KR102605015B1 - Method for Preparing Liquid Fertilizer by Organic Waste Reduction Treatment using Multi-Complex Fermented Microorganisms and Environment-Friendly Liquid Fertilizer Prepared Thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for producing liquid fertilizer by reducing the amount of organic waste using fermentation technology of complex microorganisms, and an eco-friendly liquid fertilizer manufactured therefrom.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a step of receiving organic waste from the outside and mixing it with complex fermentation microorganisms to activate the complex fermentation microorganisms, and lysing and decomposing the organic waste through the action of the activated complex fermentation microorganisms to form organic waste. Solubilizing waste, separating the solubilized organic waste into solid-liquid and supernatant and excess sludge, and removing residual organic substances from the solid-liquid separated supernatant, dissolving particulate inorganic substances, and discharging them as liquid fertilizer. It provides a method for producing liquid fertilizer by complex fermentation microorganism reduction treatment of organic waste, comprising:

Description

Method for preparing liquid fertilizer by reducing treatment of organic waste using complex fermentation microorganisms and eco-friendly liquid fertilizer produced thereby }

The present invention relates to a method for producing liquid fertilizer produced through reduction processing of organic waste using fermentation technology of complex microorganisms, and to an environmentally friendly liquid fertilizer produced therefrom.

The content described in this section simply provides background information for this embodiment and does not constitute prior art.

Due to system revisions such as the ban on direct landfilling of organic waste and the ban on ocean dumping, interest in technologies that can efficiently process organic waste, such as reduction and recycling of organic waste, is rapidly increasing.

In general, organic waste includes water-containing solids such as food waste and livestock waste, sewage and wastewater surplus sludge generated from sewage and wastewater treatment plants, and dehydrated cakes in which the above-mentioned wastes are primarily dehydrated.

Technologies commonly applied to reduce organic waste include coagulation with chemicals, ozone treatment, mechanical dehydration, heat treatment, drying, and incineration. These technologies increase energy consumption and operating costs to reduce organic waste. , there are problems such as secondary effects caused by the use of drugs.

On the other hand, biological organic waste reduction methods are expanding because they are more environmentally friendly than the physical, chemical, and thermal treatment methods described above. However, the method of treating organic waste through aerobic digestion also has the problem of requiring energy to maintain the temperature of the digester, and anaerobic digestion technology, a representative organic waste treatment technology, also has limitations in fundamentally blocking or minimizing the discharge of waste.

Meanwhile, organic waste contains a large amount of trace elements as well as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium necessary for plant growth, so it can be a useful resource for improving soil physicochemical properties and increasing fertility. However, on the other hand, recycling of organic waste is difficult because organic waste has many potential problems related to food safety and qualitative decline in the soil environment due to the possibility of residual harmful heavy metals, bad odors, or pathogenic microorganisms.

Therefore, recently, a lot of research has been conducted in terms of recycling of the waste itself, and various attempts have been made to manufacture fertilizer using the abundant organic matter of organic waste.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-1914556 (2018.11.02.) Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2022-0102276 (2022.07.20.)

In one embodiment of the present invention, liquid fertilizer is manufactured only through the process of decomposing organic waste by adding complex fermentation microorganisms in the process of solubilizing organic waste without the addition of separate chemicals or subsequent treatments such as mechanical dehydration, heat treatment, and drying. The purpose is to provide a method for producing liquid fertilizer that can reduce and process organic waste in an environmentally friendly manner and at the same time convert available resources contained in organic waste into liquid fertilizer, and provide an eco-friendly liquid fertilizer manufactured therefrom.

According to one aspect of the present invention, in the method of producing liquid fertilizer by reducing the amount of organic waste using complex microbial fermentation technology, organic waste is introduced from the outside and mixed with complex fermentation microorganisms to activate the complex fermentation microorganisms. A step of solubilizing organic waste while lysing and decomposing the organic waste by the action of the activated complex fermentation microorganisms; Separating the solubilized organic waste into solid and liquid into a supernatant and excess sludge; and separating the solid and liquid. It provides a method for producing liquid fertilizer by complex fermentation microbial reduction treatment of organic waste, comprising the steps of removing residual organic substances from the supernatant, dissolving particulate inorganic substances, and discharging them as liquid fertilizer.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the step of activating the complex fermentation microorganisms by mixing the complex fermentation microorganisms and organic waste includes receiving complex fermentation microorganisms cultured in a seed microorganism culture tank and mixing them with organic waste to activate the microorganisms, The complex fermentation microorganisms are supplied at a preset ratio with respect to the received organic waste and are mixed.

