KR102628859B1 - Optical laminate, and manufacturing method for the same, and smart window including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a first laminate comprising a first active region and a first inactive region; a second laminate including a second active region and a second inactive region; a light modulation layer provided between the first active area and the second active area; and a support layer provided between the first inactive region and the second inactive region, wherein the first wiring electrode provided on the first inactive region and the second wiring electrode provided on the second inactive region include, They are arranged to be staggered and protrude outwardly in the same direction, and at least one of the first and second laminates includes a polarizing plate and a transparent conductive layer formed in direct contact with one surface of the polarizing plate; , the width of the first inactive region is substantially the same as the width of the first active region, and the width of the second inactive region is substantially the same as the width of the second active region. Transmittance variable optical laminate and manufacturing thereof It relates to a method and a smart window including the same.

Description

Optical laminate and manufacturing method thereof, and smart window including same {OPTICAL LAMINATE, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR THE SAME, AND SMART WINDOW INCLUDING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a variable transmittance optical laminate, a method of manufacturing the same, and a smart window including the same.

In general, external light blocking coating is often applied to the windshield of vehicles and other means of transportation. However, the glass windows of conventional means of transportation have a fixed transmittance, and the external light blocking coating also has a fixed transmittance. Therefore, the overall transmittance of the windows of these conventional means of transportation is fixed, which may cause accidents. For example, if the overall transmittance is set low, there is no problem during the day when there is enough light around, but at night, when there is not enough light around, drivers may have difficulty properly checking the surroundings of the means of transportation. There was a problem. Alternatively, if the overall transmittance is set high, there is a problem that it may cause dazzle to drivers and others during daytime when there is sufficient surrounding light. Accordingly, a variable transmittance optical laminate that can change light transmittance when a voltage is applied was developed.

The variable transmittance optical laminate is driven by driving the liquid crystal according to the application of voltage to vary the transmittance. In the variable transmittance optical laminate developed to date, a conductive layer for driving the liquid crystal is formed on a separate substrate, It is manufactured by combining it with other elements such as a polarizer, and is driven by an electrical signal applied from the outside through a wiring electrode.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1707323 also discloses a power supply terminal characterized in that power is supplied to transparent conductive oxide (ITO) or conductive mesh by joining a cutting part and a step part.

However, in the case of such a conventional power supply terminal, it includes a cutting part (or (half) cutting part) or a step part for forming a wiring electrode. In this case, the cutting part is used during or after the cutting process. There are problems such as damage to the base layer or electrode peeling due to lack of grip.

Therefore, by not including a separate base material for forming the conductive layer, the manufacturing process can be simplified and the thickness can be reduced, and problems such as damage to the base layer due to the cutting process or electrode peeling due to lack of grip do not occur. , there is a need for development of an optical laminate with variable transmittance.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1707323

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable transmittance optical laminate that can prevent electrode wiring defects due to the inclusion of a (half) coating portion by not including a cutting process for forming a wiring electrode.

In addition, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable transmittance optical laminate that does not cause problems such as electrode peeling due to lack of contact force of the wiring electrode, etc. by providing a member for supporting the wiring electrode.

In addition, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable transmittance optical laminate with a simplified manufacturing process by not including a separate substrate for forming a conductive layer.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a variable transmittance optical laminate whose thickness is significantly reduced by not including a separate substrate for forming a conductive layer.

Additionally, an object of the present invention is to provide a variable transmittance optical laminate with improved transmittance in light transmission mode by not including a separate substrate for forming a conductive layer.

In addition, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a smart window including the variable transmittance optical laminate and a window or door for transportation, wearable devices, or construction to which the same is applied.

However, the problem to be solved by the present invention is not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

The present invention relates to a first laminate comprising a first active region and a first inactive region; a second laminate including a second active region and a second inactive region; a light modulation layer provided between the first active area and the second active area; and a support layer provided between the first inactive region and the second inactive region, wherein the first wiring electrode provided on the first inactive region and the second wiring electrode provided on the second inactive region include, They are arranged to be staggered and protrude outwardly in the same direction, and at least one of the first and second laminates includes a polarizing plate and a transparent conductive layer formed in direct contact with one surface of the polarizing plate; , the width of the first inactive region is substantially the same as the width of the first active region, and the width of the second inactive region is substantially the same as the width of the second active region. .

In the first aspect of the present invention, the first inactive area and the second inactive area may not include a (half) cutting portion.

In the second aspect, the present invention may include a sealant that is positioned between the first active region and the second active region and seals the light modulation layer.

In the third aspect of the present invention, the support layer may be provided to form a contact interface on the inner surfaces of the first inactive region and the second inactive region.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the support layer may have substantially the same shape as at least one of the first inactive region and the second inactive region in the planar direction.

In the fifth aspect of the present invention, the support layer may have insulating properties.

In the sixth aspect of the present invention, at least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer is separated from any one of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate. It may be formed by direct contact without including the base material.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, at least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer is adhered to any one of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate. It may be formed by direct contact, including an easy layer.

In the eighth aspect of the present invention, at least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer is made of a transparent conductive oxide, a metal, a carbon-based material, a conductive polymer, a conductive ink, and a nanowire. It may include one or more types selected from the group.

In the ninth aspect of the present invention, at least one of the first and second polarizers includes one or more functional layers selected from the group consisting of a protective layer, a phase difference adjustment layer, and a refractive index adjustment layer. It could be.

In the tenth aspect of the present invention, at least one of the first and second polarizers may have a thickness of 30 to 200 μm.

In the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the liquid crystal layer may include one or more spacers selected from the group consisting of ball spacers and column spacers.

In the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the spacer may have a height of 1 to 10 μm.

In the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the occupied area of the spacer in the liquid crystal layer may be 0.01% to 10% of the liquid crystal layer area.

In the present invention, in its fourteenth aspect, the variable transmittance optical laminate may further include one or more types selected from the group consisting of an overcoat layer, an adhesive layer, an ultraviolet absorbing layer, and a hard coating layer.

