KR102663714B1 - Tool breakage detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

A tool breakage detection device is disclosed. A tool breakage detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention provides a tool breakage detection device that can detect tool breakage using a change in electric charge that occurs when a tool comes into contact with a workpiece.

Description

Tool breakage detection device}

The present invention is intended to detect the presence or absence of abnormalities in tools provided in a machine tool, and more specifically, relates to a tool breakage detection device.

In general, machine tools for cutting or processing materials typically include one or more servomotors for feeding the workpiece to be processed, and a spindle on which a tool for cutting the workpiece fed by the servomotor is mounted. It is available.

The tool cuts the material while the material is transported along a predetermined path by the servomotor. At this time, if an abnormality occurs, such as excessive wear of the tool, the cutting operation cannot proceed smoothly and the machine tool is overloaded.

Conventionally, to detect such overload, an external sensor was used or a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) controller was used to detect the load current value of the spindle motor and servo motor. That is, under the assumption that abnormal overload occurs when a tool malfunctions, a method of detecting overload was used by determining whether the value of the current supplied to the spindle motor or servo motor exceeds the standard maximum value.

When processing a workpiece in the CNC or various processing systems, the amount of tool wear gradually increases depending on the processing amount or processing time. In this case, not only does the processing speed of the workpiece slow down, but the machined surface of the workpiece becomes rough and the processing precision decreases. It falls.

In addition, there are frequent cases of tool breakage due to excessive force applied to the workpiece during machining work or due to the influence of the condition of the tool and the material characteristics of the workpiece, and there are cases where machining work is performed without checking while the tool is damaged. there is.

In this way, if machining work is performed without checking the damaged state of the tool, machining may be impossible or the tool may be completely damaged due to frictional resistance of the machining part, and at the same time, fragments of the tool may fly to the worker, causing a safety accident.

However, there is a disadvantage that it is not easy for workers to check the wear or damage state of such tools (if the amount of damage is small), and there is an urgent need to easily check the wear or damage state of the tool.

Therefore, a response plan is needed to accurately determine various problems that occur when a tool malfunctions.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2006-0052813

These embodiments are intended to provide a device for detecting tool breakage of machine tools used in various conditions, such as rotating tools or fixed tools, using the principle of a capacitor.

The tool breakage detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a grounding portion 50 that is maintained in a grounded state with the body of a machine tool equipped with a tool 10; A pair of contact parts 100 facing each other on the left and right sides of the workpiece 2 to be processed by the tool 10 and provided with power storage parts 110 charged with different electrodes; A charge detection unit 200 that detects a change in the amount of charge generated when the tool 10 contacts or does not contact the workpiece 2; and a control unit 300 that determines whether there is an abnormality in the tool according to the amount of charge detected by the charge amount detection unit 200.

The contact portion 100 includes a first contact portion 102 on which one side facing the workpiece 2 is maintained in a contact and supported state; The other side facing the workpiece 2 is selectively contacted and supported, and includes a second contact portion 104 provided with a slide portion 125 to move forward or backward in the horizontal direction toward the workpiece 2. .

The power storage unit 110 includes a first power storage unit 112 that has positive polarity and extends a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the contact unit 100; It is located in front of the first power storage unit 112 and includes a second power storage unit 114 that has a negative polarity and extends a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the contact part 100.

The first power storage unit 112 and the second power storage unit 114 are surrounded on the outside by an insulator 116 for electrical insulation.

When the workpiece 2 is fixed between the first power storage unit 112 and the second power storage unit 114 by the slide part 125, the electrically connected state is maintained.

The slide unit 125 is operated either manually or automatically.

A tool breakage detection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a grounding portion 50 that is maintained in a grounded state with the body of a machine tool equipped with a tool 10; The workpieces 2 to be processed by the tool 10 are positioned facing each other and spaced apart from each other on the upper surface of the support portion 101 in order to be selectively fixed or unfastened, and electrical current is applied when contacting the workpiece 2. A conductive portion 500 provided to be formed; A pair of power storage units 1100 electrically connected to the conductive unit 500 and charged with different electrodes; A charge detection unit 200 that detects a change in the amount of charge generated when the tool 10 contacts or does not contact the workpiece 2; and a control unit 300 that determines whether there is an abnormality in the tool according to the amount of charge detected by the charge amount detection unit 200.

