KR102604841B1 - Earthquake Disaster Prevention Capacity Diagnosis Method and System - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention collects earthquake disaster prevention data scattered in various places, classifies and analyzes the collected data, analyzes disaster tasks and regional earthquake risks based on cases, prepares capability diagnosis indicators, and applies them to a pilot area. , an earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis method and system is disclosed that allows diagnosing and evaluating response capabilities according to the unique characteristics of earthquake disasters, which are different from other disasters.
The disclosed earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system includes a collection unit that collects earthquake disaster prevention data; An analysis unit that analyzes earthquake occurrence cases based on the collected earthquake disaster prevention data; An evaluation department that evaluates the risk of domestic earthquakes based on the above analysis results; an indicator deriving unit that determines competency diagnostic index items based on the risk assessment results and derives competency diagnostic index items according to the determined items; And it may include a diagnosis unit that diagnoses the earthquake disaster prevention capability of each local government according to the capability diagnosis index derived above.

Description

Earthquake Disaster Prevention Capacity Diagnosis Method and System}

The present invention relates to a method and system for diagnosing earthquake disaster prevention capabilities, and more specifically, to collect earthquake disaster prevention data scattered in various places, classify and analyze the collected data, and classify and analyze the collected data according to the unique characteristics of earthquake disasters that are different from other disasters. It relates to an earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis method and system that allows diagnosing and evaluating response capabilities.

In domestic earthquake-related research, there was not much education or work related to earthquake disaster prevention that citizens or public officials could feel, except in the fields of high-rise buildings, large structures, and nuclear power plants. On the other hand, in neighboring countries Japan and China, large-scale earthquake damage occurred such as the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995, the Fukuoka Earthquake in 2005, the Sichuan Earthquake in 2008, and the Kumamoto Earthquake in 2016, raising many doubts about Korea's earthquake preparedness. . Taking lessons from the cases of neighboring countries, various problems with earthquake disaster prevention measures at the national level have been identified in Korea, and efforts have been made to improve earthquake-related laws and systems. However, since there have been no actual earthquakes in Korea, there were not many opportunities to develop the technology by applying it to the field.

In particular, earthquake damage occurs on a large scale over a wide area, causes complex landslides and liquefaction, has wide-spread socio-economic impacts such as paralysis of transportation facilities and administrative power, and aftershocks occur for a long period of time, so unlike wind and flood damage, it takes a long time to recover from damage. This tends to be prolonged. In addition, if earthquake damage causes a decrease in local population and a decrease in economic activities such as tourism and commerce, a vicious cycle will eventually occur in which the affected area declines or becomes underdeveloped.

There were few earthquakes that occurred near cities, and most of those that did occur were of magnitude 5.0 or less, so the scale and scope of earthquake damage was mostly limited. The situation with earthquakes in Korea, which occurred near downtown, was the 9.12 earthquake in 2016 and the Pohang earthquake in 2017. Many things have changed. As a result, these earthquakes served as an opportunity to directly test our country's earthquake response capabilities and led to the revision or enactment of existing laws and systems to prevent the spread of earthquake damage. In particular, in the case of the Pohang earthquake, legal and institutional supplementation was promoted to restore Heunghae-eup, Buk-gu, Pohang City, which suffered severe earthquake damage.

Due to the Pohang earthquake on November 15, 2017, the College Scholastic Ability Test was postponed, and a special disaster area was declared five days later on the 20th due to large-scale damage to residential facilities and casualties. The emergency risk assessment of earthquake-damaged facilities, which informs residents of the extent of earthquake damage to their homes, was completed on December 15 of the same year. However, a magnitude 3.5 aftershock occurred on December 25 and a magnitude 4.6 aftershock occurred on February 11, 2018, damaging residential facilities. The damage assessment and detailed safety inspection were extended, the recovery plan was revised for the third time, and due to the prolonged work to stabilize the lives of the victims, repair housing, pay disaster relief funds, and stabilize housing such as rental housing, Pohang City suffered an earthquake on March 2, 2018. A damage control team was officially launched.

As mentioned earlier, as the Heunghae area faced the risk of being underdeveloped in the long term due to earthquake damage, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport revised the 'Special Act on Revitalization and Support of Urban Regeneration' on April 17, 2018 to provide housing for residents in disaster areas in the urban regeneration project. The city was rebuilt and workplaces were rebuilt, and projects were implemented to make the city an attractive city, including complex land use, fostering local specialized industries, and tourism and culture. In addition, a new 'special regeneration area' system was established to promote local economy revitalization and urban vitality. Meanwhile, on March 20, 2019, the government research group on the relationship between the Pohang earthquake and geothermal power generation announced that the Pohang earthquake was a triggering earthquake, and the 'Special Act for Fact-Finding and Damage Relief of the Pohang Earthquake' was enacted in 2019 to support the damage caused. It was enacted on December 31, 2018. Afterwards, on October 19, 2021, about four years after the Pohang earthquake, all victims were discharged from the Heunghae-eup Indoor Gymnasium, where 1,180 victims stayed in 221 tents, and the temporary relief center was dismantled.

The 9.12 earthquake and the Pohang earthquake served as an opportunity to break the stereotype that Korea is an earthquake-safe area, and various laws, systems, and technologies related to rapid response immediately after an earthquake and short-term and long-term recovery were tested in the field, and many problems and improvements were made. This has been revealed. Among them, the fact that research results and data that had been conducted individually by ministries, local governments, and experts were dispersed was also highlighted as a problem. In addition, the recognition that it is necessary to prevent budget duplication and bias by identifying and collecting the status of currently scattered earthquake disaster prevention data, constructing high-quality data, and developing customized content for consumers was also shared.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2186758 (registration date: 2020.11.30) describes a control and security method for an intelligent earthquake disaster prevention system.

The purpose of the present invention to meet the above-mentioned requirements is to collect earthquake disaster prevention data scattered in various places, classify and analyze the collected data, analyze disaster work and local earthquake risk based on cases, By preparing capacity diagnosis indicators and applying them to pilot areas, we are providing an earthquake disaster prevention capacity diagnosis method and system that allows diagnosis and evaluation of response capacity according to the unique characteristics of earthquake disasters, which are different from other disasters.

An earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above-described object includes: a collection unit for collecting earthquake disaster prevention data; An analysis unit that analyzes earthquake occurrence cases based on the collected earthquake disaster prevention data; An evaluation department that evaluates the risk of domestic earthquakes based on the above analysis results; an indicator deriving unit that determines competency diagnostic index items based on the risk assessment results and derives competency diagnostic index items according to the determined items; And it may include a diagnosis unit that diagnoses the earthquake disaster prevention capability of each local government according to the capability diagnosis index derived above.

The diagnostic department can be divided into Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) and the State Preparedness Report (SPR).

In THIRA, step 1 focuses on identifying threats and hazards of concern to the community and what should and should not be included in the list, and step 2 focuses on determining whether the threats and hazards selected in step 1 may occur. It includes key factors that may affect the results along with existing conditions. In step 3, competency goals for each core competency are determined, and in step 4, the shareable core resources needed to meet the competency goals can be estimated. .

In the above SPR, the first step is to carry out an internal competency evaluation and an evaluation of internal and external cooperation capabilities, and the second step can provide the current status of the competency evaluation.

The first process of the internal capability assessment is to create a national disaster planning scenario, and the second process is to develop five mission areas by region through the national disaster planning scenario according to the Universal Task List (UTL). It is classified into prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery, and the third process is planning (P:Planning), which is five mission areas that include 31 core capabilities according to the Target Capabilities List (TCL). ), organization (O:Organization), equipment (E:Equipment), education (T:Training), and training (E:Exercises) can be diagnosed on a 6-level scale.

The above diagnosis department is: ① Local disaster prevention plan and city safety ② Education promotion and talent development ③ Information collection, analysis and communication ④ Preliminary measures and first responder system ⑤ Relief, mutual support, medical care and public relations, ⑥ Evacuation and shelter ⑦ Health and hygiene Even recovery can be evaluated by dividing it into 7 areas.

The competency diagnosis indicators derived from the above indicator derivation department are: ① risk identification, evaluation, damage estimation, ② damage reduction and prevention measures, ③ system maintenance, ④ information communication system, ⑤ equipment and stockpiling acquisition and management, ⑥ activity plan establishment. , ⑦ sharing information with residents, ⑧ education and training, and ⑨ evaluation and modification.

The diagnosis department performs evaluation by indicator of the nine competency diagnosis indicators and intermediate items, then performs evaluation by disaster, including earthquakes, storms and floods, and volcanic disasters, and performs step-by-step evaluation divided into basic stage, standard stage and application stage. can be performed.

The above capability diagnosis indicators include C1) damage reduction capability, C2) situation management capability, C3) resident protection capability, C4) disaster management resource mobilization capability, and C5) recovery capability, and C1 above. Damage reduction capabilities include ① securing the seismic performance of existing public facilities, ② identifying buildings vulnerable to earthquakes, and C2 above. Situation management capabilities include ① situation transmission system ② securing and operating emergency communication means, and C3 above. Resident protection capabilities include ① resident evacuation guidance ② earthquake outdoor evacuation site management, and C4 above. Disaster management resource mobilization capabilities include ① management of stockpiling of disaster management resources (equipment + manpower), ② resource mobilization training and education, and operation and management of the disaster site integrated volunteer support group, and C5 above. Recovery capabilities may include ① organizing and operating a risk assessment team for damaged facilities, and ② establishing and implementing a damage investigation plan.

Meanwhile, the earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned purpose is a method for diagnosing the earthquake disaster prevention capability of a system including a collection unit, an analysis unit, an evaluation unit, an indicator derivation unit, and a diagnosis unit, ( a) the collection unit collecting earthquake disaster prevention data; (b) the analysis unit analyzing earthquake occurrence cases based on the collected earthquake disaster prevention data; (c) the evaluation department evaluating the risk of domestic earthquakes based on the analysis results; (d) the indicator deriving unit determining competency diagnosis indicator items based on the risk evaluation results; (e) the indicator deriving unit deriving a competency diagnosis indicator according to the determined items; And (f) the diagnosis unit may include a step of diagnosing the earthquake disaster prevention capacity of each local government according to the derived capacity diagnosis index.

In step (c), the step of evaluating the risk of a domestic earthquake may evaluate at least one of human casualties, damage to private facilities, and damage to public facilities.

In step (d), the indicator derivation department may determine the competency diagnostic index items through a survey of local governments' opinions on the competency diagnostic index items, feasibility review, and priority determination.

Step (e) may include the step of the indicator deriving unit verifying the derived competency diagnosis indicator.

The capacity diagnosis indicators derived in step (e) above include common confirmation items for each agency, C1) damage reduction capacity, C2) situation management capacity, C3) resident protection capacity, C4) disaster management resource mobilization capacity, and C5) recovery capacity. It can be included.

The common confirmation items for each institution include the status of the earthquake management organization, and the above C1) damage reduction capabilities include manual management, professional training for personnel, securing earthquake-resistant performance of public facilities, certification of earthquake-safe facilities for private buildings, identification of buildings vulnerable to earthquakes, and emergency contact network. It includes construction management and functional continuity planning, and C2) situation management capabilities include operating emergency equipment, securing and operating emergency communication means, situation dissemination system, earthquake response training, disaster situation communication, and seismic acceleration measuring instrument management. C3) Resident protection capabilities include evacuation guidance for residents, education and training for residents, operation of temporary housing facilities, management of disaster relief materials, transportation measures for resident evacuation, and casualty management. C4) Disaster management resource mobilization capabilities include disaster management resources. It includes stockpiling management, resource mobilization training and operation and management of integrated volunteer support groups at disaster sites, and the above C5) recovery capabilities include forming and operating a risk assessment team for damaged facilities, emergency inspection of common facilities, establishing and implementing damage investigation plans, environmental maintenance at disaster sites, This may include housing stability in temporary manufactured housing and rental housing support, earthquake damage assessment of private facilities, and disaster psychological support.

According to the present invention, the effectiveness of disaster management evaluation can be improved and the capabilities of local governments for each disaster type can be diagnosed.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to diagnose the earthquake field capability among the disaster management capabilities of a local government using the earthquake disaster management capability diagnostic index in the earthquake field.

In addition, according to the present invention, based on overseas disaster management capacity evaluation indicators, problems in earthquake response of local governments that actually experienced earthquakes in Korea are reflected, earthquake risk assessment of local governments where actual earthquakes occurred, analysis of domestic earthquake response systems, etc. Through this, competency diagnostic index items can be derived.

In addition, according to the present invention, a competency diagnosis pilot local government is selected through a process of attempting competency diagnostic indicators and collecting opinions from city, county, and district local governments, and through detailed opinion collection, competency diagnostic indexes are derived by reflecting the actual situation of the local government in the indicators and diagnostic scales. In addition, the validity, priority, and appropriateness of weights of each indicator can be verified through consultation with experts in each earthquake field.

In addition, according to the present invention, an effective diagnosis effect is achieved by applying weights to diagnostic items important for earthquake disaster management in diagnosing earthquake disaster management capabilities, and through the accumulation of diagnosis results through annual disaster type (earthquake) capability diagnosis. The target capacity level of each local government can be improved.

In addition, according to the present invention, earthquake disaster prevention data scattered in various places are collected, the collected data is classified and analyzed, disaster work analysis and regional earthquake risk are analyzed based on cases, and competency diagnosis indicators are prepared and demonstrated. When applied to the region, the response capabilities of each local government can be diagnosed and evaluated according to the unique characteristics of earthquake disasters, which are different from other disasters.

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of an earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a diagram showing an operation flowchart for explaining a method for diagnosing earthquake disaster prevention capabilities according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of necessary information for each time zone stored in a database according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 4a to 4c are diagrams showing a classification system for earthquake disaster prevention content for the public according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 5A to 5C are diagrams showing an earthquake disaster prevention content classification system for practitioners according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 6a to 6c are diagrams showing an earthquake disaster prevention content classification system for practitioners according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a diagram showing a point subject to continuous fine movement measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a diagram showing the measuring equipment and the overall view of the measurement for continuous fine motion measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 is a diagram showing time window division of continuous measurement data in constant motion measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a diagram showing the results of deriving the dominant frequency of the ground using constant motion measurement data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 11A to 11C are diagrams showing the collection status of content requested by the public according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 12A to 12C are diagrams showing the collection status of content requested by practitioners according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 13A to 13C are diagrams showing the collection status of content requested by experts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is a diagram showing a classification of content requested by the public, practitioners, and experts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is a diagram showing the collection rate of content requested by the public, practitioners, and experts according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 is a diagram showing the requested content collection rate by consumer and earthquake occurrence period according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 17 is a diagram showing an example of a national competency evaluation step according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 18 is a diagram showing the THIRA procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 19 is a diagram showing an application example of steps 1 to 3 of THIRA according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 20 is a diagram showing resource requirement selection from the four-stage search and progress list of THIRA according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 21 is a diagram showing each step of SPR according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 22 is a diagram illustrating the development procedure of national target capabilities according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 23 is a diagram showing POETE grades for 31 core competencies according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 24 is a diagram showing an example of regional disaster prevention capacity diagnosis by the Japanese Cabinet Office in an overseas case study according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 25 is a diagram showing a flowchart of the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications' regional disaster prevention capacity evaluation in overseas cases according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 26 is a diagram showing an example of analysis of Japan's disaster-related capability evaluation results in overseas cases according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 27 is a diagram showing the status of damage to private facilities due to the Pohang earthquake in a survey according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 28 is a diagram showing a large-scale earthquake damage scenario in Japan according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 29a and 29b are diagrams showing an earthquake damage scenario immediately after an earthquake occurs according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 30 is a diagram showing the status of disaster response work by time zone through analysis of the Pohang City earthquake white paper according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 31a and Figure 31b are diagrams showing earthquake disaster response and issue status by time zone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figures 32a to 32e are diagrams showing diagnostic indicators of local government earthquake disaster management capabilities derived by the indicator derivation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 33 is a diagram showing the results of earthquake disaster management capacity diagnosis by local government innovation capacity in the diagnosis department according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 34 is a diagram showing an example of the Japanese regional disaster prevention ability evaluation method score allocation (analysis method 3) in the diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 35 is a diagram showing the results of earthquake disaster management capacity diagnosis for each disaster stage of the local government diagnosed by the diagnosis department according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 36 is a diagram showing the results of earthquake disaster management capacity diagnosis for each POETE of local governments diagnosed by the diagnosis department according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 37 is a diagram showing an example of creating a hierarchical capability group node according to the 1-point unit capability level of the 1-year earthquake disaster prevention capability map for each region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 38 is a diagram illustrating an example of listing the one-year earthquake disaster prevention capabilities by region in descending order according to an embodiment of the present invention, and then learning the relationship between each indicator to create a capability derivation model.

