KR102651113B1 - Fire risk index evaluation device and method in the old building area, and a recording medium recording the method - Google Patents

Abstract

The fire risk index evaluation method for old building districts includes the step of calculating a building information index that includes evaluation items of the year of completion, building structure, and total floor area of the building, as well as evaluation items of illegal renovation, illegal parking, types of exterior materials, electrical equipment, and gas cylinders. A step of calculating a risk factor index, a step of calculating a fire protection facility index including evaluation items of outdoor fire extinguishers, outdoor fire hydrants, 119 safety center distance, and emergency room distance, and the result of multiplying the building information index and the risk factor index as described above. It includes the step of calculating the fire risk index by dividing the fire protection facility index.

Description

Fire risk index evaluation device and method in old building areas using spatial information convergence technology, and recording medium recording the method {Fire risk index evaluation device and method in the old building area, and a recording medium recording the method}

The present invention relates to a fire risk index evaluation device and method for an old building district using spatial information convergence technology, and a recording medium recording the method. In particular, it relates to an old building district with a high concentration of old buildings that have passed more than 30 years after approval for use. This is about a device and method for evaluating the fire risk index through 12 evaluation items that reflect the actual level of old building districts using spatial information convergence technology, and a recording medium that records the method.

The fire risk index refers to a value expressed by evaluating in advance the potential risk of fire occurrence, degree of spread, and ease of suppression from the perspective of a building or building district. It is used to determine fire insurance rates, select key management targets, and provide fire-related public information. Fire risk indices in operation in Korea include the Korea Fire Insurance Association's FRI (Fire Risk Index), the National Fire Agency's fire risk assessment for multi-use businesses, and the National Disaster and Safety Research Institute's Korea Safety Map. In particular, FRI and multi-use business fire risk assessment each use detailed evaluation items consisting of more than 30 items to evaluate the fire risk level of buildings in detail, focusing on the field survey method.

Meanwhile, in Korea, the proportion of old buildings that have been approved for use for more than 30 years is increasing from 36.5% in 2017 to 37.1% in 2018 and 37.8% in 2019. Not only were these old buildings built before building safety standards such as fire safety performance and earthquake-resistant design were strengthened, but many of them were illegally changed in use or expanded during use, making them very vulnerable to fire outbreaks. In addition, old buildings are often crowded together in a certain area, so there is a high possibility of fire spreading in the event of a fire, and there are many difficulties in extinguishing fires due to narrow road networks and illegal parking. However, there is a fire risk that is specialized for old buildings and old building districts. There is no index evaluation method.

Meanwhile, the introduction of various smart technologies is being emphasized to improve the efficiency of disaster and safety management. This is because large amounts of information on various risk factors can be collected and analyzed quickly and effectively, and research on risk prediction and risk sign monitoring using AIoT, Big Data, and Cloud technologies, and safety diagnosis using robots and unmanned aerial vehicles is actively conducted. It is being carried out.

Therefore, in order to more efficiently improve the fire risk index evaluation method, which is currently operated through a human-centered field survey method, various smart technologies are utilized and applied to quickly and easily evaluate the fire risk index of old building districts with a relatively high fire occurrence rate. And technology to manage it is needed.

KR10-2019-0079449A

The present invention was proposed to solve the technical problems described above, and is an evaluation device and method for simply evaluating the fire risk index of an old building district in a more efficient manner using spatial information convergence technology, and a recording medium recording the method. is to provide.

In addition, another purpose of the present invention is to calculate the fire risk index in order to prevent fire occurrence and spread of damage in old building districts, and to plan the establishment of appropriate risk factor reduction measures according to the calculation results.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to calculate the extent of damage in terms of fire response in old building districts based on various data collected and analyzed from spatial information convergence technology to evaluate the fire risk index of old building districts, and to calculate the amount of damage, budget required for recovery, etc. The goal is to be able to plan.