The conductive portion 500 includes a first conductive portion 510 positioned facing the workpiece 2; It includes a second conductive part 520 facing the first conductive part 510 and provided with a slide part 526 to move forward or backward in the horizontal direction toward the workpiece 2.

The first conductive portion 510 is urged by a first elastic member (512) urging toward the workpiece 2, and the second conductive portion 520 is urged by a first elastic member 512 urging toward the workpiece 2. 2 It is characterized by being supported by an elastic member (522).

The conductive portion 500 includes a first insulator 514 that surrounds the first conductive portion 510 on the outside and provides electrical insulation; A second insulator 524 is provided that surrounds the second conductive portion 520 on the outside and provides electrical insulation.

The slide unit 526 is characterized by a built-in distance detection unit 526a for detecting the distance to the workpiece 2.

The power storage unit 1100 has a positive polarity and is provided inside the support part 101, and includes a first power storage unit 1120 electrically connected to the first conductive part 510; It includes a second power storage unit 1140 that has a negative polarity and is electrically connected to the first power storage unit 1120 and the second conductive part 520.

The first power storage unit 1120 includes a third insulator 1122 surrounding the outside and providing electrical insulation; A fourth insulator 1142 is provided that surrounds the second power storage unit 1140 on the outside and provides electrical insulation.

In these embodiments, the presence or absence of tool damage in a machine tool can be accurately determined based on the presence or absence of a change in power storage amount by using the principle of electricity conduction.

In these embodiments, the grounding is performed on the grounding part rather than the tool, and the presence or absence of an abnormality is determined by measuring the amount of power storage according to the contact between the tool and the workpiece, so external factors caused by cutting oil or chips generated during processing can be minimized. .

1 is a diagram showing a tool breakage detection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams of the operating state of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a diagram showing a tool breakage detection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is an operating state diagram of Figure 4.

The advantages and features of the present disclosure and methods for achieving them will become clear with reference to the embodiments described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and will be implemented in various different forms, but these embodiments only ensure that the disclosure of the present disclosure is complete and are within the scope of common knowledge in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains. It is provided to fully inform those who have the scope of the disclosure, and the disclosure is only defined by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

A component is said to be “connected to” or “coupled to” another component when it is directly connected or coupled to another component or with an intervening other component. Includes all cases. On the other hand, when one component is referred to as “directly connected to” or “directly coupled to” another component, it indicates that there is no intervening other component. “And/or” includes each and every combination of one or more of the mentioned items.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments and is not intended to limit the disclosure. As used herein, singular forms also include plural forms, unless specifically stated otherwise in the context. As used in the specification, “comprises.” and/or “comprising” means that a referenced component, step, operation and/or element does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps, operations and/or elements.

Although first, second, etc. are used to describe various components, these components are of course not limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one component from another.

A tool breakage detection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. For reference, Figure 1 attached is a diagram showing a tool breakage detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams of the operating state of Figure 1.

Referring to the attached FIGS. 1 to 3, the tool breakage detection device according to the first embodiment detects the amount of charge according to the presence or absence of an abnormality of the tool 10 while the workpiece 2 and the contact portion 100 are in direct contact, The current state of the tool 10 can be accurately determined through the control unit 300, which will be described later.

For this purpose, in this embodiment, the ground portion 50, which is maintained in a grounded state with the body of the machine tool equipped with the tool 10, faces each other on the left and right sides of the workpiece 2 to be processed by the tool 10. A pair of contact parts 100 equipped with power storage units 110 charged with different electrodes, and a charge amount sensing device that detects a change in the amount of charge generated when the tool 10 is in contact or non-contact with the workpiece 2. It includes a control unit 300 that determines whether there is an abnormality in the tool according to the charge amount detected by the unit 200 and the charge amount detection unit 200.