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. The present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

In order to clearly explain the present invention, parts that are not relevant to the description are omitted, and identical or similar components are assigned the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where it is "directly connected," but also cases where it is "electrically connected" with another element in between. . Additionally, when a part "includes" a certain component, this means that it may further include other components rather than excluding other components, unless specifically stated to the contrary.

When a part is referred to as being “on” another part, it may be directly on top of the other part or it may be accompanied by another part in between. In contrast, when a part is said to be "directly above" another part, it does not entail any other parts in between.

Terms such as first, second, and third are used to describe, but are not limited to, various parts, components, regions, layers, and/or sections. These terms are used only to distinguish one part, component, region, layer or section from another part, component, region, layer or section. Accordingly, the first part, component, region, layer or section described below may be referred to as the second part, component, region, layer or section without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The terminology used herein is only intended to refer to specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, singular forms include plural forms unless phrases clearly indicate the contrary. As used in the specification, the meaning of "comprising" refers to specifying a particular characteristic, area, integer, step, operation, element and/or ingredient, and the presence or presence of another characteristic, area, integer, step, operation, element and/or ingredient. This does not exclude addition.

Terms indicating relative space, such as “below” and “above,” can be used to more easily describe the relationship of one part shown in the drawing to another part. These terms are intended to include other meanings or operations of the device in use along with the meaning intended in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawing is turned over, some parts described as being “below” other parts will be described as being “above” other parts. Accordingly, the exemplary term “down” includes both upward and downward directions. The device can be rotated 90° or at other angles, and terms indicating relative space are interpreted accordingly.

Although not defined differently, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are further interpreted as having meanings consistent with related technical literature and currently disclosed content, and are not interpreted in ideal or very formal meanings unless defined.

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of an earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a collection unit 110, an analysis unit 120, an evaluation unit 130, an indicator derivation unit 140, and a diagnosis unit. It may include (150) and a database (DB) (160).

Here, although not shown in FIG. 1, it further includes an input unit for receiving data from the user, and a display unit that can output the processing results of the analysis unit 120, evaluation unit 130, and diagnosis unit 150 on the screen. can do.

The collection unit 110 collects earthquake disaster prevention data.

The collection unit 110 analyzes earthquake occurrence cases based on the collected earthquake disaster prevention data.

The evaluation unit 130 evaluates the risk of domestic earthquakes based on the analysis results.

The indicator derivation unit 140 determines competency diagnostic index items based on the risk evaluation results and derives competency diagnostic index items according to the determined items.

The diagnosis unit 150 diagnoses the earthquake disaster prevention capacity of each local government according to the derived capacity diagnosis index.

The diagnosis unit 150 can be divided into threat and hazard identification and risk assessment (THIRA) and the State Preparedness Report (SPR).

In THIRA, Step 1 focuses on identifying the threats and hazards of concern to the community and what should and should not be included in the list, and Step 2 focuses on identifying the threats and hazards selected in Step 1 above that may occur. Key factors that may affect the results are included along with conditions. In step 3, competency goals for each core competency are determined, and in step 4, the shareable core resources required to meet the competency goals can be estimated.

In SPR, the first step is to conduct an internal competency evaluation and an evaluation of internal and external cooperation capabilities, and the second step can provide the status of the competency evaluation.

The first process of internal competency assessment is to create a national disaster planning scenario, and the second process is to develop five mission areas by region through the national disaster planning scenario according to the Universal Task List (UTL). It is classified into Preventing, Protecting, Mitigating, Responding and Recovering, and the third process is to develop 31 core capabilities according to the Target Capabilities List (TCL). ), which are five mission areas including Planning (P:Planning), Organization (O:Organization), Equipment (E:Equipment), Education (T:Training), and Training (E:Exercises), can be diagnosed on a six-level scale. You can.

The diagnosis department (150) is responsible for: ① local disaster prevention plan and city safety, ② education promotion and talent development, ③ information collection, analysis and communication, ④ immediate response measures and first responder system, ⑤ relief, mutual support, medical care and public relations, ⑥ evacuation and shelter ⑦ Health, hygiene and recovery can be divided into seven areas for evaluation.

The competency diagnosis indicators derived from the indicator derivation unit 140 are: ① risk identification, evaluation, damage estimation, ② damage reduction and prevention measures, ③ system maintenance, ④ information communication system, ⑤ equipment, securing and managing stockpiles, and ⑥ activity plan. It may include establishment, ⑦ information sharing with residents, ⑧ education and training, and ⑨ evaluation and modification.

The diagnosis unit 150 performs evaluation by indicator of 9 competency diagnosis indicators and intermediate items, then performs evaluation by disaster including earthquake, storm and flood damage, and volcanic disaster, and divides it into basic stage, standard stage, and application stage. Step-by-step evaluation can be performed.

Capacity diagnosis indicators include C1) damage reduction capability, C2) situation management capability, C3) resident protection capability, C4) disaster management resource mobilization capability, and C5) recovery capability, and C1 above. Damage reduction capabilities include ① securing the seismic performance of existing public facilities, ② identifying buildings vulnerable to earthquakes, and C2 above. Situation management capabilities include ① situation transmission system ② securing and operating emergency communication means, and C3 above. Resident protection capabilities include ① resident evacuation guidance ② earthquake outdoor evacuation site management, and C4 above. Disaster management resource mobilization capabilities include ① management of stockpiling of disaster management resources (equipment + manpower), ② resource mobilization training and education, and operation and management of the disaster site integrated volunteer support group, and C5 above. Recovery capabilities may include ① organizing and operating a risk assessment team for damaged facilities, and ② establishing and implementing a damage investigation plan.

The database 160 may store collected earthquake disaster prevention data, analyzed earthquake occurrence cases, information on the risk of domestic earthquakes, and derived capability diagnosis indicators.

Figure 2 is a diagram showing an operation flowchart for explaining a method for diagnosing earthquake disaster prevention capabilities according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, in the earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the collection unit 110 may collect earthquake disaster prevention data (S210).

Here, the collection unit 110 can collect information by subject classified into the public, practitioners, and experts, and information by time period classified into before, after, and regular.

In addition, the collection unit 110 can collect constant motion measurement data measured by a movable measuring instrument at the earthquake occurrence site. The instrument can measure ground amplification characteristics and geology at sites where earthquakes are likely to occur or where earthquakes occur.

Next, the analysis unit 120 can analyze earthquake occurrence cases based on the collected earthquake disaster prevention data (S220).

The analysis unit 120 may compare the acquired continuous motion measurement data with the ground investigation report and perform HVSR (Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio) analysis to obtain ground characteristics due to constant fine motion caused by an unspecified vibration source.

5% cosine tapering is used for the always-fine measurement waveform, a 0.1 to 50 Hz Butterworth filter is applied to the frequency range used for analysis, and a smoothing algorithm using a Konno-Ohmachi window can be applied to the resulting graph of HVSR.

Regular motion measurement data is continuous data that records the movement of ground motion over time using a seismometer. In order to increase the number of data with this continuity, the data is divided into regular time intervals and increased to exclude noise around the seismometer. It could be data.

The analysis unit 120 calculates the constant-motion measurement data by dividing it into time windows of 30 seconds, executes HVSR analysis with 6 seconds overlapping between each time window, and calculates the data at the measurement point as a result of the HVSR analysis. The dominant frequency of the ground can be obtained.

Here, the dominant frequency may be a specific frequency when an overlapping reflection phenomenon for vibration occurs within the upper layer of the ground and a resonance phenomenon that causes the ground surface to vibrate significantly occurs.

The analysis unit 120 compares the penetration depth of the bedrock (soil layer thickness) included in the ground investigation report with the shear wave speed (V _s30 ) at the top 30 m of the soil layer, and calculates the shear wave speed (Vs) for the penetration depth (soil layer thickness) of the bedrock. It can be calculated by dividing by 4 times the dominant frequency (4f).

The analysis unit 120 determines whether the HVSR ratio is below a certain standard of 3.0 based on the results of the HVSR analysis, and the result of converting the shear wave velocity (V _s30 ) at the top of the soil layer 30 m may differ by about 100 m/s. there is.

The analysis unit 120 analyzes areas where the HVSR ratio has a value of 3.0 or more as soft ground with a deep soil layer, and analyzes areas where the HVSR ratio has a value of 3.0 or less as hard ground even if the dominant frequency is low.

The analysis unit 120 can analyze field measurement data based on the collected earthquake disaster prevention data.

Here, the earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system 100 can receive constant motion measurement data measured from a measuring instrument, and the analysis unit 120 compares the received constant motion measurement data with the ground investigation report, It is possible to perform HVSR analysis to determine ground properties through constant micromovement.

Next, the evaluation unit 130 can evaluate the risk of domestic earthquakes based on the analysis results (S230).

Here, the evaluation unit 130 may evaluate at least one of casualties, damage to private facilities, and damage to public facilities with respect to the risk of a domestic earthquake.

Next, the indicator derivation unit 140 may determine competency diagnostic index items based on the risk evaluation results and derive the competency diagnostic index according to the determined items (S240).

Here, the indicator derivation unit 140 may determine the competency diagnosis index items through surveying local governments' opinions on the competency diagnosis index items, reviewing feasibility, and determining priorities.

Additionally, the indicator deriving unit 140 may verify the derived competency diagnosis indicator.

The derived capability diagnosis indicators may include common confirmation items for each institution, C1) damage reduction capability, C2) situation management capability, C3) resident protection capability, C4) disaster management resource mobilization capability, and C5) recovery capability.

Common confirmation items for each agency may include the status of the earthquake management organization.

C1) Damage reduction capabilities may include manual management, professional training for personnel, securing seismic performance of public facilities, certification of earthquake-safe facilities in private buildings, identification of buildings vulnerable to earthquakes, establishment and management of emergency contact networks, and functional continuity planning.

C2) Situation management capabilities may include operating emergency equipment, securing and operating emergency communication means, situation dissemination system, earthquake response training, disaster situation communication, and seismic acceleration measuring instrument management.

C3) Resident protection capabilities may include resident evacuation guidance, education and training for residents, operation of temporary housing facilities, management of disaster relief materials, transportation measures for resident evacuation, and casualty management.

C4) Disaster management resource mobilization capabilities may include disaster management resource stockpile management, resource mobilization training and education, and operation and management of integrated volunteer support groups at disaster sites.

C5) Recovery capabilities include organizing and operating a risk assessment team for damaged facilities, emergency inspection of common facilities, establishing and implementing a damage investigation plan, environmental maintenance at the disaster site, residential stability through temporary manufactured housing and rental housing support, earthquake damage assessment for private facilities, and disaster psychological support. may include.

Next, the diagnosis unit 150 can diagnose the earthquake disaster prevention capacity of each local government according to the derived capacity diagnosis index (S250).

As shown in Table 1 below, the diagnosis department 150 diagnoses earthquake disaster prevention capabilities by capability elements such as planning, organization, equipment, education, and exercises for each local government. You can.

The diagnosis unit 150 can diagnose earthquake disaster prevention capabilities by mission area such as Preventing, Protecting, Mitigating, Responding, and Recovering, as shown in Table 2 below.

As shown in Table 3 below, the diagnosis department (150) is divided into disaster management by ① local disaster prevention plan and city safety ② education promotion and talent development ③ information collection, analysis and communication ④ immediate response and first response system ⑤ relief, mutual support, medical care Earthquake disaster prevention capabilities can be diagnosed by dividing into 7 areas: ⑥ evacuation and shelter, ⑦ health, hygiene and recovery, and publicity.

As shown in Table 4 below, the diagnosis department (150) is responsible for ① risk identification, evaluation, damage estimation, ② damage reduction and prevention measures, ③ system maintenance, ④ information communication system, ⑤ equipment and stockpiling and management, ⑥ activity plan establishment, Earthquake disaster prevention capabilities can be diagnosed by crisis management such as ⑦ sharing information with residents, ⑧ education and training, and ⑨ evaluation and modification.

As shown in Table 5 below, the diagnosis department (150) has earthquake disaster prevention capabilities for each core competency, such as C1) damage reduction capability, C2) situation management capability, C3) resident protection capability, C4) disaster management resource mobilization capability, and C5) recovery capability. can be diagnosed.

As described above for each local government, the diagnosis unit 150 may store the results of diagnosis by competency element, mission area, disaster management, crisis management, and core competency in the database 160.

The diagnosis department (150) provides diagnostic indicators and each region based on a list that organizes the results of diagnosis by capability element, mission area, disaster management, crisis management, and core competency for each local government in descending order from highest to highest. After learning the relationship between each region, the diagnostic index for each month of the year, and the relationship between each region, a capability derivation model that estimates earthquake disaster prevention capabilities for each region and period can be created and stored in the database 160.

In addition, the diagnosis unit 150 can calculate the one-year earthquake disaster prevention capability by averaging the total score of the one-month earthquake disaster prevention capability for each region over 12 months, as shown in Table 6 below.

In addition, the diagnosis unit 150 classifies the one-year earthquake disaster prevention capacity by region according to items including indicator 1, indicator 2, indicator 3, indicator 4, and indicator 5, and ranks each item in descending order from the highest level of capability. It can be listed and stored in the database 160.

Below, earthquake disaster prevention data will be explained. Here, earthquake disaster prevention data can be referred to as earthquake disaster prevention content.

The collection unit 110 divides earthquake items into pre-occurrence, post-occurrence, and regular periods, and can classify surveys, interviews, and SNS posts conducted by the public, practitioners, and experts within each item.

Contents requested from the public include earthquake occurrence information, earthquake behavior tips, earthquake damage status, information on disaster victim support, reliable sources of earthquake disaster prevention information, evacuation routes and traffic conditions, information on shelters, and information on building damage recovery. can do.

Information before an earthquake occurs includes ‘Earthquake behavior tips for high-rise buildings’, ‘Evacuation tips for foreigners living in Korea’, ‘Outdoor earthquake behavior tips’, ‘Earthquake behavior tips while driving’, and ‘Earthquake behavior tips while using public transportation’. You can.

Short-term information immediately after the occurrence of an earthquake may include 'Guidelines for behavior after returning home', which contains rules of conduct for citizens who evacuated to evacuation centers due to the earthquake after safely returning to their residences.

Long-term information after an earthquake may include 'residential facility linkage support' for people who are unable to return to their residential facilities because their residential facilities were half or completely destroyed.

The requested contents for practitioners are: ‘Creating and improving detailed manuals for earthquake work promotion’ for local government practitioners, and ‘Active support and cooperation for issues that are difficult to resolve on their own, including budget and manpower’ for the central government. ', for victims and disaster victims, 'understanding of the use of relief facilities and concessions and consideration among victims', and for earthquake experts and researchers, 'research and analysis of earthquakes that may occur in the future after an earthquake occurs.'