According to one aspect of the present invention, in the step of solubilizing the organic waste, a plurality of unit fermentation liquefaction tanks are arranged in series so that the organic waste is sequentially fermented and decomposed, and the most downstream of the plurality of unit fermentation liquefaction tanks is fermented and liquefied. The tank is characterized in that it is formed 1.5 to 2 times larger than the capacity of the upstream fermentation liquefaction tank.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the step of separating the solubilized organic waste into solid-liquid and supernatant and excess sludge is performed by using any one of a membrane bioreactor (MBR), a flotation tank, a centrifugal separation tank, and a gravity sedimentation tank. It is characterized by separation.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the step of removing the residual organic material, dissolving the particulate inorganic material, and discharging it as liquid fertilizer is characterized in that it is performed by a fixed bed biofilm reactor.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the seed microorganism is characterized in that it includes at least one of Bacillus sp. microorganisms or Lactobacillus sp. microorganisms.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the organic waste flowing in from the outside is any one selected from the group consisting of surplus sludge generated from a sewage and wastewater treatment device, pre-treated food waste, food waste water, livestock manure, or a mixture thereof. It is characterized by being.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is a fermentation mixing tank that receives organic waste from the outside and mixes it with complex fermentation microorganisms to activate the complex fermentation microorganisms, and receives the complex fermentation microorganisms and organic waste mixed in the fermentation mixing tank to activate the complex fermentation microorganisms. A composite of organic waste for producing liquid fertilizer, including a fermentation liquefaction tank that dissolves and decomposes organic waste by the action of and a fermentation synthesis tank that receives waste from which organic matter is decomposed in the fermentation liquefaction tank and separates solid and liquid. A fermentation microorganism treatment device is provided.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the organic waste flowing into the fermentation mixing tank is any selected from the group consisting of surplus sludge generated from a sewage and wastewater treatment device, pre-treated food waste, food waste water, and livestock manure, or mixtures thereof. It is characterized by being one.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the fermentation mixing tank receives complex fermentation microorganisms from a seed microorganism culture tank, and the seed microorganisms are at least one of Bacillus sp. or Lactobacillus sp. It includes one or more seed microorganisms, and the seed microorganism culture tank is characterized by cultivating seed microorganisms within the system, mixing them with incoming organic waste at a preset ratio, and activating complex fermentation microorganisms.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an eco-friendly liquid fertilizer manufactured from organic waste, wherein the liquid fertilizer is manufactured by a manufacturing method by complex fermentation microbial treatment of the organic waste.

As described above, according to one aspect of the present invention, organic waste is solubilized by generating cell lysis by complex fermentation microorganisms using complex fermentation microorganisms, thereby producing a final product in which particulate matter is decomposed and removed from organic waste. The advantage is that treated water can be used directly as liquid fertilizer without additional post-processing, which is advantageous in reducing waste disposal costs and recovering resources.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the solubilization treatment of organic waste by complex fermentation microorganisms does not require any separate chemicals for metabolism by complex fermentation microorganisms, and solids discharged due to the high decomposition efficiency of organic waste during the treatment process. Since this rarely occurs, additional energy-consuming reduction processes such as dehydration or drying equipment for post-treatment of waste can be omitted, which has the advantage of enabling environmentally friendly reduction treatment of organic waste.

In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, through solubilization by complex fermentation microorganisms, solids and non-degradable organic matter contained in organic waste (sludge) are decomposed and removed and converted into liquid fertilizer containing only effective ingredients, thereby producing high-quality fertilizer. There is an advantage in that liquid fertilizer can be distributed economically.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing a process diagram of a complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste for producing liquid fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a diagram showing the mechanism of organic waste reduction treatment by complex fermentation microorganisms in the complex fermentation microorganism treatment device for organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a graph showing changes in the quality of the final treated water discharged from the complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a flowchart showing a method for producing eco-friendly liquid fertilizer by reducing and treating organic waste using complex fermentation microorganisms according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a photograph showing the results of a comparative test of sown crops against an eco-friendly liquid fertilizer manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a photograph showing the results of a growth test and comparison test of lettuce for an eco-friendly liquid fertilizer prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a test report of pathogenic microorganism testing and comparative evaluation against crops for an eco-friendly liquid fertilizer manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Since the present invention can make various changes and have various embodiments, specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all changes, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention. While describing each drawing, similar reference numerals are used for similar components.

Terms such as first, second, A, and B may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be named a first component without departing from the scope of the present invention. The term and/or includes any of a plurality of related stated items or a combination of a plurality of related stated items.

When a component is said to be "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is understood that it may be directly connected to or connected to the other component, but that other components may exist in between. It should be. On the other hand, when it is mentioned that a component is “directly connected” or “directly connected” to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between.

The terms used in this application are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this application, terms such as "include" or "have" should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition possibility of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification. .

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by a person of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related technology, and unless explicitly defined in the present application, should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal sense. No.

Additionally, each configuration, process, process, or method included in each embodiment of the present invention may be shared within the scope of not being technically contradictory to each other.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing a process diagram of a complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste for producing liquid fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The liquid fertilizer according to the present invention is manufactured by solubilizing high-concentration organic waste using complex fermentation microorganisms and recycling the final treated water discharged. The final treated water discharged by solubilizing organic waste contains various trace inorganic substances in addition to the appropriate levels of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium necessary for plant growth.

The solubilization treatment of organic waste of the present invention is performed by lysing and decomposing the organic waste by complex fermentation microorganisms, and as a result, the product finally discharged from the complex fermentation microorganism treatment device contains almost no particulate matter such as solids. It is treated water containing only dissolved organic/inorganic substances. Therefore, the treated water discharged from the complex fermentation microbial treatment device can be used as liquid fertilizer itself without any additional post-processing.

Referring to Figure 1, the complex fermentation microbial treatment device 100 of organic waste for producing liquid fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as 'processing device 100') includes a fermentation mixing tank 110. ), seed microorganism culture tank 120, fermentation liquefaction tank 130, fermentation synthesis tank 140, catalyst synthesis tank 150, and treatment tank 160. The processing device 100 may be implemented as a single device and include the above-described components, or each of the above-described components may be implemented as a single device or process.

The fermentation mixing tank 110 receives a high concentration of organic waste flowing in from the outside and the activated sludge returned from the fermentation synthesis tank 140, and activates the complex fermentation microbial agent and organic waste input from the seed microorganism culture tank 120. Mix the sludge.

The fermentation mixing tank 110 increases the activity of the microorganisms by mixing the input fermentation microorganisms and organic waste so that organic matter is effectively removed from the fermentation liquefaction tank 130. For this purpose, the fermentation mixing tank 110 is maintained in an aerobic environment, and aeration and rest are repeated according to a preset cycle. The fermentation microorganisms and organic waste mixed in the fermentation mixing tank 110 are discharged to the fermentation liquefaction tank 130.