According to an embodiment of the present invention to solve the above problem, building information index and risk factors are collected through at least one preset data collection method among drones, orthoimages, digital elevation models, digital maps, building ledgers, and field surveys. Based on the data collection department that collects data on each evaluation item of the index and firefighting facility index, an evaluation criteria database that stores detailed scores, item weights, and sector weights according to the evaluation criteria of each evaluation item, and an evaluation criteria database. The building information index calculation department processes the data collected in the data collection department to calculate a building information index including evaluation items of the year of completion, building structure, and building total floor area, and the data collected in the data collection department based on the evaluation criteria database. The risk factor index calculation department processes and calculates a risk factor index including evaluation items of illegal modification, illegal parking, types of exterior materials, electrical equipment, and gas cylinders, and the data collection department processes the data collected from the data collection department based on the evaluation criteria database to determine the outdoor A fire safety index calculation unit calculates a fire safety index including evaluation items of fire extinguishers, outdoor fire hydrants, 119 safety center distance, and emergency room distance, and fire risk by dividing the fire safety index by the result of multiplying the building information index and the risk factor index above. A fire risk index evaluation device for old building districts including a fire index calculation unit that calculates the index is provided.

A fire risk index evaluation device for an old building district, further comprising a fire risk index grading processing unit that classifies the fire risk index into excellent, good, average, caution, and dangerous according to the range of the fire risk index calculation result.

In addition, the building information index calculation unit included in the present invention is characterized by calculating the building information index (B) with ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight), range: 1≤B≤1.5.

In addition, the risk factor index calculation unit included in the present invention is characterized by calculating the risk factor index (R) as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector weight), range: 0.5 ≤ R ≤ 2.5.

In addition, the firefighting facility index calculation unit included in the present invention is characterized by calculating the firefighting facility index (P) as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector weight), range: 0.5≤P≤2.5.

In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a step of calculating a building information index including evaluation items of the year of completion, building structure, and total floor area of the building, and evaluation items of illegal renovation, illegal parking, type of exterior material, electrical equipment, and gas cylinders. A step of calculating a risk factor index including, a step of calculating a fire protection facility index including evaluation items of outdoor fire extinguishers, outdoor fire hydrants, 119 safety center distance, and emergency room distance, and the result of multiplying the building information index and the risk factor index. A fire risk index evaluation method for old building districts is provided, which includes calculating the fire risk index by dividing the fire protection facility index.

In addition, the present invention is characterized by further comprising a fire risk index grading step divided into excellent, good, average, caution, and dangerous depending on the range of the fire risk index calculation result.

In addition, in the present invention, the scores of each evaluation item of the building information index, risk factor index, and fire protection facility index are obtained by collecting at least one preset data from among drones, orthophotos, digital elevation models, digital maps, building registers, and field surveys. It is characterized by being collected by a method.

In addition, in the present invention, the building information index (B) is characterized by being calculated as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight), range: 1≤B≤1.5.

In addition, in the present invention, the risk factor index (R) is characterized by being calculated as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector weight), range: 0.5≤R≤2.5.

In addition, in the present invention, the fire protection facility index (P) is characterized by being calculated as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector weight), range: 0.5≤P≤2.5.

In addition, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable recording medium recording a program for executing a fire risk index method for old building districts is provided.

The present invention has the effect of simply evaluating the fire risk index of an old building district in a more efficient manner by utilizing spatial information convergence technology.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of calculating a fire risk index in order to prevent fire occurrence and spread of damage in old building districts, and planning the establishment of appropriate risk factor reduction measures according to the calculation results.

In particular, the present invention calculates the scale of damage in terms of fire response in old building districts based on various data collected and analyzed from spatial information convergence technology to evaluate the fire risk index of old building districts, and plans the budget necessary for recovery. There is a possible effect.

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a fire risk index evaluation device in an old building district according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a flowchart of the fire risk index evaluation method for old building districts processed by the fire risk index evaluation device for old building districts in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an example of fire risk index and fire risk index grading

Hereinafter, in order to explain the present invention in detail so that a person skilled in the art can easily implement the technical idea of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a fire risk index evaluation device for an old building district according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The fire risk index evaluation device for old building districts according to this embodiment includes only a brief configuration to clearly explain the technical idea to be proposed.

