KR102612568B1 - Method for joining metal element to basic material and metal element-basic material assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for combining metal elements and a metal element-base material assembly are disclosed. The disclosed method of combining metal elements includes a base material setting step of placing a base material on a lower mold including a waste discharge portion on the upper side; A metal comprising a body extending in the direction of the thickness of the base material, a head portion connected to the body and extended in the radial direction to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the body, and a coupling groove dug inward at the boundary between the body and the head. A metal element setting step of placing the element on the base material so that the body portion and the waist discharge portion are aligned; and a pressing step of pressing the metal element toward the base material so that the body portion penetrates the base material, the head portion is in close contact with the upper side of the base material, and a portion of the base material is plastically deformed and filled in the coupling groove.

Description

Metal element joining method and metal element-base material assembly {METHOD FOR JOINING METAL ELEMENT TO BASIC MATERIAL AND METAL ELEMENT-BASIC MATERIAL ASSEMBLY}

The present invention relates to a metal element joining method for coupling a metal element to a base material so that the metal element made of a metal material penetrates the base material, and to a metal element-base material assembly manufactured using this method.

In accordance with the trend of lightweighting of transportation means such as vehicles, ships, airplanes, and trains, the bonding between members of different materials, such as joining members made of steel and members made of non-ferrous metals, is expanding.

Among the methods of joining members of different materials, resistance element welding (REW) involves overlapping a first member made of a first member and a second member made of a different material on a first member made of a metal material, and connecting the second member in the thickness direction. This is a joining method of joining a first member and a second member by inserting a metal element of the same material as that of the first member into a through hole passing through the first member and joining the first member and the metal element through resistance welding.

The conventional method of joining members of different materials using resistance element welding has a problem in that the metal element does not penetrate the second member or the part of the second member through which the metal element penetrates is severely deformed, resulting in defective joining. . On the other hand, when a through hole through which a metal element penetrates is formed in advance in the second member, the productivity of the joining work is reduced due to the through hole forming process, and a joining defect in which the joining force is reduced may occur.

The background technology of the present invention is disclosed in Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1936486 (registered on January 2, 2019, title of invention: Resistance welding fastener, device and method).

The present invention is intended to improve the above-mentioned problems, including a metal element joining method for coupling a metal element to a base material so that the metal element made of a metal material penetrates the base material without previously forming a through hole in the base material, and using this method. Provided is a metal element-base material assembly manufactured by doing so.

The present invention includes a base material setting step of placing a base material on a lower mold including a waste discharge portion on the upper side; It includes a body portion extending in the thickness direction of the base material, and a head portion connected to the body portion and extended in a radial direction to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the body portion, and recessed inward at a boundary portion of the body portion and the head portion. A metal element setting step of placing a metal element with a coupling groove on the base material so that the body part and the waist discharge part are aligned; and a pressing step of pressing the metal element toward the base material so that the body part penetrates the base material, the head part is in close contact with the upper side of the base material, and a portion of the base material is plastically deformed and filled in the coupling groove. Provides a method for combining metal elements including:

The lower mold includes an annular protrusion that protrudes upward around the waist discharge portion, surrounds the waist discharge portion and extends along an annular path, and in the pressing step, the annular protrusion presses the lower side of the base material to form the lower mold. Forming an intermediate protrusion forming a concave groove corresponding to the annular protrusion on a side surface and forming an intermediate protrusion protruding upward on an upper side of the base material located outside the body portion; and a coupling protrusion forming step in which the intermediate protrusion is inserted into the coupling groove while being deformed to correspond to the shape of the inner surface of the coupling groove to form a coupling protrusion.

The inner diameter of the annular path of the annular protrusion may be greater than or equal to the diameter of the body portion and smaller than the diameter of the head portion.

The waist discharge unit includes a through hole penetrating the lower mold in a vertical direction, and the pressing step separates the body portion and a portion of the base material aligned with the through hole from the base material to form a waist. It may include a step of discharging waste through the through hole.

The metal element may be made of a steel material, and the base material may be made of a non-ferrous metal material whose unit weight and strength are smaller than the steel material.