As an example, the machine tool is a CNC machine, but it may also be applied to other machine tools that use workpieces processed by tools.

In particular, in this embodiment, the grounding portion 50 is not grounded to the tool 10 but to the body, so that multiple tools are alternately exchanged and operated, or the presence or absence of damage to the corresponding tool is accurately determined and operated under working conditions in which a specific tool is used. Accuracy can be improved by recording.

As an example, the tool breakage detection device includes a support part 101 on the upper surface of a table, and a pair of contact parts 100 facing each other on the upper surface of the support part 101.

The contact portion 100 includes a first contact portion 102 in which one side facing the workpiece 2 is maintained in a contact and supported state, and the other side facing the workpiece 2 is selectively contacted and supported. , and includes a second contact portion 104 provided with a slide portion 125 to move forward or backward in the horizontal direction toward the workpiece 2.

The first contact portion 102 is maintained fixed to the upper surface of the support portion 101, and the second contact portion 104 moves toward the first contact portion 102 via the slide portion 125. Possibly installed.

The slide part 125 may be configured in either a manual or automatic manner in which the slide part 125 is manually moved by an operator to slide toward the first contact part 102.

The slide unit 125 may be a conventional electric slider or rail actuator.

The power storage unit 110 has a first power storage unit 112 that has positive polarity and extends a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the contact unit 100, and is located on the front surface of the first power storage unit 112, It includes a second power storage unit 114 that has a negative polarity and extends a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the contact unit 100.

Although the first and second power storage units 112 and 114 are shown in a single-layer form, they may also be composed of two or more layers forming a plurality of layers.

The position of the power storage unit 110 is not limited to the position shown in the drawing and may be changed in various ways.

The first power storage unit 112 and the second power storage unit 114 are provided with an insulator 116 on the outside for electrical insulation in order to more accurately measure the amount of charge.

The insulator 116 is not limited to a specific material and can be changed in various ways for stable insulation. Since the insulator 16 prevents errors from occurring in measuring the amount of charge through electrical insulation, it is possible to accurately measure the amount of charge and accurately determine whether the tool 10 is damaged or has an abnormality.

The first power storage unit 112 and the second power storage unit 114 are electrically connected via the support plate 101, and the amount of charge is sensed and measured through the charge amount detection unit 200.

The first and second power storage units 112 and 114 are connected as shown in the drawing according to their respective polarities, but they may also be connected in other ways.

When the workpiece 2 is fixed between the first power storage unit 112 and the second power storage unit 114 by the slide part 125, the contact state is maintained.

The principle of detecting whether the tool 10 is damaged is that the grounding unit 50 connected to the body of the machine tool equipped with the tool 10 is normally grounded, and the power storage unit 110 is insulated from the outside. Measured under maintained conditions.

The second contact portion 104 may be moved horizontally from the upper surface of the support plate 101 toward the first contact portion 102 by the slide portion 125, and the workpiece 2 may be moved to the first contact portion 102 by the slide portion 125. The distance between the contact parts 102 and 104 is adjusted to maintain a stable engagement using the slide part 125.

In this way, when the workpiece 2 is in contact between the first and second contact parts 102 and 104 and the engagement state is maintained, positive power is supplied to the first power storage unit 112 and the second power storage unit 114, respectively. and negative power is applied. And an electric field is formed between the first and second power storage units 112 and 114 to accumulate positive and negative charges.

And when the tool 10 comes into contact with the workpiece 2, electricity is applied and a predetermined amount of charge is measured in the charge amount detection unit 200.

If the tool 10 is in a normal state, the positive charge of the ground unit 50 passes through the tool 10 and the workpiece 12 and is supplied to the power storage unit 110 where the negative charge is distributed, and is combined with the negative charge. It is stored in the second power storage unit 114 to cancel out the negative charge. Then, the electric field between the first and second power storage units 112 and 114 decreases, causing a rapid decrease in power storage, and this change in charge amount is detected by the charge amount detection unit 200.