In addition, the present invention includes the step (S10) of directly forming a first transparent conductive layer and a second transparent conductive layer on one surface of the first polarizer and the second polarizer, respectively, to produce the first laminate and the second laminate. ; forming a first wiring electrode and a second wiring electrode on the first inactive area of the first laminate and the second inactive area of the second laminate, respectively (S20); Forming a sealant along the outer peripheral surface of the first active region of the first laminate (S30); Forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting a liquid crystal medium into the space formed by the sealant (S40); And a method for manufacturing a variable transmittance optical laminate, comprising arranging an insulating member between the first inactive area and the second inactive area and then bonding the first and second laminates (S50). , relates to a method of manufacturing a variable transmittance optical laminate, which does not include the step of (half) cutting the first inactive region and the second inactive region.

In the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the step (S50) may be to bond the first wiring electrode and the second wiring electrode so that they are arranged in a staggered manner and protrude outward in the same direction.

Additionally, the present invention relates to a smart window including the variable transmittance optical laminate.

Additionally, the present invention relates to a means of transportation including the smart window.

Additionally, the present invention relates to a vehicle in which the smart window is applied to at least one of the front window, rear window, side window, sunroof window, and interior partition.

Additionally, the present invention relates to a wearable device including the smart window.

Additionally, the present invention relates to architectural windows including the smart window.

According to the variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention, the occurrence of defective wiring electrodes can be minimized compared to the conventional optical laminate by not including a (half) cutting part for forming wiring electrodes.

In addition, according to the variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention, by providing a member for supporting the wiring electrode, problems such as electrode peeling due to insufficient grip of the wiring electrode, etc., compared to the conventional optical laminate, may not occur. .

In addition, according to the variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention, processes such as forming a conductive layer on a substrate and bonding it to other members to form a conventional optical laminate can be omitted, compared to a conventional optical laminate. The process can be simplified.

In addition, according to the variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention, a conductive layer is formed directly on one side of the polarizing plate, and a separate substrate for forming the conductive layer is not included, thereby significantly reducing the thickness compared to the conventional optical laminate. It could be.

In addition, according to the variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention, a conductive layer is formed directly on one surface of the polarizing plate and does not include a separate substrate for forming the conductive layer, so the transmittance in light transmission mode is higher than that of the conventional optical laminate. This may be an improvement.

1 is a diagram showing the laminated structure of a conventional optical laminated body.
Figure 2 is a diagram showing the stacked structure of an optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the present invention, in the process of forming a wiring electrode for driving a conventional optical laminate, etc., when a (half) cutting portion is formed by (half) cutting or the like to provide an area for forming a wiring electrode, the (half) cutting is performed. By improving the structural problem that causes defective electrode wiring due to defects and making it easier to form a member to support the wiring electrode, the problem of easy peeling of the wiring electrode, etc. can be improved, and in addition, on one side of the polarizer, The present invention relates to a variable transmittance optical laminate and a method of manufacturing the same, which reduces the thickness of the laminate and improves transmittance in light transmission mode by directly forming a conductive layer for driving liquid crystal without including a separate substrate for forming the conductive layer. .

More specifically, a first laminate including a first active region and a first inactive region; a second laminate including a second active region and a second inactive region; a light modulation layer provided between the first active area and the second active area; and a support layer provided between the first inactive region and the second inactive region, wherein the first wiring electrode provided on the first inactive region and the second wiring electrode provided on the second inactive region include, They are arranged to be staggered and protrude outwardly in the same direction, and at least one of the first and second laminates includes a polarizing plate and a transparent conductive layer formed in direct contact with one surface of the polarizing plate; , the width of the first inactive area is substantially the same as the width of the first active area, and the width of the second inactive area is substantially the same as the width of the second active area, a variable transmittance optical laminate; and

Manufacturing a first and second laminates by directly forming a first transparent conductive layer and a second transparent conductive layer on one surface of the first polarizer and the second polarizer, respectively (S10); forming a first wiring electrode and a second wiring electrode on the first inactive area of the first laminate and the second inactive area of the second laminate, respectively (S20); Forming a sealant along the outer peripheral surface of the second active region of the second laminate (S30); Forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting a liquid crystal medium into the space formed by the sealant (S40); And a method for manufacturing a variable transmittance optical laminate, comprising arranging an insulating member between the first inactive area and the second inactive area and then bonding the first and second laminates (S50). , relates to a method of manufacturing a variable transmittance optical laminate, which does not include the step of (half) cutting the first inactive region and the second inactive region.

The variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention is particularly suitable for technical fields in which the light transmittance can be changed according to the application of voltage, and can be used, for example, in smart windows, etc.

A smart window refers to an optical structure that controls the amount of light or heat passing by changing the light transmittance according to the application of an electrical signal. In other words, a smart window is equipped to change into a transparent, opaque, or translucent state by voltage, and is also called variable transmittance glass, dimming glass, or smart glass.

Smart windows can be used as partitions or privacy partitions for the interior space of vehicles and buildings, or as skylights placed in the openings of buildings, and can be used as highway signs, bulletin boards, scoreboards, clocks, or advertising screens. It can also be used to replace the glass of transportation vehicles such as windows or sunroofs of vehicles such as cars, buses, airplanes, ships, or trains.

The variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention can also be used as a smart window in various technical fields described above. However, since the conductive layer is formed directly on the polarizer, it does not include a separate substrate for forming the conductive layer, so the thickness Because it is thin and has advantageous bending characteristics, it can be particularly suitable for use in smart windows for vehicles or buildings. In one or more embodiments, a smart window to which the variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention is applied is used for transportation, such as front windows, rear windows, side windows, and sunroof windows of automobiles, or architectural windows, etc. In addition to blocking external light, it can also be used for partitioning interior spaces of cars or buildings, such as interior partitions, or for privacy protection, and can also be used for wearable devices such as helmets, glasses, or watches.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. However, the following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and serve to further understand the technical idea of the present invention along with the contents of the above-described invention, so the present invention is described in such drawings. It should not be interpreted as limited to the specifics.

