KR20200114341A - Manufacturing method of artificial leather - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of artificial leather Download PDFInfo
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- KR20200114341A KR20200114341A KR1020190035924A KR20190035924A KR20200114341A KR 20200114341 A KR20200114341 A KR 20200114341A KR 1020190035924 A KR1020190035924 A KR 1020190035924A KR 20190035924 A KR20190035924 A KR 20190035924A KR 20200114341 A KR20200114341 A KR 20200114341A
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- nonwoven fabric
- artificial leather
- elution
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- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 51
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002996 emotional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using flocked webs or pile fabrics upon which a resin is applied; Teasing, raising web before resin application
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
- D06B19/0005—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials
- D06B19/0029—Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials by steam
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0065—Organic pigments, e.g. dyes, brighteners
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
- D06N3/0075—Napping, teasing, raising or abrading of the resin coating
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
- D06N3/0081—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments by wave energy or particle radiation
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
- D06N2211/28—Artificial leather
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 고급스러운 감촉으로 우수한 그립(grip)감과 표면의 기모 상태를 풍성하게 나타내기 위한 인공피혁의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing artificial leather for richly expressing an excellent grip feeling and a raised state of the surface with a luxurious touch.
인공피혁은 극세섬유가 3차원적으로 교락되어 형성된 부직포에 고분자 탄성체가 함침되어 이루어진 것으로서, 천연 피혁과 유사한 부드러운 질감 및 독특한 외관을 보유하여, 신발, 의류, 장갑, 잡화, 가구, 및 자동차 내장재 등과 같은 다양한 분야에 널리 이용되고 있다. Artificial leather is made by impregnating a polymeric elastomer in a nonwoven fabric formed by three-dimensional entanglement of ultrafine fibers, and has a soft texture and unique appearance similar to that of natural leather, so it is suitable for shoes, clothes, gloves, miscellaneous goods, furniture, and automobile interior materials. It is widely used in various fields such as.
최근 고급화된 자동차 내장재로 스웨이드조 인공피혁의 수요가 높아짐에 따라 자동차 내장재 용도의 소재에 대한 고급스러운 감촉과 그립감이 요구되고 있다. Recently, as the demand for suede-like artificial leather as a high-end automobile interior material is increasing, a luxurious texture and a sense of grip are required for materials used for automobile interior materials.
특히 자동차의 시트 및 센터 콘솔(center console), 도어 트림(door trim) 등 탑승자가 직접 만지거나 신체와 접촉되는 부위에 사용되는 경우에, 손으로 만졌을 때 부드럽고 유연하면서 탄성이 있고 충진감(충실감)을 가지는 특성이 중요하기 때문에 스웨이드조 인공피혁의 소재에 대해서도 이를 충족하기 위한 감성적인 품질의 향상이 요구되고 있다. In particular, when used in parts that are directly touched or in contact with the body, such as seats, center consoles, and door trims of automobiles, it is soft and flexible when touched with hands, and has a feeling of filling. Because the characteristic having) is important, there is a demand for improved emotional quality to satisfy the suede-like artificial leather material.
인공피혁의 일반적인 제조방법은, 해도형 섬유를 니들펀칭 등의 부직포 제조공정을 통하여 부직포를 형성하고, 고분자 탄성체를 부여한 후, 해성분을 적절한 용매를 이용하여 용출함으로써 극세화를 한 후, 부직포 표면에 기모를 형성하고, 원하는 색상으로 염색하고, 기능성을 부여하기 위한 목적으로 후가공을 하는 것이다(후용출공법). The general manufacturing method of artificial leather is to form a nonwoven fabric through a nonwoven fabric manufacturing process such as needle punching of sea-island fibers, and after adding a polymeric elastomer, eluting the sea component with an appropriate solvent to make the surface of the nonwoven fabric ultrafine. It is a post-processing for the purpose of forming a brush on the skin, dyeing it in a desired color, and imparting functionality (post-elution method).
또 다른 방법으로 상기 방법에서 상기 용출을 고분자 탄성체를 부여하기 전에 할 수 있다(선용출공법). As another method, in the above method, the elution may be performed before imparting the polymeric elastomer (pre-elution method).