In the case of facility managers, 'earthquake work-related materials and repetitive training' for local government workers, 'support for rapid earthquake response and recovery' for the central government, and 'maintaining order in indoor relief centers' for victims and disaster victims. This may include 'concessions and consideration between the victims and the victims' and 'research and development related to earthquake-resistant design and reinforcement' for earthquake experts and researchers.

It includes 'preparation of emergency fire roads' related to earthquake disaster prevention plans before an earthquake occurs, 'conducting an emergency risk assessment' and 'providing information on possible medical support in other areas' immediately after an earthquake occurs, and long-term after an earthquake occurs. This may include ‘damage to industrial facilities’ and ‘securing residential facilities’.

Contents required for experts may include basic information on earthquake research, geological ground investigation data, information related to earthquake research and experiment facilities, and information on securing earthquake monitoring capabilities.

Basic information on earthquake research may include 'information on the earthquake occurrence cycle for each fault', 'maximum possible earthquake magnitude for each fault', and 'information on the fault activity rate' about the fault that causes the earthquake before the earthquake occurs. .

Geological ground investigation data may include ‘earthquake-induced landslides’, ‘current risk map for steep slopes’, ‘3D underground faults on the Korean Peninsula’, and ‘development of integrated velocity structure model’.

Information related to earthquake research and testing facilities may include 'domestic representative earthquake magnitude', 'magnitude correction coefficient calculation', 'development of attenuation formula based on domestic records', and 'development of seismic reinforcement technology for structural materials'.

Information on securing earthquake monitoring capabilities may include 'research on early warning technology development', 'establishment of a preemptive response system through earthquake damage scenarios', and 'damage analysis for facility safety assessment'.

Content required for experts may include 'seismic wave spectrum analysis' immediately after an earthquake occurs.

1. Consumer customized earthquake disaster prevention content classification system

First, the earthquake disaster prevention data stored in the database 160 includes data from the public, practitioners, experts, SNS analysis, etc.

go. public

Table 7 below shows an example of public-related earthquake disaster prevention information stored in the database 160.

Table 7 shows a case study of necessary information and content conducted in Japan by dividing the time period before and after the earthquake. Although the earthquake occurrence information is the same, the need for and importance of the information varies over time, so the usability of the information can vary greatly depending on the consumer and time. Table 7 shows the necessary information and content before and after the earthquake, obtained through the Kumamoto Earthquake Online Survey (2016) and the Kumamoto Earthquake NHK Online Demand Survey (2017). In the NHK survey, subscription to earthquake insurance was selected as the first measure for households to prepare for earthquakes, and after an earthquake, information on lifeline restoration such as electricity and water, as well as safety and daily necessities at evacuation sites were identified.

In the 'Survey study to establish an Ulsan-type earthquake disaster prevention plan' conducted by the Ulsan Institute of Science and Technology, 500 Ulsan citizens and 441 people nationwide (excluding Ulsan, Gyeongnam, and Gyeongbuk) were asked about 7 items to prepare for earthquakes. The priorities were investigated and the results are shown in Table 8 below.

In both Ulsan and the nation, 'Do not place TVs or vases in high places' was selected as the most important item, and the item with the fewest answers was 'Have emergency supplies in case of an earthquake.' In addition, in terms of earthquake preparedness, the areas that the national and local governments should support for earthquake disaster prevention were 'seismic reinforcement', 'earthquake insurance', and 'seismic diagnosis', and the items that should be supported in terms of earthquake damage recovery were ' This appeared in the order of ‘recovery of damage to facilities’, ‘temporary housing facilities for victims’, and ‘support of relief goods’.

In the 'Study on Activating Specialized Earthquake Disaster Prevention Institutions' conducted as a commissioned research by the Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center, a survey was conducted on 507 adult men and women aged 19 and older living in Pohang City about what information was most needed in the event of an earthquake. As shown in Table 9, the first priority was earthquake occurrence information and earthquake action tips at 80.8%, and the second priority was earthquake damage status and shelter-related information.

In addition, the results of the survey on the information needed immediately after the earthquake and during evacuation are shown in Figure 9, and the common information needed immediately after the earthquake and during evacuation was information on earthquake behavior tips and places to avoid the cold, which appears to be an influence of the weather. Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of necessary information for each time zone stored in a database according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The following Table 10 is an example of the necessary information by time zone stored in the database 160, and is a survey conducted by the researcher itself, which included residents living in temporary evacuation facilities in the Heunghae Indoor Gymnasium in Pohang, students at Handong University, and students in Buk-gu and Ulju-gun, Ulsan. These are the results of a targeted survey.

Compared to the previous results, adults who are responsible for housing responded that they most needed earthquake behavior tips, information about shelters, and victim support information, while high school students who are minors responded that they needed information about earthquake occurrence and shelters, and earthquake damage status in that order. You can see that the information needed is different for each age group.

A survey was conducted on earthquake disaster prevention content targeting a total of 91 disabled people and helpers such as social workers and guardians at two welfare centers for the disabled in Pohang City. It is necessary to prepare content for people with disabilities, such as earthquake disaster warning and emergency contact technology, evacuation site location maps, and periodic earthquake evacuation training, and provide support for helpers who can help in emergency situations, as well as answers about experiences at the time of an earthquake. It was found that a system was needed.

me. hands-on worker

A total of 212 people, including local government workers (Pohang City Hall civil servants) and facility managers (Pohang Cultural Foundation, Pohang City Facility Management Corporation), were asked to provide content requests to workers, the central government, affected residents, and experts, as shown in Table 11 below. same.

Among the requests, for the same local government workers, 'preparation and improvement of detailed manuals for earthquake work promotion', for the central government, 'active support and cooperation on issues that are difficult to resolve on their own, such as budget, manpower, etc.', victims and It includes 'understanding of the use of relief facilities and concessions and consideration among victims' for disaster victims, and 'research and analysis of earthquakes that may occur in the future after an earthquake occurs' for earthquake experts and researchers.

In addition, in the case of facility managers, 'materials and repetitive training related to earthquake work' for local government workers, 'support for rapid earthquake response and recovery' for the central government, and 'order within indoor relief centers' for victims and disaster victims. It includes ‘concessions and consideration between the victims and the victims’ and ‘research and development related to earthquake-resistant design and reinforcement’ for earthquake experts and researchers.

all. expert

As a result of a survey of a total of 72 people, including earthquake-related experts and researchers, it was found that research related to securing and strengthening seismic performance was the most necessary research field in earthquake disaster prevention research, and earthquake disaster management and ground were ranked second. It appeared to be a study related to earthquake engineering. In order to secure and strengthen seismic performance, the field related to seismic design standards was found to be the most necessary in the first place, followed by seismic performance evaluation in the second place, and the field related to seismic reinforcement technology in the third place.

In order of the most necessary research fields in earthquake disaster management, earthquake education and training was found to be the most necessary, followed by earthquake damage estimation technology in second place, and areas related to earthquake behavior tips and earthquake response manuals in third place. . In addition, in the ranking of the most necessary research areas in geotechnical earthquake engineering, research related to design ground motion was found to be ranked 1st, followed by ground classification system as 2nd, and research related to ground amplification effect as 3rd.

la. SNS analytics

In 2020, earthquake-related media materials were analyzed from January 1, 2017, when the Pohang Earthquake occurred, to December 30, 2019. We extracted 4,010 press releases containing negative keywords such as 'surprised', 'embarrassed', 'incompetent', and 'complacency', and calculated the negative index based on the main text of each press release. The fraud index is a value calculated as the ratio (%) of negative word keywords to the total number of words in the press release. Analysis was conducted focusing on 239 press releases with a fraud index of '10' or higher. As a result, it was possible to classify them into six keywords, including 'earthquake trauma', 'disaster broadcasting', 'disaster text', 'evacuation information', 'damage compensation', 'earthquake safety', and 'manual', and based on these, The content is derived as follows.

○ Psychological treatment and stability content to overcome earthquake trauma

○ Content providing earthquake information through rapid disaster text messages and broadcasting

○ Location and route information content such as outdoor evacuation sites and indoor relief centers

○ Promotional content on earthquake damage compensation system and application method

○ Diagnosis checklist for self-contained housing facilities

○ Unified earthquake preparedness manual based on realistic evidence

○ Objectivity and consistent earthquake damage management manual

<Earthquake disaster prevention content classification system>

The demand for earthquake disaster prevention content cannot be limited to a specific group such as the public, practitioners, or experts, and the content required by each consumer also varies depending on the purpose of use. Therefore, in order to reasonably and efficiently reflect the needs of all consumers, not only is it necessary to collect a vast amount of earthquake disaster prevention content, but also a systematic classification of the collected data is required. In the 1st to 3rd years of research, in order to systematically and efficiently classify content, starting with business data on damage from the Gyeongju and Pohang earthquakes, the status of domestic and overseas earthquake disaster prevention content, surveys by consumer, and SNS analysis were conducted. Accordingly, a classification system for each consumer was created every year. did.

In the 4th year of research, the content classification system for the 4th year is summarized in Table 12 by analyzing the surveys conducted so far, SNS analysis, and earthquake disaster prevention roadmap expert opinions.

Figures 4a to 4c are diagrams showing a classification system for earthquake disaster prevention content for the public according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figures 4A to 4C, among the newly discovered contents aimed at the general public, before an earthquake occurs, there are 'Earthquake Behavior Tips for High-rise Buildings', 'Evacuation Tips for Foreigners Living in Korea', 'Outdoor Earthquake Behavior Tips', and 'Earthquake While Driving'. Earthquake behavior tips were added in additional situations and locations other than those discovered in previous studies such as 'Behavior Tips' and 'Earthquake Behavior Tips While Using Public Transportation', and 'Earthquake Evacuation Simulation Training' was newly discovered for earthquake preparedness education. .

After the earthquake occurred (short-term), 'Guidelines for behavior after returning home' was added, which contains rules of conduct for citizens who evacuated to evacuation centers due to the earthquake to safely return to their residential facilities, and after the earthquake occurred (long-term), residential facilities were added. 'Residential facility linkage support' has been added for people who are unable to return to their residential facilities due to half or complete destruction.

In addition, 'support for repairing damaged household goods' such as home appliances and furniture related to living environment recovery information was newly discovered, and the newly added earthquake disaster prevention content classification system can be shown as shown in Figures 4A to 4C.

Figures 5A to 5C are diagrams showing an earthquake disaster prevention content classification system for practitioners according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figures 5a to 5c, newly discovered content for practitioners showed that 'preparation of emergency fire roads' related to earthquake disaster prevention planning before an earthquake occurs is necessary, and 'conducting emergency risk assessment' and 'conducting emergency risk assessment' immediately after an earthquake occurs. It was found that a linkage system such as 'providing information on availability of medical support in other areas' along with information related to damage to the same structure was necessary. In addition, it was found that analysis of 'damage to industrial facilities' and the resulting impact on the national economy is required in the long term after the earthquake, and a national plan to 'secure residential facilities' for victims whose residential facilities were damaged was found to be required. Direction of support was also found to be required. The newly added earthquake disaster prevention content classification system diagram can be shown as Figures 5A to 5C.

Figures 6a to 6c are diagrams showing an earthquake disaster prevention content classification system for practitioners according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figures 6A to 6C, newly discovered content targeting experts explains the necessity of collecting earthquake disaster prevention data for the following reasons. It was found that the basic information for earthquake research is 'information on earthquake occurrence cycle by fault', 'maximum possible earthquake magnitude by fault', and 'information on fault activity rate' about faults that cause earthquakes. Geological ground investigation data showed that 'earthquake-induced landslides', 'updating risk maps for steep slopes', 'three-dimensional underground faults on the Korean Peninsula', and 'development of an integrated velocity structure model' are necessary. The above data is believed to be a cross-section of the lack of domestic data on ground characteristics that are closely related to the occurrence and amplification of earthquakes. In relation to earthquake research and testing facilities, it was found that 'domestic representative earthquake magnitude', 'calculation of magnitude correction coefficient', 'development of attenuation formula based on domestic records', and 'development of seismic reinforcement technology for structural materials' were necessary. These requirements are believed to be due to the fact that the earthquake magnitude, correction coefficient, and attenuation equation currently used in Korea were created based on data from countries such as the United States and Japan, where earthquakes frequently occur, and do not clearly reflect the domestic situation. In addition, in order to secure earthquake monitoring capabilities, it was found that data such as 'research on early warning technology development', 'establishment of a preemptive response system through earthquake damage scenarios', and 'damage analysis for facility safety assessment' are also needed. It was found that ‘seismic wave spectrum analysis’ was necessary immediately after an earthquake occurred. Seismic spectrum analysis, which can determine the amount of energy in each cycle based on time series data of seismic waves, is known to increase damage to high-rise buildings when low-frequency energy is large, and damage to low-rise buildings when high-frequency energy is large. Through this analysis of the seismic wave spectrum, it is believed that the damage trend of the structure can be inferred, and through the accumulation of the relevant data, improvement of the design response spectrum suitable for domestic circumstances can be promoted. In addition, it was found that research on 'tsunamis' was also necessary. Despite cases in which tsunamis occurring in neighboring countries affected Korea, such as the 1964 Naigata tsunami and the 1993 tsunami in the southwestern ocean of Hokkaido, or cases in which Korea suffered direct damage, such as the tsunami that occurred in the central East Sea in 1983, domestic It is believed that the demand is due to the lack of tsunami-related research. The newly added earthquake disaster prevention content classification system for experts can be shown as shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C.

Overall, the characteristics of the newly discovered content are that while the general public has a similarly high demand for earthquake behavior tips before an earthquake and content related to handling and recovery after an earthquake, the expert group has a similarly high demand for content on basic information on earthquake research before an earthquake occurs. is in high demand. In the case of the public, anxiety that a new earthquake may occur is increasing due to the uncertainty in predicting the occurrence of a main earthquake due to the nature of earthquake disasters, and at the same time, interest in long-term control and recovery is increasing as approximately 4 years have passed since the Pohang earthquake. It is judged. For experts, it is believed that the need for basic data to conduct research on earthquake disaster prevention that reflects the domestic situation was highlighted after experiencing the 9.12 earthquake and the Pohang earthquake. In addition, practitioners appear to demand earthquake preparedness content that can efficiently and systematically respond to large-scale national issues such as earthquakes.

2. Collection of earthquake disaster prevention data and content

2-1. Analysis of collected ground information status and field measurement data

go. Collection of ground characteristics information by region

As a result of the demand survey, it was analyzed that there was a high level of interest in the importance of geological ground survey data among the contents requested by earthquake disaster prevention experts. Accordingly, in order to investigate and share ground characteristics through regional ground vibration measurements, geological ground data was collected focusing on the southeastern region, including Ulsan and Pohang. From 2018, when the embodiment of the present invention began, to the present, data were collected based on regional ground investigation reports and stored in the database 160 for easy direct use. Some of the ground characteristics data, such as shear wave velocity data for each point in the database, are preferentially loaded into the earthquake damage estimation system developed by the present applicant and are used to improve the reliability of regional earthquake damage estimation results.

First, the ground investigation data collected from 2018 to 2021 corresponds to a total of 1,528 locations, as shown in Table 13 below.

In 2018, the first year, there were 194 locations in the Cheongju substation and Hwaseong City Hall, in 2019, there were 724 locations in the Nam-gu industrial complex and Yangjeong-dong community center in Ulsan, and in 2020, there were 497 locations in Ulsan Down District 2 and the Hyomun Industrial Complex in Ulsan. This year, data was collected from 127 locations including Pohang, Ulsan, and Busan.