The terms used in this specification are for describing embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, singular forms also include plural forms unless specifically stated otherwise in the context. For example, the “polarizing plate” used in this specification may mean at least one of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate, and the “transparent conductive layer” may refer to the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer. It may mean at least one transparent conductive layer among the layers.

As used herein, "comprises" and "comprising" means the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps, operations and/or elements other than the mentioned components, steps, operations and/or elements. It is used in the sense that it does not exclude. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

Spatially relative terms such as “bottom”, “bottom”, “bottom”, “top”, “top”, “top”, etc. refer to one element or component and other elements or components as shown in the drawing. It can be used to easily describe correlations with others. Spatially relative terms should be understood as terms that include different directions of the element during use or operation in addition to the direction shown in the drawings. For example, when an element shown in a drawing is turned over, an element described as “below” or “below” another element may be placed “above” the other element. Accordingly, the illustrative term “down” may include both downward and upward directions. Elements can also be oriented in other directions, so spatially relative terms can be interpreted according to orientation.

As used within this specification, the “plane direction” can be interpreted as a direction perpendicular to the polarizing plate and/or transparent conductive layer, that is, the direction viewed from the user's viewing side.

As used herein, “substantially” can be interpreted to include not only physically completely identical or identical, but also within the error range of measurement or manufacturing process, for example, error range of 0.1%. It can be interpreted as follows.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the laminate structure of a conventional optical laminate. More specifically, FIG. 1A is a diagram showing the structure of a lower laminate of a conventional optical laminate, and FIG. 1B is a diagram showing the structure of a lower laminate of a conventional optical laminate. This is a diagram showing the structure of a laminate where the upper and lower laminates are joined, and FIG. 1C is a diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the optical laminate as seen from direction A in FIG. 1B.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the laminate structure of an optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention, and more specifically, FIG. 2A is a diagram showing the lower laminate of the optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a diagram showing the structure, and FIG. 2B is a diagram showing the structure of a laminate obtained by joining the upper and lower laminates of an optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2C is a view from the direction A of FIG. 2B. This is a diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the optical laminate.

Referring to FIG. 1, a conventional optical laminate includes a first laminate 10-1, a second laminate 10-2, a first wiring electrode 20-1, and a second wiring electrode 20-2. ), a light modulation layer 30, and a sealant 40.

At this time, the first laminate 10-1 includes a first protrusion 11-1 and a first (half) cut portion 12-1 formed by (half) cutting one end, 2 The laminate 10-2 may include a second protrusion 11-2 and a second (half) cut portion 12-2 formed by (half) cutting one end.

The first protrusion 11-1 and the second protrusion 11-2 include a first wiring electrode 20-1 and a second wiring for receiving an electrical signal applied from the outside to drive the optical laminate. The electrodes 20-2 may be provided as areas for forming each, and the first (half) cutting part 12-1 and the second (half) cutting part 12-2 are of the optical laminate. Due to the thinning, problems such as driving failure due to short circuits between the conductive layers formed in the first and second laminates 10-1 and 10-2 and the wiring electrodes do not occur ( It may refer to an area removed by half) cutting.

Meanwhile, the optical laminate includes a light modulation layer 30 capable of adjusting the transmittance of light transmitted according to an applied electrical signal, and a sealant 40 for sealing the light modulation layer 30, so it is inevitable. The light modulation layer 30 to the sealant 40 are bonded at a predetermined height to be formed. At this time, as the thickness of the light modulation layer 30 to the sealant 40 decreases due to thinning of the optical laminate, the first wiring electrode 20-1 and the second wiring electrode 20-2 are flat. If they are arranged so that they overlap in direction, driving failures due to short circuits may occur, so they may be arranged in a staggered manner and formed in the same outer direction. Accordingly, the first protrusions on which the first wiring electrode 20-1 is formed (11-1) and the second (half) cutting portion 12-2 face each other, and the second protrusion 11-2 and the first (half) cutting portion on which the second wiring electrode 20-2 is formed are formed. Parts 12-1 face each other.

However, when manufacturing the optical laminate in this way, the first wiring electrode 20-1 and the second wiring electrode 20-2 are connected to the first protrusion 11-1 and the second protrusion 11-1 without a separate support. 2) They are formed on each other, and in this case, problems such as electrode peeling may occur as the contact force between electrode wires decreases.

In order to solve this problem, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable transmittance optical laminate having a support for supporting a wiring electrode without including a (half) cutting part.

Referring to FIG. 2, the variable transmittance optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first laminate 100-1, a second laminate 100-2, and a first wiring electrode 200-1. , it may include a second wiring electrode 200-2, a light modulation layer 300, a support layer 400, and a sealant 500.

In one embodiment, the first laminate 100-1 has a first active region (R _A -1), which is an area visible to the user while performing a transmittance variable function, and a space for connecting wiring electrodes, etc. It may include a first inactive area (R _IA -1), which is an area that is not visible to the user, and the second laminate (100-2) is located in the first active area (R _A -1). It may include a corresponding second active area (R _A -2) and a second inactive area (R _IA -2) corresponding to the first inactive area (R _IA -1).

The first active area (R _A -1) and the second active area (R _A -2) are areas where the light modulation layer 300 is formed to adjust the transmittance of light transmitted according to the applied electrical signal. may be provided, and may be arranged to face each other with the light modulation layer 300 interposed therebetween, and the light modulation layer 300 may be sealed by the sealant 500.

The first inactive area (R _IA -1) and the second inactive area (R _IA -2) are first wiring electrodes 200-1 for receiving electrical signals applied from the outside to drive the optical laminate. and the second wiring electrode 200-2 may be provided as areas for forming, respectively.

As described above, the variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention is characterized in that it does not include a (half) cutting portion as (half) cutting is not performed, and therefore, the first inactive region (R _IA -1) The width (W _IA -1) may be substantially the same as the width (W _A -1) of the first active area (R _A -1), and the width ( _{W IA} -2) may be substantially equal to the width (W _A -2) of the second active region (R _A -2). As such, by not including the (half) cutting portion, the variable transmittance optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention can not only minimize damage to the laminated structure due to the (half) cutting process, but also can provide a support layer, which will be described later. By including, there is an advantage in that the bonding strength of wiring electrodes, etc. can be further improved, and problems such as electrode peeling can be improved.