If the tool 10 is damaged during rotation, the contact with the workpiece 2 is released, the positive charge supplied from the ground unit 50 is blocked, the negative charge is not canceled out, and the first and second power storage units 112, 114) An electric field is formed again between them, accumulating positive and negative charges, increasing the overall amount of electricity stored.

The charge detection unit 200 detects a change in the power storage amount of the power storage unit 110 while machining is not completed and transmits the change to the control unit 300, and the control unit 300 determines the current tool 10 according to the changed charge amount. It is possible to determine whether the tool is operating normally or abnormally and whether the tool is damaged.

A tool breakage detection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Referring to the attached FIGS. 4 and 5, this embodiment includes a ground portion 50 that is maintained in a grounded state with the body of the machine tool equipped with the tool 10, and a workpiece to be processed by the tool 10. (2) are positioned facing each other and spaced apart from each other on the upper surface of the support part 101 in order to be selectively fixed or unfixed, and a conductive part 500 provided to conduct electrical current when in contact with the workpiece 2; , a pair of power storage units 1100 electrically connected to the conductive unit 500 and charged with different electrodes, and a change in the amount of charge generated when the tool 10 contacts or does not contact the workpiece 2. It includes a charge detection unit 200 that detects and a control unit 300 that determines whether there is an abnormality in the tool according to the charge amount detected by the charge detection unit 200.

In the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment described above, the power storage unit 1100 does not directly contact the workpiece 2, but the conductive unit 500 directly contacts the tool 10 to determine whether there is an abnormality. can do.

In this way, when the conductive portion 500 is in direct contact with the workpiece 2, damage is prevented because the power storage portion 1100 is not in close contact with the workpiece 2, and the workpiece 2 and the conductive portion 500 Even when there is strong contact, the amount of charge can be detected stably.

The conductive part 500 has a first conductive part 510 positioned facing the workpiece 2, and faces the first conductive part 510 and moves forward or backward in the horizontal direction toward the workpiece 2. It includes a second conductive part 520 provided with a slide part 526 to be moved.

Since the first and second conductive parts 510 and 520 are made of metal with high conductivity, when they come into contact with the workpiece 2, the amount of charge can be moved stably. In particular, since metal is used as a material, deformation or damage due to contact with the workpiece (2) is prevented as much as possible, allowing stable use even for long-term use.

The first conductive portion 510 is urged by a first elastic member (512) urging toward the workpiece 2, and the second conductive portion 520 is urged by a first elastic member 512 urging toward the workpiece 2. 2 It is supported by an elastic member (522).

The reason why the first and second elastic members 512 and 522 are used is that when they come into contact with the workpiece 2, the workpiece 2 and the first and second conductive parts 510 and 520 are connected with a predetermined force. They are engaged, and when the first and second conductive parts 510 and 520 are brought into maximum contact with the workpiece 2, the first and second elastic members 512 and 522 are connected to the first and second conductive parts 510 and 520. ) is pushed toward the workpiece 2. In this case, the first and second conductive parts 510 and 520 have improved adhesion to the workpiece 2, thereby improving electrical conductivity.

For example, the first and second elastic members 512 and 522 are springs, but they may be changed to other configurations that can press the first and second conductive parts 510 and 520 outward.

The conductive portion 500 includes a first insulator 514 that surrounds the first conductive portion 510 from the outside to ensure electrical insulation, and a first insulator 514 that surrounds the second conductive portion 520 from the outside to provide electrical insulation. A second insulator 524 is provided.

The first and second insulators 514 and 524 surround the conductive portion 500 as shown in the drawing for electrical insulation.

The slide unit 526 is equipped with a distance detection unit 526a for detecting the distance to the workpiece 2, and the distance detection unit 526a and the control unit 300 are connected to each other to detect the distance to the workpiece 2 ( 2) It is possible to maintain the correct bite condition.

