KR102654341B1 - manufacturing method of artificial leather impregnated with polyurethane dispersion - Google Patents
manufacturing method of artificial leather impregnated with polyurethane dispersion Download PDFInfo
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- KR102654341B1 KR102654341B1 KR1020180115613A KR20180115613A KR102654341B1 KR 102654341 B1 KR102654341 B1 KR 102654341B1 KR 1020180115613 A KR1020180115613 A KR 1020180115613A KR 20180115613 A KR20180115613 A KR 20180115613A KR 102654341 B1 KR102654341 B1 KR 102654341B1
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- artificial leather
- nonwoven fabric
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- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229920003009 polyurethane dispersion Polymers 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000002996 emotional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000986 disperse dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008570 general process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using flocked webs or pile fabrics upon which a resin is applied; Teasing, raising web before resin application
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0059—Organic ingredients with special effects, e.g. oil- or water-repellent, antimicrobial, flame-resistant, magnetic, bactericidal, odour-influencing agents; perfumes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
- D06N2211/28—Artificial leather
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 감성품질이 향상된 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 수분산 폴리우레탄 함침 전 전처리 단계에서 고검화도 폴리비닐알코올 및 유연제를 함께 사용하여, 고검화도 폴리비닐알코올에 의해 수분산 폴리우레탄 함침공정에서 섬유에서 폴리비닐알코올의 탈락이 억제되어 일부 비접착 구조를 형성하고 유연제에 의해 섬유 전체에 유연성을 부여하므로, 부직포를 구성하는 섬유의 자유도가 향상되어 감성품질이 향상되는 것이 가능해진다.
또한, 상기 전처리 공정에서 고분자 바인더를 더 첨가하여 부직포를 구성하는 섬유에 막을 형성하여 연삭에 의해 균일한 기모를 형성하는 것이 가능해진다.
또한, 별도의 유연제 처리 후가공이 필요하지 않아 제조 공정과 설비가 간소화되는 것이 가능해진다. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing artificial leather impregnated with water-dispersed polyurethane with improved emotional quality, using high saponification polyvinyl alcohol and a softener together in the pretreatment step before impregnation with water-disperse polyurethane. In the water-dispersed polyurethane impregnation process, the falloff of polyvinyl alcohol from the fiber is suppressed, forming a partially non-adhesive structure, and flexibility is given to the entire fiber by the softener, thereby improving the degree of freedom of the fibers that make up the nonwoven fabric and improving emotional quality. It becomes possible to become
In addition, in the pretreatment process, a polymer binder is added to form a film on the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric, making it possible to form a uniform brush by grinding.
In addition, since separate post-softening agent treatment is not required, the manufacturing process and equipment can be simplified.
Description
본 발명은 감성품질이 향상된 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing artificial leather impregnated with water-dispersed polyurethane with improved emotional quality.
인공피혁의 일반적인 제조방법은, 해도형 극세사를 니들펀칭 등의 부직포 제조공정을 통하여 부직포를 형성하고, 고분자 탄성체를 부여한 후, 해성분을 적절한 용매를 이용하여 용출함으로써 극세화를 한 후, 표면 기모를 형성하고, 원하는 색상으로 염색하고, 기능성을 부여하기 위한 목적으로 후가공을 하는 것이다. The general manufacturing method of artificial leather is to form a non-woven fabric using sea-island-shaped microfibers through a non-woven fabric manufacturing process such as needle punching, apply a polymer elastic body, make it ultrafine by eluting the sea components using an appropriate solvent, and then brush the surface. is formed, dyed in the desired color, and post-processed for the purpose of imparting functionality.
이러한 인공피혁의 제조에 있어, 고감성, 고물성의 품질을 발현하기 위하여 다양한 공정 기술들이 개발되어 오고 있는데, 최근 세계적 친환경 추세에 따라 고분자 탄성체를 부여할 때에 수분산 폴리우레탄(PolyUrethane Dispersion, PUD)의 적용이 활발해지고 있다. In the production of artificial leather, various process technologies have been developed to achieve high sensitivity and high physical properties. In accordance with the recent global eco-friendly trend, polyurethane (PolyUrethane Dispersion, PUD) is used to provide polymer elastic. Application of is becoming more active.