후자의 경우에 부직포의 해도형 섬유를 고분자 탄성체를 부여하기 전에 우선 용출하여 극세화함에 따라, 용출시 섬유가 고온에 의해 수축이 이루어지므로 섬유의 밀도가 치밀해지는 효과가 있다. In the latter case, the island-in-the-sea fibers of the nonwoven fabric are first eluted to micronize before imparting a polymeric elastic body, so that the fibers shrink due to high temperatures during elution, thereby increasing the density of the fibers.
그러나 용출시 극세화되어 물리적으로 약해진 섬유가 제조공정의 경과에 따라 압착(숨이 죽는다는 표현)되어 최종 제품의 섬유밀도는 높아지나 섬유구조가 압착되어 종이와 같은(paper like) 느낌이 발생하고, 탄성이 부족해진다. 또한, 섬유의 압착으로 인해 섬유간 거동할 수 있는 자유도가 하락함에 따라 신율 등의 신축특성에서도 물성저하를 야기하게 된다.However, when eluted, the fibers that are physically weakened due to microfineness are compressed (expressed as breathing) as the manufacturing process progresses, increasing the fiber density of the final product, but the fiber structure is compressed, resulting in a paper-like feeling. , The elasticity becomes insufficient. In addition, as the degree of freedom to behave between fibers decreases due to compression of the fibers, physical properties such as elongation and other elastic properties decrease.
전자의 경우에 부직포에 먼저 폴리우레탄을 함침한 후 용출하여 극세화를 시키게 되면 섬유의 압착은 방지할 수 있으나, 해도사를 용출할 때 이미 도성분 주위에 폴리우레탄이 자리 잡고 있기 때문에 분섬(도성분 섬유가닥이 넓게 퍼지는 것)이 저하하므로, 부직포의 표면에서 기모의 다발이 뭉쳐진 형태로 형성하게 되어 외관품위가 저하되는 문제점이 있다. In the former case, if the nonwoven fabric is first impregnated with polyurethane and then eluted to make ultrafine fibers, compression of the fibers can be prevented.However, when the island-in-the-sea yarn is eluted, the polyurethane is already located around the island component. Since the fiber strands spread widely) decreases, there is a problem in that the appearance quality is deteriorated by forming a bundle of brushed hairs on the surface of the nonwoven fabric.
본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 딱딱해지지 않으면서도 충진감을 가져 우수한 그립감과 표면에 기모 상태를 풍성하게 나타나게 하기 위한 인공피혁의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다. The present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and to provide a method for manufacturing artificial leather to have an excellent grip feeling and a raised state on the surface without being hardened and having a feeling of filling.
상기 과제를 해결하기 위해, 본 발명은, 알칼리 가용성 해성분을 포함한 해도형 복합섬유로 부직포를 제조하는 단계; 상기 부직포를 알칼리 처리에 의해 상기 해도형 복합섬유의 해성분을 30~70중량% 용출하는 1차 용출 단계; 상기 부직포에 탄성체로 폴리우레탄을 침지하여 탄성체를 함침시키는 단계; 상기 부직포를 알칼리 처리에 의해 상기 해도형 복합섬유의 잔여 해성분을 용출하는 2차 용출 단계; 및 상기 부직포에 기모를 형성하고 염색하는 단계;를 포함한 인공피혁의 제조방법을 제공한다. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a nonwoven fabric from sea-island composite fibers containing an alkali-soluble sea component; A first elution step of eluting the sea component of the sea-island composite fiber in an amount of 30 to 70% by weight of the nonwoven fabric by alkali treatment; Impregnating the elastic body by immersing polyurethane with an elastic body in the nonwoven fabric; A secondary elution step of eluting the residual sea component of the sea-island composite fiber by alkali treatment of the nonwoven fabric; And it provides a method for manufacturing artificial leather comprising; forming and dyeing the brush on the nonwoven fabric.