Meanwhile, high-concentration organic waste flowing in from outside may be selected from the group consisting of surplus sludge generated from sewage and wastewater treatment equipment, pre-treated food waste, food waste water, livestock manure, and mixtures thereof.

Such organic waste (sludge) may be collected in a separate storage tank (not shown) before being introduced into the fermentation mixing tank 110, and separate pretreatment may be performed for effective treatment of the organic waste.

As an example, food waste sludge can be transported to the fermentation mixing tank 110 in a state that is shredded to an appropriate size through crushing screening or gravity sorting, and in the case of livestock manure sludge, it is transferred to the fermentation mixing tank 110 after removing contaminants. It can be. In addition, when two or more types of organic waste are mixed and treated, individual pretreatment may be performed depending on the type of each waste and then mixed in the fermentation mixing tank 110. However, the pretreatment method for organic waste is not limited to this.

The seed microorganism culture tank 120 cultivates seed microorganisms of complex fermentation microorganisms for treating organic waste and supplies complex fermentation microbial material to the fermentation mixing tank 110 at a preset ratio.

To this end, the seed microorganism culture tank 120 receives seed microorganisms from the outside and receives surplus sludge generated from a sewage treatment plant as a substrate to cultivate complex fermentation microorganisms. Complex fermentation microorganisms cultured in the seed microorganism culture tank 120 may be composed of a mixture of fermentation microorganisms and synthetic microorganisms that use fermentation products.

Seed microorganisms may include microorganisms capable of performing fermentation metabolism, and may include microorganisms capable of decomposing carbon compounds or fixing nitrogen compounds.

The complex fermentation microbial treatment device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention uses Bacillus sp. or Lactobacillus spp. as seed microorganisms in order to utilize the final product from solubilization of organic waste as fertilizer. Lactobacillus sp. ) may include at least one of the microorganisms.

Bacillus sp. Microorganisms are preferably from the group consisting of Bacillus pumilus , Bacillus brevis , Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus licheniformis . Any one or more may be selected.

Additionally, Lactobacillus sp. may be selected from the group consisting of Lactobacillus casei , Lactobacillus planatarum , and Lactobacillus fermentus .

The preset rate at which complex fermentation microbial material is introduced from the seed microorganism culture tank 120 into the fermentation mixing tank 110 is, for example, 3% (v/v) with respect to the amount of organic waste flowing into the fermentation mixing tank 110. It may be a ratio within .

The fermentation liquefaction tank 130 receives a mixture of complex fermentation microorganisms and organic waste from the fermentation mixing tank 110, decomposes the organic waste (sludge), and reduces the waste.

The fermentation liquefaction tank 130 may be composed of one or more reaction tanks, and the number of fermentation liquefaction tanks may vary depending on the type (property and concentration, etc.) of the organic waste flowing into the system 100.

When the incoming organic waste is at a high concentration, it is preferable to include at least three, more preferably four, fermentation liquefaction tanks, but the number of reaction tanks constituting the fermentation liquefaction tank 130 is not limited to this.

As an example, the fermentation liquefaction tank 130 includes a first fermentation liquefaction tank 132, a second fermentation liquefaction tank 136, and a third fermentation liquefaction tank 139, and the first to third fermentation liquefaction tanks 133 , 136, 139) are arranged adjacent to each other in series. In the case of high-concentration organic waste, the fermentation and decomposition efficiency of the organic waste can be further improved as the organic waste sequentially passes through a plurality of fermentation and liquefaction tanks (133, 136, and 139).

When the fermentation liquefaction tank 130 is comprised of a plurality of fermentation liquefaction tanks, the fermentation liquefaction tank located most downstream may be formed with a capacity 1.5 to 2.0 times larger than the fermentation liquefaction tank on the upstream side. As an example, when composed of a three-stage fermentation liquefaction tank (133, 136, 139), the capacity of the third fermentation liquefaction tank (139) is 1.5 times the capacity of the first and second fermentation liquefaction tanks (133, 136). It can be formed 2.0 times larger.

In the first to third fermentation liquefaction tanks (133, 136, 139), a metabolic process in which organic matter is decomposed by aerobic and anaerobic fermentation microorganisms occurs. To this end, each fermentation liquefaction tank (133, 136, 139) is maintained in an aerobic and anaerobic environment, and higher dissolved oxygen is maintained compared to the fermentation mixing tank (110) for dismantling organic waste (sludge) and decomposing organic matter. .

In order to maintain an aerobic and anaerobic environment, each fermentation liquefaction tank (133, 136, 139) is repeatedly aerated and paused according to a preset cycle (Cycle). As an example, the preset cycle of the fermentation liquefaction tank 130 may consist of 20 hours of abandonment followed by 4 hours of rest.

While passing through the first to third fermentation tanks (133, 136, and 139) sequentially, organic matter is decomposed to form sludge in a solubilized state and is discharged to the fermentation synthesis tank (140).

The processing device 100 of the present invention forms the fermentation liquefaction tank 130 into a plurality of reaction tanks arranged in series, and further, the capacity of the most downstream fermentation liquefaction tank is larger than that of the upstream fermentation liquefaction tank, The sludge residence time in the liquefaction tank 130 can be further extended.

At this time, the F/M ratio of the fermentation liquefaction tank 130 becomes relatively low. As a result, the fermentation liquefaction tank 130 generates not only a metabolic action to decompose organic matter by microorganisms, but also a decomposition action of inorganic solids (Fixed Suspended Solids, FSS). The mechanism by which organic waste is solubilized and reduced in a preset environment created in the treatment device 100 is shown in FIG. 2.