The data collection method was discussed with the ordering organizations that initially conducted ground surveys, such as offices of education carrying out seismic reinforcement construction for elementary, middle, and high schools, national agencies related to seismic design of roads and facilities, the Korea Meteorological Administration for the installation of seismic observatories, and local governments. and collected. The remaining data was obtained by searching and collecting ground investigation reports shared on the Internet. In particular, because the data was collected and organized mainly on ground properties such as shear wave speed, drilling column, and N value, which are directly necessary for earthquake disaster prevention research, it can be used more effectively in earthquake disaster prevention research than other ground survey data.

me. Ground vibration field measurement data analysis

1) Permanent, fine-moving field measurement using a speedometer

When an earthquake occurs, a lot of damage occurs in urban areas where population and buildings are concentrated, but ground data is relatively lacking and existing ground investigation methods have many limitations. General ground investigation methods include drilling survey methods and surface wave physical exploration methods, but in terms of cost, drilling generally requires a cost equivalent to 800 to 100 million won per location. In addition, drilling work and analysis of drilling results take a relatively long time, and the use of large drilling machines is subject to noise and space constraints. However, the HVSR method is easy to install, quickly measures and analyzes data, and indirectly derives ground properties through a low-cost investigation method. Overseas, this survey method has been actively used in earthquake disaster prevention research, such as ground amplification characteristics and fault surveys, since the past.

Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, constant fine motion was measured using speedometer equipment in areas where urban ground survey data were lacking, and HVSR (Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio) analysis was performed. In addition, field measurement data were compared with existing ground survey reports. Analysis was conducted.

2) Analysis of ground properties using constant motion measurement data

The target area for ground survey was conducted based on the point where the existing ground survey was conducted for comparative analysis of HVSR results. To facilitate comparative analysis, the measurement points were measured separately between areas with relatively shallow and hard bedrock and areas with deep and soft bedrock. The region was limited to the Ulsan area, including Buk-gu, Jung-gu, and Nam-gu, Ulsan, where the applicant is located. Field measurements were conducted separately into primary and secondary stages. As shown in Figure 7, there are a total of three areas in Buk-gu, Ulsan, including Sangan Elementary School, Yangjeong Elementary School, and Yeompo Elementary School, and there are four locations in Jung-gu, which are Hamwol Elementary School, Samil Elementary School, Ujeong Elementary School, and Okseong Elementary School. Figure 7 is a diagram showing a point subject to continuous fine movement measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 7, there are a total of 5 locations in the Nam-gu area, and measurements were conducted targeting Yaeumcho, Seonamcho, Dongbaekcho, Dongpyeongcho, and Baeullicho.

The equipment and measurements used for HVSR analysis based on constant-motion measurement using a speedometer are shown in Figure 8. Figure 8 is a diagram showing the measuring equipment and the overall view of the measurement for continuous fine motion measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention. The equipment used was the CERTIMUS equipment, the latest speedometer from GURALP, UK. The measuring equipment is a model that integrates a vibration detection sensor and a recorder. The performance of the measuring equipment is a three-component (Z, N, E) speedometer, with a frequency response range of 0.0083~100Hz and a dynamic range of 149dB. HVSR analysis was performed using the GEOPSY program developed through the SESAME European Seismological Association project. The GEOPSY program can be downloaded from www.geopsy.org, and the overall HVSR analysis method was referred to the HVSR GUIDELINES (2004) report published by SESAME on the corresponding web page.

5% cosine tapering was used for the constant-fine measurement waveform. The frequency range used for analysis was a 0.1~50Hz Butterworth filter, and a smoothing algorithm was applied to the HVSR result graph using the Konno-Ohmachi window to smooth the arithmetic mean. STA was set to 1.00s, LTA was set to 30.00s, Min STA/LTA was set to 0.2, and Max STA/LTA was set to 2.5 to derive and analyze a meaningful time window.

HVSR analysis is a method of determining ground properties through constant slight movement caused by an unspecified vibration source, and it is important to obtain reliable values through statistical analysis with a large amount of data. In general, constant motion data is continuous data that records the movement of ground motion over time using a seismometer. In order to increase the number of data with this continuity, by dividing the data into regular time intervals and increasing it, noise around the seismometer is excluded. There is also the advantage of being able to do it (Park Nam-ryul, 2010). Figure 9 is a diagram showing time window division of continuous measurement data in constant motion measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention. That is, Figure 9 is measurement data of constant ground motion recorded for 1,200 seconds by performing HVSR analysis. In the embodiment of the present invention, the constant motion measurement data was calculated by dividing it into a time window of 30 seconds. Each time window overlapped by 6 seconds, which was set to ensure data continuity and more data.

Figure 10 is a diagram showing the results of deriving the dominant frequency of the ground using constant motion measurement data according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 10, as a result of HVSR analysis using constant motion measurement data, the dominant frequency of the ground for the measurement point was obtained.

A total of 12 points were measured in each region within Ulsan. Through HVSR analysis at 12 measurement points, the dominant frequencies of two areas in Jung-gu were analyzed as 12.29 Hz in Hamwol Elementary and 4.08 Hz in Okseong Elementary. The dominant frequencies of the three measurement points in the Buk-gu region were derived as 6.06Hz for Sangan Elementary, 2.19Hz for Yangjeong Elementary, and 1.48Hz for Yeompo Elementary. The five locations in Nam-gu area showed 3.42Hz in Yaeumcho, 8.13Hz in Seonamcho, 2.34Hz in Dongbaekcho, 30.66Hz in Dongpyeongcho, and 1.23Hz in Baehwacho. Lastly, no separate dominant frequencies were derived from the two measurement points in the Jung-gu area, Samil Elementary School and Ujeong Elementary School.

3) Verification of ground characteristics survey results using constant motion measurement data

Verification of the ground investigation method based on constant motion measurement data using a velocity meter is to compare the depth of penetration of bedrock (soil layer thickness) and the shear wave velocity (Vs30) at the top of the soil layer at 30 m as shown in the investigation results performed in the existing ground investigation report.

The equation for estimating the bedrock penetration depth is as follows:

When vibrations overlap and reflect within the upper layer of the ground, a resonance phenomenon occurs that causes the ground surface to vibrate significantly at a specific frequency, which is called the 'dominant frequency' of the ground. According to Okamoto (1984), the greatest vibration occurs when the dominant frequency is four times the thickness of the upper layer of the ground. According to this principle, the approximate thickness of the soil layer can be estimated using Equation 1.

here, is the soil layer thickness, is the shear wave speed, means the dominant frequency.

The average shear wave velocity (V _s30 ) at the top 30 m above the ground was estimated using the correlation between the dominant frequency (f _peak ) and V _S30 proposed by Kwak et al. (2018) as shown in Equation 2 below.

The verification results of the ground investigation method based on constant-motion measurement data using a speedometer are shown in Table 14.

The verification results for bedrock penetration depth (upper soil layer thickness) yielded generally similar results, except for Sangancho and Yaeumcho. In the case of Sangancho, the verification results may be analyzed differently due to the distance from the existing drilling survey site and complex geological structure during continuous measurement due to strong winds and surrounding environment. When referring to existing ground investigation reports and geological maps, Yaeumcho is composed of solid ground and the bedrock penetration depth is shallow. Although the dominant frequency was derived from Yaeumcho, in light of the fact that the HVSR ratio was low (less than 3.0) in the analysis results according to the embodiment of the present invention, the HVSR graph characteristics that appear when the bedrock is shallowly buried and the ground is hard Since it is clearly visible, it can be interpreted that the area is predominantly composed of hard ground. Samilcho can be seen as a hard ground with shallow bedrock when referring to existing ground reports and geological maps. These results are consistent with the characteristics of low HVSR ratio (less than 2.0) and no separate specific dominant frequency, and overall, it is close to the existing ground characteristics. It can be seen that the results have been obtained. Since the principle of the HVSR survey method is to estimate the discontinuity surface, it can be seen that in places where bedrock is shallow and solid ground exists, amplification does not occur and a specific dominant frequency does not appear.

The result of converting V _s30 based on the HVSR result was analyzed to be generally consistent because the difference was about 100 m/s. However, it differs significantly only in Yaeumcho. The reason for this is that in the case of Yaeumcho, the shear wave speed values are different due to the reliability problem of deriving the dominant frequency mentioned above.

In general, continuous fine motion is measured by measuring on the outskirts of downtown areas or at night when there is little artificial human activity, but in the embodiment of the present invention, it is to determine whether the ground investigation method using constant fine motion measurement data is effectively performed even in urban areas and daily life. For this reason, most of the measurements were made during the day when many people are active, rather than measuring regular movements at times when artificial noise was excluded. In addition, it is known that the constant motion measurement data when analyzing HVSR is affected by wind, and some measurement points measure constant motion at times when there is a lot of wind, which can be seen as a difference from the existing ground investigation report.

Although a separate statistical research study must be conducted through various environments and multiple experiments, based solely on the results of this study, in the Ulsan area, places with a H/V amplification ratio of 3.0 or more are analyzed as soft ground with relatively deep soil layers. Areas with values below 3.0 were analyzed as solid ground even though the dominant frequency was low. Accordingly, although there may be differences depending on the region, below a certain H/V amplification ratio, the bedrock is distributed shallowly and can be derived as solid ground.

In order to improve the reliability of HVSR analysis results in the future, it is necessary to secure the reliability of HVSR analysis results through appropriate signal processing variable settings and signal processing techniques for each ground characteristic through continuous micromotion analysis research. For earthquake disaster prevention research, additional case studies and research may be needed to convert to other material properties such as shear wave velocity. Overseas, many researchers are making efforts in various fields to derive meaningful research results through various attempts and utilize them for earthquake disaster prevention research. On the other hand, since research is not continuously conducted in Korea and is conducted intermittently, there must be various research attempts and continuous budget investment related to HVSR. Through this, an effective ground survey estimation method targeting urban areas can be usefully utilized.

In addition, the correlation between the dominant frequency of the ground and V _s30 can be derived from an appropriate correlation equation through various measurement experiments and statistical analysis. Reliability can be increased through research and research on how to derive V _s30 using the dominant frequency information of the ground derived through HVSR analysis, or through the FK or SPAC method, which investigates ground characteristics by arranging multiple speedometers. These examples have the effect of contributing to improving domestic earthquake disaster prevention research capabilities by providing basic data for earthquake damage estimation, fault investigation, ground liquefaction, seismic design, and national earthquake risk map production.

2-2. Status of earthquake disaster prevention content collected by organization

In order to collect data according to the content classification system for each consumer previously implemented, a total of 22 countries and research institutes were selected, and data were searched using eight keywords, including earthquake, tsunami, and earthquake disaster prevention. The final collected content, excluding duplicate data and content that does not meet the needs of consumers, is a total of 2,242 items, including 2,157 document content, 2 image content, and 71 video content. The collection status is shown in Table 15.

The reason why the number of collections accounts for a very small amount (about 10%) compared to the number of surveys is because the degree of duplication of earthquake response-related content held by each institution is very high, and most of them only deal with local phenomena caused by earthquakes, and earthquakes are not the main research theme. It seems.

3. Earthquake disaster prevention content collection status

go. public

As shown in Table 16 below, the public's required content before an earthquake can be divided into five categories, including earthquake behavior tips, residential space preparation tips, and disaster relief support systems. There were a total of 26 detailed items for each category, of which there were 26. It was found that 24 related data were collected.

Earthquake behavior guidelines include the Ministry of the Interior and Safety's 'National Earthquake Behavior Guidelines' and the 'Earthquake Behavior Guidelines 1, 2, and 3' developed in this study, and those issued by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) include water, electricity, gas, etc. in the event of an earthquake. There is content such as 'Protecting your family from earthquakes', a manual that can be used safely.

In the residential space preparedness tips, information on earthquake insurance and how to sign up are included in the subcategory of earthquake knowledge in the earthquake disaster prevention content sharing portal. In the case of non-structural measures, the Korean version of the earthquake preparedness behavior guidelines issued by the New Zealand government is included. 'Easy home safety measures in case of an earthquake' were collected.

In the disaster-vulnerable support system, in the case of organizations requesting help and rescue, the '119 Earthquake Guide (Action Manual)' published by the Busan Fire Academy in 2017 includes disaster and safety-related apps, situation room emergency contact networks of related organizations, status of designation of liaison officers for related organizations and organizations, and It contains the current status of local disaster management agencies.

In earthquake preparedness education, the required information for earthquake evacuation simulation training is provided in the video 'We are conducting an earthquake evacuation drill' produced by the Ministry of Education in 2016. Earthquake occurrence information in the shared portal provides information on instrumental earthquakes, historical earthquakes, and overseas earthquakes.

However, in a situation where most modern structures are becoming larger and taller, data on earthquake behavior tips for high-rise buildings and cases related to earthquake disaster prevention sports events have not been collected, so it appears that it is necessary to collect additional data on the relevant details.

As shown in Table 17 below, the content requested by the public immediately after an earthquake can be divided into four categories, including earthquake occurrence notification, family safety confirmation, and evacuation notification information. There were a total of 7 detailed items for each category, of which: Six related data were collected.

In the case of earthquake occurrence information, it can be found in the seismic earthquake information in the earthquake occurrence information in the earthquake disaster prevention content sharing portal, and in the case of tsunami risk information and tsunami evacuation information, 'Let's prepare for a tsunami like this' published by the Korea Meteorological Administration in 2004 and the Ministry of the Interior and Safety. Detailed information on the requested contents is provided in 'Our Neighborhood Tsunami Evacuation Site' published by . However, the content to check the family's safety may be research service material that cannot be used by the public as it is a 2012 Ministry of the Interior and Safety research service on the possibility of using commercial networks related to the establishment of a disaster communication network necessary for responding to disaster scenes.

As shown in Table 18 below, the content requested by the public after an earthquake occurs (short-term) can be divided into four categories, including earthquake occurrence information, life and damage recovery information, and earthquake evacuation information. There are a total of 13 detailed items for each category. There were 10 of them, and relevant data was collected for 10 of them.

Earthquake occurrence information was explained earlier, and detailed information on living and damage recovery information, such as return to home, work, school, etc., was included in the earthquake disaster prevention content in consideration of the uncertainty of additional aftershocks that may occur as mentioned above. You will have to follow the government and local government's response in real time through the disaster and safety information portal.

Safety evacuation routes in earthquake evacuation information can be provided through videos in 'Where to Evacuate in a Disaster' produced by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security in 2018, and public transportation usage information is published by the Korea Transport Institute in 2011. In 'Implications of Japan's Earthquake Damage in the Transportation Sector and Domestic Response Plans', measures to utilize emergency roads and change existing bus routes are suggested.

In terms of the victim support system, the 'Comprehensive guide to government support for early stabilization of the lives of natural disaster victims' published by the Central Disaster and Safety Countermeasure Headquarters in 2017 provides information on various tax benefits and relief goods support for victims. However, data on how to use indoor relief centers, temporary housing facilities, and victim support systems for foreigners and travelers may not be collected.

As shown in Table 19 below, the public's post-earthquake (long-term) required content can be divided into three categories: damage treatment information, living environment restoration information, and long-term care service. There were a total of 8 detailed items for each category. , of which two related data were collected.

In damage treatment information, psychological treatment to overcome trauma and home repair support through living environment recovery information are explained in detail in the 'Comprehensive Guide to Government Support for Early Stabilization of Life for Residents Victims of Natural Disasters' published by the Central Disaster and Safety Countermeasures Headquarters in 2017. . However, requested content such as a list of precise safety diagnosis companies and seismic repair and reinforcement companies, child and child care support measures, and residential facility linkage support may not be collected.

me. hands-on worker

As shown in Table 20 below, the content required by practitioners before an earthquake can be divided into 10 categories, including regional risk, emergency risk assessment, and location of hazardous facilities. There were a total of 26 detailed items for each category, of which 17. Relevant data was collected.