그런데 PUD가 적용된 인공피혁은 PU 함침 후 PU와 섬유 사이에 직접적인 접착구조가 형성되므로 섬유 및 PU의 구조가 경직되고 섬유의 자유도가 감소하고 딱딱해지고 꺾임에 의한 오렌지 필(Orange peel)의 발생으로 외관에서 인공피혁의 감성품질이 저하된다. However, in artificial leather to which PUD is applied, a direct adhesive structure is formed between PU and fiber after PU impregnation, so the structure of the fiber and PU becomes rigid, the degree of freedom of the fiber decreases, and the appearance of orange peel occurs due to hardening and bending. The emotional quality of artificial leather deteriorates.
이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 폴리비닐알코올(PVA) 등과 같은 일반적으로 사용되는 전처리용 호제를 이용하여 섬유를 코팅한 후에 PUD를 함침시킴으로써 섬유와 PU 사이에 직접적인 접착구조를 제어하는 기술이 적용되고 있다. To solve this problem, a technology is being applied to control the direct adhesive structure between the fiber and PU by coating the fiber with a commonly used pretreatment size such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and then impregnating it with PUD.
그러나 PVA와 같은 호제는 대부분이 수용성이므로 PUD 함침할 때에 용해되어 호제가 추출되어 접착구조를 제어하지 못하는 문제점이 있다. However, since most of the sizing agents such as PVA are water-soluble, there is a problem in that the adhesive structure cannot be controlled because the sizing agent is dissolved and extracted during PUD impregnation.
한편, 부가적인 유연성을 향상하기 위해 후가공 공정에서 유연제를 이용한 유연처리나 텀블링과 같은 물리적인 후가공을 실시할 수도 있으나, 이는 추가적인 가공공정을 거쳐야 하는 문제점이 있다. Meanwhile, in order to improve additional flexibility, physical post-processing such as softening using a softener or tumbling may be performed in the post-processing process, but this has the problem of requiring additional processing processes.
본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, PUD 함침 인공피혁을 제조할 때에, 함침 공정 이전의 공정을 개선하여 간소화된 공정으로 유연성 및 감성 품질이 향상된 인공피혁의 제조방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and when manufacturing PUD-impregnated artificial leather, the purpose is to provide a method for manufacturing artificial leather with improved flexibility and emotional quality through a simplified process by improving the process before the impregnation process. do.
상기 과제를 해결하기 위해, 본 발명은, 해도형 복합섬유로 구성된 부직포를 수분산 폴리우레탄에 침지하여 함침시키고, 상기 해도형 복합섬유의 해성분을 용출시키고, 상기 부직포의 표면에 기모를 형성하고, 상기 부직포를 염색하는 단계를 포함한 인공피혁의 제조방법에 있어서, 상기 함침 이전에 검화도가 90.0~99.9%인 폴리비닐알코올 및 실리콘계 유연제를 포함한 전처리액으로 상기 부직포에 패딩하는 함침전 전처리 단계를 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁의 제조방법을 제공한다. In order to solve the above problem, the present invention impregnates a nonwoven fabric composed of island-in-the-sea composite fibers by immersing it in water-dispersed polyurethane, eluting the sea components of the island-in-the-sea composite fibers, and forming a brush on the surface of the nonwoven fabric. , In the method of manufacturing artificial leather including the step of dyeing the non-woven fabric, the pre-impregnation pre-treatment step of padding the non-woven fabric with a pre-treatment solution containing polyvinyl alcohol and a silicone-based softener with a saponification degree of 90.0 to 99.9% before the impregnation. A method for manufacturing artificial leather impregnated with water-dispersible polyurethane is provided.
한편, 본 발명은, 부직포에 수분산 폴리우레탄을 함침하기 전에, 검화도가 90.0~99.9%인 폴리비닐알코올 및 실리콘계 유연제를 포함한 전처리액으로 해도형 복합섬유로 구성된 부직포에 패딩하는 함침전 전처리 단계를 수행하여 제조된 부직포에 의해, 실리콘계 유연제를 함유한 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁을 제공한다.Meanwhile, the present invention is a pre-impregnation pretreatment step of padding a nonwoven fabric composed of sea-island composite fibers with a pretreatment solution containing polyvinyl alcohol and a silicone-based softener with a saponification degree of 90.0 to 99.9% before impregnating the nonwoven fabric with water-dispersed polyurethane. Provided is artificial leather impregnated with water-dispersed polyurethane containing a silicone-based softener by using a non-woven fabric manufactured by performing.
