US20070044292A1 - Method for blind rivet welding - Google Patents
Method for blind rivet welding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070044292A1 US20070044292A1 US11/215,197 US21519705A US2007044292A1 US 20070044292 A1 US20070044292 A1 US 20070044292A1 US 21519705 A US21519705 A US 21519705A US 2007044292 A1 US2007044292 A1 US 2007044292A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rivet
- mandrel
- head
- blind rivet
- blind
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/04—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically
- B21J15/043—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically by pulling a mandrel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/002—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K11/004—Welding of a small piece to a great or broad piece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/002—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K11/004—Welding of a small piece to a great or broad piece
- B23K11/0066—Riveting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/34—Preliminary treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
- Y10T29/49943—Riveting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
- Y10T29/49954—Fastener deformed after application
- Y10T29/49956—Riveting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improved method for blind riveting together a pair of members.
- a blind rivet assembly It is known to attach together a pair of members using a blind rivet assembly.
- the use of a blind rivet to attach members together is particularly useful in the assembly or repair of vehicle bodies or other applications in which access can be obtained to only one side of one of the members (a top member), with the other member (a bottom member) being hidden and inaccessible below the top member.
- aligned holes are provided in the top and bottom members.
- a blind rivet assembly is inserted through the aligned holes.
- the blind rivet includes a rivet head that abuts the top member and a hollow rivet shank that is integral with the rivet head and reaches through and beyond the aligned holes and has a terminal end.
- the blind rivet assembly also includes a mandrel, the mandrel having a mandrel stem that extends thorough the hollow rivet and includes a mandrel head that abuts the terminal end of the rivet shank.
- a tool holds the rivet head in contact with the top member and forcibly withdraws the mandrel to thereby cause the mandrel head to axially collapse and radially expand the terminal end of the rivet shank into engagement with the bottom member to thereby attach the top member and the bottom member together.
- Weld current is then applied to the rivet head to thereby weld the blind rivet in place.
- FIG. 1 is a section view through a top member and a bottom member that are to be attached together and showing a blind rivet assembly seated in aligned holes in the members;
- FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing a tool positioned over the blind rivet assembly
- FIG. 3 show that the jaws of the tool have gripped the mandrel of the blind rivet assembly
- FIG. 4 shows that the jaws of the tool have been actuated to withdraw the mandrel and thereby cause the head of the mandrel to expand the rivet shank of the blind rivet into engagement with the bottom member;
- FIG. 5 shows that the mandrel has been fractured
- FIG. 6 shows that weld current has been applied through the tool to weld the blind rivet assembly in place.
- a top member 10 is a sheet metal panel and a bottom member 12 is a metal tube. The top member and the bottom member are to be attached together.
- a hole 14 is drilled, pierced, or otherwise provided through the top member 10 and an aligned hole 16 is provided in the bottom member 12 .
- a blind rivet assembly 18 is inserted through the aligned holes 14 and 16 .
- the blind rivet assembly 18 includes a blind rivet 22 and a mandrel 24 .
- the blind rivet 22 has a rivet head 26 and a hollow rivet shank 28 that are integrally formed in one piece.
- the rivet head 26 rests on the top face 30 of the top member 10 .
- the hollow rivet shank 28 extends through the aligned holes 14 and 16 and is somewhat longer than the combined thickness of the top and member members 10 and 12 and has terminal end 32 that ends somewhat beyond the bottom face 34 of the bottom member 12 .
- the mandrel 24 includes a stem 38 that extends through the blind rivet 22 and has an enlarged mandrel head 40 at its terminal end. As seen in FIG. 1 , the mandrel 24 is longer than the length of the blind rivet 22 so that the stem 38 extends well above the rivet head 26 of the blind rivet 22 .
- the mandrel head 40 is larger than the inner diameter of the hollow rivet shank 28 of the blind rivet 22 , but smaller than the diameter of the aligned holes 14 and 16 so that the blind rivet assembly 18 can be inserted through the aligned holes 14 and 16 .
- the mandrel stem 38 has a weakness, particularly a fracture notch at 42 to define a fracture region in the stem 38 , as will be discussed hereinafter.
- a blind rivet installation tool is used to install the blind rivet assembly 18 .
- the tool includes an anvil 50 in the form of a hollow sleeve and having an anvil end 52 that is pressed against the rivet head 26 .
- a plurality of opposed jaws are situated within the anvil head 50 and operated by an actuator and collet mechanism, not shown, by which the jaws cooperate to grip the mandrel stem 38 and forcibly withdraw the mandrel stem 38 in the upward direction as viewed in the drawing Figures, as will be discussed hereinafter.