The emergency risk assessment is a detailed item, and the contents on the assessment method, evaluation unit training, list of earthquake experts, and earthquake site investigation methods and equipment are discussed in ‘Measures to improve the risk assessment system for earthquake-damaged buildings and development of educational materials’ published by the National Disaster and Safety Research Institute in 2019. ' describes the risk assessment method for earthquake-damaged buildings, and provides damage photos by type and information on the operation of the risk assessment team related to the risk assessment of domestic earthquake-damaged buildings during the 9.12 earthquake and the Pohang earthquake.

The management of earthquake shelters in the advance preparedness system collected the contents of 'Integrated management of shelters by disaster type and development of technology to support evacuation life by disaster type' published by the National Disaster and Safety Research Institute in 2014. In this content, the status of designation and management of shelters, redundancy investigation, and operation status were collected. It provides information on management plans, etc.

Content related to the seismic reinforcement rate and seismic performance certification system of earthquake-resistant reinforcement was collected from 'Establishment of National Seismic Design and Seismic Reinforcement Master Plan' published by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety in 2018.

However, considering that some required contents cannot be collected, such as detailed industrial complex information or basic lifeline information, it can be said that the currently collected data was collected by faithfully reflecting the requirements of disaster management practitioners.

As shown in Table 21 below, the contents requested by practitioners immediately after an earthquake can be divided into 11 categories, including media response, earthquake occurrence notification, and cooperation with other regions and other departments. There were a total of 18 detailed items for each category, of which there were 18. 17 related data were collected.

Media response and civil complaint response guidelines are described in the 'Disaster Management and Public Relations Educational Material' published by the Ministry of Public Safety and Security in 2015, which describes the characteristics of each media, how to use them, and public communication strategies. For emergency health evaluation of local government buildings, college entrance exams, national events, etc., the case of the 2017 Pohang earthquake is mentioned in the 2018 '2017 Pohang Earthquake White Paper', so you can refer to that case.

In the case of the list of relief supplies and guidelines for managing volunteer support supplies, the research and analysis of local governments' disaster situation evacuation and relief goods possession and use status and evacuation are based on 'Integrated management of shelters by disaster type and development of evacuation life support technology' published by the National Disaster and Safety Research Institute in 2014. It describes the development of standards for the type and amount of storage items in evacuation shelters in preparation for situations, and the development of technology for calculating the appropriate amount of local government disaster relief set reserves. However, since no content has been collected on the automation of earthquake damage collection and aggregation, it will be necessary to search for relevant data or conduct related research in future research.

As shown in Table 22 below, the content requested by practitioners after the earthquake occurs can be divided into 11 categories, including areas with ground damage such as liquefaction and the status of facility damage such as buildings and roads. There are a total of 22 detailed items for each category. and of these, 21 related data were collected.

In the case of fire occurrence information, radioactivity leakage information, and hazardous chemical leakage information, the Ministry of Science and ICT's 'Fire performance evaluation of social infrastructure facilities considering initial earthquake damage' in 2019, and the Daejeon Metropolitan Office of Education's 'In the event of an earthquake and radiation leakage' in 2011. You can use the 2019 data from the Ministry of Environment's 'Development of an early warning dissemination system for hazardous chemical handling facilities caused by earthquakes', but for the detailed items, additional data must be collected through an emergency field survey in the area where the earthquake occurred. It may be appropriate to do so.

Designation and operation regulations related to victims and evacuees and content related to earthquake outdoor evacuation sites are in the 2017 National Disaster and Safety Research Institute's 'National Disaster and Safety Research Institute', which includes contents such as the Pohang Earthquake Shelter Operation Case, Implications of Shelter Operation in Japan and Korea and Overseas, and Earthquake Shelter Designation and Operation Standards. ‘Development of earthquake shelter designation and operation standards’ was collected.

The support system of earthquake disaster prevention experts collected the 'Plan for building a disaster prevention resource mobilization system by disaster type', which presents guidelines for disaster prevention resource management and operation to establish a quick support system with local governments and related organizations in the event of a disaster.

Content related to tsunami emergency evacuation sites and temporary residential facilities for earthquakes was collected from the 'Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Crisis Response Practical Manual' published by the Cultural Heritage Administration in 2019. Contents related to care such as medical care and education for victims, emergency recovery and reinforcement of damage, and requests for volunteer support are described in the '2017 Emergency Recovery Action Guidelines' issued by the Ministry of Public Safety and Security in 2017.

In the case of management of private support supplies, 'Integrated management of shelters by disaster type and development of evacuation life support technology' published by the National Disaster and Safety Research Institute in 2014 contains content on the selection and management of shelters and victims' support supplies, and the damage report application form is The content is included in the Earthquake Disaster Support System, a subcategory of earthquake knowledge within the earthquake disaster prevention content sharing portal.

However, for detailed items such as ground damage areas such as liquefaction, fire occurrence information, and radioactivity leak information, it would be more effective to respond to current issues by using the data collected through emergency field surveys rather than applying the content collected through this study.

As shown in Table 23 below, the content requested by practitioners after the earthquake occurs can be divided into four categories, including urban regeneration projects such as liquefaction, ground damage areas such as the degree of socio-economic damage, and status of facility damage such as buildings and roads. Requests for each category are There were a total of 10 detailed items regarding content, of which 5 related data were collected.

In relation to the reconstruction plan, which is a detailed item of the urban regeneration project, the '2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Damage Recovery Field Survey' published by the National Disaster and Safety Research Institute in 2019 described the basic policies of Kumamoto City's reconstruction plan and the contents of the revival-focused projects.

Among the support for disaster victims, support for disaster relief funds, taxes, etc., and medical support are contents related to disaster relief funds and various tax benefits in the 'Comprehensive guide to government support for early stabilization of the lives of natural disaster victims' published by the Central Disaster and Safety Countermeasures Headquarters in 2017. It describes.

Based on the above results, sufficient data was collected for the content required by disaster management practitioners for before the earthquake, immediately after the earthquake, and after the earthquake (short term). However, it was confirmed that the content required for the period after the earthquake occurred (long-term) was insufficient, as was the case with the general public. In particular, it has been confirmed that the majority of data that has not been collected among the content requested by disaster management practitioners needs to reflect the characteristics of disaster-prone areas, so research that considers these items is continuously needed.

all. expert

As shown in Table 24 below, the contents required by experts before an earthquake can be divided into seven categories, including basic information on earthquake research, information on earthquake occurrence, and securing earthquake monitoring capabilities. A total of 23 contents were required by category, of which 17 were related materials. was collected.

In the case of national geological maps in basic earthquake research information, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport's National Geotechnical Information Integrated DB Center provides nationwide geotechnical information based on drilling data, but national geological map contents are not provided separately.

As for the liquefaction evaluation method, 'Development of a liquefaction evaluation technique (draft) reflecting ground characteristics' published by the National Disaster and Safety Research Institute in 2019 provides content on the development of a liquefaction evaluation technique considering the domestic local environment.

In the case of fault survey data and geological ground survey data, fault survey data in the Gyeongju area are collected from ‘Gyeongju Earthquake Causes, Faults and Intensity’ published by the Korean Society of Civil Engineers in 2018 and ‘Geological and Ground Survey Data Construction’ published by Busan Metropolitan City in 2019. It provides geological and geotechnical information to be used in producing seismic hazard maps for Busan Metropolitan City and Busan Metropolitan City, but it was not possible to collect content that provides nationwide data.

The seismic source, which is a detailed item of the national seismic hazard map, was collected from the content of 'Research on techniques for identifying seismic source characteristics of domestic earthquakes' published by the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute in 2008. This content examines the various methods used to determine the epicenter and describes a waveform inversion method that can determine the moment tensor and depth of currently available earthquakes.

Information on Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) and Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis (DSHA) for national seismic hazard mapping can be found in ‘Earthquakes Caused by Uncertain Information’ published by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 1991. You may refer to ‘Research on Forecasting’. This study describes how to supplement the probabilistic earthquake prediction method by handling subjective uncertainty in the probabilistic earthquake prediction method using fuzzy set theory.

The earthquake vulnerability function of the earthquake damage scenario can be used as a reference for the 'Research on localization of the earthquake damage vulnerability function' published by the National Disaster Prevention Education Research Institute in 2007 and 2008. The data describes in detail the contents related to the comparison of fragility curve derivation techniques and the step-by-step domestic application of the seismic fragility function for each facility through local production of the seismic fragility function. In the case of seismic design standards, various domestic structural design standards and seismic design standards are collected and provided in the structure design standards of earthquake academic materials in the earthquake disaster prevention sharing portal.

However, for some requested contents, such as national geological maps, facility information, and seismic acceleration measurement data waveforms, the scope of data collection was so wide that collection itself was impossible. Therefore, if this content is excluded, it can be confirmed that the currently collected data faithfully reflects the needs of experts.

As shown in Table 25, the content requested by experts immediately after an earthquake can be divided into four categories, including earthquake event waveform data, geology and ground information of the earthquake occurrence area, and infrastructure information. There were a total of 10 detailed items for each category. , of which 6 related data were collected.

Geological and geotechnical information on earthquake-prone areas was collected from the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources' 2005 content titled 'Development of geotechnical information system construction techniques for establishing regional comprehensive earthquake resistance measures'. This content describes geotechnical information system construction techniques within the 3D GIS configuration area to establish comprehensive and systematic regional earthquake measures on the Korean Peninsula.

Damage analysis for facility safety assessment is based on the 'Nonlinear Earthquakes' published by the National Disaster and Safety Research Institute in 2013, which contains information on the prevention of secondary casualties and economic damage caused by aftershocks immediately after an earthquake and the development of risk assessment technology. ‘Development of aftershock risk assessment technology for earthquake-damaged buildings through response analysis’ was collected.

However, it was not possible to collect earthquake event waveform data and data on buildings and infrastructure information in the earthquake area. However, seismic acceleration waveform data can be collected using the Korea Meteorological Administration, and overseas seismic acceleration waveform data can be collected by using the USGS. Collection will be possible.

As shown in Table 26 below, the content required by experts after an earthquake occurs (short-term) can be divided into six categories, including how to participate in earthquake damage site surveys and earthquake disaster prevention information sharing and communication systems. The detailed items for the content required for each category are as follows. There were 7, of which 5 related data were collected.

The earthquake disaster prevention information sharing and communication system can share various earthquake disaster prevention information through the disaster safety portal, which is a subcategory of public earthquake information within the earthquake disaster prevention content sharing portal.

The geological and ground information of the earthquake-damaged area and the information on damaged buildings can be found in the '9.12 Earthquake' Field Investigation Results Report' published by the Central Earthquake Disaster Cause Investigation Team in 2021, the 'Pohang Earthquake Analysis Report' by the Korea Meteorological Administration in 2021, and the Ministry of the Interior and Safety in 2021. '2017 Pohang Earthquake White Paper' provides information on the ground and damaged buildings in the area where the 9.12 earthquake and Pohang earthquake occurred.

Research data on emergency reinforcement and repair technologies for old buildings and measures to ensure facility safety against aftershocks are found in ‘Seismic Vulnerability of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Considering Repair Effects’ published by the Ministry of Science and ICT in 2018. We collected research data on continuous earthquake vulnerability assessment techniques that can effectively predict the seismic performance of bridges that reflect the physical effects of repairs or reinforcement performed before continuous earthquakes on reinforced concrete bridges subjected to continuous earthquakes.

As shown in Table 27 below, experts' post-earthquake (long-term) required content can be divided into three categories: earthquake white paper, earthquake damage site CCTV footage, and earthquake victim interviews and surveys. The detailed items for content required for each category are as follows: There were four, and data related to four of them were collected.

The earthquake white paper is 9.12. In the case of the earthquake white paper and the 2017 Pohang earthquake white paper, '9.12.' published by the Ministry of Public Safety and Security in 2017. Earthquake White Paper -9.12. We collected records of the earthquake and the 180 days after it and the '2017 Pohang Earthquake White Paper' published by the Ministry of Public Administration and Security in 2018, CCTV footage of earthquake damage sites was collected from news and YouTube videos, and interviews and surveys of earthquake victims were collected. For the content, data on public awareness of earthquakes were collected through a survey conducted by the contribution project.

Most of the content requested by experts about before, immediately after, after (short-term) and after (long-term) an earthquake, except for some data that cannot be collected, such as national geological maps, information on facilities, and information on buildings and infrastructure in earthquake-prone areas. It was confirmed that the data was collected and faithfully reflected the needs of experts. However, since the basic information on domestic earthquake research is necessary for earthquake disaster management, continuous research investment, research data collection, and data sharing will be necessary.

la. Content collection status

Based on the classification system for content requested by consumer described above, the collected data and uncollected data for each requested content are classified as follows.

Content classification system ver. In 4.0, the collection status of the content requested so far in the entire process of the public before and after the earthquake, after the earthquake (short-term), and (long-term) is shown in Figures 11a to 11c. Figures 11A to 11C are diagrams showing the collection status of content requested by the public according to an embodiment of the present invention. Among the earthquake disaster prevention data collected so far, those with more than one piece of data or information in the detailed classification of the classification system are marked in blue, and most of them have been collected except for after the earthquake occurred (long-term).

The collection status of content requested by practitioners is shown in Figures 12A to 12C. Figures 12A to 12C are diagrams showing the collection status of content requested by practitioners according to an embodiment of the present invention. Practitioners who are expected to have a lot of required content can see that more content was collected immediately after and after the earthquake (short-term) than before and after the earthquake (long-term).

When showing the collection status of contents requested by experts, it was found that there were not many detailed classifications compared to the middle classification, as shown in Figures 13a to 13c. Figures 13A to 13C are diagrams showing the collection status of content requested by experts according to an embodiment of the present invention. The required content for each research field related to earthquake disaster prevention can be linked to the earthquake disaster prevention R&D roadmap in the future to additionally derive required content by detailed classification as shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 is a diagram showing a classification of content requested by the public, practitioners, and experts according to an embodiment of the present invention. In order to more quantitatively indicate the status of the content collected in this way, one or more detailed classifications collected can be counted and expressed as a collection rate as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. Figure 15 is a diagram showing the collection rate of requested content by the public, practitioners, and experts according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 16 is a diagram showing the collection rate of requested content by consumer and earthquake occurrence period according to an embodiment of the present invention. . In Figure 16, the content collection rate requested by consumer shows a collection rate of over 77% for the general public immediately and after the earthquake (short-term) and for experts before and after the earthquake (short-term), indicating a good level of data collection. appear. However, the public collection rate after the earthquake occurred (long-term) was 25%, indicating that data collection for the relevant content was necessary. The collection rate of practitioners immediately after the earthquake and after the earthquake (short-term) was over 94%, indicating that the data was faithfully collected, but before and after the earthquake (long-term), the rate was low at 50-65%. The experts' post-earthquake occurrence (long-term) showed the highest figure of 100%, but the remaining stages showed a collection rate of 60-74%.

The collection rate by demand was the highest for practitioners at 79%, followed by the general public at 78% and experts at 73%, indicating that the requested content was well collected. The content collection rate by earthquake occurrence period shows a collection rate of 77% before the earthquake, 83% immediately after the earthquake, 86% after the earthquake (short-term), and 50% after the earthquake (long-term). It showed that content collection after the outbreak (long-term) was insufficient.