본 발명에 따르면, PUD 함침 전 전처리 단계에서 고검화도 PVA 및 유연제를 함께 사용하여, 고검화도 PVA에 의해 PUD 함침공정에서 섬유에서 PVA의 탈락이 억제되어 일부 비접착 구조를 형성하고 유연제에 의해 섬유 전체에 유연성을 부여하므로, 부직포를 구성하는 섬유의 자유도가 향상되어 감성품질이 향상되는 것이 가능해진다. According to the present invention, high saponification PVA and a softener are used together in the pretreatment step before PUD impregnation, and the high saponification PVA suppresses the falling off of PVA from the fiber during the PUD impregnation process, forming a partial non-adhesive structure and softening the entire fiber by the softener. By providing flexibility, the degree of freedom of the fibers that make up the nonwoven fabric is improved, making it possible to improve emotional quality.
또한, 상기 전처리 공정에서 고분자 바인더를 더 첨가하여 부직포를 구성하는 섬유에 막을 형성하여 연삭에 의해 균일한 기모를 형성하는 것이 가능해진다. In addition, in the pretreatment process, a polymer binder is added to form a film on the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric, making it possible to form a uniform brush by grinding.
또한, 별도의 유연제 처리 후가공이 필요하지 않아 제조 공정과 설비가 간소화되는 것이 가능해진다. In addition, since separate post-softening agent treatment is not required, the manufacturing process and equipment can be simplified.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 인공피혁의 강연도를 측정하는 장치의 모식도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 인공피혁의 기모 균일도를 측정하는 방법의 모식도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 인공피혁의 기모 균일도의 평가 단위(MIU)에 대한 개념을 나타내는 그림이다.Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for measuring the stiffness of artificial leather according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring the brush uniformity of artificial leather according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a diagram showing the concept of the evaluation unit (MIU) of the brush uniformity of artificial leather according to an embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명은 해도형 복합섬유로 구성된 부직포를 수분산 폴리우레탄에 침지하여 함침시키고, 상기 해도형 복합섬유의 해성분을 용출시키고, 상기 부직포의 표면에 기모를 형성하고, 상기 부직포를 염색하는 단계를 포함한 인공피혁의 제조방법에 있어서, 상기 함침 이전에 폴리비닐알코올 및 실리콘계 유연제를 포함한 전처리액으로 상기 부직포에 패딩하는 함침전 전처리 단계를 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention includes the steps of impregnating a nonwoven fabric composed of island-in-the-sea composite fibers by immersing it in water-dispersed polyurethane, eluting the sea components of the island-in-the-sea composite fibers, forming a brush on the surface of the nonwoven fabric, and dyeing the nonwoven fabric. In the method of manufacturing artificial leather, the artificial leather impregnated with water-dispersed polyurethane is characterized in that a pre-impregnation pre-treatment step of padding the non-woven fabric with a pre-treatment solution containing polyvinyl alcohol and a silicone-based softener is performed before the impregnation. It is about manufacturing method.
본 발명의 폴리비닐알코올은, 폴리비닐알코올의 일반적인 검화도(약 85%)보다 높은 검화도를 가지는 것을 사용한다. 이에 의해 폴리비닐알코올의 분자량이 커져 물리적 성질이 우수하고 건조할 때에 부직포의 표면으로 이동하는 현상(Migration)의 발생이 억제되고 부직포에서 폴리우레탄의 균일한 분포를 형성한다. 이에 따라 균일하게 분포된 폴리비닐알코올에 의해 폴리우레탄과 섬유의 비접착 구조가 형성될 수 있다. The polyvinyl alcohol of the present invention has a higher degree of saponification than the general degree of saponification of polyvinyl alcohol (about 85%). As a result, the molecular weight of polyvinyl alcohol increases, resulting in excellent physical properties, suppressing migration to the surface of the nonwoven fabric when drying, and forming a uniform distribution of polyurethane in the nonwoven fabric. Accordingly, a non-adhesive structure between polyurethane and fiber can be formed by uniformly distributed polyvinyl alcohol.