본 발명에 따르면, 인공피혁의 제조 공정에서 탄성체 함침 전후에 선용출 및 후용출을 함으로써, 제조 공정 과정에서 부직포의 형태가 안정하게 유지되고, 섬유의 자유도가 증가하여 딱딱해지지 않으면서도 탄성체의 충실한 충진에 의해 인공피혁이 우수한 그립감을 나타내며, 섬유가 분섬화되어 인공피혁의 표면에서 기모 상태를 풍성하게 나타내는 것이 가능해진다. According to the present invention, by pre-eluting and post-eluting before and after impregnation of the elastic body in the manufacturing process of artificial leather, the shape of the nonwoven fabric is stably maintained during the manufacturing process, and the degree of freedom of the fibers increases, thereby faithfully filling the elastic body without becoming hard. As a result, the artificial leather exhibits an excellent grip, and the fibers become debris, making it possible to express a rich state of raising on the surface of the artificial leather.
또한, 선용출공법에 의해 야기되는 부직포의 형태 안정성의 저하를 방지하기 위해 선용출 후에 폴리비닐알코올 등과 같은 호제로 처리하는 공정이 생략되므로, 인공피혁 제조의 생산성을 향상하는 것이 가능해진다. In addition, in order to prevent the deterioration of the morphology stability of the nonwoven fabric caused by the pre-elution method, since the step of treating with a sizing agent such as polyvinyl alcohol or the like is omitted after pre-elution, it becomes possible to improve the productivity of artificial leather production.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 인공피혁의 표면과 단면의 SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) 사진이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 2차 용출을 위한 용출기의 모식도이다. 1 is a SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) photograph of the surface and cross section of an artificial leather according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic diagram of an elution machine for secondary elution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명은, 상기한 바와 같이 인공피혁의 일반적인 제조방법이 해도형 섬유의 해성분을 한 번에 용출시킴으로써 발생하는 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 고분자 탄성체인 폴리우레탄을 부직포에 함침시키기 전에 부직포를 구성하는 해도형 섬유에서 해성분의 30~70%를 1차 용출하고, 폴리우레탄을 함침시킨 이후에 해성분의 나머지를 2차 용출시키는 것에 의한 인공피혁의 제조방법이다. The present invention, as described above, is to solve the problem that occurs when the general manufacturing method of artificial leather elutes the sea component of the sea-island fiber at once, and constitutes a nonwoven fabric before impregnating the nonwoven fabric with polyurethane, which is a polymer elasticity. This is a method of manufacturing artificial leather by first eluting 30-70% of the sea component from the sea-island fiber and impregnating with polyurethane and then secondary eluting the remainder of the sea component.
상기 해도형 섬유는, 도성분으로 폴리에틸렌텔레프탈레이트(PET), 해성분으로 알칼리 가용성의 개질 폴리에스테르로 구성되는, 도성분과 해성분을 용융 복합방사하여 연신, 크림핑 및 열고정을 하고 적당한 길이로 컷팅을 하여 제조할 수 있다. The island-in-the-sea fiber is composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as an island component and an alkali-soluble modified polyester as the sea component, and is stretched, crimped and heat-set by melt-complex spinning the island component and the sea component. It can be manufactured by cutting.
상기 해도형 섬유는 용출에 의해 해성분이 제거되고 도성분에 의해 극세섬유가 되는데, 이 극세섬유의 섬도는 0.05 ~ 0.5 데니어인 것이 바람직하다.The sea-island fiber is removed from the sea component by elution and becomes a microfiber by the island component, and the fineness of the microfiber is preferably 0.05 to 0.5 denier.
상기 1차 용출에서 해성분의 일부만이 용출됨으로써 극세화가 완전히 이루어지지 않게 되고 잔여 해도형 섬유가 부직포의 형태를 좀 더 안정하게 고정시킬 수 있다. 이로 인해 이후의 인공피혁의 제조 공정을 거치는 동안 섬유의 압착현상의 발생이 감소하여 종이와 같이 딱딱해지는 감촉을 억제할 수 있다. In the first elution, only a part of the sea component is eluted, so that micro-fineization is not completely achieved, and the remaining sea-island fibers can more stably fix the shape of the nonwoven fabric. Due to this, the occurrence of compression of the fibers during the subsequent manufacturing process of artificial leather is reduced, thereby suppressing the texture that becomes hard like paper.