Therefore, in future earthquake disaster prevention-related research, research should be conducted on the long-term perspective after the earthquake, such as regeneration projects in the city where the earthquake occurred or the extent of socioeconomic damage.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the results, complements, and future plans of the research conducted over the past four years since 2018 were comprehensively described in order to prepare earthquake disaster prevention content tailored to consumers. First, surveys, expert interviews, and SNS trend analysis were conducted to confirm the content requested by the public, practitioners, and experts. Based on the results, the earthquake disaster prevention content classification system was continuously improved. Based on the results of previously conducted research and this year's research, the final number of detailed content items required for the classification system for each group was confirmed to be 54 for the public, 76 for practitioners, and 44 for experts.

In addition to collecting content related to earthquake disaster prevention, we directly measured and collected domestic geotechnical information important for earthquake disaster prevention research. For this purpose, regional ground property information (column diagram, N value, seismic wave velocity, etc.) was collected for a total of 1,528 locations over a period of four years, and ground property analysis was also performed through continuous field measurement using a speedometer.

In order to collect customized earthquake disaster prevention content, we selected 22 countries and research institutes that are judged to have relevant data. Among the various topics held by the relevant institutions, we selected earthquake, tsunami, and earthquake disaster prevention content to collect only earthquake disaster prevention content. Eight key words were used, including: With respect to the data initially collected through the key words, the final collected content excluding content that did not meet the needs of consumers and duplicate data was a total of 2,242, including 2,157 document content, 2 image content, and 71 video content.

To confirm whether the collected earthquake disaster prevention content faithfully reflected the needs of consumers, detailed content items requested by each group were compared with the collected earthquake disaster prevention content. The number of collected contents for each group was confirmed to be 42 for the public, 60 for practitioners, and 32 for experts, and the collection rate was 73 to 79%, respectively, showing a good collection status of more than 70% in all groups. However, when the collected content is divided by the time of the earthquake, the collection rate is 77~86% before the earthquake, immediately after the earthquake, and after the earthquake (short-term), but the collection rate is 50% after the earthquake (long-term). It was confirmed that data collection was insufficient.

Next, the overseas case study is explained.

4. Investigation of overseas cases

4.1 U.S. competency assessment system

According to the Disaster Recovery Reform Act (DRRA), enacted in 2018, FEMA is required to complete a national assessment of capability gaps based on performance goals for each capability to determine priorities for disaster relief payments. To meet this requirement, the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) developed the National Risk and Capability Assessment (NRCA), which comprehensively measures the risks and capabilities of the entire country using standardized methods. developed and operates the THIRA-SPR Unified Reporting Tool, a system that collects and evaluates disaster-related capabilities in the United States according to the Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG). As shown in Figure 17, THIRA and SPR are implemented both nationally and locally, and are divided into National THIRA-SPR and Community THIRA-SPR depending on the entity. Figure 17 is a diagram showing an example of a national competency evaluation step according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) is a risk assessment step that allows a country or community to identify and select capacity goals and resource requirements needed to deal with expected or unexpected hazards. means. The State Preparedness Report (SPR) evaluates whether the country or community has the capacity to achieve the goals set out in THIRA, and what the gap is if the goals are not reached. We are proposing ways to bridge the gap.

THIRA and SPR are complementary and organically connected, and the evaluation targets include states, provinces, regions, jurisdictions, and all community partners.

THIRA is largely divided into four stages as shown in Figure 18, and in stage 1 (STEP 1) of the THIRA process, threats and risk factors of concern to the community are listed. Figure 18 is a diagram showing the THIRA procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Stage 1 focuses on dividing what should and should not be included in the list. If you first select a risk factor category and then select a risk factor type from the submenu, it is entered into the URT, and a related table is created and the table configuration is set to expand as you repeat the steps.

In step 2, you write down the conditions under which the threats and risk factors selected in step 1 may occur, as well as 1 or 2 key factors that may affect the results. Each context description is provided in the threat and risk factor table created in step 1. It is added below.

In step 3, competency goals for each core competency are determined. Competency objectives can be written as impact statements and desired outcomes. Impact statements are written about how each threat or hazard will affect the community, and desired outcome statements are the criteria by which the community plans to manage the threat or hazard. Each competency objective is added below the table containing threats, risk factors, and context descriptions. An example applied from steps 1 to 3 is shown in Figure 19. Figure 19 is a diagram showing an application example of steps 1 to 3 of THIRA according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In step 4, the results of THIRA are applied by estimating the shareable core resources needed to meet the competency goal, as shown in Figure 20. Figure 20 is a diagram showing resource requirement selection from the four-stage search and progress list of THIRA according to an embodiment of the present invention. Resource requirements are entered into the URT through a series of lists, one for each core competency, listing the NIMS types or other resources needed to achieve the community's desired competency goals.

The SPR evaluation consists of two stages, providing the current competency evaluation and the status of the competency evaluation, as shown in Figure 21. Figure 21 is a diagram showing each step of SPR according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The first stage consists of an internal competency evaluation and an evaluation of internal and external cooperation capabilities. Internal competency ratings indicate how close the community is to meeting current THIRA competency goals. Each of the five POETEs (Planning, Organizing, Equipment, Training, and Exercise), which includes about 31 core competencies, is graded from 1 to 5 to evaluate the level of competency in the community.

The United States' initial Target Capabilities List (TCL) consisted of 37 capabilities in four mission areas that the private sector, communities, and all levels of government must collectively have in order to effectively respond to disasters.

The target competency list defines a desirable level of preparedness competency, and most measurement methods measure Yes/No to determine whether the target competency is ready, and each item is measured with frequency (continuous, monthly) and performance time (second). /hour) and ratio (%), number, etc. Table 28 below shows examples of questions measuring goal capabilities in planning and communication.

The degree and goal of the preparedness level is set at 100% for the proportion of the population that can be protected from all disasters and threats, so that local governments and communities should be able to protect even a single population from the threat of disasters. In particular, The community's disaster preparedness participation rate is required to be over 99%, and the number of residents receiving education and training is also required to increase at a rate of over 5% every year.

Currently, the U.S. core capabilities evaluation has been changed to 31 core capabilities in 5 mission areas as shown in Table 29 below, and securing national safety and resilience through core capabilities is the ultimate goal of national disaster preparedness. there is.

For capacity development, three development tools (Capabilities-based planning tools) were used: national disaster planning scenario, comprehensive task list, and target competency list, as shown in Figure 22. Figure 22 is a diagram illustrating the development procedure of national target capabilities according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, the national disaster planning scenario is provided as basic data for designing national disaster management goals (NPG) and competency standards for disaster responders, and can be broadly applied by focusing on the scope of competency. There are 15 types.

Second, the Universal Task List (UTL) is a national disaster planning scenario with approximately 1,600 unique tasks in each stage such as prevention, response, preparedness, and recovery at the federal, provincial, and local levels, which determines what activity (Perform) to perform. The purpose is to flexibly determine what work is needed and who will do it and how.

Third, the Target Capabilities List (TCL) considers priorities to achieve national disaster preparedness goals, achieves desired outcomes through critical tasks, and is designed to achieve the mission. It is provided as a means to achieve goals.

The capabilities of each field when preparing the National Preparedness Report to evaluate the core capabilities of the U.S. National Preparedness Goal are shown in Table 30 below.

It is divided into 31 core competencies: plan (P), organization (O), equipment (E), education (T), and training (E).

The "P" in POETE stands for plan and refers to policy development, procedures, mutual assistance agreements, strategies, and other deliverables in accordance with relevant laws, regulations, and guidelines required to perform assigned tasks and tasks. “O” stands for Organization and refers to individual teams, overall organizational structure, level-specific authority and relevant qualifications, and paid employees and volunteers who have met the certification criteria in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and guidelines required to perform assigned tasks and tasks. do. “E” refers to equipment and refers to equipment, supplies, and systems according to the relevant standards required to perform assigned tasks and tasks. “T” stands for training and refers to the content and delivery method according to the assigned mission and related standards required to perform tasks, and finally, “E” refers to proving, evaluating, and improving the ability of the core competencies necessary to achieve successful performance. This means providing opportunities and training for Figure 23 is a diagram showing POETE grades for 31 core competencies according to an embodiment of the present invention. In other words, this is an example of the POETE rating for 31 core competencies divided into internal competency evaluation and internal/external competency evaluation.

The five mission areas and 31 core competencies to support everyone who plays a role in achieving all elements of the U.S. national preparedness goal are listed in Tables 31 through 33 below.

The five mission areas are prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery, and the contents are as follows.

- Prevention: Prevent or stop an imminent or threatened danger or an actual act of terrorism

- Protection: Protect citizens, residents, visitors and assets from the greatest threats and dangers

- Mitigation: Reduce the loss of life and property by reducing or minimizing the impact of disasters that may occur in the future.

- Response: Respond quickly to save lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs after a catastrophic incident.

- Recovery: Focusing on the rapid restoration, strengthening and revitalization of infrastructure, housing and a sustainable economy, and restoration of the health, social, cultural, historical and environmental fabric of communities affected by catastrophic events.

In addition, the scale for each competency level diagnostic element in the United States is divided into levels 1 to 6, as shown in Table 34.

The next step is assessing internal and external cooperation capabilities, which assesses the internal capabilities of the community itself and agreements between communities to support each other by providing personnel, equipment or expertise in specific ways when requested by surrounding communities. It does not include federal aid to or state aid to local communities.

The final second step is to check the improvements in disaster preparedness in the community over the past year. It describes in comparative detail the reason why this year's competency grade increased compared to last year's SPR and what is noteworthy despite being the same grade. You should also determine whether the completed competency assessment was confirmed during a practice or actual incident. Lastly, a plan to fill the competency gap and the expected role of higher government agencies for this purpose are to be drawn up.

As mentioned earlier, THIRA and SPR are organically connected and complement each other. THIRA is prepared every three years, but SPR is evaluated every year, making it possible to periodically review functional goals and observe annual trends in changes in capabilities.

4.2 Japan’s competency evaluation system

In Japan, where many earthquakes and typhoons occur, efforts have been made to evaluate the disaster management capabilities of local governments and strengthen disaster prevention capabilities based on the results so that they can quickly respond to and recover from repeated natural disaster damage. The Cabinet Office, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, etc. evaluated local disaster preparedness and crisis management capabilities using various methods to determine the extent of disaster preparedness that can respond to disasters that cause a lot of damage.

First, the Cabinet Office conducted a diagnosis of disaster prevention capacity through a survey regarding landslide disasters and storm and flood damage under the term ‘diagnosis of regional disaster prevention capacity.’ However, when a survey was conducted on the Cabinet Office website in such a way that the subjects of diagnosing disaster preparedness were not local government officials but residents of the relevant area, the results for each indicator appeared as shown in Figure 24. Figure 24 is a diagram showing an example of regional disaster prevention capacity diagnosis by the Japanese Cabinet Office in an overseas case study according to an embodiment of the present invention. When a disaster occurs, the scale of damage can vary depending on the ability of local residents active at the scene, so the Cabinet Office has developed a self-diagnosis method that can objectively and simply evaluate the extent of local disaster prevention capabilities for landslides and floods. A local resident survey was used.

Another Internet survey was conducted on the website shown in Figure 3.9 to evaluate the disaster management capabilities of local governments. The evaluation covers ① local disaster prevention plan and city safety, ② education promotion and talent development, ③ information collection, analysis and communication, ④ immediate response plan and first responder system, ⑤ relief, mutual support, medical care and publicity, ⑥ evacuation and shelter, and ⑦ health, hygiene and recovery. The evaluation was divided into a total of 7 areas. In the 2018 evaluation items, the number of questions is about 182, and some include short answers such as 'yes' or 'no'. However, when there are many multiple-choice questions about the disaster management capacity of local governments, they are listed in detail at about 10 or some questions are answered in detail. is designed to be written in a subjective manner.

The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications' Fire Department also evaluates the local disaster prevention and crisis management capabilities of local public organizations. The evaluation is conducted in the form of prefectural and municipal officials checking and responding to a checklist related to disaster prevention. There are a total of 9 evaluation indicators: ① Risk identification, evaluation, damage estimation, ② Damage reduction and prevention measures, ③ System maintenance, ④ Information communication system, ⑤ Equipment and stockpiling and management, ⑥ Establishment of activity plan, ⑦ Information sharing with residents , It consists of ⑧ education and training, and ⑨ evaluation and correction. Table 35 below explains the classification of evaluations, the order of evaluation methods, and the evaluation methods for each evaluation.

After conducting an evaluation by indicator of 9 evaluation indicators and intermediate items, evaluation by disaster such as earthquake, wind and flood damage, and volcanic disaster is performed, and a step-by-step evaluation is performed divided into basic stage, standard stage, and application stage. Here, the 'first stage' refers to measures that must be implemented regardless of the characteristics of the local government, and the 'second stage' is a stage to evaluate whether the local government has prepared measures for predictable risk factors to some extent, 'The third stage' refers to the stage of measures to implement more effective and advanced disaster measures. The evaluation by purpose that must be performed after the step-by-step evaluation was found to be 'ensuring the safety of life', 'prevention of inconveniences in life at the intermediate stage', and 'evaluation of preventing the expansion of disasters'.

This evaluation flow is shown again in Figure 25. Figure 25 is a diagram showing a flowchart of the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications' regional disaster prevention capacity evaluation in overseas cases according to an embodiment of the present invention. Among these, if only one evaluation stage is selected and analyzed, it can be expressed as a bar or line graph, and if two evaluation stages are selected and analyzed, it can be expressed as a radial graph.

Figure 26 is a diagram showing an example of analysis of Japan's disaster-related capability evaluation results in overseas cases according to an embodiment of the present invention. In other words, the results of each evaluation of disaster-related capabilities are synthesized and expressed in a radial graph or linear graph. In case (a), it can be seen that in the two evaluation indicators of ① risk identification, evaluation, and damage estimation ② damage reduction and prevention measures, Groups A and C are high, and Groups B, D, and E are low, and overall, Group A , it can be seen that while C is getting high scores, group D is getting low scores. In the case of (b), when analyzing the step-by-step measures of organization C, in the third step, ① risk identification, evaluation, damage estimation, ② information sharing with residents had high evaluation scores, while ④ information communication system, ⑤ equipment and securing stockpiles. and management can be seen to have low evaluation scores. In case (c), the results of the evaluation for each disaster show that although earthquake countermeasures are evaluated relatively highly, there are some differences between organizations, and in the case of volcanic disasters, the differences between organizations are clear.

Below, core capabilities and detailed diagnostic indicators according to embodiments of the present invention will be described.

5. Core competencies and detailed diagnostic indicators

In order to develop diagnostic indicators for local government earthquake disaster management capabilities, an earthquake risk assessment was conducted in the Pohang area, which actually experienced earthquakes, based on the overseas capability indicators in the previous section, and the results of a survey of Pohang city officials regarding disaster response difficulties, etc. when responding to the Pohang earthquake. By reflecting this, competency diagnostic indicators were derived. The competency diagnostic index was confirmed by verifying the validity, priority, and appropriateness of the weights of the indicators through gathering opinions from local governments and consulting with experts on the derived competency diagnostic index.

5.1. Domestic earthquake risk assessment

In order to diagnose earthquake disaster management capabilities at a regional level, it is necessary to first know what earthquakes may occur in the area and how much damage is expected from them. Areas where large-scale damage from earthquakes may occur must have response capabilities for large-scale damage, and the required disaster management response capability goals are accordingly increased. However, in areas where the probability of an earthquake occurring is low and damage is expected to be minimal even if an earthquake occurs, the response capability target can be set low. Since there is no official result of calculating the risk of an earthquake occurring in Korea and the scale of damage, the damage from a recent earthquake was analyzed in an embodiment of the present invention.