Figure 2 is a diagram showing the mechanism of reduction treatment of organic waste (sludge) by complex fermentation microorganisms in the complex fermentation microorganism treatment apparatus 100 for organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 2, it can be seen that the solubilization of sludge by complex fermentation microorganisms is achieved through complex actions.

The treatment device 100 of the present invention is maintained with a relatively long sludge retention time (SRT) and a low F/M ratio, so the reaction tanks in the treatment device 100 where organic waste and complex microorganisms come into contact, that is, In the fermentation mixing tank 110, the fermentation liquefaction tank 130, and the fermentation synthesis tank 140, an oil and fat metabolism process in which organic matter is decomposed by microorganisms proceeds.

In the process of oil and fat metabolism, complex microorganisms generate oil and fat energy by using dissolved organic and inorganic substances released through hydrolysis of nutrients contained in organic waste (sludge) and lysis of microorganisms.

Solubilization of organic waste (sludge) is achieved by the Lysis-Cryptic Growth process of microorganisms. In the lysis-hidden growth process, cells are destroyed and dissolved by hydrolytic enzymes, and as microorganisms reuse the lysate and dissolved minerals for new cell growth, organic waste is solubilized and ultimately waste reduction is achieved. .

Referring again to FIG. 1, the fermentation synthesis tank 140 receives the sludge discharged from the fermentation liquefaction tank 130 and performs solid-liquid separation, and the solid-liquid separated treated water is discharged to the catalyst synthesis tank 150 for treatment. , some of the sludge accumulated in the reaction tank after being separated from solid and liquid is returned to the fermentation mixing tank 110 to accelerate the activation of fermentation microorganisms in the fermentation mixing tank 110.

The fermentation synthesis tank 140 can be configured in various forms on the premise that it performs the function of solid-liquid separation, and is used for solid-liquid separation such as a membrane bioreactor (MBR), flotation tank, centrifuge tank, and gravity sedimentation tank. Any one of the reaction tanks may be selected and configured.

For example, when the fermentation synthesis tank 140 is a membrane bioreactor (MBR), the membrane immersed in the reaction tank may be a hollow fiber membrane. In particular, by applying a hollow fiber membrane with an effective pore size of about 0.1㎛, sludge and treated water are filtered and separated in the fermentation synthesis tank 140.

In the treatment device 100 of the present invention, the hydraulic retention time (HRT) from the fermentation mixing tank 110 to the fermentation synthesis tank 140 is about 40 to 75 days. However, the residence time (HRT) of the treatment device 100 may change depending on the inflow rate of organic waste.

Meanwhile, the surplus sludge drawn from the fermentation synthesis tank 140 to be returned to the fermentation mixing tank 110 may be in the range of 20 to 40% (v/v) of the amount of organic waste flowing into the treatment device 100. .

Biological treatment of organic waste can improve waste treatment efficiency depending on the number of activated microorganisms, that is, effective microorganisms, in the reaction tank. It is generally known that the activated sludge method requires an effective microbial population of 10 ⁶ to 10 ⁹ CFU/ml.

Therefore, the effective population of microorganisms in the treatment device 100 is very important to improve the solubilization rate of organic waste (sludge) and implement zero-discharge treatment of solids. In particular, in order to treat high concentration organic waste to a liquid fertilizer level treated water quality through reduction treatment, an effective microbial population of at least 10 ¹³ bacteria/ml or more must be formed in the treatment device 100. To this end, the treatment device 100 returns the surplus sludge from the fermentation synthesis tank 140 to the fermentation mixing tank 110 to maintain the effective number of microorganisms in the device.

At this time, the treatment device 100 may further include a separate return sludge fermentation tank (not shown) within the surplus sludge return line, if necessary. The returned sludge fermentation tank (not shown) receives some of the surplus sludge accumulated in the fermentation synthesis tank 140, re-ferments it, activates microorganisms in the surplus sludge, and then returns it to the fermentation mixing tank 110, thereby processing device 100. ) can increase the effective microbial population within.

When a return sludge fermentation tank (not shown) is included, the ratio of surplus sludge returned to the fermentation mixing tank 110 through the return sludge fermentation tank (not shown) is preferably 30% (v/v) or more, but is not limited to this. It may vary depending on the type and nature of the incoming organic waste. Additionally, the returned sludge fermentation tank (not shown) may be composed of at least one fermentation tank, and when it is composed of a plurality of fermentation tanks, the unit fermentation tanks may be arranged in series. The number of unit fermenters constituting the returned sludge fermentation tank (not shown) may also vary depending on the type and concentration of the incoming organic waste.

In addition, when a returned sludge fermentation tank (not shown) is included, the returned sludge fermentation tank (not shown) may receive complex fermentation microbial agents at a preset ratio from the seed microorganism culture tank 120 as needed. When receiving complex fermentation microbial preparations, the preset ratio may be within 3% (v/v) of the organic waste inflow.

The catalyst synthesis tank 150 receives the supernatant separated from solid and liquid in the fermentation synthesis tank 140, removes residual organic substances and particulate matter contained in the supernatant, and then discharges the final treated water into the treatment water tank 160.

The catalyst synthesis tank 150 can be applied by selecting any one of reactors capable of filtering residual particulate matter, such as a membrane bioreactor (MBR), fixed-bed bioreactor (FFB), activated carbon filter, etc.

For example, if the catalyst synthesis tank 150 is a fixed bed biofilm reactor (FFB), it may be implemented as a multi-stage reaction tank. The catalyst synthesis tank 150 is also operated in an aerobic state, and is operated in a manner in which aeration and rest are repeated according to the same cycle as the other reaction tanks described above.