The present invention includes a body portion extending in a vertical direction and a head portion connected to the body portion and extended in a radial direction to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the body portion, and a head portion that is recessed inward at a boundary portion of the body portion and the head portion. A metal element with a coupling groove formed thereon; An upper side penetrating through the body part and in close contact with the head part, and a coupling protrusion formed by being inserted into the coupling groove while protruding from a part facing the boundary part and being modified to correspond to the shape of the inner surface of the coupling groove. It provides a metal element-base material assembly including; a base material including a.

The coupling groove may extend along the annular path of the body portion.

The coupling groove may include an extension therein having a width greater than the width of the entrance of the coupling groove.

The coupling groove may extend inward at an angle of 10 to 50° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the body portion.

The metal element may be made of a steel material, and the base material may be made of a non-ferrous metal material whose unit weight and strength are smaller than the steel material.

According to the present invention, when the metal element with the coupling groove formed is pressed toward the base material, a portion of the base material is plastically deformed and filled in the coupling groove, and the metal element is reliably coupled to the base material. Therefore, the metal element-base material assembly can be manufactured quickly and easily.

According to the present invention, the lower mold includes a waste discharge portion, so that the metal element reliably penetrates the base material and is separated from the base material simply by pressing the metal element toward the base material without forming a through hole through which the body part penetrates the base material in advance. The waste can be transferred to the waste discharge section. Therefore, the productivity of the metal element-base material assembly in which the metal element is fixed to the base material is improved.

Since the metal element-base material assembly is fixed in position without shaking the metal element relative to the base material, the productivity of the work of overlapping and welding the metal element-base material assembly and the metal sheet is improved, and the yield of good products of the dissimilar material joint manufactured through welding work is also improved. It can be.

1 to 3 are cross-sectional views sequentially showing a method of combining metal elements according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a metal element-base material assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a heterogeneous material joint including the metal element-base material assembly of FIG. 4.

Hereinafter, a method for combining metal elements and a metal element-base material assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terminology used in this specification is a term used to appropriately express preferred embodiments of the present invention, and may vary depending on the intention of the user or operator or the customs of the field to which the present invention belongs. Therefore, definitions of these terms should be made based on the content throughout this specification.

1 to 3 are cross-sectional views sequentially showing a method of combining metal elements according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a metal element-base material assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the method of combining metal elements according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base material setting step (S100), a metal element setting step (S200), and a pressing step (S300).

Referring to FIG. 1, the base material setting step (S100) is a step of placing the base material 21 on the lower mold 1. The lower mold 1 may include a waste discharge portion. Specifically, the lower mold 1 may be made of a metal material with stronger strength than the metal element 30.

The waste 29 separated from the base material 21 during the work process of the metal element joining method is transferred to the waste discharge portion. Specifically, the waste discharge portion may include a through hole 2 that penetrates the lower mold 1 in the vertical direction.

The lower mold 1 has an annular protrusion 5 that protrudes upward around the through hole 2 of the waste discharge portion, surrounds the waste discharge portion, and extends along an annular path centered on the axis AX of the metal element 30. It can be included.

The base material 21 may be a plate. In the base material setting step (S100), the lower side 24 of the base material 21 may be supported in contact with the annular protrusion 5. In this case, since the annular protrusion 5 protrudes upward from the upper side 3 of the lower mold 1, the lower side 24 of the base material 21 is spaced apart from the upper side 3 of the lower mold 1. You can.

The metal element setting step (S200) is a step of placing the metal element 30 on the base material 21. The metal element 30 may include a head portion 31 and a body portion 35. The body portion 35 may be a cylindrical or polygonal column-shaped portion extending in the thickness direction of the base material 21. The head portion 31 is connected to the top of the body portion 35 and may be expanded in the radial direction to have a diameter (HD) larger than the diameter (BD) of the body portion (35).

The metal element 30 may be made of a material that is easy to weld and has excellent bonding strength by welding, such as steel. The base material 21 may be made of a non-ferrous metal material, such as aluminum alloy, which has a unit weight and strength smaller than that of a steel material.