이때 폴리비닐알코올의 검화도는 90.0~99.9%의 범위인 것을 사용하는데, 폴리비닐알코올의 함량이 90.0% 미만이면 수분산 폴리우레탄을 함침하는 공정에서 폴리비닐알코올이 추출되어 섬유로부터 탈락이 되어 수분산 폴리우레탄과 섬유 사이에 직접적인 접착구조를 제어하지 못하여 감성품질이 저하되며, 99.9%를 초과하면 폴리비닐알코올이 고점도화되어 유동성이 저하되어 전처리액으로 부직포를 처리하기 어려운 문제점이 있다. At this time, the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol is used in the range of 90.0~99.9%. If the polyvinyl alcohol content is less than 90.0%, polyvinyl alcohol is extracted during the process of impregnating water-dispersed polyurethane and falls off from the fiber, causing water damage. Sensitivity quality deteriorates due to the inability to control the direct adhesion structure between the dispersed polyurethane and the fiber, and when it exceeds 99.9%, the polyvinyl alcohol becomes highly viscous and its fluidity deteriorates, making it difficult to treat non-woven fabric with a pretreatment solution.
본 발명의 실리콘계 유연제는 실리콘 에멀젼, 자기유화형 실리콘 등이 있는데, 부직포를 구성하는 섬유를 부드럽게 하여 마찰계수가 저하되고 유연성이 부여된다. Silicone-based softeners of the present invention include silicone emulsion and self-emulsifying silicone, which soften the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric, lowering the coefficient of friction and providing flexibility.
이러한 실리콘계 유연제를 수분산 폴리우레탄을 함침시키기 전에 섬유에 부여함으로써, 일반적인 공정에서는 폴리우레탄과 섬유의 계면 사이에 유연제 처리가 불가능 했던 것과 비교하여, 섬유 표면 전체에 유연 성분의 도포가 가능해진다. By applying this silicone-based softener to the fiber before impregnating the water-dispersed polyurethane, it becomes possible to apply the softening component to the entire surface of the fiber, compared to the general process where softener treatment was not possible between the interface between polyurethane and the fiber.
이에 의해 섬유가 유연해지는 효과가 극대화되므로, 폴리비닐알코올로 전처리되고 수분산 폴리우레탄으로 함침되어도 섬유의 자유도를 향상시켜, 딱딱하게 하지 않아 감성품질이 향상될 수 있다. As a result, the effect of making the fiber flexible is maximized, so even if it is pretreated with polyvinyl alcohol and impregnated with water-dispersed polyurethane, the degree of freedom of the fiber is improved, and the emotional quality can be improved without making it hard.
또한, 후가공 유연화 처리 공정이 생략될 수 있다. Additionally, the post-processing softening process can be omitted.
상기 전처리액은 폴리비닐알코올의 함량은 1~20 중량%이면서 실리콘계 유연제의 함량은 1~10 중량%이며 잔량의 물로 이루어진 것이 바람직하다. The pretreatment solution preferably contains 1 to 20% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 to 10% by weight of silicone-based softener, and the remaining amount of water.
폴리비닐알코올의 함량이 1 중량% 미만이면 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁에서 섬유의 자유도가 저하하여 딱딱해지므로 감성품질이 저하된다. If the polyvinyl alcohol content is less than 1% by weight, the degree of freedom of the fibers in artificial leather impregnated with water-dispersed polyurethane decreases and becomes hard, thereby deteriorating emotional quality.
20 중량%를 초과하면 폴리비닐알코올의 함량이 과다하여 수분산 폴리우레탄이 부직포에 침투가 어려워진다. 이로 인해 인공피혁에서 폴리우레탄의 함량이 감소하여 기모가 지저분하게 형성되는 문제가 있다. If it exceeds 20% by weight, the polyvinyl alcohol content is excessive, making it difficult for water-dispersed polyurethane to penetrate the nonwoven fabric. As a result, there is a problem in that the content of polyurethane in artificial leather decreases and the brush becomes messy.
실리콘계 유연제의 함량이 1 중량% 미만이면 인공피혁에서 유연 효과가 나타나지 않고 10 중량%를 초과하면 연삭에 의해 기모를 형성할 때에 기모의 상태가 불균일해져 외관이 지저분해져 감성품질이 저하되고 경제적으로도 바람직하지 않다. If the content of the silicone-based softener is less than 1% by weight, the softening effect does not appear in artificial leather, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, the condition of the brush becomes uneven when forming the brush by grinding, resulting in a dirty appearance, which reduces emotional quality and is economically unprofitable. Not desirable.