Referring to Figure 1, the fire risk index evaluation device for old building districts includes a data collection unit 10, an evaluation standard database 20, a building information index calculation unit 31, and a risk factor index calculation unit 33. , It is composed of a fire protection facility index calculation unit 35, a fire index calculation unit 40, and a fire index grading processing unit 50.

<Table 1>

Table 1 is a table summarizing the differences between the prior art and the present invention.

The main evaluation target of the present invention is an old building district with a high concentration of old buildings that have passed more than 30 years after approval for use, and the fire risk index is evaluated based on 12 evaluation items that reflect the actual level of the old building district using spatial information convergence technology. This is the point of the present invention.

<Table 2>

Table 2 is a table showing each evaluation item of the building information index, risk factor index, and fire protection facility index for the buildings subject to evaluation,

Figure 2 is a flowchart of the fire risk index evaluation method of an old building district processed by the fire risk index evaluation device of an old building district of Figure 1, and Figure 3 is an example diagram of the fire risk index and fire risk index grading.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and Table 2, the fire risk index evaluation device and evaluation method for old building districts using spatial information convergence technology will be described in detail as follows.

The present invention is a method for evaluating the fire risk index of old building districts using spatial information convergence technology, which includes ① simplified fire risk index evaluation items, ② data collection method for each evaluation item, ③ fire risk index evaluation criteria, and ④ fire risk index evaluation. Method, ⑤ fire risk index grading method, etc.

① Simplified fire risk index evaluation items

The evaluation sector for simplified fire risk index evaluation consists of the building information sector, hazard element sector, and firefighting facility sector, as shown in Table 2. The evaluation items that make up the building information sector are the year of completion, building structure, and total floor area of the building. The risk factor sector includes illegal modification, illegal parking, type of exterior material, electrical equipment, and gas cylinders. The fire protection system sector includes outdoor fire extinguishers, outdoor fire hydrants, and 119 Safety Center. Includes evaluation items such as distance to and emergency room distance.

② Data collection method for each evaluation item

The main data collection methods for evaluating this fire risk index are spatial information convergence technologies such as drones, orthophotos, digital elevation models, and digital maps. The building register is used to understand the basics of buildings, and the actual level of old building districts is clearly confirmed. Includes on-site investigation. Data collection for each evaluation item is conducted by selecting one or more of the above data collection methods, and specific details are shown in Table 2.

③ Fire risk index evaluation criteria

The standards for evaluating this fire risk index are organized by evaluation item, and include evaluation criteria that mainly divide the risk and safety level for each evaluation item into three levels (high, medium, and low). The evaluation criteria are mainly whether or not each evaluation item is applicable or included within the radius based on the building to be evaluated, as shown in the example in Table 2, and these standards can be changed according to revisions to laws and safety standards.

④ Fire risk index evaluation method

The fire risk index evaluation method includes the building information index, risk factor index, and fire protection facility index, which express each evaluation sector as an index, and using these, the fire risk index can be evaluated as shown in Equation 1 below. These can be calculated as an index for each sector by multiplying the scores and item weights according to each evaluation item and standard, and the fire risk index is finally calculated by considering the index and sector weight for each sector.

<Equation 1>

⑤ Fire risk index grading method

The grading of the fire risk index is divided into excellent, good, average, caution, and dangerous according to the fire risk index calculation results, and has the range as shown in Table 3 below.

<Table 3>

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a fire risk index evaluation device for an old building district according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the fire risk index evaluation device for old building districts includes the above-mentioned ① simplified fire risk index evaluation items, ② data collection method for each evaluation item, ③ fire risk index evaluation criteria, ④ fire risk index evaluation method, and ⑤ fire Fire risk index and fire risk index grading are processed using the risk index grading method.

The data collection unit 10 of the fire risk index evaluation device for old building districts according to this embodiment uses at least one preset data collection method among drones, orthoimages, digital elevation models, digital maps, building registers, and field surveys. Collect data for each evaluation item of building information index, hazard index, and fire protection facility index.

The evaluation criteria database 20 stores detailed scores, item weights, and section weights according to the evaluation criteria of each evaluation item.