In the catalyst synthesis tank 150, particulate inorganic matter (PIM) is further dissolved by the organic acids and fermentation products contained in the supernatant water received from the fermentation synthesis tank 140, and as a result, the catalyst synthesis tank 150 ) contains higher concentrations of inorganic elements such as magnesium (Mg), silicon (Si), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) than the treated water from other unit reaction tanks in the previous stage.

Table 1 shows the results of measuring the content of inorganic elements in each unit reaction tank while operating the complex fermentation microbial treatment device 100 for organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention for 302 days.

ingredient Fermentation mixing tank
(mg/L) Fermentation liquid tank
(mg/L) Fermentation synthesis tank
(mg/L) Catalyst synthesis tank
(mg/L) Na 36.06 36.64 38.84 55.28 Mg 12.84 11.99 17.62 23.24 Al 0.08 0.02 4.13 3.87 Si 11.17 11.29 34.61 21.69 P 18.71 1.15 7.62 5.25 S 7.02 8.82 11.62 15.51 K 43.25 31.90 48.81 66.53 Ca 30.94 35.19 54.15 69.22 Mn 0.16 0.31 1.83 2.33 Fe 0.09 0.11 0.14 0.10 Cu 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07 Zn 0.24 0.82 7.28 10.17 Sr. 0.25 0.28 0.45 0.60 Ba 0.23 3.53 6.84 6.29

As described above, the concentration of inorganic elements gradually increased from the inlet side of the treatment device 100 through the downstream reaction tank. In particular, it can be confirmed that the concentration of inorganic elements contained in the supernatant of the fermentation synthesis tank 140 and the catalyst synthesis tank 150 is significantly increased compared to the previous fermentation mixing tank 110 and the fermentation liquefaction tank 130. .

Through the lysis-cryptic growth process in the fermentation liquefaction tank 130, particulate organic waste and non-decomposable organic substances are primarily decomposed, forming organic acids and fermentation intermediates, and forming organic acids and fermentation intermediates on the downstream side. This is interpreted as a result of the dissolution of particulate inorganic matter (PIM) by organic acids and fermentation intermediates in the fermentation synthesis tank 140 and the catalyst synthesis tank 150.

In particular, the increase in concentration of silicon (Si) component can be seen as direct evidence of solubilization of organic waste (sludge).

As shown in Table 1, the treated water discharged from the catalyst synthesis tank 150 contains trace elements such as magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and potassium (K), so the treatment device ( The final treated water produced in 100) is suitable for use as fertilizer.

The treatment water tank 160 receives the treated water discharged from the catalyst synthesis tank 150 and temporarily stores it until it is used as eco-friendly liquid fertilizer. The stored treated water itself can be supplied to be used as liquid fertilizer. .

The final treated water flowing into the treatment tank 160 undergoes a series of complex microbial fermentation reactions to sufficiently remove particulate matter and solubilize non-degradable organic substances, and is subject to separate purification and/or filtration processes. It has sufficient water quality to be supplied directly as liquid fertilizer without going through a process. The treated water quality of the final treated water discharged from the treatment device 100 is shown in FIG. 3.

Figure 3 is a graph showing the change in water quality of the final treated water collected in the treatment tank 160 through the operation of the complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3(a) shows the BOD, COD, and SS of the final treated water, and Figure 3(b) shows the T-N and T-P concentrations of the final treated water.

During the operation period of the treatment device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the average water quality of organic waste flowing into the treatment device 100 is BOD 3,938 mg/L, COD 3,009 mg/L, SS 12,366 mg/L, T-N was 547 mg/L and T-P was 356 mg/L.

Referring to FIG. 3, after an operation period of 200 days has elapsed, the water quality of the treated water collected into the treatment water tank 160 averages BOD 1 to 2 mg/L, COD 55 to 75 mg/L, and SS 1.0 mg/L. L, T-N were confirmed to be 60-75 mg/L and T-P 10-14 mg/L.

Therefore, the organic waste treatment device 100 using the complex fermentation microorganism of the present invention achieved a removal rate of more than 98% of organic and particulate matter through the solubilization treatment process of organic waste, and also removed more than 80% of T-N and T-P. It was possible.

From these results, the organic waste treatment device 100 using the metabolic action of complex fermentation microorganisms according to an embodiment of the present invention not only produces final treated water from which most particulate matter has been removed, but also produces organic waste (sludge) ), it is also possible to achieve a waste reduction effect close to zero sludge discharge.

That is, the liquid fertilizer production device according to an embodiment of the present invention applies only the fermentation and decomposition effects of complex fermentation microorganisms without the input of separate chemicals in producing organic waste by reducing the amount, thereby providing environmentally friendly waste treatment and Manufacture of fertilizer can be implemented.

The liquid fertilizer manufactured from the treatment device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is separately based on the organic components, nutrients, and trace elements contained in the final treated water that has undergone reduction treatment of organic waste by complex fermentation microorganisms. It can be directly used in plant cultivation without including any post-processing processes.

Figure 4 is a flowchart showing a method for producing eco-friendly liquid fertilizer by reducing and treating organic waste using complex fermentation microorganisms according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The fermentation mixing tank 110 receives organic waste (S410).

The fermentation mixing tank 110 activates the complex fermentation microorganisms by mixing the incoming organic waste and the complex fermentation microbial material supplied from the seed microorganism culture tank 120 for a preset time, and the mixed waste and microorganisms are mixed in the fermentation liquefaction tank ( 130) and discharged to (S420).