본 발명에서는 상기 실리콘계 유연제에 실리콘계 유연제 100 중량부 대비 0.1~5 중량부의 고분자 바인더를 더 첨가할 수 있다. In the present invention, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a polymer binder can be further added to the silicone-based softener based on 100 parts by weight of the silicone-based softener.
실리콘계 유연제가 부직포에서 슬립(slip)성을 향상시켜 부드러운 감성을 발현하지만, 연삭에 의해 기모를 형성할 때에 슬립성에 의해 기모가 불균일하게 짧아지거나 길어지게 형성되어 외관이 지저분해져 감성품질이 저하될 수 있다. Silicone-based softeners improve the slip properties of non-woven fabrics to create a soft feel, but when forming the brush by grinding, the brush may become unevenly shortened or long due to the slip properties, making the appearance messy and deteriorating the emotional quality. there is.
실리콘계 유연제에 첨가된 상기 고분자 바인더가 부직포에서 섬유에 막을 형성하는 것에 의해 강성을 부여하여 뻣뻣한 섬유를 제공한다. 이렇게 뻣뻣해진 섬유는 연삭할 때에 연마지에 의해 섬유가 단번에 용이하게 절삭되므로 균일한 기모를 얻는 것이 가능해진다. The polymer binder added to the silicone-based softener provides rigidity by forming a film on the fibers of the non-woven fabric, thereby providing stiff fibers. When grinding the fibers that have become stiff in this way, the fibers are easily cut off with abrasive paper in one go, making it possible to obtain uniform brushing.
이때 상기 고분자 바인더는 수분산 폴리우레탄 또는 아크릴레이트계 고분자인 것이 바람직하다. At this time, the polymer binder is preferably a water-dispersed polyurethane or acrylate-based polymer.
상기 함침에서 상기 부직포를 수분산 폴리우레탄(PUD)의 함량이 20~60 중량%인 함침용액에 10~30초간 침지한 후에 꺼내어 건조시켜 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 부직포를 제조한다. In the impregnation, the nonwoven fabric is immersed in an impregnation solution containing 20 to 60% by weight of water-dispersible polyurethane (PUD) for 10 to 30 seconds, then taken out and dried to produce a non-woven fabric impregnated with water-dispersible polyurethane.
이때 침지 시간이 30초를 초과하면 폴리비닐알코올이 수성 함침액에 추출될 수 있어 바람직하지 않다. At this time, if the immersion time exceeds 30 seconds, polyvinyl alcohol may be extracted into the aqueous impregnation liquid, which is not desirable.
이하에 본 발명을 실시예 및 비교예에 의해 구체적으로 설명한다. 단, 하기 실시예 및 비교예는 본 발명을 예시하기 위한 것일 뿐, 본 발명이 하기의 실시예에 의해 한정되는 것이 아니고, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 치환 및 균등한 타 실시예로 변경할 수 있음은 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어 명백할 것이다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by examples and comparative examples. However, the following examples and comparative examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited by the following examples, but substitutes and equivalent examples are provided without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be changed to .
[실시예 1] [Example 1]
1) 해도형 단섬유의 제조1) Manufacturing of sea-island staple fibers
도성분으로 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트를, 해성분으로 알칼리 가용성의 공중합 폴리에스테르를 원료로 하여, 상기 도성분 대 해성분이 70 대 30의 중량비가 되도록 복합방사하여 해도형 필라멘트를 제조하였다. A sea-island filament was manufactured using polyethylene terephthalate as the island component and alkali-soluble copolymerized polyester as the sea component, and composite spinning the island component to the sea component in a weight ratio of 70:30.
이어서 상기 해도형 필라멘트를 연신하고, 크림핑을 하고, 열고정을 한 후, 51mm로 절단하여 해도형 단섬유를 제조하였다. Then, the island-in-sea filament was drawn, crimped, heat-set, and cut to 51 mm to produce island-in-the-sea staple fibers.