The first wire electrode 200-1 is formed on one end of the first inactive area (R _IA -1), and the second wire electrode 200-2 is formed on the second inactive area (R _IA - It is preferable that it is formed on the other end opposite to the one end of 2). In this way, when the first wiring electrode 200-1 and the second wiring electrode 200-2 are formed to protrude outward in the same direction, but are staggered from each other, it is not only easy to secure space for external circuit connection, There is an advantage in that it can prevent problems of short circuits between wiring electrodes.

The first inactive area (R _IA -1) and the second inactive area (R _IA -2) may be supported by the support layer 400, and preferably, the lower surface of the support layer is the first inactive area (R A contact interface is formed on the inner surface of _IA -1), that is, on the inner surface of the first laminate 100-1 corresponding to the first inactive area (R _IA -1), and the upper surface of the support layer is the second inactive area. It may be arranged to form a contact interface on the inner surface of the region R _IA -2, that is, the inner surface of the second laminate 100-2 corresponding to the second inactive region R _IA -2. . In this way, when the support layer 400 is provided to form a contact interface on the inner surface of the first inactive area (R _IA -1) and the second inactive area (R _IA -2), the first inactive area (R _IA -1) The first wiring electrode 200-1 formed thereon may be supported by a second inactive area (R _IA -2) via the support layer 400, and the second inactive area (R _IA -2) ) The second wiring electrode 200-2 formed on the can also be supported by the first inactive area (R _IA -1) via the support layer 400, so that the stack 100 of the wiring electrode 200 There is an advantage in that the bonding strength can be further improved. As part of further improving the bonding strength, the support layer preferably has a shape substantially the same as that of at least one of the first inactive region and the second inactive region, and more preferably, the first inactive region. It may have substantially the same shape as (R _IA -1) and the second inactive area (R _IA -2).

In this way, according to the variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention, not only can electrode wiring defects caused by (half) cutting that occur in conventional optical laminates be minimized, but also the bonding strength between the wiring electrode and the substrate is further improved, There is an advantage that problems such as peeling of electrode wiring due to defects do not occur.

Hereinafter, each component included in the variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention will be described in detail.

The first laminate 100-1 may include a first polarizing plate and a first transparent conductive layer, and the second laminate 100-2 may include a second polarizing plate and a second transparent conductive layer. It may be.

The polarizing plate includes a polarizer, and may further include a functional layer such as a protective layer, a phase difference adjustment layer, and a refractive index adjustment layer on one or both sides of the polarizer. For example, the polarizing plate may include a polarizer and a protective layer laminated on one side or both sides of the polarizer, and a polarizer, a protective layer laminated on one side of the polarizer, and the other side opposite to the one side of the polarizer. It may include a phase difference adjustment layer laminated on a polarizer, a protective layer laminated on one side of the polarizer, and a phase difference adjustment layer and a refractive index adjustment layer sequentially laminated on the other side opposite to the one side of the polarizer. It may include a polarizer, a protective layer laminated on one side of the polarizer, and a protective layer and a phase difference adjustment layer sequentially laminated on the other side opposite to the one side of the polarizer.

The polarizer may be a conventional or later developed polarizer. For example, a stretched polarizer or a coated polarizer may be used.

In one embodiment, the stretchable polarizer may include a stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based resin. The polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based resin may be a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl acetate-based resin. Polyvinyl acetate-based resins include polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, as well as copolymers of vinyl acetate and other monomers that can be copolymerized therewith. The other monomers may include unsaturated carboxylic acid-based, unsaturated sulfonic acid-based, olefin-based, vinyl ether-based, and acrylamide-based monomers having an ammonium group. In addition, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based resins include those that have been modified, and may be, for example, polyvinyl formal or polyvinyl acetal modified with aldehydes.

In one embodiment, the coated polarizer may be formed of a liquid crystal coating composition, and in this case, the liquid crystal coating composition may include a reactive liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye.

The reactive liquid crystal compound may refer to a compound that includes, for example, a mesogen skeleton and the like, and also includes one or more polymerizable functional groups. These reactive liquid crystal compounds are variously known as so-called RM (Reactive Mesogen). The reactive liquid crystal compound can be polymerized by light or heat to form a cured film in which a polymer network is formed while maintaining the liquid crystal arrangement.

The reactive liquid crystal compound may be a monofunctional or multifunctional reactive liquid crystal compound. The monofunctional reactive liquid crystal compound may refer to a compound having one polymerizable functional group, and the multifunctional reactive liquid crystal compound may refer to a compound containing two or more polymerizable functional groups.

The dichroic dye is a component that is included in the liquid crystal coating composition and provides polarization properties, and has different properties in terms of absorbance in the long axis direction of the molecule and absorbance in the short axis direction. The dichroic dye may be a conventional or later developed dichroic dye, for example, azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, perylene dyes, merocyanine dyes. merocyanine dyes, azomethine dyes, phthaloperylene dyes, indigo dyes, dioxadine dyes, polythiophene dyes and phenoxazine. It may contain one or more types selected from the group consisting of dyes (phenoxazine dyes).

The liquid crystal coating composition may further include a solvent capable of dissolving the reactive liquid crystal compound and the dichroic dye, for example, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and xylene. (xylene) and chloroform (chloroform) may be used. In addition, the composition for liquid crystal coating may further include a leveling agent, a polymerization initiator, etc. within a range that does not impair the polarization characteristics of the coating film.

The protective layer is intended to preserve the polarization characteristics of the polarizer from post-processing and external environments, and may be implemented in the form of a protective film or the like.

The protective layer may be formed by directly contacting one or both sides of the polarizer, but is not limited thereto. For example, the protective layer may be used as a multi-layer structure in which one or more protective layers are continuously stacked, and may be formed in direct contact with another functional layer.