- FIG. 2 the tool is shown with the anvil 50 pressed against the rivet head 26 and the jaws 54 and 56 in open positions surrounding the mandrel stem 38 .
- FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show the progressive actuation of the blind rivet installation tool 48 to install the blind rivet assembly 18 .
- the jaws 54 and 56 have been partially withdrawn in the upward direction and moved together into gripping relationship with the mandrel stem 38 .
- the jaws 54 and 56 are shown with teeth that assure effective gripping of the mandrel stem 38 .
- the mandrel stem 38 may also be provided with grooves, not shown, to further promote gripping by the jaws 54 and 56 .
- the jaws 54 and 56 have been forcibly withdrawn causing the mandrel stem 38 to have been drawn upwardly so that the mandrel head 40 has contacted the terminal end 32 of the rivet shank 28 and worked to axially collapse and radially expand the rivet shank 28 to form an expanded head 60 that engages with the underside 34 of the lower member 12 .
- the top member 10 and the bottom member 12 are tightly captured between the rivet head 22 and the expanded head 60 of the rivet shank 28 , thereby fastening together the top member 10 and the bottom member 12 .
- the anvil 50 of the installation tool has an electrical cable 70 attached thereto.
- the cable 70 connects to a resistance welder 72 so that the anvil 50 serves as an electrode.
- An electrode 74 is placed against the upper member 10 a short distance from the rivet head 22 .
- Cable 76 connects electrode 74 to the welder 72 .
- FIG. 6 shows that weld current has been applied to the anvil 50 and to the electrode 74 so that the rivet shank 28 of the blind rivet 22 has become welded by the heat resulting from the conduction of the weld current through the rivet assembly 18 and the top member 10 . Accordingly, the blind rivet 22 is held in place, and the upper member 10 and the lower member 12 are connected together, by both the welded connection and by the mechanical clamping of the top and bottom member between the rivet head 26 and the expanded head 60 of the hollow rivet shank 28 .
- the anvil 50 and the electrode 74 may be a copper material in order to promote the welding process.
- a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the extent and quality of the weld will be determined by control of the customary welding variables such as the relative thickness and materials of the top and bottom member 10 , the size and materials of the blind rivet assembly 18 , the distance between the electrodes, the weld current, the duration of the weld current, and the forces with which the electrodes are held against the rivet head 26 and the top member 10 of the weld. Accordingly, in some cases, the weld current may develop material melting and metallurgical bonding between the mandrel 24 and the rivet 22 , as well as melting and bonding between the rivet and the top and bottom members 10 and 12 .
- the fracture of the mandrel may occur either before, during, or after the application of the weld current.
- blind rivet assemblies are available in many shapes and designs, and the present invention is not limited to the particular style of blind rivet assembly shown in the drawings.
- the electrode 74 may be mounted on a common tool support mechanism, not shown, with the installation tool 48 and anvil 50 so that the electrode 74 is forced against the top member 10 simultaneous with the placement of the anvil 50 against the blind rivet head 26 .
- the electrode 74 may be separately moved into contact with the top member 10 by its own support mechanism, not shown. In addition, in that circumstance where the bottom member 12 is accessible, it may be desirable to place the electrode 74 against the bottom member 12 instead of against the top member 10 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an improved method for blind riveting together a pair of members.
- It is known to attach together a pair of members using a blind rivet assembly. The use of a blind rivet to attach members together is particularly useful in the assembly or repair of vehicle bodies or other applications in which access can be obtained to only one side of one of the members (a top member), with the other member (a bottom member) being hidden and inaccessible below the top member.
- It would be desirable to provide improvements in the blind rivet method of attaching members together. For example, improvements to make such attachments stronger and more vibration proof would be desirable.
- In an improved method of blind rivet fastening aligned holes are provided in the top and bottom members. A blind rivet assembly is inserted through the aligned holes. The blind rivet includes a rivet head that abuts the top member and a hollow rivet shank that is integral with the rivet head and reaches through and beyond the aligned holes and has a terminal end. The blind rivet assembly also includes a mandrel, the mandrel having a mandrel stem that extends thorough the hollow rivet and includes a mandrel head that abuts the terminal end of the rivet shank. A tool holds the rivet head in contact with the top member and forcibly withdraws the mandrel to thereby cause the mandrel head to axially collapse and radially expand the terminal end of the rivet shank into engagement with the bottom member to thereby attach the top member and the bottom member together. Weld current is then applied to the rivet head to thereby weld the blind rivet in place.