In terms of human casualties, the 9.12 earthquake had 23 injured and 111 victims, and the Pohang earthquake's original number of 135 people was changed to 1 dead and 134 injured due to the death of a victim who had been receiving treatment for long-term injuries, and the number of victims was 1,797. .

In terms of damage to private facilities, the 9.12 earthquake recorded a total of 5,868 buildings and KRW 11.02 billion, while the Pohang earthquake recorded 57,039 cases and KRW 85.02 billion. In particular, in the status of earthquake damage in Pohang City as shown in the '1115 Earthquake White Paper' published by Pohang City, the direct damage was estimated at KRW 84.6 billion, the estimated direct and indirect damage was estimated at KRW 332.3 billion, and the number of damage to privately owned houses was 54,139 sofas, 285 half-waves, and radio waves. A total of 55,095 private facility damages occurred in 671 cases, as shown in Figure 3.13. In addition, according to the records of the National Fire Agency, 5 cases of fire occurrence and 22 cases of first observation and occurrence of liquefaction phenomenon were reported.

In terms of damage to public facilities, the September 12 earthquake had a total of 204 cases and KRW 6.723 billion, while the Pohang earthquake had 417 cases and KRW 26.863 billion. However, the National Disaster Management System (NDMS) counted additional damage and the scale of damage increased. The September 12 earthquake caused a total of 285 damages in the Gyeongju, Ulsan, Pohang, and Yeongcheon areas, with 123 cases of damage to public buildings and 72 cases to cultural assets. The Pohang earthquake caused a total of 559 damages in the Pohang and Gyeongju areas, with 187 damages to schools and 172 damages to public buildings.

Figure 27 is a diagram showing the status of damage to private facilities due to the Pohang earthquake in a survey according to an embodiment of the present invention. An analysis of the structural types of buildings damaged by private facilities during the Pohang earthquake showed that most damage occurred in single-story masonry structures and first-story wooden structures in both full and half waves, followed by two-story masonry structures, followed by 3, The four-story reinforced concrete structure appeared in a piloti structure format. Because the main entrance core was not located in the center of the building to install the parking lot, serious damage occurred to the pillars on the first floor due to eccentricity. Regarding the construction age of buildings that suffered earthquake damage, it was found that most damage occurred in buildings built in the 1990s, 1980s, and 2000s for both full and half waves.

If an earthquake with a magnitude of M6.5 occurs in Korea, what kind of damage will occur is shown in Figure 28, referring to the Japanese case. Figure 28 is a diagram showing a large-scale earthquake damage scenario in Japan according to an embodiment of the present invention. Based on the scenario for when a large-scale earthquake occurs created by the Japanese Cabinet Office, it was found that on the day immediately after the earthquake, it took about 10 ^{to 1} hours to panic about the earthquake and understand the damage situation. About 3 to 4 days after the earthquake occurred, 10 ² people 100 hours later, the overall damage situation was roughly understood, but it was found that victims were not able to go to school or work, and instead lived as victims or received damage support. Approximately 1 month after the earthquake occurred, 10 ³ people 1,000 hours later, people went to school and work, but they did not perceive these places as stable and safe due to the lives of victims. However, it is expected that after 3 months it will be recognized as somewhat familiar and safe, and that in about 1 year, 10 ⁴ or 10,000 hours after the earthquake, the infrastructure will be completely restored and life will return to its original state.

Figures 29a and 29b are diagrams showing an earthquake damage scenario immediately after an earthquake occurs according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is a damage scenario that shows the damage to daily life that can occur during the week immediately after the earthquake and the preparedness system to prevent it in advance. The details are as follows. On the first day after an earthquake, infrastructure networks such as electricity, water, and communications are paralyzed, causing many inconveniences in day and night life. Preparation methods to minimize such damage include how to communicate with family members and prepare alternative supplies. On the second day, hygiene problems arise due to sewage and garbage, and on the third and fourth days, emergency recovery begins and support personnel are needed. and relief supplies are distributed. Electricity and water supply were restored on the 5th and 6th days, but housing restoration had not yet begun, and although a recovery plan was announced a week later, unemployment among residents and decline in the local economy appeared to occur.

If we have listed the damage caused by the earthquake so far, we have investigated what disaster response capabilities were needed by local government officials during the actual Pohang earthquake. Next, the status of disaster response work by time zone when the Pohang earthquake occurs through analysis of situation meeting records from the Pohang City Earthquake White Paper is shown in Figure 30. Figure 30 is a diagram showing the status of disaster response work by time zone through analysis of the Pohang City earthquake white paper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The disaster response work carried out for about a month after the earthquake is displayed by date in a bar graph as follows. Relief work for victims continued throughout the entire period, and collaboration between various organizations such as the Red Cross and the Disaster Relief Association for support was found to be important. A week after the earthquake, there was a shortage of space in temporary housing facilities due to the influx of victims. In addition, a responsible public official system was implemented to provide temporary housing for victims whose homes were severely damaged. Regarding safety measures, due to a lack of manpower for emergency risk assessment of houses, safety inspection, and damage investigation, etc., a large-scale manpower was requested from Gyeongbuk Province. As a psychological stabilization and health measure, psychological support was provided to residents traumatized by the earthquake every day, and flu vaccinations were also provided to prevent infectious diseases that could occur in shelters, which are confined spaces. Regarding relocation measures, we cooperated with LH and the Korea Association of Real Estate Agents to secure relocation supplies and move into public rental housing. About 15 days after the earthquake, we provided support to volunteer groups due to a lack of manpower for repairs to houses with minor damage. It appears that it was requested.

The status of earthquake disaster response work, which varies depending on the date, can also be confirmed in Figure 31a and Figure 31b in the Pohang City Earthquake White Paper. Figure 31a and Figure 31b are diagrams showing earthquake disaster response and issue status by time zone according to an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, the prolonged investigation period due to large-scale damage, the need for large-scale manpower, and re-establishment of recovery plans following aftershocks can be seen as characteristics of earthquake disasters.

In order to identify the earthquake disaster risk in the Pohang area and derive the necessary business capabilities from the local government, the actual earthquake damage status was investigated and the corresponding earthquake disaster response work was analyzed, and the major events at the time of the Pohang earthquake were summarized as shown in Table 36. .

In the early stages of an earthquake (1 to 3 days), major events include receiving reports of damage to facilities, operating a zone base, and collecting and managing damage situations. In the mid-term (3 to 7 days), operations of temporary housing facilities, relocation of victims, etc. These include emergency risk assessment of damaged facilities and safety inspections of public facilities. During the 7th to 30th day of the recovery period, aftershock damage will be resolved, comprehensive civil complaint management will be conducted, damage investigation and safety inspection will be conducted by the public facility damage joint investigation team for facilities, and emergency risk assessment will be conducted for private facilities. In the recovery and reconstruction stage, which is about 30 days later, objections related to damage to private facilities, distribution of disaster relief funds, measures to prolong temporary housing facilities for victims, and temporary residential facility complexes can be mentioned.

5.2. Pohang City civil servant survey and work process

In order to listen to realistic voices from the field, including difficulties in earthquake response when the Pohang earthquake occurred, an online survey was conducted targeting 300 public officials in Pohang City who directly experienced the earthquake.

The most important disaster response function at the time of the Pohang earthquake was 'disaster situation management function (51%)', followed by 'emergency recovery function for facility damage (12%)' and 'emergency life stabilization function (10%). '· 'Disaster area search, rescue and emergency support functions (10%)' appeared in that order.

After the Pohang earthquake, damage investigation (survey of human life and facility damage) and emergency relief to victims (shelter operation, etc.) were 34% and 34.7%, respectively. More than 60% of respondents said that damage investigation and emergency relief to victims were quite difficult. I answered. In addition, it was found that earthquake work accounts for about 70% of the total work during the relevant period (day, week, month).

The items that are thought to be disclosed to the public in order to prepare for earthquakes in advance are 'regional damage estimation results from virtual earthquakes (41%)' and 'active fault location estimates (41%)', which should be prioritized in sharing earthquake information. The items considered to be useful were 'Earthquake damage and recovery status (48%)' and 'Earthquake shelter and evacuation route information (38%)'. The item considered to be the most prioritized for evacuation of residents due to an earthquake was 'selection and guidance of a suitable location for earthquake evacuation (34%)', followed by 'selection and guidance of areas requiring evacuation after an earthquake (25%). )', 'Designating the safest and fastest evacuation route to a shelter (17%)', etc.

The priority for earthquake damage recovery was overwhelmingly 'supporting evacuation of residents and provision of temporary housing (89.3%)'. Items that are considered to be a priority for earthquake recovery in the housing sector include 'identifying the damage status such as the degree of damage to houses and the amount of damage caused by the earthquake (68.7%)' and 'temporary or permanent shelter for residents to live in until earthquake recovery. It was ranked highest in order of ‘preparation (57%)’. Among the items considered to be a priority for providing shelter for earthquake victims, 'providing temporary housing for earthquake victims until recovery (89.3%)' was highly ranked.

In addition, after the Pohang earthquake (November 15, 2017), an analysis of Pohang City's disaster response work process was conducted (results of research conducted in 2018), and the work was divided into short-term focused work and long-term organization and human resources work, collaboration and support, etc. They were classified and analyzed, and a disaster response work process was developed based on these results.

5.3. Inquiry of local government opinions on competency diagnostic indicators

We conducted a survey of opinions from provinces, cities, counties and districts across the country regarding the diagnostic indicators of local governments' earthquake disaster management capabilities derived earlier. In addition, for Pohang City and Miryang City, which are pilot local governments, an additional detailed opinion inquiry was conducted online, and a second opinion collection was conducted through data input through face-to-face interviews in charge.

As a result of the first opinion inquiry by the pilot local governments, Pohang and Miryang, both Pohang and Miryang expressed opinions on the issue of manpower in charge of earthquakes and the need for earthquake disaster prevention training. In particular, Pohang City expressed the opinion that a large amount of attention needs to be given to managing buildings that are expected to cause significant casualties in the event of an earthquake, forming and operating a risk assessment team for damaged facilities, and establishing and implementing a damage investigation plan.

As a result of the second opinion collection from the pilot local governments, both Pohang and Miryang city gave opinions that calculating the earthquake management organization score among the diagnostic indicators is not appropriate as a diagnostic indicator of earthquake disaster management capabilities, and expressed difficulties in securing seismic performance and work related to the seismic performance certification system. did.

In addition, Pohang City repeatedly emphasized the need for disaster psychological support such as earthquake trauma, and since Miryang City has a smaller population than Pohang City, the fairness of disaster management resources and organization of personnel and equipment was emphasized. The diagnostic indicators for local earthquake disaster management capabilities were reexamined through a process of collecting opinions from local governments, and the diagnostic indicators were revised to indicators and diagnostic scales that fit the circumstances and reality of local governments.

5.4. Validation and prioritization of competency diagnostic indicators

In-depth consultation was conducted with experts in each field of earthquakes and disaster management evaluation experts to verify the validity of the previously derived local government earthquake disaster management capacity diagnostic indicators and the appropriateness of the priorities and weights of the diagnostic indicators.

Priority according to the importance of diagnostic indicators for each core competency to establish a method and diagnosis system for calculating competency-based earthquake disaster management diagnostic indicators through expert advice on earthquake disaster management competency diagnostic indicators, and calculation of diagnostic indicators for each competency-based earthquake disaster management core competency. Advisory opinions were derived on methods, diagnostic items that need to be additionally reflected in earthquake disaster management capability diagnostic indicators, etc.

Through gathering opinions from local governments and consulting with experts, the competency diagnosis index was confirmed by revising 10 diagnostic items for each of the 5 core competencies as shown in Table 37.

First, we reflected the opinion that the status of the earthquake management organization should be changed to common confirmation items rather than calculation of competency diagnosis scores. Efforts to secure budget for seismic performance and earthquake safety facility certification were added as diagnostic items, and efforts to prepare for earthquakes were made, such as diagnosing local governments' efforts to minimize casualties in facilities vulnerable to earthquakes. was changed to a diagnostic item. In addition, the indicators were revised to take into account realistic local government situations, such as confirming the management of disaster relief materials through prior agreements with distributors rather than stockpiling.

In order to receive expert advice on priorities according to the importance of detailed diagnostic indicators for each core competency of earthquake disaster management competency diagnostic indicators, 9 experts in each earthquake field were asked to determine the importance of 114 diagnostic items for each of 5 core competencies as shown in Table 38. and received advisory opinions on priorities.

Result of priority consultation according to importance of detailed diagnostic indicators of core competencies, C1. Regarding damage reduction capabilities, ① securing the seismic performance of existing public facilities and ② identifying buildings vulnerable to earthquakes were identified as the most important items, and C2. As for situation management capabilities, ① situation transmission system and ② securing and operating emergency communication means were identified as important items. C3. The capacity to protect residents was derived from the following important items: ① Resident evacuation guidance and ② Earthquake outdoor evacuation site management, and C4. Disaster management resource mobilization capabilities include ① stockpiling management of disaster management resources (equipment + manpower), ② resource mobilization training and education, and operation and management of the disaster site integrated volunteer support group, C5. For recovery capabilities, ① forming and operating a risk assessment team for damaged facilities, and ② establishing and implementing a damage investigation plan were identified as important items.

5.5. Competency-based earthquake disaster management diagnosis

5.5.1. Local government earthquake disaster management capacity diagnosis indicators

Based on overseas disaster management capability evaluation indicators, the local government earthquake disaster management capability diagnostic indicators were finalized by reflecting the earthquake risk assessment of the Pohang area where the actual earthquake occurred and the results of a survey on difficulties faced by Pohang city officials when responding to the Pohang earthquake.

The competency diagnostic index is C1, as shown in Figures 32a to 32e. Damage reduction capacity, C2. Situation management competency, C3. Capacity to protect residents, C4. Disaster management resource mobilization capacity, C5. A total of 114 diagnostic items were derived for each of the five core capabilities of recovery capabilities. Figures 32a to 32e are diagrams showing diagnostic indicators of local government earthquake disaster management capabilities derived by the indicator derivation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5.5.2. Results of pilot local government competency diagnosis

In order to diagnose earthquake disaster management capabilities of local governments, two local governments were selected on a pilot basis and a pilot diagnosis was conducted. Diagnosis was conducted targeting Pohang City, which actually experienced an earthquake, and Miryang City, which did not experience an earthquake but has a potential seismic disaster risk due to the Miryang Fault.

Pohang City and Miryang City each conducted a written diagnosis, and four analysis methods applying weights for each competency item were used to derive the diagnosis results as shown in Figure 33. Figure 33 is a diagram showing the results of earthquake disaster management capacity diagnosis by local government innovation capacity in the diagnosis department according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Diagnostic result 1 in Figure 33 is an analysis method by applying the same score distribution of 1 point per question to 114 diagnostic items of 5 core competencies for the pilot local government, and diagnostic result 2 is 1 for 114 diagnostic items of 5 core competencies. This is the result of an analysis that applies the same score of 1 point per question and reflects weightings of 2 and 1.5 points for important competency items, respectively.

Diagnosis result 3 is the result of analysis based on Japan's regional disaster preparedness evaluation method. By applying Japan's regional disaster preparedness evaluation method, there are 5 correct answer choices for 114 diagnostic items for each of 5 core competencies, 2 points for multiple choice questions, and 4 points. This is the result of analysis by giving 1 point for multiple choice and 3-choice questions, and 0.5 points for Yes/No questions. An example of allocating points by applying the Japanese regional disaster prevention capability evaluation method is shown in Figure 34. Figure 34 is a diagram showing an example of the Japanese regional disaster prevention ability evaluation method score allocation (analysis method 3) in the diagnosis method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Diagnosis result 4 is the result of analysis by applying weights (1.5 points, 2 points) based on the Japanese regional disaster prevention ability evaluation method.