In one or more embodiments, the protective layer includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene isophthalate (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polybutylene terephthalate ( polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), diacetyl cellulose, triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polymethyl acrylic polymethyl acrylate (PMA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethyl acrylate (PEA), polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA), and cyclic olefin polymers. It may include one or more types selected from the group consisting of polymer (COP).

The phase difference adjustment layer is intended to complement the optical properties of the optical laminate, and may be implemented in the form of a retardation film, etc., and a conventional or later developed retardation film may be used. For example, a quarter wave plate (1/4 wave plate) or a half wave plate (1/2 wave plate) can be used to delay the phase of light, and these can be used alone or in combination.

The phase difference adjustment layer may be formed by directly contacting one surface of the polarizer, but is not limited thereto. For example, the phase difference adjustment layer may be formed on one side of the protective layer, and the polarizer, the protective layer, and the phase difference adjustment layer may be sequentially stacked.

The phase difference control layer may be a stretched polymer film or a liquid crystal polymer film obtained by stretching a polymer film capable of imparting optical anisotropy by stretching in an appropriate manner.

In one embodiment, the stretched polymer film is made of polyolefin such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), cyclo olefin polymer (COP) such as polynorbornene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulfone (PSU), acryl resin, polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate; Polyester such as PET), polyacrylate, cellulose ester polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or triacetyl cellulose (TAC), or two types of monomers forming the polymer A polymer layer containing a copolymer of the above monomers, etc. can be used.

The method of obtaining the stretched polymer film is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be obtained by forming the polymer material into a film and then stretching it. The molding method into the film form is not particularly limited, and it is possible to mold into a film by known methods such as injection molding, sheet molding, blow molding, injection blow molding, inflation molding, extrusion molding, foam molding, and cast molding. Secondary processing molding methods such as molding and vacuum molding can also be used. Among them, extrusion molding and cast molding are preferably used. At this time, for example, the unstretched film can be extruded using an extruder equipped with a T die, a circular die, etc. When obtaining a molded product by extrusion molding, materials that have previously been melt-kneaded with various resin components, additives, etc. can be used, and the product can also be molded by melt-kneading during extrusion molding. In addition, the unstretched film can also be cast-molded by dissolving the various resin components using a solvent common to the various resin components, such as chloroform or methylene dichloride, and then casting drying and solidifying the film.

The polymer stretched film is uniaxially stretched in the mechanical flow direction (MD; Mechanical Direction, longitudinal or longitudinal direction) or in a direction directly parallel to the mechanical flow direction (TD; Transverse Direction, transverse or width direction). It can be uniaxially stretched, and a biaxially stretched film can also be produced by stretching by a sequential biaxial stretching method of roll stretching and tenter stretching, a simultaneous biaxial stretching method by tenter stretching, and a biaxial stretching method by tubular stretching.

The liquid crystal polymer film may include a reactive liquid crystal compound in a polymerized state. The reactive liquid crystal compound may be similarly applied to the reactive liquid crystal compound of the coated polarizer described above.

In one or more embodiments, the thickness of the phase difference control layer may be 10㎛ to 100㎛ in the case of a polymer stretched film, and 0.1㎛ to 5㎛ in the case of a liquid crystal polymer film.

The refractive index adjustment layer is provided to compensate for the difference in refractive index of the optical laminate due to the transparent conductive layer, and may serve to improve visibility characteristics by reducing the difference in refractive index. Additionally, the refractive index adjustment layer may be provided to correct the color caused by the transparent conductive layer. Meanwhile, when the transparent conductive layer has a pattern, the difference in transmittance between the patterned area where the pattern is formed and the non-patterned area where the pattern is not formed can be compensated through the refractive index adjustment layer.

Specifically, the transparent conductive layer is laminated adjacent to another member (e.g., polarizer, etc.) having a different refractive index, and the difference in refractive index with other adjacent layers may cause a difference in light transmittance, especially in the transparent conductive layer. When a pattern is formed, problems may occur in being able to distinguish between the pattern area and the non-pattern area. Therefore, by including the refractive index adjustment layer, the difference in light transmittance of the optical laminate can be reduced by compensating for the refractive index. In particular, when a pattern is formed on the transparent conductive layer, the pattern area and the non-pattern area are separated. Make sure it is not recognized.

In one embodiment, the refractive index of the refractive index adjustment layer may be appropriately selected depending on the material of other adjacent members, but is preferably 1.4 to 2.6, and more preferably 1.4 to 2.4. In this case, light loss due to a sharp difference in refractive index between other members such as the polarizer and the transparent conductive layer can be prevented.

The refractive index control layer is not particularly limited as long as it can prevent a sharp difference in refractive index between other members such as a polarizer and the transparent conductive layer, and a compound used in the formation of a conventional or later developed refractive index control layer can be used. , for example, may be formed from a refractive index adjustment layer forming composition containing a polymerizable isocyanurate compound.

In one embodiment, the polarizing plate may further include other functional layers to assist or enhance the characteristics of the polarizer in addition to the functional layers described above. For example, to further improve mechanical durability, an overcoat layer, etc. It may include more.

In one or more embodiments, the polarizing plate may have a thickness of 30 to 200 ㎛, preferably 30 to 170 ㎛, and more preferably 50 to 150 ㎛. In this case, it is possible to manufacture a thin optical laminate while maintaining the optical properties of the polarizing plate.

The transparent conductive layer is provided to drive the light modulation layer 300, and may be formed in direct contact with the polarizing plate. For example, the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer may be formed in direct contact with the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate, respectively.

Conventionally, optical laminates used in the manufacture of smart windows, etc. were manufactured by forming a conductive layer for liquid crystal driving on one side of a substrate and bonding the other side of the substrate with a polarizing plate. However, the variable transmittance optical laminate according to the present invention does not include a separate substrate for forming a conductive layer, but directly forms a conductive layer on one side of the polarizing plate, thereby reducing the thickness of the laminate and increasing the transmittance in light transmission mode. And it is characterized by improving bending characteristics.