At this time, the fermentation mixing tank 110 may receive some of the surplus sludge accumulated in the fermentation synthesis tank 140, thereby promoting the activation of complex fermentation microorganisms.

The fermentation liquefaction tank 130 solubilizes organic waste while advancing the metabolic action of complex fermentation microorganisms, and discharges the treated organic waste into the fermentation synthesis tank 140 (S430).

The fermentation liquefaction tank 130 solubilizes and reduces organic waste (sludge) through the lysis-cryptic growth process of complex fermentation microorganisms.

The fermentation liquefaction tank 130 is equipped with a plurality of unit fermentation liquefaction tanks in series, solubilization treatment by fermentation microorganisms is sequentially performed, and aeration and rest are repeated according to a preset cycle. As an example, the preset cycle of the fermentation liquefaction tank 130 may consist of 20 hours of abandonment followed by 4 hours of rest.

The solubilized organic waste is separated into solid and liquid in the fermentation synthesis tank 140, and the separated supernatant is discharged to the catalyst synthesis tank 150 (S440).

The catalyst synthesis tank 150 receives the supernatant separated from the fermentation synthesis tank 140 and performs a reaction to remove residual organic substances and dissolve particulate inorganic substances (S450).

The treated water from which organic substances are removed and particulate inorganic substances dissolved in the catalyst synthesis tank 150 is collected into the treated water tank 160, and the collected treated water is supplied as liquid fertilizer (S460).

Below, the suitability and performance as a fertilizer were evaluated through the plant comparison test and growth test results for the eco-friendly liquid fertilizer manufactured through the complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Example 1: Comparison test on sowed crops

A comparative test was conducted on the final treated water that had passed through the complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste in one embodiment of the present invention to determine its suitability as an eco-friendly liquid fertilizer.

The complex fermentation microorganism treatment device 100 according to one embodiment was applied to solubilization of organic waste by cultivating complex fermentation microorganisms including Bacillus licheniformis as a seed microorganism.

Organic waste was solubilized by receiving surplus sludge generated from a sewage treatment plant, and for liquid fertilizer, the final treated water discharged from the treatment device 100 after an operation period of more than 200 days was used as a sample.

The liquid fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention contains inorganic and organic substances at the levels described above in FIG. 3 and Table 1.

In the comparison test, peanuts (native species), sesame seeds (Pungang sesame) and peas (Cheongjinju) are sown in pots and the presence or absence of fertilizers is investigated on the 3rd, 5th and 7th days after foliar application. A cross-examination was conducted to determine whether or not there was noncompliance based on the comparison criteria of the quality inspection method and sample collection standards.

In the comparison test, the liquid fertilizer of the example was fertilized at a standard amount (500-fold dilution), a double amount (250-fold dilution), and a 4-fold amount (125-fold dilution), and an untreated group (no fertilizer treatment) was applied as the control group in the comparison test. It has been done.

Figure 5 is a photograph showing the results of a comparative test of sown crops against liquid fertilizer prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5(a) is a photograph showing the results of a comparative test on peanuts, Figure 5(b) is a photograph showing the results of a comparative test on sesame, and Figure 5(c) is a photograph showing the results of a comparative test on peas.

Referring to Figure 5, as a result of foliar application of liquid fertilizer prepared according to an example to peanuts, sesame seeds, and peas at the standard amount, double amount, and 4 times the amount, it was confirmed that no comparison was observed until the 7th day of investigation. No unusual findings were observed compared to the control group (untreated). Table 2 summarizes the comparative test results for peanuts, sesame seeds, and peas evaluated using the Dalgwan survey method.

test crop Fertilization details Comparison degree (0~4) final result After fertilization
Day 3 After fertilization
Day 5 After fertilization
Day 7 peanut standard amount 0 0 0 No comparison distribution 0 0 0 No comparison 4 times the amount 0 0 0 No comparison Sesame standard amount 0 0 0 No comparison distribution 0 0 0 No comparison 4 times the amount 0 0 0 No comparison pea standard amount 0 0 0 No comparison distribution 0 0 0 No comparison 4 times the amount 0 0 0 No comparison

Example 2: Effectiveness and comparison test on lettuce plant cultivation

An effectiveness and comparison test on lettuce was conducted on the liquid fertilizer according to an example prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 above.

Lettuce was grown using a mulching method, and the effectiveness test was performed on an untreated group without fertilizer, a control group fertilized with fertilizer containing a preset amount of trace elements, and a standard amount of liquid fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention. The examples were each fertilized in double doses, and the comparative test was performed in the same manner as Example 1.

Figure 6 is a photograph showing the results of a growth test and comparison test of lettuce for an eco-friendly liquid fertilizer prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6(a) is a photograph showing the growth results of the lettuce ineffectiveness test, and Figure 6(b) is a photograph showing the results of the comparison test for lettuce.

For the efficacy test on lettuce, fertilizer treatment was carried out by foliage treatment twice at 7-day intervals during the growing season, and the types of fertilizers used in the test are summarized in Table 3.

Untreated group control group Example 2-1 Example 2-2 composition - Boric acid 0.05%+
Molybdic acid 0.0005% liquid fertilizer
standard amount
(500 times diluted) liquid fertilizer
distribution
(250 times diluted)

Fertilizer super long leaf print leaf width cm jisoo(%) cm jisoo(%) cm jisoo(%) Untreated group 17.3 c ¹ - 17.2b - 17.3c - control group 20.9 b 120.7 20.4a 118.3 19.7 b 114.2 Example 2-1
(standard amount) 21.3 ab 123.1 20.7a 120.2 20.6a 119.2 Example 2-2
(quantity) 21.7a 125.7 20.6a 119.9 20.1a 116.6 1. Duncan's Multiple Range Test 5% significance level.

