en active Pending
- 2022-09-22 CN CN202280079747.3A patent/CN118266050A/zh active Pending
- 2022-09-22 KR KR1020247019001A patent/KR102881638B1/ko active Active
- 2022-09-22 CA CA3235070A patent/CA3235070A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-22 JP JP2023501046A patent/JP7239088B1/ja active Active
- 2022-09-22 US US18/715,782 patent/US20250037921A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011193622A (ja) | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-29 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 積層コア |
| JP2011217565A (ja) | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | 低鉄損の回転電機鉄心と回転電機積層鉄心およびその製造方法 |
| JP2012136828A (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-19 | Kvk Corp | 水栓 |
| JP2014023224A (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2014-02-03 | Jtekt Corp | モータステータコア及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250037921A1 (en) | 2025-01-30 |
| JPWO2023112418A1 (https=) | 2023-06-22 |
| JP7239088B1 (ja) | 2023-03-14 |
| EP4418287A1 (en) | 2024-08-21 |
| CA3235070A1 (en) | 2023-06-22 |
| CN118266050A (zh) | 2024-06-28 |
| EP4418287A4 (en) | 2025-02-26 |
| KR20240097934A (ko) | 2024-06-27 |
| MX2024007025A (es) | 2024-06-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101421387B1 (ko) | 방향성 전기 강판 및 그 제조 방법 | |
| JP4329538B2 (ja) | 無方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 | |
| JP5699642B2 (ja) | モータコア | |
| EP4455320A1 (en) | Oriented electromagnetic steel sheet | |
| JP4192399B2 (ja) | 方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 | |
| KR102881638B1 (ko) | 적층 철심 | |
| JP7533756B2 (ja) | 積層鉄心 | |
| KR102902203B1 (ko) | 적층 철심의 제조 방법 | |
| WO2023112418A1 (ja) | 積層鉄心 | |
| JP7816516B2 (ja) | 無方向性電磁鋼板 | |
| JP7568176B1 (ja) | 方向性電磁鋼板および積層鉄心 | |
| CN113853732B (zh) | 电动机铁心的制造方法 | |
| JP7816515B2 (ja) | 無方向性電磁鋼板 | |
| CA3141986C (en) | Method for manufacturing motor core | |
| EP4675653A1 (en) | Iron core for transformer and transformer | |
| US12328041B2 (en) | Electrical steel sheet machining method, motor, and motor core production method | |
| JP5561094B2 (ja) | 圧縮応力下での鉄損劣化の小さいモータコア | |
| CA3289769A1 (en) | Iron core for transformer and transformer | |
| KR20250160488A (ko) | 무방향성 전자 강판, 코어 및 회전 전기 기계 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PA0105 | International application |
St.27 status event code: A-0-1-A10-A15-nap-PA0105 |
|
| PA0201 | Request for examination |
St.27 status event code: A-1-2-D10-D11-exm-PA0201 |
|
| PG1501 | Laying open of application |
St.27 status event code: A-1-1-Q10-Q12-nap-PG1501 |
|
| D22 | Grant of ip right intended |
Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-1-2-D10-D22-EXM-PE0701 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE) |
|
| PE0701 | Decision of registration |
St.27 status event code: A-1-2-D10-D22-exm-PE0701 |
|
| F11 | Ip right granted following substantive examination |
Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-2-4-F10-F11-EXM-PR0701 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE) |
|
| PR0701 | Registration of establishment |
St.27 status event code: A-2-4-F10-F11-exm-PR0701 |
|
| PR1002 | Payment of registration fee |
St.27 status event code: A-2-2-U10-U12-oth-PR1002 Fee payment year number: 1 |
|
| U12 | Designation fee paid |
Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-2-2-U10-U12-OTH-PR1002 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE) Year of fee payment: 1 |
|
| PG1601 | Publication of registration |
St.27 status event code: A-4-4-Q10-Q13-nap-PG1601 |
|
| Q13 | Ip right document published |
Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-4-4-Q10-Q13-NAP-PG1601 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE) |