In one embodiment, the transparent conductive layer may be formed by depositing directly on one surface of the polarizing plate. At this time, the transparent conductive layer may be formed by performing pretreatment, such as corona treatment or plasma treatment, on one side of the polarizing plate to improve adhesion to the polarizing plate, and then directly contacting the pretreated side of the polarizing plate. The pretreatment is not limited to corona treatment or plasma treatment, and any conventional or later developed pretreatment process can be used within the range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention.

In another embodiment, the transparent conductive layer may be formed by directly contacting the polarizing plate with an adhesion facilitating layer provided on one surface of the polarizing plate interposed thereto to improve adhesion to the polarizing plate.

The transparent conductive layer preferably has a transmittance of 50% or more to visible light, and for example, includes at least one selected from the group consisting of transparent conductive oxide, metal, carbon-based material, conductive polymer, conductive ink, and nanowire. It may be, but is not limited to this, and conventional or later developed transparent conductive layer materials may be used.

In one or more embodiments, the transparent conductive oxide includes indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium zinc oxide (IZTO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), and gallium zinc oxide (GZO). , florine tin oxide (FTO), and zinc oxide (ZnO). In addition, the metals include gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and tungsten (W). , niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and alloys containing at least one of these, etc. It may include one or more types selected from the group consisting of, for example, silver-palladium-copper (APC) alloy or copper-calcium (CuCa) alloy. The carbon-based material may include one or more selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene, and the conductive polymer is polypyrrole, polythiophene, etc. , polyacetylene, PEDOT, polyaniline, etc. may include one or more selected from the group consisting of. The conductive ink may be a mixture of metal powder and a curable polymer binder, and the nanowire may be, for example, silver nanowire (AgNW).

Additionally, the transparent conductive layer may be formed into a two-layer or more structure by combining the above materials. For example, it may be formed as a two-layer structure including a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer to lower the reflectance of incident light and increase the transmittance.

The wiring electrode 200 is for transmitting an electrical signal applied from the outside to the optical laminate, and may be made of a material having the same characteristics as the material used in the transparent conductive layer, for example, electrical conductivity or Considering flexibility, etc., gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W) , niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and alloys containing at least one of these, etc. A metal containing one or more types selected from the group consisting of may be used.

The light modulation layer 300 can change the driving mode of the optical laminate by adjusting the transmittance of light incident from one or more directions according to the electric field.

The light modulation layer 300 may include a liquid crystal compound and a spacer, and may include a first alignment film formed on the first laminate side, a second alignment film formed on the second laminate side, and a sealant 500. It may be an area defined by .

The liquid crystal compound is not particularly limited as long as it is driven according to an electric field and can control the light transmittance. Conventional or later developed liquid crystal compounds can be used, for example, the reactive liquid crystal compound of the coated polarizer described above. The same information can be applied.

The liquid crystal behavior method of the liquid crystal compound is not particularly limited. For example, it may be driven in TN (Twisted nematic) mode, but is not limited thereto, and may be operated in STN (Super twisted nematic) mode or VA (Vertical alignment) mode. It can also be driven by, etc.

The spacer may include at least one of a ball spacer and a column spacer, and is particularly preferably a ball spacer. The spacer may be one or more, and preferably has a height of 1 to 10㎛. In addition, when viewed in a plan direction, the area occupied by the spacer in the light modulation layer 300 is 0.01 relative to the area of the light modulation layer 300 in terms of improving user visibility and transmittance in light transmission mode. It is preferably from 10% to 10%.

The alignment layer is not particularly limited as long as it is used to add alignment to the liquid crystal compound, and in one embodiment, it may be manufactured by rubbing. In this case, the alignment film is formed by manufacturing various material layers applicable to the alignment film, such as polyimide, and then rubbing the surface of this material layer using a rubbing roll to create a fine line-shaped uneven shape. .

In another embodiment, the alignment film may be manufactured including a photo-alignment or photo-curable polymer, for example, by applying and curing an alignment film coating composition containing a photo-alignment or photo-curable polymer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a solvent. It can be produced by doing.

The photo-alignment or photo-curable polymer is not particularly limited, but cinnamate-based polymers, polyimide-based polymers, etc. can be used, for example, poly(vinyl cinnamate) (PVCi), poly(siloxane cinnamate) (PSCN) , poly(ω(4-chalconyloxy)alkoxyphenylmaleimide, 6-FDA-HAB-Cl, etc. can be used, and polymers capable of exhibiting orientation that are conventional or developed later can be used.

In another embodiment, the alignment film may be manufactured by shaping a fine line-shaped concavo-convex shape manufactured by rubbing treatment, instead of the above-described alignment film or photo-alignment film by rubbing treatment. .

The sealant 500 may include a curable resin as a base resin. As the base resin, an ultraviolet curable resin or a thermosetting resin known in the art to be used in sealants can be used. The ultraviolet curable resin may be a polymer of ultraviolet curable monomers. The thermosetting resin may be a polymer of thermosetting monomers.

The base resin of the sealant 500 may be, for example, an acrylate-based resin, an epoxy-based resin, a urethane-based resin, a phenol-based resin, or a mixture of the above resins. In one embodiment, the base resin may be an acrylate-based resin, and the acrylate-based resin may be a polymer of an acrylic monomer. The acrylic monomer may be, for example, a multifunctional acrylate. In another embodiment, the sealant may further include a monomer component in the base resin. The monomer component may be, for example, a monofunctional acrylate. In this specification, monofunctional acrylate may refer to a compound having one acrylic group, and multifunctional acrylate may refer to a compound having two or more acrylic groups. The curable resin may be cured by irradiation of ultraviolet rays and/or heating. The ultraviolet irradiation conditions or heating conditions may be appropriately performed within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present application. If necessary, the sealant may further include an initiator, for example, a photoinitiator or a thermal initiator.

The sealant 500 may be formed by a method commonly used in the field, for example, by drawing the sealant to the outside (i.e., inactive area) of the liquid crystal layer using a dispenser equipped with a nozzle. can be formed.

The support layer 400 has insulating properties and is connected to the first transparent conductive layer and the first wiring electrode 200-1 formed in the first laminate 100-1 and the second laminate 100-2. There is no particular limitation as long as the formed second transparent conductive layer and the second wiring electrode 200-2 can be electrically separated from each other, and it may include an insulating material commonly used in the art. For example, the insulating material may include one or more selected from the group consisting of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), It may include a derivative of any one of these, or a copolymer containing one or more of these.