한편, 부직포에 탄성체가 함침된 후에 나머지 해성분을 용출함으로써, 부직포의 섬유 사이에 탄성체가 자리를 잡은 상태에서 나머지 해성분의 용출에 의해 공극이 생성된다. 이 공극으로 도성분이 분섬하고 이러한 분섬에 의해 부직포에서 섬유의 자유도도 증가한다. On the other hand, by eluting the remaining sea component after the nonwoven fabric is impregnated with the elastic body, voids are generated by elution of the remaining sea component while the elastic body is positioned between the fibers of the nonwoven fabric. The island component is divided by these voids, and the degree of freedom of the fibers in the nonwoven fabric is also increased by this division.
이로 인해 부직포의 섬유 구조가 벌키해지면서도 탄성체의 충진이 충실해짐에 따라 인공피혁을 손으로 잡을 경우에 부드럽고 탄력이 있는 고급스러운 촉감이 나타나면서도 충실감이 느껴지는 그립감이 나타나게 된다. As a result of this, as the fiber structure of the nonwoven fabric becomes bulky and the filling of the elastic body is enhanced, when the artificial leather is held by hand, a luxurious touch with soft and elasticity appears, and a grip feeling that is felt faithfully appears.
1차 용출에서 30% 미만으로 용출할 경우에, 잔존 미용출 해성분이 너무 많아지므로 충실감이 종래의 후용출공법에서와 같이 부족해지고, 섬유의 수축으로 인한 밀도의 증가가 억제되므로 치밀감이 저하되어 외관 품질이 나빠질 수 있으며, 70%를 초과하여 용출시킬 경우에, 종래의 선용출공법에서와 같이 종이와 같은 딱딱한 촉감이 발현될 수 있다. In the case of elution with less than 30% in the first elution, the remaining unreleased sea component becomes too much, so the feeling of fidelity becomes insufficient as in the conventional post-elution method, and the increase in density due to shrinkage of the fiber is suppressed, so the compactness decreases. As a result, the appearance quality may deteriorate, and in the case of elution exceeding 70%, a hard texture such as paper may be expressed as in the conventional pre-elution method.
1차 용출의 방법은, 부직포를 2∼5중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액에 침지하고, 50∼100℃의 분위기의 스팀 박스(steam box)에서 5∼10분간 증기로 처리하고, 가성소다를 세척하고, 건조하여 이루어질 수 있다. The first elution method is to immerse the nonwoven fabric in an aqueous caustic soda solution having a concentration of 2 to 5% by weight, treat it with steam for 5 to 10 minutes in a steam box in an atmosphere of 50 to 100°C, and wash the caustic soda. And it can be made by drying.
이때 스팀 박스에서 부직포를 컨베이어 벨트 위에 올려놓은 상태에서 처리하는 것이 장력이 최소화되므로 부직포의 형태안정성 유지를 위해 바람직하다. At this time, processing the nonwoven fabric in a state in which the nonwoven fabric is placed on the conveyor belt in the steam box is preferable to maintain the shape stability of the nonwoven fabric because the tension is minimized.
종래의 선용출공법은 부직포의 탄성체 함침 전에 극세섬유화가 되므로 부직포의 형태 안정성이 저하되어 선용출 이후에 폴리비닐알코올 등과 같은 호제로 처리하는 공정이 필요하다. In the conventional pre-elution method, since the nonwoven fabric becomes ultrafine fibers before impregnation of the elastic body, the morphological stability of the nonwoven fabric is deteriorated, and a process of treating with a size such as polyvinyl alcohol after pre-elution is required.
그러나 본 발명에서는 1차 용출 후에 해성분의 일부가 잔존하므로 부직포의 형태 안정성의 저하가 방지되어, 선용출 후에 폴리비닐알코올 등과 같은 호제로 처리하는 공정이 생략되고, 이로 인해 생산성의 향상이 가능하다.However, in the present invention, since a part of the sea component remains after the first elution, deterioration of the morphological stability of the nonwoven fabric is prevented, and the process of treating with a size agent such as polyvinyl alcohol after pre-elution is omitted, thereby improving productivity. .