The building information index calculation unit 31 processes the data collected by the data collection unit 10 based on the evaluation standard database 20 to calculate a building information index including evaluation items of the year of completion, building structure, and building total floor area. . That is, in this embodiment, the building information index calculation unit 31 calculates the building information index (B) as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight), range: 1≤B≤1.5.

The risk factor index calculation unit 32 processes the data collected from the data collection unit 10 based on the evaluation criteria database 20 to include risk evaluation items such as illegal modification, illegal parking, types of exterior materials, electrical equipment, and gas cylinders. Calculate the element index. That is, in this embodiment, the risk factor index calculation unit 33 calculates the risk factor index (R) as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector weight), range: 0.5 ≤ R ≤ 2.5.

The firefighting facility index calculation unit 33 processes the data collected by the data collection unit 10 based on the evaluation criteria database 20 and provides firefighting information including evaluation items of outdoor fire extinguishers, outdoor fire hydrants, 119 safety center distance, and emergency room distance. Calculate the facility index. That is, in this embodiment, the firefighting facility index calculation unit 35 calculates the firefighting facility index (P) as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector weight), range: 0.5≤P≤2.5.

The fire index calculation unit 40 calculates the fire risk index by dividing the result of multiplying the building information index and the risk factor index by the fire protection facility index, and the fire risk index grading processing unit 50 calculates the fire risk index within the range of the calculation result of the fire risk index. Accordingly, it is classified into excellent, good, average, caution, and dangerous.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a fire risk index evaluation method for an old building district processed by the fire risk index evaluation device for an old building district in FIG. 1.

Referring to Figure 2, the fire risk index evaluation method for old building districts proceeds with the step (S10) of calculating the building information index including evaluation items of completion year, building structure, and building total floor area. Here, the building information index (B) can be calculated as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight), range: 1≤B≤1.5.

Next, a step (S20) is performed to calculate the risk factor index including evaluation items of illegal modification, illegal parking, type of exterior material, electrical equipment, and gas cylinder. Here, the risk factor index (R) can be calculated as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector weight), range: 0.5≤R≤2.5.

Next, the step (S30) of calculating the fire protection facility index including the evaluation items of outdoor fire extinguishers, outdoor fire hydrants, 119 safety center distance, and emergency room distance is performed. In other words, the distance between the lot and the outdoor fire extinguisher, outdoor fire hydrant, 119 safety center, and emergency room is analyzed through multi-layer structure analysis based on location information or coordinates. Here, the firefighting facility index (P) can be calculated as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector weight), range: 0.5≤P≤2.5.

Next, the fire risk index is calculated by dividing the result of multiplying the building information index and the risk factor index by the fire protection facility index (S40).

Finally, as shown in the example diagram in FIG. 3, a fire risk index grading step (S50) is performed, which is divided into excellent, good, average, caution, and dangerous depending on the range of the fire risk index calculation results.

For reference, in the fire risk index evaluation method for old building districts according to this embodiment, the scores of each evaluation item of the building information index, risk factor index, and fire protection facility index are calculated from drones, orthoimages, digital elevation models, digital maps, and building ledgers. And it is collected by at least one preset data collection method during field investigation.

The fire risk index evaluation method for old building districts according to the embodiment of the present invention described above is implemented as a program and is implemented in a computer-readable recording medium (CD-ROM, RAM, ROM, floppy disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, SSD, memory). card, etc.).

The present invention has the effect of simply evaluating the fire risk index of an old building district in a more efficient manner by utilizing spatial information convergence technology.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of calculating a fire risk index in order to prevent fire occurrence and spread of damage in old building districts, and planning the establishment of appropriate risk factor reduction measures according to the calculation results.

In particular, the present invention calculates the scale of damage in terms of fire response in old building districts based on various data collected and analyzed from spatial information convergence technology to evaluate the fire risk index of old building districts, and plans the budget necessary for recovery. There is a possible effect.