In one embodiment, the insulating material may include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and in this case, the strength, chemical resistance, and processability of the support layer may be improved.

In one or more embodiments, the support layer may be provided by applying and curing the insulating material, or may be provided in the form of an insulating tape attached through an adhesive layer.

The insulating tape may include substantially the same material as the above-described insulating material, and in one embodiment, the adhesive layer may be formed by an acrylite-based coating.

The variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention may further include other members within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention, and may further include, for example, an adhesive layer, an ultraviolet absorbing layer, and a hard coating layer. there is.

The adhesive layer may be formed using an adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive, and preferably has appropriate adhesive strength to prevent peeling or bubbles from occurring when handling the optical laminate, as well as transparency and thermal stability.

The adhesive may be a conventional or later developed adhesive, for example, a photocurable adhesive may be used.

The photocurable adhesive is crosslinked and cured by receiving active energy rays such as ultraviolet (Ultraviolet) and electron beam (EB) to exhibit strong adhesive strength, and may be composed of a reactive oligomer, a reactive monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, etc.

The reactive oligomer is an important component that determines the properties of the adhesive, and forms a polymer bond through a photopolymerization reaction to form a cured film. Reactive oligomers that can be used include polyester resins, polyether resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, polyacrylic resins, and silicone resins.

The reactive monomer acts as a crosslinker and diluent for the above-mentioned reactive oligomer and affects the adhesive properties. Reactive monomers that can be used include monofunctional monomers, polyfunctional monomers, epoxy monomers, vinyl ethers, and cyclic ethers.

The photopolymerization initiator serves to initiate photopolymerization by absorbing light energy and generating radicals or cations. An appropriate photopolymerization initiator can be selected and used depending on the photopolymerization resin.

The adhesive may be a conventional or later developed adhesive, and in one or more embodiments, an acrylic adhesive, a rubber adhesive, a silicone adhesive, a urethane adhesive, a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive, a polyvinyl pyrrolidone adhesive, and a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive. Acrylamide-based adhesives, cellulose-based adhesives, vinyl alkyl ether-based adhesives, etc. can be used. The adhesive is not particularly limited as long as it has adhesive strength and viscoelasticity, but is preferably an acrylic adhesive in terms of ease of availability, and includes, for example, a (meth)acrylate copolymer, a crosslinking agent, and a solvent. It may be.

The crosslinking agent may be a conventional or later developed crosslinking agent, and may include, for example, polyisocyanate compounds, epoxy resins, melamine resins, urea resins, dialdehydes, methylol polymers, etc., and are preferably It may contain a polyisocyanate compound.

The solvent may include common solvents used in the field of resin compositions, and examples include alcohol-based compounds such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, and propylene glycol methoxy alcohol; Ketone-based compounds such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diethyl ketone, and dipropyl ketone; Acetate-based compounds such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and propylene glycol methoxy acetate; Cellosolve-based compounds such as methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, and propyl cellosolve; Solvents such as hydrocarbon compounds such as hexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, and xylene may be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.

The thickness of the adhesive layer can be appropriately determined depending on the type of resin that serves as the adhesive, the adhesive strength, the environment in which the adhesive is used, etc. In one embodiment, the adhesive layer may be 0.1 to 500 ㎛, preferably 0.5 to 450 ㎛, more preferably 1 to 400 ㎛, in order to secure sufficient adhesive strength and minimize the thickness of the optical laminate. It may have a thickness of ㎛.

In one embodiment, the adhesive layer may be formed on one or both sides of the polarizing plate by a lamination method.

The ultraviolet absorbing layer is not particularly limited as long as it is used to prevent deterioration of the optical laminate due to ultraviolet rays. For example, salicylic acid-based ultraviolet absorbers (phenyl salicylate, p-tert-butyl salicylate, etc.), benzope Rice paddy-based ultraviolet absorbers (2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, etc.), benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers (2-(2'-hydroxy- 5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-butylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl -5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3',5'-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3 '-(3",4",5",6"-tetrahydrophthalimidemethyl)-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2,2-methylenebis(4-(1,1,3,3- tetramethylbutyl)-6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenol), 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-Hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-(2-octyloxycarbonylethyl)-phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-3' -(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)-5'-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-6 -(Linear and branched chain dodecyl)-4-methylphenol, octyl-3-[3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-(chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenyl]propionate and 2-ethylhexyl-3-[3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-(5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenyl]propionate, etc.), cyanoacrylic UV absorbers (2'-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylate, ethyl-2-cyano-3-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-acrylate, etc. ), triazine-based ultraviolet absorbers, etc. can be used, and benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers or triazine-based ultraviolet absorbers, which have high transparency and are excellent in preventing deterioration of the polarizer or transmittance variable layer, are preferable, and benzotriol has a more appropriate spectral absorption spectrum. Triazole-based ultraviolet absorbers are particularly preferred. The benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber may be bisified, for example, 6,6'-methylenebis(2-(2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-2-yl) -4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol), 6,6'-methylenebis(2-(2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-2-yl )-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenol), etc.

The hard coating layer is not particularly limited as long as it is intended to protect members such as a polarizing plate and a variable transmittance layer from external physical and chemical impacts, and a conventional or later developed hard coating layer may be used.

In one embodiment, the hard coating layer may be formed by applying a composition for forming a hard coating layer on another member and then curing it with light or heat. The composition for forming the hard coating layer is not particularly limited and may include, for example, a photocurable compound and a photoinitiator.

The photocurable compound and photoinitiator may be those commonly used in the art without limitation. For example, the photocurable compound may be a photopolymerizable monomer, a photopolymerizable oligomer, etc., for example, monofunctional and/or polyfunctional. Examples include (meth)acrylates, and photoinitiators include oxime esters.

Additionally, the present invention includes a method of manufacturing the same in addition to the variable transmittance optical laminate.