- Further areas of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating exemplary embodiments of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
- The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a section view through a top member and a bottom member that are to be attached together and showing a blind rivet assembly seated in aligned holes in the members; -
FIG. 2 is a view similar toFIG. 1 but showing a tool positioned over the blind rivet assembly; -
FIG. 3 show that the jaws of the tool have gripped the mandrel of the blind rivet assembly; -
FIG. 4 shows that the jaws of the tool have been actuated to withdraw the mandrel and thereby cause the head of the mandrel to expand the rivet shank of the blind rivet into engagement with the bottom member; -
FIG. 5 shows that the mandrel has been fractured; - and
FIG. 6 shows that weld current has been applied through the tool to weld the blind rivet assembly in place. - Referring to
FIG. 1 , atop member 10 is a sheet metal panel and abottom member 12 is a metal tube. The top member and the bottom member are to be attached together. - A
hole 14 is drilled, pierced, or otherwise provided through thetop member 10 and an alignedhole 16 is provided in thebottom member 12. - A
blind rivet assembly 18 is inserted through the alignedholes blind rivet assembly 18 includes ablind rivet 22 and amandrel 24. - The
blind rivet 22 has arivet head 26 and ahollow rivet shank 28 that are integrally formed in one piece. Therivet head 26 rests on thetop face 30 of thetop member 10. Thehollow rivet shank 28 extends through the alignedholes member members terminal end 32 that ends somewhat beyond thebottom face 34 of thebottom member 12. - The
mandrel 24 includes astem 38 that extends through theblind rivet 22 and has an enlargedmandrel head 40 at its terminal end. As seen inFIG. 1 , themandrel 24 is longer than the length of theblind rivet 22 so that thestem 38 extends well above therivet head 26 of theblind rivet 22. Themandrel head 40 is larger than the inner diameter of the hollowrivet shank 28 of theblind rivet 22, but smaller than the diameter of the alignedholes blind rivet assembly 18 can be inserted through the alignedholes mandrel stem 38 has a weakness, particularly a fracture notch at 42 to define a fracture region in thestem 38, as will be discussed hereinafter. - Referring to
FIG. 2 , a blind rivet installation tool, generally indicated at 48, is used to install theblind rivet assembly 18. The tool includes ananvil 50 in the form of a hollow sleeve and having ananvil end 52 that is pressed against therivet head 26. A plurality of opposed jaws, of whichjaws anvil head 50 and operated by an actuator and collet mechanism, not shown, by which the jaws cooperate to grip themandrel stem 38 and forcibly withdraw themandrel stem 38 in the upward direction as viewed in the drawing Figures, as will be discussed hereinafter. - In
FIG. 2 , the tool is shown with theanvil 50 pressed against therivet head 26 and thejaws mandrel stem 38. -
FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show the progressive actuation of the blindrivet installation tool 48 to install theblind rivet assembly 18. InFIG. 3 , thejaws mandrel stem 38. It will be appreciated that thejaws mandrel stem 38. Themandrel stem 38 may also be provided with grooves, not shown, to further promote gripping by thejaws - In
FIG. 4 , thejaws mandrel stem 38 to have been drawn upwardly so that themandrel head 40 has contacted theterminal end 32 of therivet shank 28 and worked to axially collapse and radially expand therivet shank 28 to form an expandedhead 60 that engages with theunderside 34 of thelower member 12. Thus, thetop member 10 and thebottom member 12 are tightly captured between therivet head 22 and the expandedhead 60 of therivet shank 28, thereby fastening together thetop member 10 and thebottom member 12. - In
FIG. 5 , thejaws mandrel stem 38 has fractured, as facilitated by thefracture notch 42. - Referring to
FIG. 6 , it is seen that theanvil 50 of the installation tool has anelectrical cable 70 attached thereto. Thecable 70 connects to aresistance welder 72 so that theanvil 50 serves as an electrode. Anelectrode 74 is placed against the upper member 10 a short distance from therivet head 22. Cable 76 connectselectrode 74 to thewelder 72. -
FIG. 6 shows that weld current has been applied to theanvil 50 and to theelectrode 74 so that therivet shank 28 of theblind rivet 22 has become welded by the heat resulting from the conduction of the weld current through therivet assembly 18 and thetop member 10. Accordingly, theblind rivet 22 is held in place, and theupper member 10 and thelower member 12 are connected together, by both the welded connection and by the mechanical clamping of the top and bottom member between therivet head 26 and the expandedhead 60 of thehollow rivet shank 28. - The
anvil 50 and theelectrode 74 may be a copper material in order to promote the welding process. A person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the extent and quality of the weld will be determined by control of the customary welding variables such as the relative thickness and materials of the top andbottom member 10, the size and materials of theblind rivet assembly 18, the distance between the electrodes, the weld current, the duration of the weld current, and the forces with which the electrodes are held against therivet head 26 and thetop member 10 of the weld. Accordingly, in some cases, the weld current may develop material melting and metallurgical bonding between themandrel 24 and therivet 22, as well as melting and bonding between the rivet and the top andbottom members - The forgoing description of the invention is merely exemplary in nature and, thus, variations thereof are intended to be within the scope of the invention. For example, the fracture of the mandrel, as shown in