As such, a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing its technical idea or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims described below rather than the detailed description above, and all changes or modified forms derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

10: Data collection unit
20: Evaluation criteria database
31: Building information index calculation unit
33: Risk factor index calculation unit
35: Firefighting facility index calculation unit
40: Fire index calculation unit
50: Fire index grading processing unit

Claims (12)

There are 12 evaluation items that reflect the actual level of the old building district: year of completion, building structure, building total floor area, illegal renovation, illegal parking, type of exterior material, electrical equipment, gas cylinder, outdoor fire extinguisher, outdoor fire hydrant, 119 Safety Center street, and emergency room street. In the fire risk index evaluation device for old building districts that evaluates the basic fire risk index,
A data collection unit that collects data for each evaluation item of the building information index, hazard index, and firefighting facility index through at least one preset data collection method among drones, orthoimages, digital elevation models, digital maps, and building ledgers;
An evaluation criteria database that stores detailed scores, item weights, and division weights according to the evaluation criteria of each evaluation item;
a building information index calculation unit that processes the data collected by the data collection unit based on the evaluation criteria database to calculate the building information index including evaluation items of completion year, building structure, and building total floor area;
A risk factor index calculation unit that processes the data collected by the data collection unit based on the evaluation criteria database to calculate the risk factor index including evaluation items of illegal modification, illegal parking, types of exterior materials, electrical equipment, and gas cylinders;
A firefighting facility index calculation unit that processes the data collected by the data collection unit based on the evaluation criteria database to calculate the firefighting facility index including evaluation items of outdoor fire extinguishers, outdoor fire hydrants, 119 safety center distance, and emergency room distance;
a fire index calculation unit that calculates a fire risk index by dividing the firefighting facility index by the result of multiplying the building information index and the risk factor index; and
It includes a fire risk index grading processing unit that classifies it as excellent, good, average, caution, and dangerous according to the range of the fire risk index calculation result,
The building information index calculation unit calculates the building information index (B) as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight), range: 1≤B≤1.5, and the risk factor index calculation unit calculates ∑ (score for each evaluation item) ×Item weight ×Sector weight), range: Calculate the risk factor index (R) as 0.5≤R≤2.5, and the firefighting facility index calculation unit is ∑ (Score by evaluation item ×Item weight×Sector weight), Range: A fire risk index evaluation device for old building districts, characterized in that the fire protection facility index (P) is calculated as 0.5≤P≤2.5.
delete delete delete delete There are 12 evaluation items that reflect the actual level of the old building district: year of completion, building structure, building total floor area, illegal renovation, illegal parking, type of exterior material, electrical equipment, gas cylinder, outdoor fire extinguisher, outdoor fire hydrant, 119 Safety Center street, and emergency room street. In the fire risk index evaluation method for old building districts that evaluates the basic fire risk index,
Calculating a building information index including evaluation items of the year of completion, building structure, and total floor area of the building in the building information index calculation unit;
Calculating a risk factor index including evaluation items of illegal modification, illegal parking, type of exterior material, electrical equipment, and gas cylinder in the risk factor index calculation unit;
Calculating a firefighting facility index including evaluation items of outdoor fire extinguishers, outdoor fire hydrants, 119 safety center distance, and emergency room distance in the firefighting facility index calculation unit;
Calculating a fire risk index by dividing the firefighting facility index by the result of multiplying the building information index and the risk factor index in a fire index calculation unit; and
It includes a fire risk index grading step in which the fire risk index grading processing unit is divided into excellent, good, average, caution, and dangerous according to the range of the fire risk index calculation result,
The scores of each evaluation item of the building information index, the risk factor index, and the fire protection facility index are collected by at least one preset data collection method among drones, orthoimages, digital elevation models, digital maps, and building ledgers, , the building information index (B) is calculated as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight), range: 1≤B≤1.5, and the risk factor index (R) is ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector) weight), range: calculated as 0.5≤R≤2.5, and the firefighting facility index (P) is calculated as ∑ (score for each evaluation item × item weight × sector weight), range: 0.5≤P≤2.5. Fire risk index assessment method for old building districts.
delete delete delete delete delete A computer-readable recording medium that records a program for executing the fire risk index method for old building districts in Paragraph 6.