The power storage unit 1100 has a positive polarity and is provided inside the support part 101, and a first power storage unit 1120 electrically connected to the first conductive part 510 and a negative polarity. It includes a second power storage unit 1140 that is electrically connected to the first power storage unit 1120 and the second conductive part 520.

Unlike the power storage unit 110 of the first embodiment described above, the power storage unit 1100 is built inside the support unit 101 and does not directly contact the workpiece 2, so accumulation and change in the amount of charge do not occur. It operates stably even in this case.

In particular, since it is not exposed to the outside and is located inside the support part 101, it is prevented from noise and damage.

The first power storage unit 1120 includes a third insulator 1122 that surrounds the outside of the first power storage unit 1120 and provides electrical insulation, and a fourth insulator 1142 that surrounds the second power storage unit 1140 on the outside and provides electrical insulation. is provided.

The third and fourth insulators 1122 and 1142 are configured as shown in the drawing to electrically insulate the first and second power storage units 1120 and 1140.

In this embodiment, the conductive portion 500 and the power storage portion 1100 are connected via a separate harness (H) so that the conductive portion 500 is electrically connected to the workpiece 2 when the conductive portion 500 contacts the workpiece 2. Electrical movement can be stably achieved with the power storage unit 1100.

The harness (H) may be composed of a single or plural harness and remains stably connected regardless of the moving distance when the slide unit 526 is operated.

When the slide part 526 is operated, the second conductive part 520 moves from the right to the left based on the drawing and comes into close contact with the workpiece 2, and the workpiece 2 is connected to the first and second conductive parts 510 and 520. ) is maintained in contact with the

The principle of detecting whether the tool 10 is damaged is that the ground unit 50 connected to the body of the machine tool equipped with the tool 10 is normally grounded, and the power storage unit 1100 is insulated from the outside. Measured under maintained conditions.

Since the first conductive portion 510 is supported by the first elastic member 512, the close contact state is stably maintained when in contact with the workpiece 2, and the second conductive portion 520 is also supported by the second elastic member. Since it is supported by 522, close contact with the workpiece 2 is maintained.

In this way, when the workpiece 2 is maintained in contact with the first and second conductive parts 510 and 520, the first power storage unit 1120 connected to the harness H and the second power storage unit ( Positive power and negative power are applied to 1140, respectively, and an electric field is formed between the first and second power storage units 1120 and 1140 to accumulate positive and negative charges.

And when the tool 10 comes into contact with the workpiece 2, electricity is applied and a predetermined amount of charge is measured in the charge amount detection unit 200.

If the tool 10 is in a normal state, the positive charge of the ground unit 50 passes through the tool 10 and the workpiece 12 and is supplied to the power storage unit 1100 where the negative charge is distributed, and is combined with the negative charge. It is stored in the second power storage unit 1140 to cancel out the negative charge. Then, the electric field between the first and second power storage units 1120 and 1140 decreases, causing a rapid decrease in power storage amount, and this change in charge amount is detected by the charge amount detection unit 200.

If the tool 10 is damaged during rotation, the contact with the workpiece 2 is released, the positive charge supplied to the power storage unit 1100 is blocked, the negative charge is not offset, and the first and second power storage units 1120, 1140), an electric field is formed again and positive and negative charges are stored, increasing the overall amount of stored electricity.

The charge detection unit 200 detects a change in the power storage amount of the power storage unit 1100 while machining is not completed and transmits the change to the control unit 300, and the control unit 300 determines the current tool 10 according to the changed charge amount. It is possible to determine whether the tool is operating normally or abnormally and whether the tool is damaged.

Above, an embodiment of the present invention has been described, but those skilled in the art can add, change, delete or add components without departing from the spirit of the present invention as set forth in the patent claims. The present invention may be modified and changed in various ways, and this will also be included within the scope of rights of the present invention.