A coupling groove 40 may be formed in the metal element 30 inward at the boundary between the outer peripheral surface 37 of the body 35 and the lower side 33 of the head 31. The coupling groove 40 may extend along an annular path centered on the axis AX of the metal element 30 extending in the longitudinal direction of the body portion 35.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3 , the coupling groove 40 may extend inside the body portion 35 at an angle (AN) of 10 to 50° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the body portion 35 . In other words, in FIG. 2, the angle AN between the straight line VL parallel to the axis AX and the straight line GL extending in the direction in which the coupling groove 40 is dug may be 10 to 50°.

If the inclination angle (AN) of the coupling groove 40 is less than 10°, even if a portion of the base material 21 is filled in the coupling groove 40 and the coupling protrusion 26 is formed through the pressing step (S300) described later, The metal element 30 can be easily pulled out and separated from the base material 21 by an external force in a direction parallel to the axis AX.

If the inclination angle (AN) of the coupling groove 40 is greater than 50°, it is difficult for a portion of the base material 21 to be filled to the deepest point of the coupling groove 40 in the pressurizing step (S300) described later. In other words, the protruding length of the coupling protrusion 26 becomes smaller than the depth DT of the coupling groove 40, so the coupling force of the metal element 30 to the base material 21 may be insufficient.

The coupling groove 40 may include an expanded portion 43 deeper than the inlet 41 and having a width W2 greater than the width W1 of the inlet 41. In this case, the coupling protrusion 26 is formed in a shape corresponding to the shape of the inner surface of the coupling groove 40, so that it cannot fall out of the coupling groove 40 unless broken, like a hook. Accordingly, in the metal element-base material assembly 20 (see FIG. 4), the metal element 30 can be coupled to the base material 21 with greater bonding force.

In the metal element setting step (S200), the metal element 30 is placed on the upper side 22 of the base material 21 so that the body portion 35 and the through hole 2 of the waste discharge portion are aligned upward and downward. Specifically, the center of the through hole 2 is located on the axis AX of the metal element 30 and the lower side 36 of the body portion 35 is in contact with the upper side 22 of the base material 21. The metal element 30 may be placed on the base material 21.

In the pressing step (S300), the body portion 35 penetrates the base material 21, the head portion 31 is in close contact with the upper side 22 of the base material 21, and one part of the base material 21 is placed in the coupling groove 40. This is a step of pressing the metal element 30 toward the base material 21 so that the portion is plastically deformed and filled.

The base material 21 supported in the lower mold 1 by hitting the upper side 32 of the head 31 with the upper mold 10 or pressing down by contacting the upper side 32 of the head 31. The body portion 35 may be inserted into. The upper mold 10 may be, for example, a hammer or press.

The pressing step (S300) may include an intermediate protrusion forming step (S310), a coupling protrusion forming step (S320), and a waste releasing step (S330). Referring to FIG. 2, in the intermediate protrusion forming step (S310), the annular protrusion 5 is formed on the lower side of the base material 21 as the metal element 30 presses the base material 21 downward by the upper mold 10. 24) is pressed to form a concave groove 25 corresponding to the protruding shape of the annular protrusion 5 on the lower side, and on the upper side 22 of the base material 21 located outside the body portion 35. This is the step of forming the intermediate protrusion 27 protruding upward.

Referring to FIG. 3, in the coupling protrusion forming step (S320), the intermediate protrusion 27 is transformed to correspond to the shape of the inner surface of the coupling groove 40 and is inserted into the coupling groove 40 to form the coupling protrusion 26. It's a step.

The inner diameter PD of the annular path of the annular protrusion 5 (see FIG. 1) is greater than or equal to the diameter BD of the body 35 (see FIG. 1) and is larger than the diameter HD of the head 31. It can be small. If the size of the inner diameter (PD) of the annular path is smaller than the diameter (BD) of the body portion 35, it is difficult for the metal element 30 to be smoothly inserted to penetrate the base material 21, and the metal element 30 is difficult to insert into the base material (21). 21) may be deformed, or the base material 21 may be severely deformed. If the size of the inner diameter PD of the annular path is larger than the diameter BD of the body portion 35, the intermediate protrusion 27 cannot be formed at a position corresponding to the coupling groove 40.