고분자 탄성체인 폴리우레탄을 부직포에 함침할 때에 폴리우레탄은 통상의 것을 제한 없이 사용할 수 있는데, 유기용제인 디메틸포름아미드에 용해하는 것을 사용한다. When impregnating polyurethane, which is a high molecular elasticity, into a nonwoven fabric, conventional polyurethanes can be used without limitation, and those dissolved in dimethylformamide, an organic solvent, are used.
함침한 후 폴리우레탄의 비용제계나 비용제 및 용제혼합계에서 폴리우레탄을 응고시키고 60 내지 80℃의 열수에서 수세하고 건조하면 폴리우레탄 탄성체가 갖는 특유의 유연한 탄성, 치밀감 등이 발현된다. 이때 부여하는 폴리우레탄의 함량은 함침액의 농도, 패딩 롤의 간극, 처리할 부직포의 밀도 등에 따라 달라지므로 최종 기포의 요구특성에 적합하게 조절하는 것이 필요한데 대개 섬유중량 100부에 대해 35∼100 중량부로 하는 것이 바람직하다.After impregnation, when the polyurethane is solidified in a non-agent system or a non-agent and solvent mixture system of polyurethane, washed with hot water at 60 to 80°C and dried, the unique flexible elasticity and compactness of the polyurethane elastomer are expressed. At this time, the amount of polyurethane imparted varies depending on the concentration of the impregnating solution, the gap of the padding roll, and the density of the nonwoven fabric to be treated, so it is necessary to adjust it appropriately to the required characteristics of the final foam. It is desirable to make it negative.
상기 2차 용출은 1차 용출에서 용출되지 않은 해성분을 전부 용출하는 것이다. The second elution is to elute all sea components that are not eluted in the first elution.
2차 용출의 방법은, 용출기에서 부직포를 4∼10중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액에 침지하고, 가성소다의 세척과 함께 28~300kHz 범위의 고주파 처리를 하고, 건조하여 이루어질 수 있다. The method of secondary elution is to immerse the nonwoven fabric in an aqueous solution of caustic soda at a concentration of 4-10% by weight in an elution machine, and wash the caustic soda. High-frequency processing in the range of 28 to 300 kHz, It can be made by drying.
상기 용출기는 하기 도 2에 나타낸 바와 같은 와이드 플로우(wide flow) 용출기(통돌이 형식)를 사용할 수 있다. 와이드 플로우 용출기에서 부직포가 가성소다 수용액에 침지되었다가 꺼내지기를 수회 반복하므로, 부직포에 물리적인 전단력(shear)이 가해지고, 이로 인해 해성분이 완전히 용출되어 도성분에 의한 극세섬유가 용이하게 분섬화될 수 있다. As the eluent, a wide flow eluent (tongdol type) as shown in FIG. 2 may be used. Since the nonwoven fabric is immersed in the caustic soda aqueous solution in the wide flow elution machine and then removed several times, a physical shear force is applied to the nonwoven fabric, which completely elutes the sea component, making the ultrafine fibers by the island component easily powdered. Can be.
한편, 2차 용출에서 가성소다의 세척과 함께 고주파 처리를 함으로써 부직포에 강한 진동을 주게 되므로 극세섬유가 추가적으로 분섬화되어 최종제품인 인공피혁의 표면에서 기모 상태를 더 풍성하게 나타내는 것이 가능해진다. On the other hand, in the secondary elution, by performing high frequency treatment along with washing of caustic soda, strong vibration is given to the nonwoven fabric, so that the ultrafine fibers are additionally divided, making it possible to express the brushed state more abundantly on the surface of the final product, artificial leather.
다음에 이렇게 만들어진 부직포의 표면을 100 내지 150번의 사포를 이용하여 버핑하고, 다시 더욱 미세한 240 내지 360번의 사포를 이용하여 역방향으로 표면의 모우를 정돈한다. Next, the surface of the nonwoven fabric thus made is buffed using 100 to 150 sandpaper, and again, finer hair of the surface is arranged in the reverse direction using 240 to 360 sandpaper.