Fertilizer Muscle weight (g/week) Number of leaves (each/week) g jisoo(%) lobe ² jisoo(%) Untreated group 6.6 - 7.7 b - control group 6.8 2.8 10.4a 134.8 Example 2-1
(standard amount) 6.2 0.0 10.5a 135.7 Example 2-2
(quantity) 6.4 0.0 10.5a 135.2 2. Excluding lobules less than 2cm.

Fertilizer Live weight (g/week) Yield (kg/20㎡) g jisoo(%) lobe jisoo(%) Untreated group 55.4 c - 27.7c - control group 75.6 b 136.5 37.8 b 136.5 Example 2-1
(standard amount) 80.3a 145.0 40.1a 145.0 Example 2-2
(quantity) 80.0a 144.6 40.0a 144.6

Tables 4 to 6 above are the results of efficacy tests conducted on lettuce 28 days after planting, Tables 4-5 are the results of the growth survey, and Table 6 are the results of the quantity survey. In the present invention, the efficacy test was conducted in accordance with the Agricultural Science and Technology Research and Analysis Standards.

From the results of the efficacy test disclosed in Tables 4 to 6 and the growth test photo disclosed in Figure 6(a), when the liquid fertilizer prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention is fertilized in the standard amount and double amount, the growth and yield of lettuce In terms of this, it can be seen that there is a statistically significant effect compared to the untreated group and the control group.

In addition, referring to the comparison test results in Figure 6(b), as a result of performing an external observation survey on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th days after foliar application, it was found that the liquid fertilizer of the present invention was applied in the standard amount, double amount, and 4 times the amount. In this case, no symptoms were observed compared to the growth of lettuce.

Meanwhile, in the growth and comparison test of liquid fertilizer through lettuce cultivation, test soil was collected and soil characteristics before and after the test were analyzed, and the results are presented in Table 7.

process TN
(%) EC
(ds/m) pH
(1:5) organic matter
(%) Available phosphoric acid
(mg/kg) CEC
(cmol ⁺ /kg) Substitutional cation
(cmol ⁺ /kg) K ⁺ Ca2 ⁺ Mg ²⁺ Before exam 0.23 1.03 6.26 1.14 130.7 18.34 1.24 9.90 2.25 city
Hum
after Untreated 0.18 0.28 6.64 3.57 505.1 17.45 1.03 8.91 2.02 standard amount 0.20 0.42 6.45 2.33 408.4 19.15 1.27 9.44 2.49 distribution 0.25 0.86 5.87 2.79 374.1 22.78 2.21 10.46 2.57

Looking at the chemical changes in the soil before and after the growth test through lettuce cultivation, available phosphoric acid, pH, organic matter, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) tended to increase in the soil after the test compared to the soil before the test. After the plant cultivation test, it can be seen that no significant differences were found in the physicochemical properties of the soil in the entire treatment section.

Summarizing the results of the effectiveness and non-efficacy tests on the plants of the above examples, the liquid fertilizer produced by complex fermentation microbial treatment of organic waste in one example of the present invention has a better growth rate compared to the untreated group that did not use fertilizer. It can be confirmed that it shows an excellent effect, and even when compared to the control group fertilized with fertilizer containing trace elements, it was confirmed that it can exert a similar or more significant effect in growth performance such as total yield, fresh weight, and number of leaves.

Figure 7 is an official test report for the test results for five types of pathogenic microorganisms for liquid fertilizer manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention and comparison evaluation with crops.

Figure 7(a) is a pathogenic microorganism test report, and Figure 7(b) is a comparative evaluation report for crops.

Referring to FIG. 7(a), the final treated water discharged from treating organic waste from the complex fermentation microbial treatment device of an embodiment of the present invention contains pathogenic E. coli O157 ( Escherichia coli O157:H7), salmonella ( Salmonella spp. ), It can be confirmed that major pathogenic microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus , Listeria monocytogenes , and Bacillus cereus do not remain. In addition, Figure 7(b) shows the results of comparative evaluation of carrots, green onions, crown crowns, lettuce, and Chinese cabbage through additional comparison tests, and it can be seen that, like the above-described examples, no comparison with plants occurred. You can.

Therefore, the eco-friendly liquid fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present invention not only has sufficient stability to be used as a fertilizer for plant cultivation, but can also achieve equivalent or better performance compared to conventional trace element fertilizers.

According to the liquid fertilizer manufacturing method using the complex fermentation microorganism treatment device for organic waste of the present invention, the final treated water discharged only through the treatment process of organic waste by dissolution and decomposition of complex fermentation microorganisms can be converted into fertilizer, through which It can provide a solution to the problem of processing organic waste.

In addition, the liquid fertilizer manufacturing method of the present invention has technical significance in terms of resource recycling because it can recover resources suitable for fertilizer from organic waste.

Furthermore, the liquid fertilizer produced in the complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste of the present invention does not use any chemicals in the process of treating organic waste and using the final treated water discharged as fertilizer, making it an eco-friendly organic waste product. It can be said to be a processing and manufacturing method of liquid fertilizer.

On the other hand, when the complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste of the present invention is installed interlocked with or parallel to the existing sewage treatment plant equipment, complex fermentation microorganisms are produced without the existing mechanical dehydration device and heat treatment, drying, and incineration processes for waste treatment. It can be reduced through metabolism, and waste treatment in a zero-emission form in which no solid matter is substantially discharged can also be performed.