The protrusion height (PH) of the annular protrusion 5 (see FIG. 1) and the depth DT of the coupling groove 40 (see FIG. 2) may be the same. However, the protrusion height (PH) of the annular protrusion (5) and the depth (DT) of the coupling groove (40) do not have to be exactly the same, and if they are the same within an error range of 20%, the coupling groove (40) will be tightly spaced up to the deep point. The coupling protrusion 26 may be formed to be filled.

In the waste discharge step (S330), the part of the base material 21 aligned with the body portion 35 and the through hole 2 is separated from the base material 21 to form a waist 29, and the waist 29 is formed through the through hole ( This is the stage of release through 2).

To elaborate, as the body portion 35 is inserted into the base material 21 in the pressing step (S300), the portion of the base material 21 aligned with the body portion 35 and the through hole 2 is plastically deformed to form the through hole. It can penetrate into the interior of (2). In this way, the part 28 (see FIG. 2) that penetrates into the through hole 2 gradually expands and the lower side 36 of the body portion 35 is exposed to the lower side 24 of the base material 21. When the portion 35 is inserted into the base material 21, the portion 28 immersed into the through hole 2 may be separated from the base material 21 to form the waste 29. The waist 29 may be released below the lower mold 1 through the through hole 2.

The intermediate protrusion forming step (S310), the coupling protrusion forming step (S320), and the waste discharge step (S330) are performed simultaneously during a short period of time during which the upper mold 10 presses the metal element 30 downward and rises back to its original position. You can.

When the pressing step (S300) is completed, the upper side 22 of the base material 21 is in close contact with the lower side 33 of the head part 31, and the lower side 36 of the body part 35 is attached to the base material 21. It is exposed to be visible from the lower side 24, and the coupling protrusion 26 has a shape corresponding to the inner surface of the coupling groove 40, so that the metal element-base material assembly 20 filled in the coupling groove 40 is formed. You can. The completed metal element-base material assembly 20 can be separated from the lower mold 1.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a heterogeneous material joint including the metal element-base material assembly of FIG. 4. Referring to FIG. 5, a heterogeneous material joint 60 can be manufactured by welding and joining the metal element-base material assembly 20 and the metal plate 50. For example, the dissimilar material joint 60 can be manufactured using an electric resistance welding method.

Specifically, the method of manufacturing the heterogeneous material conjugate 60 is as follows. First, the metal element-base material assembly 20 is placed on the metal plate 50 so that the lower side 36 of the body portion 35 of the metal element 30 faces the upper side 51 of the metal plate 50. Let go.

Next, the upper electrode (not shown) is brought into contact with the upper side 32 of the head part 31, the lower electrode (not shown) is brought into contact with the lower side 53 of the metal plate 50, and the upper electrode and Connect the lower electrode so that it can conduct electricity.

Next, a voltage is applied between the upper electrode and the lower electrode to melt the opposing portions of the upper side 51 of the metal plate 50 and the lower side 36 of the body portion 35, and are melted and integrated. The portion is cooled and hardened to form a welded portion 55 that is integrally joined. While the opposing portions of the upper side 51 of the metal plate 50 and the lower side 36 of the body 35 are melted, the upper and lower electrodes may be pressed in a direction to approach each other.

The metal plate 50 may be formed of the same material as that of the metal element 30. For example, the metal plate 50 may be made of steel. The heterogeneous material joint 60 is lighter and has no less strength than a plate made of only steel material, so it can be applied to the body of a transportation vehicle such as a vehicle, airplane, or train, for example.

According to the metal element coupling method described above, when the metal element 30 on which the coupling groove 40 is formed is pressed toward the base material 21, a portion of the base material 21 is plastically deformed and filled in the coupling groove 40. The metal element 30 is reliably coupled to the base material 21. Therefore, the metal element-base material assembly 20 can be manufactured quickly and easily.