이와 같이 역방향으로 버핑을 하는 것에 의해 기모가 일어서는 방향을 갖게 되므로 표면에서 기모 상태를 더욱 풍성하게 나타내는 것이 가능해진다.By buffing in the reverse direction as described above, since the raising direction has been obtained, it becomes possible to more abundantly express the raising state on the surface.
이하, 본 발명을 하기의 실시예 및 비교예에 의거하여 좀 더 상세하게 설명한다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the following Examples and Comparative Examples.
단, 하기의 실시예는 본 발명을 예시하기 위한 것일 뿐, 본 발명이 하기 실시예에 의해 한정되는 것이 아니고, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 치환 및 균등한 타 실시예로 변경할 수 있음은 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어서 명백할 것이다.However, the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited by the following examples, and can be substituted and equivalent to other examples within the scope not departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.
[실시예 1][Example 1]
주성분인 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트에 금속설포네이트가 함유된 폴리에스테르 단위가 5 몰% 공중합된 알칼리 이용해성 공중합 폴리에스테르의 해성분과 상기 해성분 내에 분산 배열된 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트 수지의 도성분으로 구성된 해도형 복합섬유를 50mm의 길이로 절단하여 단섬유화하고 개섬, 카딩 및 크로스 래핑 공정을 거쳐 해도형 복합 단섬유의 적층웹을 제조한 후, 이를 니들펀칭하여 해도형 복합섬유의 부직포를 제조하였다. Sea-island composite fiber composed of a sea component of an alkali-soluble copolymer polyester in which 5 mol% of a polyester unit containing a metal sulfonate is copolymerized with polyethylene terephthalate as a main component and an island component of polyethylene terephthalate resin dispersed in the sea component Was cut into a length of 50 mm to form short fibers, and a laminated web of island-in-the-sea composite short fibers was prepared through opening, carding, and cross-wrapping processes, and then needle punched to prepare a nonwoven fabric of island-in-the-sea composite fibers.
이때 상기 해도형 복합섬유에서 해성분은 30중량%, 도성분은 70중량%가 되도록 하였다. At this time, in the sea-island composite fiber, the sea component was 30% by weight, and the island component was 70% by weight.
이후에 상기 부직포를 3중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액에 침지하고, 70℃의 분위기의 스팀 박스(steam box)에서 5분간 증기로 처리하고, 가성소다를 세척하고, 건조하여 해성분의 50중량%를 1차 용출하였다. Thereafter, the nonwoven fabric was immersed in an aqueous caustic soda solution having a concentration of 3% by weight, treated with steam for 5 minutes in a steam box at 70°C, washed and dried to 50% by weight of the sea component. Was eluted first.
이후에 상기 부직포를 폴리우레탄의 함침량이 30중량%가 되도록 폴리우레탄의 DMF용액으로 함침하고 물에 응고시킨 후 수세하고 건조하였다.Thereafter, the nonwoven fabric was impregnated with a DMF solution of polyurethane so that the amount of polyurethane impregnated was 30% by weight, solidified in water, washed with water, and dried.
다음에 용출기에 부직포를 8중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액에 침지하고, 가성소다를 세척하고, 건조하여 해성분을 완전히 용출하는 2차 용출을 하였다. Next The nonwoven fabric was immersed in an aqueous solution of caustic soda having a concentration of 8% by weight in an eluent, and the caustic soda was washed and dried to perform secondary elution to completely elute the sea component.
2차 용출에 의한 극세섬유의 섬도는 0.15 데니어이었다. The fineness of the ultrafine fibers by secondary elution was 0.15 denier.
다음에 부직포를 사포를 이용하여 표면에 기모를 형성한 후, 염색, 후가공을 하여 인공피혁을 제조하였다. Next, the nonwoven fabric was brushed on the surface using sandpaper, and then dyed and post-processed to produce artificial leather.