2) 부직포의 제조2) Manufacturing of non-woven fabric
상기 해도형 단섬유를 카딩 공정 및 크로스 래핑 공정을 통해 다층의 웹을 형성한 후 니들펀칭을 실시하여 부직포를 제조하였다. The sea-island single fibers were formed into a multi-layer web through a carding process and a cross wrapping process, and then needle punching was performed to produce a nonwoven fabric.
이후 상기 부직포를 100℃의 물로 열수 수축시켜 섬유의 밀도가 높아진 부직포를 제조하였다. Afterwards, the nonwoven fabric was hydrothermally shrunk with water at 100°C to produce a nonwoven fabric with increased fiber density.
3) 탄성체 함침전 전처리 3) Pretreatment before elastomer impregnation
검화도가 99.5%인 PVA가 10 중량%, 실리콘계 유연제 8 중량% 및 잔량의 물로 이루어진 전처리액을 준비하였다. 10% by weight of PVA with a saponification degree of 99.5%, 8% by weight of silicone-based softener, and the remaining amount of water. A pretreatment solution was prepared.
상기 수축포를 상기 전처리액에 침지하고 꺼내어 건조시켜 패딩된 전처리액의 성분을 경화시켜 픽업(Pick-up)율 100%(부직포의 무게 대비)의 전처리된 부직포를 제조하였다. The shrink fabric was immersed in the pretreatment solution, taken out, dried, and the padded components of the pretreatment solution were cured to prepare a pretreated nonwoven fabric with a pick-up rate of 100% (relative to the weight of the nonwoven fabric).
4) 탄성체가 함침된 부직포의 제조 4) Production of nonwoven fabric impregnated with elastic material
이후 상기 부직포를 수분산 폴리우레탄(PUD)의 함량이 40 중량%인 수성 함침용액에 30초간 침지한 후에 꺼내어 건조시켜 PUD가 함침된 부직포를 제조하였다. Thereafter, the nonwoven fabric was immersed in an aqueous impregnation solution containing 40% by weight of water-dispersible polyurethane (PUD) for 30 seconds, then taken out and dried to prepare a nonwoven fabric impregnated with PUD.
5) 극세섬유화된 부직포의 제조5) Manufacturing of ultrafine fiberized nonwoven fabric
상기 부직포를 10 중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액으로 처리하여 해성분을 용출시킴으로써 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트 섬유의 극세섬유회된 부직포를 제조하였다.The nonwoven fabric was treated with an aqueous solution of caustic soda at a concentration of 10% by weight to elute the sea components, thereby producing a nonwoven fabric made of ultrafine fiber ash of polyethylene terephthalate fibers.
6) 기모 형성 및 열처리6) Brush formation and heat treatment
상기 부직포의 표면을 연삭을 통해 1.0mm의 인공피혁을 제조하고 140℃에서 4분간 열처리 공정을 거쳐 기모가 형성된 부직포를 제조하였다. 1.0 mm artificial leather was manufactured by grinding the surface of the non-woven fabric, and a non-woven fabric with brushing was manufactured through a heat treatment process at 140°C for 4 minutes.
5) 염색 5) Dyeing
상기 기모가 형성된 부직포를 분산 염료를 사용하여 고압 래피드 염색기에서 염색을 하고 환원 세정을 하였다. The brushed nonwoven fabric was dyed in a high-pressure rapid dyeing machine using a disperse dye and subjected to reduction cleaning.
[실시예 2] 내지 [실시예 4][Example 2] to [Example 4]
상기 실시예 1에서 전처리액을 하기 표 1에 나타낸 조건으로 변경한 것을 제외하고는, 실시예 1과 동일한 방법을 사용하여 인공피혁을 제조하였다.Artificial leather was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that the pretreatment solution in Example 1 was changed to the conditions shown in Table 1 below.
[비교예 1] 내지 [비교예 5][Comparative Example 1] to [Comparative Example 5]
상기 실시예 1에서 전처리액을 하기 표 1에 나타낸 조건으로 변경한 것을 제외하고는, 실시예 1과 동일한 방법을 사용하여 인공피혁을 제조하였다.Artificial leather was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that the pretreatment solution in Example 1 was changed to the conditions shown in Table 1 below.