10: tools
50: Ground section
100: contact part
102, 104: 1st and 2nd contact parts
110: power storage unit
112, 114: 1st and 2nd power storage units
116: insulator
200: charge detection unit
300: control unit
500: Conductive section
510, 520: 1st and 2nd conductive divisions
514, 516: 1st and 2nd insulators
1100: Power storage unit
1120, 1140: 1st and 2nd power storage units

Claims (13)

A grounding portion 50 that is maintained in a grounded state with the body of the machine tool equipped with the tool 10;
A pair of contact parts 100 facing each other on the left and right sides of the workpiece 2 to be processed by the tool 10 and provided with power storage parts 110 charged with different electrodes;
A charge detection unit 200 that detects a change in the amount of charge generated when the tool 10 contacts or does not contact the workpiece 2; and
It includes a control unit 300 that determines whether there is an abnormality in the tool according to the amount of charge detected by the charge amount detection unit 200,
The power storage unit 110 has a first power storage unit 112 that has positive polarity and extends a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the contact unit 100, and is located on the front surface of the first power storage unit 112, A tool breakage detection device including a second power storage unit (114) that has negative polarity and extends a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the contact unit (100). According to claim 1,
The contact portion 100 includes a first contact portion 102 on which one side facing the workpiece 2 is maintained in a contact and supported state;
The other side facing the workpiece 2 is selectively contacted and supported, and includes a second contact portion 104 provided with a slide portion 125 to move forward or backward in the horizontal direction toward the workpiece 2. Tool breakage detection device. delete According to claim 1,
A tool breakage detection device characterized in that the first power storage unit 112 and the second power storage unit 114 are surrounded on the outside by an insulator 116 for electrical insulation. According to clause 2,
A tool breakage detection device that maintains an electrical connection when the workpiece (2) is fixed between the first power storage unit (112) and the second power storage unit (114) by the slide unit (125). According to clause 5,
The slide unit 125 is a tool breakage detection device that operates in either a manual or automatic manner. A grounding portion 50 that is maintained in a grounded state with the body of the machine tool equipped with the tool 10;
The workpieces 2 to be processed by the tool 10 are positioned facing each other and spaced apart from each other on the upper surface of the support portion 101 in order to be selectively fixed or unfastened, and electrical current is applied when contacting the workpiece 2. A conductive portion 500 provided to be formed;
A pair of power storage units 1100 electrically connected to the conductive unit 500 and charged with different electrodes;
A charge detection unit 200 that detects a change in the amount of charge generated when the tool 10 contacts or does not contact the workpiece 2; and
It includes a control unit 300 that determines whether there is an abnormality in the tool according to the amount of charge detected by the charge amount detection unit 200,
The conductive part 500 has a first conductive part 510 positioned facing the workpiece 2, and faces the first conductive part 510 and moves forward or backward in the horizontal direction toward the workpiece 2. It includes a second conductive part 520 provided with a slide part 526 to be moved,
The conductive portion 500 includes a first insulator 514 that surrounds the first conductive portion 510 from the outside to ensure electrical insulation, and a first insulator 514 that surrounds the second conductive portion 520 from the outside to provide electrical insulation. A tool breakage detection device provided with a second insulator 524. delete According to clause 7,
The first conductive portion 510 is pushed by a first elastic member 512 that pushes toward the workpiece 2,
A tool breakage detection device, characterized in that the second conductive portion (520) is urged by a second elastic member (522) that pushes toward the workpiece (2). delete According to clause 7,
A tool breakage detection device, characterized in that the slide unit 526 has a built-in distance detection unit 526a for detecting the distance to the workpiece 2. According to clause 7,
The power storage unit 1100 has a positive polarity and is provided inside the support part 101, and includes a first power storage unit 1120 electrically connected to the first conductive part 510;
A tool breakage detection device including a second power storage unit (1140) that has a negative polarity and is electrically connected to the first power storage unit (1120) and the second conductive part (520). According to claim 12,
The first power storage unit 1120 includes a third insulator 1122 surrounding the outside and providing electrical insulation;
A tool breakage detection device provided with a fourth insulator (1142) that surrounds the second power storage unit (1140) from the outside and provides electrical insulation.