In addition, since the lower mold 1 includes a waste discharge portion, it is possible to simply press the metal element 30 toward the base material 21 without forming a through hole through which the body portion 35 penetrates the base material 21 in advance. The metal element 30 is reliably coupled through the base material 21, and the waste 29 separated from the base material 21 can be moved to the waste discharge portion. Accordingly, the productivity of the metal element-base material assembly 20 in which the metal element 30 is fixed to the base material 21 is improved.

Since the metal element 30 of the metal element-base material assembly 20 is fixed in position without shaking relative to the base material 21, the productivity of the work of overlapping and welding the metal element-base material assembly 20 and the metal plate 50 is also improved. , the yield of good products of the heterogeneous material joint 60 manufactured through welding work can also be improved.

The present invention has been described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings, but this is merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and other equivalent embodiments are possible therefrom. You will understand. Therefore, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims.

1: Lower mold 5: Annular protrusion
10: Upper mold 20: Metal element-base material assembly
21: base material 26: coupling protrusion
30: Metal element 31: Head part
35: body part 40: coupling groove
50: Metal plate 60: Heterogeneous material joint

Claims (10)

A base material setting step of placing a base material on a lower mold including a waste discharge portion on the upper side;
It includes a body portion extending in the thickness direction of the base material, and a head portion connected to the body portion and extended in a radial direction to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the body portion, and recessed inward at a boundary portion of the body portion and the head portion. A metal element setting step of placing a metal element with a coupling groove on the base material so that the body part and the waist discharge part are aligned; and
A pressing step of pressing the metal element toward the base material so that the body part penetrates the base material, the head part is in close contact with the upper side of the base material, and a portion of the base material is plastically deformed and filled in the coupling groove. do,
The lower mold includes an annular protrusion that protrudes upward around the waist discharge portion, surrounds the waist discharge portion, and extends along an annular path,
The pressurizing step is,
The annular protrusion presses the lower side of the base material to form a concave groove corresponding to the annular protrusion on the lower side, and forms a middle protrusion protruding upward on the upper side of the base material located outside the body portion. Protrusion formation step; and
A coupling protrusion forming step in which the intermediate protrusion is deformed to correspond to the shape of the inner surface of the coupling groove and is inserted into the coupling groove to form a coupling protrusion,
The coupling groove includes an extension therein having a width greater than the width of the entrance of the coupling groove,
The angle between a straight line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the body portion and a straight line extending in the direction in which the coupling groove is dug is 10 to 50°,
A metal element coupling method, wherein the protrusion height of the annular protrusion protruding upward and the depth of the coupling groove inclined in the direction of the coupling groove are the same within an error range of 20%.
delete According to claim 1,
A metal element coupling method, wherein the inner diameter of the annular path of the annular protrusion is greater than or equal to the diameter of the body portion and is smaller than the diameter of the head portion.
According to claim 1,
The waste discharge portion includes a through hole penetrating the lower mold in a vertical direction,
The pressurizing step is,
A waste discharge step of separating a portion of the base material aligned with the body portion and the through hole from the base material to form a waste, and discharging the waste through the through hole.
According to claim 1,
The metal element is made of steel material,
A method of combining metal elements, characterized in that the base material is made of a non-ferrous metal material whose unit weight and strength are smaller than the steel material.
It includes a body portion extending in the vertical direction and a head portion connected to the body portion and expanded in a radial direction to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the body portion, and a coupling groove recessed inward at the boundary portion of the body portion and the head portion is formed. metal elements; and
An upper side penetrating through the body part and in close contact with the head part, and a coupling protrusion formed by being inserted into the coupling groove while protruding from a part facing the boundary part and being modified to correspond to the shape of the inner surface of the coupling groove. A base material containing a; containing,
The coupling groove includes an extension therein having a width greater than the width of the entrance of the coupling groove,
A metal element-base material assembly, characterized in that the angle between a straight line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the body portion and a straight line extending in the direction in which the coupling groove is dug is 10 to 50°.
According to clause 6,
A metal element-base material assembly, characterized in that the coupling groove extends along the annular path of the body part.
delete delete According to clause 6,
The metal element is made of steel material,
A metal element-base material assembly, characterized in that the base material is made of a non-ferrous metal material with a unit weight and strength smaller than the steel material.

Images