상기 실시예 및 비교예에서 제조된 인공피혁에 대해 하기 평가방법에 따라 그 특성을 평가하여 그 결과를 하기 표 2에 나타내었다. The properties of the artificial leather manufactured in the above Examples and Comparative Examples were evaluated according to the following evaluation method, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
1. 강연도 1. Lecture
폭 25 mm, 길이 200 mm의 시험편을 준비한다.Prepare a test piece with a width of 25 mm and a length of 200 mm.
하기 도 1과 같은 측정장비를 이용하여, 한 끝이 45°의 경사면을 가지는 표면이 매끄러운 수평대 위에서 시험편과 동일한 크기의 누름판으로 시험편을 눌러 경사면의 방향으로 10 mm/초의 속도로 미끄러지게 하여, 시험편의 한 끝이 경사면과 접한 때의 다른 끝의 위치(B)를 측정하여, 하기 도 1에 나타낸 바와 같이 (A)와 (B)사이의 이동거리(mm)를 강연도로 나타낸다. Using the measuring equipment shown in Figure 1 below, the test piece is pressed with a pressure plate of the same size as the test piece on a horizontal board with a smooth surface having an inclined surface of 45° at one end and slid at a speed of 10 mm/sec in the direction of the inclined surface, When one end of the test piece is in contact with the inclined surface, the position (B) of the other end is measured, and the moving distance (mm) between (A) and (B) is expressed in degrees of deflection, as shown in Figure 1 below.
2. 정하중 신율 2. Static load elongation
폭 50mm, 길이 250mm의 시험편을 세로 및 가로 방향에서 각각 3매씩 취하여, 그 중앙부에 거리 100mm의 표선을 긋는다. 이것을 클램프 간격 150mm로 하여 말텐스 피로도 시험기에 장착하고, 천천히 78.4N(8 Kgf)의 하중(하부 클램프의 하중을 포함)을 건다. 하중을 건 그대로 10분간 방치하여 표선간 거리를 구한다. 다음에 시험편을 클램프에서 떼어내어 하중을 제거하고 편평한 대 위에 10분간 방치하여 표선간의 거리를 구한다(ℓ1). 정하중 신율은 다음과 같은 공식에 의하여 산출한다.Take three test pieces each with a width of 50 mm and a length of 250 mm in the vertical and horizontal directions, and draw a mark with a distance of 100 mm in the center. Mount this on the Maltense fatigue tester with a clamp spacing of 150mm, and slowly apply a load of 78.4N (8 Kgf) (including the load of the lower clamp). Leave the load on for 10 minutes and find the distance between the marked lines. Next, remove the test piece from the clamp, remove the load, and leave it on a flat table for 10 minutes to obtain the distance between the marked lines (ℓ1). Static load elongation is calculated using the following formula.
정하중 신율(%) = ℓ1 - 100Static load elongation (%) = ℓ1 - 100
3. 기모 균일성 3. Brush uniformity
표면 시험기(모델명 KES SE-SR Surface tester, KATO Tech.Co.Ltd., 일본)를 사용하여 마찰계수를 이용하여 측정한다. The friction coefficient is measured using a surface tester (model name: KES SE-SR Surface tester, KATO Tech.Co.Ltd., Japan).
마찰계수 측정방법은 하기 도 2와 같이 피아노선 10개를 요철을 위한 접촉자와 같게 만든 후 압축력 50 g을 가한 후 접촉자의 상하동을 측정하여 MIU(하기 도 3 참조)로 나타낸다.(조건은 Speed : 1.0mm/sec, Static load : 50g, Friction sensor : Wire임)The method of measuring the friction coefficient is to make 10 piano wires like contactors for unevenness as shown in Figure 2 below, apply a compressive force of 50 g, and measure the vertical movement of the contactors, which is expressed as MIU (see Figure 3 below). (Conditions are Speed: 1.0mm/sec, Static load: 50g, Friction sensor: Wire)
MIU(㎛) MD*2) Brush uniformity
MIU(㎛) MD*2)
단, 60mm 이하이면 탄성이 부족하다.
*2) 기모 균일성지수가 낮을수록 균일성이 우수해진다. *1) The lower the stiffness value, the softer it feels, and the higher it is, the stiffer it feels.
However, if it is less than 60mm, elasticity is insufficient.
*2) The lower the brush uniformity index, the better the uniformity.