A method of manufacturing a variable transmittance optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes directly forming a first transparent conductive layer and a second transparent conductive layer on one surface of the first polarizer and the second polarizer, respectively, to form the first laminate. and manufacturing a second laminate (S10); forming a first wiring electrode and a second wiring electrode on the first inactive area of the first laminate and the second inactive area of the second laminate, respectively (S20); Forming a sealant along the outer peripheral surface of the first active area of the first laminate (S30); Forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting a liquid crystal medium into the space formed by the sealant (S40); And it may include a step (S50) of placing an insulating member between the first inactive area and the second inactive area, and then joining the first laminate and the second laminate.

As described above, the variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention is intended to prevent the occurrence of defects due to the electrode structure of the conventional optical laminate by including a (half) cutting portion, and the first inactive region and the second inactive region It is desirable not to include the step of (half) cutting the region. In addition, the first wiring electrode and the second wiring electrode are preferably arranged to stagger each other while protruding outward in the same direction to avoid product defects due to electrical shorting.

According to the manufacturing method of the variable transmittance optical laminate of the present invention, it is possible to prevent defects in the electrode structure caused by the (half) cutting portion formed when manufacturing the conventional optical laminate, and by using the insulating member as a support layer. , by further improving the bonding strength of the wiring electrode to the substrate, defects due to electrode peeling may not occur.

The variable transmittance optical laminate manufactured according to the method for manufacturing the variable transmittance optical laminate satisfies all of the above-described characteristics and may exhibit substantially the same characteristics.

In addition to the variable transmittance optical laminate, the present invention includes a smart window including the same. In addition, the present invention relates to a means of transportation including the smart window, for example, a car in which the smart window is applied to at least one of the front window, rear window, side window, sunroof window, and interior partition, and the smart window. It includes wearable devices and architectural windows.

For example, a car including a smart window of the present invention may be one in which vehicle glass is bonded on both sides of the optical laminate, for example, an adhesive film and vehicle glass are placed on both sides of the optical laminate. Then, it may be manufactured by heating for 10 to 20 minutes at a temperature of 90°C and a vacuum of about 1 bar using a press machine, and the adhesive film may include an EVA film, a PVB film, etc.

In addition, building windows (glass for windows and doors) may be bonded on one or both sides of the optical laminate, and smart window products for windows can be manufactured by bonding glass for windows and doors on one side of the optical laminate using a lamination method. It may be that a smart window product for windows is manufactured by applying UV adhesive to the glass for windows and then bonding it to both sides of the optical laminate and then UV curing it.

Claims (22)

A first laminate including a first active region and a first inactive region;
a second laminate including a second active region and a second inactive region;
a light modulation layer provided between the first active area and the second active area; and
It includes a support layer provided between the first inactive area and the second inactive area,
The first wiring electrode provided on the first inactive area and the second wiring electrode provided on the second inactive area are arranged to be staggered and protrude outward in the same direction,
At least one of the first and second laminates includes a polarizing plate and a transparent conductive layer formed in direct contact with one surface of the polarizing plate,
The width of the first inactive area is substantially the same as the width of the first active area,
The width of the second inactive region is substantially the same as the width of the second active region.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 1, wherein the first inactive region and the second inactive region do not include a (half) cutting portion.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 1, which is located between the first active region and the second active region and includes a sealant that seals the light modulation layer.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 1, wherein the support layer is provided to form a contact interface on the inner surfaces of the first inactive region and the second inactive region.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 1, wherein the support layer has substantially the same shape as at least one of the first inactive area and the second inactive area in the planar direction.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 1, wherein the support layer has insulating properties.
The variable transmittance optical laminate according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive layer is formed in direct contact with the polarizing plate without including a separate substrate between the two.
The variable transmittance optical laminate according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive layer includes an easy-adhesion layer between the polarizing plate and the polarizing plate.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive layer includes at least one selected from the group consisting of transparent conductive oxide, metal, carbon-based material, conductive polymer, conductive ink, and nanowire.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 1, wherein the polarizing plate includes one or more functional layers selected from the group consisting of a protective layer, a phase difference adjustment layer, and a refractive index adjustment layer.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 1, wherein the polarizing plate has a thickness of 30 to 200㎛.
The method according to claim 3, comprising a liquid crystal layer formed by injecting a liquid crystal medium into the space formed by the sealant, wherein the liquid crystal layer is one type selected from the group consisting of a ball spacer and a column spacer. A variable transmittance optical laminate comprising the above spacer.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 12, wherein the spacer has a height of 1 to 10 μm.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 12, wherein an occupied area of the spacer within the liquid crystal layer is 0.01% to 10% of the liquid crystal layer area.
The variable transmittance optical laminate of claim 1, further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of an overcoat layer, an adhesive layer, an ultraviolet absorbing layer, and a hard coating layer.
Manufacturing a first and second laminates by directly forming a first transparent conductive layer and a second transparent conductive layer on one surface of the first polarizer and the second polarizer, respectively (S10);
forming a first wiring electrode and a second wiring electrode on the first inactive area of the first laminate and the second inactive area of the second laminate, respectively (S20);
Forming a sealant along the outer peripheral surface of the first active region of the first laminate (S30);
Forming a liquid crystal layer by injecting a liquid crystal medium into the space formed by the sealant (S40); and
A method of manufacturing a variable transmittance optical laminate, comprising arranging an insulating member between the first inactive area and the second inactive area and then bonding the first laminate and the second laminate (S50),
A method of manufacturing a variable transmittance optical laminate, which does not include the step of (half) cutting the first inactive area and the second inactive area.
The method of claim 16, wherein in the step (S50), the first wiring electrodes and the second wiring electrodes are arranged alternately and bonded so that they protrude outward in the same direction.
A smart window comprising the variable transmittance optical laminate of any one of claims 1 to 15.
A means of transportation comprising the smart window of claim 18.
A vehicle in which the smart window of claim 18 is applied to at least one of the front window, rear window, side window, sunroof window, and interior partition.
A wearable device comprising the smart window of claim 18.
An architectural window comprising the smart window of claim 18.