[실시예 2] [Example 2]
상기 실시예 1의 1차 용출에서 해성분의 65 중량%를 용출한 것을 제외하고는 실시예 1과 동일한 방법을 사용하여 인공피혁을 제조하였다. An artificial leather was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 65% by weight of the sea component was eluted in the first elution of Example 1.
[실시예 3] [Example 3]
상기 실시예 1의 2차 용출에서 하기 도 2와 같은 용출기에 부직포를 8중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액에 침지하였다가 꺼내기를 수회 반복하고, 가성소다의 세척과 함께 40kHz의 고주파 처리를 하고, 건조하여 해성분을 완전히 용출하는 2차 용출을 한 것을 제외하고는, 실시예 1과 동일한 방법을 사용하여 인공피혁을 제조하였다. In the second elution of Example 1, the nonwoven fabric was immersed in an aqueous solution of caustic soda having a concentration of 8% by weight in an eluent as shown in FIG. 2, and then removed several times, along with washing of the caustic soda. 40kHz high-frequency processing, An artificial leather was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the secondary elution was performed to completely elute the sea component by drying.
[비교예 1][Comparative Example 1]
상기 실시예 1의 1차 용출에서 1중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액으로 패딩하여 해성분의 20중량%를 1차 용출한 것을 제외하고는, 실시예 1과 동일한 방법을 사용하여 인공피혁을 제조하였다. In the first elution of Example 1, an artificial leather was prepared using the same method as in Example 1, except that 20% by weight of the sea component was first eluted by padding with an aqueous caustic soda solution having a concentration of 1% by weight. .
[비교예 2][Comparative Example 2]
상기 실시예 1의 1차 용출에서 6중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액으로 패딩하여 해성분의 75중량%를 1차 용출한 것을 제외하고는, 실시예 1과 동일한 방법을 사용하여 인공피혁을 제조하였다. In the first elution of Example 1, an artificial leather was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 75% by weight of the sea component was first eluted by padding with an aqueous solution of caustic soda at a concentration of 6% by weight. .
상기 실시예 및 비교예의 인공피혁에 대해 하기의 방법으로 그 특성을 평가하고 그 결과를 표 1에 나타내었다. The properties of the artificial leathers of Examples and Comparative Examples were evaluated by the following method, and the results are shown in Table 1.
1. 부직포에서 섬유의 밀도 및 분섬도 1. Density and fineness of fibers in nonwoven fabrics
인공피혁의 표면과 단면을 SEM으로 관찰하여 그 사진을 하기의 도 1에 나타내었다. The surface and cross section of the artificial leather were observed with SEM, and the photographs are shown in FIG. 1 below.
실시예 1의 인공피혁이 비교예의 것과 비교하여 표면에서 분섬도가 좀 더 높고 단면에서 극세섬유의 뭉침이 덜하여 자유도가 높고 이에 따라 벌키해지는 것이 확인된다. It is confirmed that the artificial leather of Example 1 has a higher degree of fineness on the surface and less agglomeration of the microfibers in the cross section compared to that of the Comparative Example, thereby increasing the degree of freedom and thus becoming bulky.
2. 유연성(softness, 부드러움, 단위: mm)2. Flexibility (softness, unit: mm)
ST-300 피혁 소프트니스(softness) 측정기를 사용하여 인공피혁의 유연성을 측정한다. 소프트니스(softness) 측정길이가 길수록 유연성이 우수하다. The flexibility of artificial leather is measured using the ST-300 leather softness meter. The longer the softness measurement length, the better the flexibility.
소프트니스가 4.0 이상이면 매우 부드러운 수준이고, 3.5 이하이면 종이와 같은 느낌을 나타내는 수준이다. If the softness is 4.0 or higher, it is very soft, and if it is 3.5 or lower, it is a paper-like level.
3. 경도(벌키성)3. Hardness (bulky)
Shore A type 경도 측정기를 사용하여 인공피혁의 경도(딱딱함의 정도)을 측정한다. 수치가 낮을수록 딱딱하지 않다. Measure the hardness (hardness) of artificial leather using a Shore A type hardness tester. The lower the number, the harder it is.