FIG. 6 , may occur either before, during, or after the application of the weld current. Furthermore, its is known that blind rivet assemblies are available in many shapes and designs, and the present invention is not limited to the particular style of blind rivet assembly shown in the drawings. In addition, theelectrode 74 may be mounted on a common tool support mechanism, not shown, with theinstallation tool 48 andanvil 50 so that theelectrode 74 is forced against thetop member 10 simultaneous with the placement of theanvil 50 against theblind rivet head 26. Alternatively, theelectrode 74 may be separately moved into contact with thetop member 10 by its own support mechanism, not shown. In addition, in that circumstance where thebottom member 12 is accessible, it may be desirable to place theelectrode 74 against thebottom member 12 instead of against thetop member 10.
Claims (19)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/215,197 US20070044292A1 (en) | 2005-08-30 | 2005-08-30 | Method for blind rivet welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/215,197 US20070044292A1 (en) | 2005-08-30 | 2005-08-30 | Method for blind rivet welding |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20070044292A1 true US20070044292A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
Family
ID=37802040
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/215,197 Abandoned US20070044292A1 (en) | 2005-08-30 | 2005-08-30 | Method for blind rivet welding |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US20070044292A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110302755A1 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-15 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Method for repairing self-piercing riveted workpieces |
US20120210557A1 (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2012-08-23 | Newfrey Llc | Blind rivet |
US20170066043A1 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-09 | Vvg-Befestigungstechnik Gmbh & Co. | Method for setting up a handheld riveter |
US20180154426A1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-07 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Hybrid workpiece joining |
US20220176528A1 (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-09 | Dubuis et Cie. SAS | Joining tool for joining a deformable element to a workpiece |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3938657A (en) * | 1972-11-16 | 1976-02-17 | David Melvin J | Blind rivet assembly |
US4261245A (en) * | 1976-12-10 | 1981-04-14 | Usm Corporation | Fastener |
US6612013B2 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2003-09-02 | General Motors Corporation | Method of loosely attaching blind rivet |
US20040148760A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-05 | Pei-Chung Wang | Method of joining a sheet metal part to a metal tube |
US20040194284A1 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-07 | Pei-Chung Wang | Adhesive encapsulated blind rivet system |
-
2005
- 2005-08-30 US US11/215,197 patent/US20070044292A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3938657A (en) * | 1972-11-16 | 1976-02-17 | David Melvin J | Blind rivet assembly |
US4261245A (en) * | 1976-12-10 | 1981-04-14 | Usm Corporation | Fastener |
US6612013B2 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2003-09-02 | General Motors Corporation | Method of loosely attaching blind rivet |
US20040148760A1 (en) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-05 | Pei-Chung Wang | Method of joining a sheet metal part to a metal tube |
US20040194284A1 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-07 | Pei-Chung Wang | Adhesive encapsulated blind rivet system |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120210557A1 (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2012-08-23 | Newfrey Llc | Blind rivet |
US20110302755A1 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-12-15 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Method for repairing self-piercing riveted workpieces |
US8402633B2 (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2013-03-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for repairing self-piercing riveted workpieces |
US20170066043A1 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2017-03-09 | Vvg-Befestigungstechnik Gmbh & Co. | Method for setting up a handheld riveter |
US20180154426A1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-07 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Hybrid workpiece joining |
CN108160898A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-15 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Mix workpiece engagement |
US10682684B2 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2020-06-16 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Hybrid workpiece joining |
US20220176528A1 (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-09 | Dubuis et Cie. SAS | Joining tool for joining a deformable element to a workpiece |
US11511403B2 (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-11-29 | Dubuis Et Cie S.A.S. | Joining tool for joining a deformable element to a workpiece |
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