상기 표 2로부터, 본 발명에 따른 실시예의 제품은 강연도, 저하중 신율 및 기모 균일성의 특성이 모두 우수한 균형을 이루고 있는 것이 확인된다. From Table 2 above, it is confirmed that the products of the examples according to the present invention have excellent balance in the characteristics of stiffness, low load elongation, and brush uniformity.
반면에 검화도가 낮은 PVA를 사용한 경우(비교예 4)에 강연도의 향상이 부족하여 섬유간 자유도에 의한 유동에 의해 감성품질이 향상되는 것이 미미하며, 유연제를 사용하지 않은 경우(비교예 2)에도 부드러움에 의해 감성품질이 향상되는 것이 미미해 지는 것이 확인된다. On the other hand, when PVA with a low degree of saponification was used (Comparative Example 4), the improvement in stiffness was insufficient and the improvement in emotional quality due to flow due to the degree of freedom between fibers was minimal, and when a softener was not used (Comparative Example 2 ), it is confirmed that the improvement in emotional quality due to softness becomes insignificant.
Claims (7)
상기 함침 이전에 검화도가 90.0~99.9%인 폴리비닐알코올, 실리콘계 유연제 및 고분자 바인더를 포함한 전처리액으로 상기 부직포에 패딩하는 함침전 전처리 단계를 실시하고,
상기 전처리액에서 폴리비닐알코올의 함량은 1~20 중량%이고 실리콘계 유연제의 함량은 1~10 중량%이고,
상기 전처리액에서 실리콘계 유연제 100 중량부 대비 0.1~5 중량부의 고분자 바인더를 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁의 제조방법. Artificial leather including the steps of impregnating a nonwoven fabric composed of island-in-the-sea composite fibers by immersing it in water-dispersed polyurethane, eluting the sea components of the island-in-the-sea composite fibers, forming a brush on the surface of the nonwoven fabric, and dyeing the nonwoven fabric. In the manufacturing method,
Before the impregnation, a pre-impregnation pretreatment step is performed in which the nonwoven fabric is padded with a pretreatment solution containing polyvinyl alcohol with a saponification degree of 90.0 to 99.9%, a silicone-based softener, and a polymer binder,
The content of polyvinyl alcohol in the pretreatment solution is 1 to 20% by weight, and the content of silicone-based softener is 1 to 10% by weight,
A method of manufacturing artificial leather impregnated with water-dispersed polyurethane, characterized in that 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a polymer binder is added to the pretreatment solution relative to 100 parts by weight of the silicone-based softener.
상기 침지는 10~30초간 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁의 제조방법. According to clause 1,
A method of manufacturing artificial leather impregnated with water-dispersible polyurethane, characterized in that the immersion is performed for 10 to 30 seconds.
상기 고분자 바인더는 수분산 폴리우레탄 또는 아크릴레이트계 고분자인 것을 특징으로 하는 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁의 제조방법. According to paragraph 1,
A method of manufacturing artificial leather impregnated with water-dispersible polyurethane, wherein the polymer binder is water-dispersible polyurethane or an acrylate-based polymer.
상기 전처리액에서 폴리비닐알코올의 함량은 1~20 중량%이고 실리콘계 유연제의 함량은 1~10 중량%이고,
상기 전처리액에서 실리콘계 유연제 100 중량부 대비 0.1~5 중량부의 고분자 바인더를 첨가하는 것인, 인공피혁. Before impregnating the nonwoven fabric with water-dispersed polyurethane, a pre-impregnation pretreatment step is performed to pad the nonwoven fabric composed of sea-island composite fibers with a pretreatment solution containing polyvinyl alcohol with a saponification degree of 90.0 to 99.9%, a silicone-based softener, and a polymer binder. The manufactured nonwoven fabric is impregnated with water-dispersed polyurethane containing a silicone-based softener,
The content of polyvinyl alcohol in the pretreatment solution is 1 to 20% by weight, and the content of silicone-based softener is 1 to 10% by weight,
Artificial leather, in which 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a polymer binder is added to the pretreatment solution relative to 100 parts by weight of the silicone-based softener.
상기 인공피혁은 강연도가 100㎜ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 수분산 폴리우레탄이 함침된 인공피혁. According to clause 6,
The artificial leather is impregnated with water-dispersible polyurethane, characterized in that the artificial leather has a rigidity of 100 mm or less.
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