측정 경도가 70보다 커질수록 점차 침이 눌려지지 않아 점점 딱딱해지는 것으로 평가되고, 70보다 작아질수록 점차 침이 눌려져 점점 유연해진다고 평가된다. As the measured hardness is greater than 70, it is evaluated that the needle is not gradually pressed and thus becomes harder, and as it is smaller than 70, it is evaluated that the needle is gradually pressed and becomes more flexible.
상기 표 1의 결과로부터 본 발명에 따른 실시예 1의 인공피혁이 비교예의 것과 비교하여 소프트니스와 경도에서 좀 더 부드럽고 딱딱하지 않은 것이 확인된다. From the results of Table 1, it is confirmed that the artificial leather of Example 1 according to the present invention is softer and not hard in softness and hardness compared to that of the comparative example.
이는 본 발명에 따른 부직포에서, 도성분 섬유의 분섬에 따라 자유도가 증가하고, 벌키한 구조를 형성함에 따라 딱딱해지지 않은 것에 기인한 것으로 생각된다. This is considered to be due to the fact that in the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention, the degree of freedom increases according to the branching of the island component fibers and does not become hard as a bulky structure is formed.
Claims (5)
상기 부직포를 알칼리 처리에 의해 상기 해도형 복합섬유의 해성분을 30~70중량% 용출하는 1차 용출 단계;
상기 부직포에 탄성체로 폴리우레탄을 침지하여 탄성체를 함침시키는 단계;
상기 부직포를 알칼리 처리에 의해 상기 해도형 복합섬유의 잔여 해성분을 용출하는 2차 용출 단계; 및
상기 부직포에 기모를 형성하고 염색하는 단계;를 포함한 인공피혁의 제조방법. Preparing a nonwoven fabric from sea-island composite fibers including alkali-soluble sea components;
A first elution step of eluting the sea component of the sea-island composite fiber in an amount of 30 to 70% by weight of the nonwoven fabric by alkali treatment;
Impregnating the elastic body by immersing polyurethane with an elastic body in the nonwoven fabric;
A secondary elution step of eluting the residual sea component of the sea-island composite fiber by alkali treatment of the nonwoven fabric; And
Forming and dyeing the brush on the nonwoven fabric; manufacturing method of artificial leather including.
상기 2차 용출에 의한 섬유의 섬도는 0.05 ~ 0.5 데니어인 것을 특징으로 하는 인공피혁의 제조방법. The method of claim 1,
The method for producing artificial leather, characterized in that the fineness of the fibers by the secondary elution is 0.05 ~ 0.5 denier.
상기 1차 용출 단계는, 상기 부직포를 2∼5중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액에 침지하고, 50∼100℃의 분위기의 스팀 박스(steam box)에서 5∼10분간 증기로 처리하고, 상기 가성소다를 세척하고, 건조하는 것을 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 인공피혁의 제조방법. The method of claim 1,
In the first elution step, the nonwoven fabric is immersed in an aqueous caustic soda solution having a concentration of 2 to 5% by weight, treated with steam for 5 to 10 minutes in a steam box in an atmosphere of 50 to 100°C, and the caustic soda Characterized in that it comprises washing and drying Manufacturing method of artificial leather.
상기 2차 용출 단계는, 용출기에서 상기 부직포를 4∼10중량% 농도의 가성소다 수용액에 침지하고, 상기 가성소다의 세척과 함께 고주파 처리를 하고, 건조하는 것을 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 인공피혁의 제조방법. The method of claim 1,
The second elution step comprises immersing the nonwoven fabric in an aqueous solution of caustic soda having a concentration of 4-10% by weight in an elution machine, washing the caustic soda, performing high frequency treatment, and drying the artificial Leather manufacturing method.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR950008859A (en) | 1993-09-27 | 1995-04-19 | 하기주 | Manufacturing method of leather sheet having excellent flexibility |
| KR20170112083A (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-12 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | artificial leather and manufacturing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR950008859A (en) | 1993-09-27 | 1995-04-19 | 하기주 | Manufacturing method of leather sheet having excellent flexibility |
| KR20170112083A (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-12 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | artificial leather and manufacturing method thereof |
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