The above description is merely an illustrative explanation of the technical idea of the present embodiment, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications and variations without departing from the essential characteristics of the present embodiment. Accordingly, the present embodiments are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present embodiment, but rather to explain it, and the scope of the technical idea of the present embodiment is not limited by these examples. The scope of protection of this embodiment should be interpreted in accordance with the claims below, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be interpreted as being included in the scope of rights of this embodiment.

100: Complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste
110: Fermentation mixing tank
120: Seed microorganism culture tank
130: Fermentation liquefaction tank
133: First fermentation liquefaction tank
136: Second fermentation liquefaction tank
139: Third fermentation liquefaction tank
140: Fermentation synthesis tank
150: Catalyst synthesis tank
160: Treatment tank

Claims (11)

In the method of producing liquid fertilizer by reducing the amount of organic waste using complex microbial fermentation technology,
A step of receiving organic waste from the outside and mixing it with complex fermentation microorganisms while maintaining an aerobic environment to activate the complex fermentation microorganisms;
Solubilizing the organic waste by receiving a mixture of the activated complex fermentation microorganisms and organic waste and dissolving and decomposing the organic waste through the metabolic action of the complex fermentation microorganisms;
Separating the solubilized organic waste into solid-liquid and supernatant and excess sludge; and
It includes removing residual organic substances from the solid-liquid separated supernatant, dissolving particulate inorganic substances, and discharging them as liquid fertilizer,
The step of removing the residual organic material, dissolving the particulate inorganic material, and discharging it as liquid fertilizer is performed by a fixed bed biofilm reactor,
The step of solubilizing the organic waste is,
A plurality of unit fermentation liquefaction tanks are arranged in series, and each unit fermentation liquefaction tank is repeatedly maintained in an aerobic and anaerobic environment according to a preset cycle so that organic waste is sequentially fermented and decomposed,
Among the plurality of unit fermentation liquefaction tanks, the downstream fermentation liquefaction tank is 1.5 to 2 times larger than the capacity of the upstream fermentation liquefaction tank to extend the sludge residence time so that organic matter decomposition metabolism and inorganic solids (FSS) decomposition action also occur. A method for producing liquid fertilizer by complex fermentation microorganism reduction treatment of organic waste, characterized in that: According to paragraph 1,
The step of activating the complex fermentation microorganisms by mixing the complex fermentation microorganisms with organic waste,
Complex fermentation microorganisms cultured in a seed microorganism culture tank are supplied and mixed with organic waste to activate the microorganisms, and the complex fermentation microorganisms are supplied at a preset ratio with respect to the received organic waste and mixing is achieved. Liquid fertilizer manufacturing method by complex fermentation microorganism reduction treatment of organic waste. delete According to paragraph 1,
The step of separating the solubilized organic waste into solid-liquid and supernatant and excess sludge is an organic waste, characterized in that solid-liquid separation is performed using any one of a membrane bioreactor (MBR), flotation tank, centrifugal separation tank, and gravity sedimentation tank. Liquid fertilizer manufacturing method by complex fermentation microorganism reduction treatment of waste. delete According to paragraph 2,
The seed microorganisms are,
A method for producing liquid fertilizer by complex fermentation microorganism reduction treatment of organic waste, comprising at least one of Bacillus sp. or Lactobacillus sp. microorganisms. According to paragraph 1,
The organic waste flowing in from the outside is any one selected from the group consisting of surplus sludge generated from a sewage and wastewater treatment device, pre-treated food waste, food waste water and livestock manure, or a mixture thereof. Liquid fertilizer manufacturing method using complex fermentation microorganism reduction treatment. A fermentation mixing tank that receives organic waste from the outside and mixes it with complex fermentation microorganisms while maintaining an aerobic environment to activate complex fermentation microorganisms;
A fermentation liquefaction tank that receives complex fermentation microorganisms and organic waste mixed in the fermentation mixing tank and dissolves and decomposes the organic waste by the action of the complex fermentation microorganisms;
A fermentation synthesis tank that receives waste from the fermentation liquefaction tank and separates solid and liquid; and
It includes a catalyst synthesis tank that receives the supernatant separated from solid and liquid in the fermentation synthesis tank and dissolves and removes residual organic substances and particulate inorganic substances contained in the supernatant,
The catalyst synthesis tank consists of a fixed bed biofilm reactor, and the treated water discharged from the catalyst synthesis tank is supplied as liquid fertilizer,
The fermentation liquefaction tank,
A plurality of unit fermentation liquefaction tanks are arranged in series, and each unit fermentation liquefaction tank repeatedly maintains an aerobic and anaerobic environment according to a preset cycle so that organic waste is sequentially fermented and decomposed,
Among the plurality of unit fermentation liquefaction tanks, the downstream fermentation liquefaction tank is 1.5 to 2 times larger than the capacity of the upstream fermentation liquefaction tank to extend the sludge residence time so that organic matter decomposition metabolism and inorganic solids (FSS) decomposition action also occur. A complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste for producing liquid fertilizer, characterized in that: According to clause 8,
The organic waste flowing into the fermentation mixing tank is a liquid fertilizer, characterized in that any one selected from the group consisting of surplus sludge generated from a sewage and wastewater treatment device, pre-treated food waste, food waste water and livestock manure, or mixtures thereof. A complex fermentation microbial treatment device for organic waste to produce . According to clause 8,
The fermentation mixing tank,
Complex fermentation microorganisms are supplied from a seed microorganism culture tank,
The seed microorganism includes at least one of Bacillus sp. microorganisms or Lactobacillus sp. microorganisms,
The seed microorganism culture tank is a complex fermentation microorganism treatment device for organic waste for producing liquid fertilizer, characterized in that the seed microorganisms are cultured and mixed with the incoming organic waste at a predetermined ratio, and the complex fermentation microorganisms are activated. delete

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