The weighted items for each of the five core competencies are as follows. C1. Among the damage reduction capabilities, the major competency diagnosis items with weights include revision and management of the earthquake action manual and completion of disaster safety professional training for those involved in earthquake work over the past two years, and C2. Among situation management capabilities, major competency diagnosis items include operation of emergency equipment for situation management and establishment and implementation of earthquake response training plans. C3. Among the resident protection capabilities, major competency diagnosis items include guidance on behavior for residents who have difficulty evacuating on their own, details of operating temporary housing facilities, and prompt management according to the degree of casualties. C4. Among the disaster management resource mobilization capabilities, the main competency diagnosis items include signing agreements with private associations and equipment rental companies, and C5. Among recovery capabilities, major competency diagnosis items include the degree of on-site investigation equipment and understanding of earthquake damage assessment tasks.

Pilot diagnostic analysis results using four analysis methods, C4. Pohang City was higher than Miryang City in all capabilities except disaster resource capability. In particular, Pohang City, which experienced an earthquake disaster, was C1 compared to Miryang City. Damage reduction capabilities and C5. It can be seen that the recovery capacity is high, and C4. The disaster resource capacity of Miryang City, which did not experience an earthquake, was higher than that of Pohang City.

As a result of analysis using four analysis methods, similar patterns were observed in all four analysis results, and compared to diagnosis result 1 where the same score (1 point) was applied to all items, diagnosis results 2 to 4 had a larger deviation by core competency. shows a tendency

Existing local government disaster management evaluations evaluate all disaster types, and the average local government evaluation score is about 70 points, which is about 3.5 points on a 5-point scale.

In diagnosis result 1 where all the same points were assigned and diagnosis result 2 where weights were applied to the same points, Pohang City's C1. All competency items except damage reduction capacity were found to be below the average score of the existing local government disaster management evaluation, and the pilot local government's capacity for earthquakes was found to be below the average score of the disaster management evaluation of other local governments.

Looking at the diagnosis result 3 analyzed based on the Japanese regional disaster prevention ability evaluation method and the diagnosis result 4 analyzed by applying weights (1.5 points, 2 points) based on the Japanese regional disaster prevention ability evaluation method, Pohang City is C4. It was found that all capabilities except disaster resources exceeded the capability diagnosis target, and Miryang City was C4. It was found that only disaster resource capabilities met the target, while the remaining capabilities fell short of the target. Also, C5 in Diagnosis Result 3 and Diagnosis Result 4. The gap between Pohang City and Miryang City was the largest in recovery capacity.

The results of analyzing the results of the pilot diagnosis of local governments' earthquake disaster management capabilities by disaster management stage, which is prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery, are shown in Figure 35. Figure 35 is a diagram showing the results of earthquake disaster management capacity diagnosis for each disaster stage of the local government diagnosed by the diagnosis department according to an embodiment of the present invention. As a result of the pilot local government capacity diagnosis, the overall diagnosis results showed that Pohang City was at a higher level than Miryang City. In terms of disaster management stages, Miryang City showed the highest response capacity, and Pohang City showed high prevention and recovery capacity. This appears to be a competency diagnosis result resulting from a direct experience of an earthquake and a more explicit experience of the problems in response.

The results of analyzing the pilot diagnosis results of local governments' earthquake disaster management capabilities by POETE are shown in Figure 36. Figure 36 is a diagram showing the results of earthquake disaster management capacity diagnosis for each POETE of local governments diagnosed by the diagnosis department according to an embodiment of the present invention. POETE has a total of 5 items required for earthquake disaster management: planning, organization, equipment, education, and training. In Pohang City, the organization and training items were somewhat low, and in Miryang City, all items were at an average level and the education items were somewhat low. In the case of Pohang City, which experienced an actual earthquake, the lack of manpower was found to be the biggest limitation when an earthquake occurred, and the need for actual training based on a manual was especially highlighted when responding, and the results were also shown to be an extension of this pilot competency diagnosis result.

Looking at the diagnosis results comprehensively, in all results, Pohang City, which had experience of earthquakes, was confirmed to have higher competency scores than Miryang City, which had no experience of earthquakes. However, in the comparison by competency response stage, in the "response" stage and in the comparison of POETE by region, it was confirmed that the competency score was higher than that of "organization" and "organization" in the comparison of POETE by region. In the "Training" category, it was found that Pohang City had lower capabilities than Miryang City.

The reason for this result seems to be that Miryang City was rated about 0.5 points higher than Pohang City in terms of operating emergency equipment for situation management, securing permanent operating personnel, and pre-designating and managing essential personnel to be dispatched to the scene in the event of an earthquake. In the case of Pohang City, the lack of capacity seems to have affected the overall score due to weak prior preparations, especially in securing permanent operating personnel and managing essential personnel on-site. In addition, Miryang City received slightly higher scores than Pohang City in terms of participation in DRSS training and Ministry of Public Administration and Security NDMS recovery training over the past two years, and its training capacity score was also found to be somewhat higher. However, since both Miryang City and Pohang City were evaluated as falling short of the target in terms of "organization" and "training" capabilities, it is judged that systematic planning for organization formation and mobilization in advance, as well as participation in various trainings and reinforcement of programs, are necessary.

Regarding response capabilities, Miryang City scores slightly higher than Pohang City in terms of disaster management resource mobilization capabilities, overall preparation for operating emergency equipment, inventory management for mobilizing manpower and equipment in the event of an earthquake, and cooperation systems and agreements with neighboring cities. It is analyzed that this is because it came out. This trend appeared more clearly in analysis results 2 and 4, which were calculated with weight given to this part.

Meanwhile, the diagnostic unit 150 establishes a hierarchical capabilities node (Hierarchy Capabilities Node) where each node is connected according to the capability level in units of 1 point, as shown in FIG. 37, based on the 1-year earthquake disaster prevention capability map for each region. can be created. Figure 37 is a diagram showing an example of creating a hierarchical capability group node according to the 1-point unit capability level of the 1-year earthquake disaster prevention capability map for each region according to an embodiment of the present invention. Accordingly, the diagnosis unit 150, with reference to the hierarchical capability group node shown in FIG. 37, identifies regions f and z corresponding to group 1 and group 2 levels as high-importance earthquake disaster prevention services or capabilities. It can be assigned to important national services that need to be high. At this time, the diagnosis unit 150 may store node matching information about the hierarchical capability group node created as shown in FIG. 37 in the database 160.

Next, the diagnosis unit 150 may generate a competency derivation model by estimating the relationship between the calculated regional competency level and each indicator.

That is, the diagnosis unit 150 classifies the one-year earthquake disaster prevention capacity by region according to items including indicator 1, indicator 2, indicator 3, indicator 4, and indicator 5, as shown in FIG. 38, and classifies each region as Listed in descending order from highest level of competency. Figure 38 is a diagram illustrating an example of listing the one-year earthquake disaster prevention capabilities by region in descending order according to an embodiment of the present invention, and then learning the relationship between each indicator to create a capability derivation model. As shown in Figure 38, the diagnosis unit 150 determines the relationship between indicator 1 and the competency degree, the relationship between indicator 2 and the competency degree, the relationship between indicator 3 and the competency degree, and index 4 based on the one-year competency listing in descending order. After learning the relationship between and capacity, a capacity derivation model that estimates earthquake disaster prevention capacity according to each indicator can be created and stored in the database 160.

Next, the diagnosis unit 150 can calculate the expected capacity according to earthquake disaster prevention in the new region by substituting the new region information into the capability derivation model.

That is, when the diagnosis unit 150 receives new region information from an input device through an input operation by a user or administrator, it generates a new region ID according to the new region information, and index 1 and indicator 2 according to the new region ID. , Indicator 3, Indicator 4, and Indicator 5 can be substituted into the capacity derivation model to calculate the expected capacity for earthquake disaster prevention of a new region ID.

In addition, the diagnosis unit 150 uses the 1-year earthquake disaster prevention capacity map for each region, lists them in descending order of capacity, creates a hierarchical competency group node as shown in FIG. 37, and creates a 1-year earthquake disaster prevention capacity map for each region for the next year. It can be created by changing the hierarchical competency group node by applying .

Therefore, based on the changed hierarchical capability group node, the diagnosis unit 150 assigns regional response cases with high capability according to the capability group level to earthquake areas with high importance in the next year or earthquake areas requiring high capability. can do.

The Ministry of Public Administration and Security conducts a disaster management evaluation every year to evaluate and strengthen the disaster management capabilities of local governments. Existing disaster management evaluations evaluate all types of disasters and are not suitable for diagnosing capabilities for specific disasters. In order to improve the effectiveness of disaster management evaluation and diagnose the capabilities of local governments for each disaster type, disaster management evaluation by disaster field must be conducted in the long term. In the same extension, in order to diagnose the capacity in the earthquake field among the disaster management capabilities of local governments, an earthquake disaster management capability diagnostic index in the earthquake field was developed as shown in the embodiment of the present invention.

In order to develop diagnostic indicators for local government earthquake disaster management capabilities, we reflected the problems in earthquake response of Pohang city officials who actually experienced earthquakes in Korea based on overseas disaster management capability evaluation indicators, and assessed the earthquake risk in the Pohang area where the actual earthquake occurred, as well as domestic and foreign disaster management capability evaluation indicators. Capacity diagnostic index items were derived through analysis of the earthquake response system.

Through a process of collecting opinions from cities, counties, and local governments on competency diagnosis indicators, pilot local governments for competency diagnosis were selected and the actual conditions of local governments were reflected in the indicators and diagnostic scales through detailed opinion collection. The derived indicators were verified for the validity, priority, and appropriateness of the weights of each indicator through consultation with experts in each earthquake field, and the capability diagnosis indicators were finally confirmed. Based on the confirmed capability diagnosis indicators, the capability diagnosis indicators were tested for Pohang City and Miryang City, pilot autonomous cities. Diagnosis was performed.

As a result of conducting a pilot diagnosis and analyzing using four analysis methods, Pohang City showed higher competency scores than Miryang City in all competency items except disaster resource capacity. However, in the comparison by competency response stage, the "response" stage and POETE by region In the comparison, it was found that Pohang City had lower capabilities than Miryang City in the “Organization” and “Training” categories.

As a result of the pilot diagnosis, there were some differences in the analysis results depending on the competency diagnosis analysis method, but similar result patterns were found for all four results. In diagnosing earthquake disaster management capabilities, weights must be applied to diagnostic items important to earthquake disaster management in order to have an effective diagnostic effect. Each year, the target capability level of each local government is set through the accumulation of diagnosis results through capability diagnosis by disaster type (earthquake). will need to be improved.

As described above, according to the present invention, earthquake disaster prevention data scattered in various places is collected, the collected data is classified and analyzed, disaster work analysis and regional earthquake risk are analyzed based on cases, and competency diagnosis indicators are prepared. By applying this to the pilot area, it is possible to realize an earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis method and system that allows diagnosing and evaluating response capabilities according to the unique characteristics of earthquake disasters, which are different from other disasters.

Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains should understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing its technical idea or essential features, and that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. Just do it. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims described later rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modified forms derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. .

100: Earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system 110: Collection department
120: analysis unit 130: evaluation unit
140: indicator derivation unit 150: diagnosis unit
160: database (DB)

Claims (10)

As a method for diagnosing the earthquake disaster prevention capability of a system including a collection unit, analysis unit, evaluation unit, indicator derivation unit, and diagnosis unit,
(a) the collection unit collecting earthquake disaster prevention data;
(b) the analysis unit analyzing earthquake occurrence cases based on the collected earthquake disaster prevention data;
(c) the evaluation department evaluating the risk of domestic earthquakes based on the analysis results;
(d) the indicator deriving unit determining competency diagnosis indicator items based on the risk assessment results;
(e) the indicator deriving unit deriving a competency diagnosis indicator according to the determined items; and
(f) the diagnosis unit diagnosing the earthquake disaster prevention capacity of each local government according to the derived capacity diagnosis index;
Earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis method including.
According to claim 1,
In step (c), the step of evaluating the risk of a domestic earthquake is an earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis method that evaluates at least one of human casualties, damage to private facilities, and damage to public facilities.
According to claim 1,
In step (d), the indicator derivation department determines the competency diagnostic index items through a survey of local governments' opinions on the competency diagnostic index items, feasibility review, and priority determination,
The step (e) is an earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis method including the step of the indicator deriving unit verifying the derived capability diagnosis indicator.
According to claim 1,
The capacity diagnosis indicators derived in step (e) above include common confirmation items for each agency, C1) damage reduction capacity, C2) situation management capacity, C3) resident protection capacity, C4) disaster management resource mobilization capacity, and C5) recovery capacity. Including, earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis method.
According to claim 4,
Common confirmation items for each of the above organizations include the status of the earthquake management organization,
C1) Damage reduction capabilities above include manual management, professional training for personnel, securing seismic performance of public facilities, certification of earthquake-safe facilities for private buildings, identification of buildings vulnerable to earthquakes, establishment and management of emergency contact networks, and functional continuity planning,
C2) Situation management capabilities above include operating emergency equipment, securing and operating emergency communication means, situation dissemination system, earthquake response training, disaster situation communication, and seismic acceleration measuring instrument management,
C3) Resident protection capabilities above include resident evacuation guidance, education and training for residents, operation of temporary housing facilities, management of disaster relief materials, transportation measures for resident evacuation, and casualty management,
C4) Disaster management resource mobilization capabilities include disaster management resource stockpile management, resource mobilization training and operation management of integrated volunteer support groups at disaster sites,
The above C5) recovery capabilities include forming and operating a risk assessment team for damaged facilities, emergency inspection of common facilities, establishing and implementing a damage investigation plan, environmental maintenance at the disaster site, residential housing stability through temporary manufactured housing and rental housing support, earthquake damage assessment of private facilities, and disaster psychology. Earthquake disaster preparedness assessment methods, including support.
A collection department that collects earthquake disaster prevention data;
An analysis unit that analyzes earthquake occurrence cases based on the collected earthquake disaster prevention data;
An evaluation department that evaluates the risk of domestic earthquakes based on the above analysis results;
an indicator deriving unit that determines competency diagnostic index items based on the risk assessment results and derives competency diagnostic index items according to the determined items; and
A diagnosis department that diagnoses the earthquake disaster prevention capabilities of each local government according to the capability diagnosis indicators derived above;
Earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system including.
According to claim 6,
The diagnosis department is divided into Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) and the State Preparedness Report (SPR).
In THIRA, step 1 focuses on identifying threats and hazards of concern to the community and what should and should not be included in the list, and step 2 focuses on determining whether the threats and hazards selected in step 1 may occur. Include key factors that may affect the results along with existing conditions, determine competency goals for each core competency in step 3, estimate shareable core resources needed to meet the competency goals, and step 4:
In the above SPR, step 1 carries out an internal competency evaluation and an evaluation of internal and external cooperation capabilities, and step 2 provides the status of the competency evaluation.
The first process of the internal capability assessment is to create a national disaster planning scenario, and the second process is to develop five mission areas by region through the national disaster planning scenario according to the Universal Task List (UTL). It is classified into prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery, and the third process is planning (P:Planning), which is five mission areas that include 31 core capabilities according to the Target Capabilities List (TCL). ), organization (O:Organization), equipment (E:Equipment), education (T:Training), and training (E:Exercises) are diagnosed on a 6-level scale,
Earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system.
According to claim 6,
The above diagnosis department is: ① Local disaster prevention plan and city safety ② Education promotion and talent development ③ Information collection, analysis and communication ④ Preliminary measures and first responder system ⑤ Relief, mutual support, medical care and public relations, ⑥ Evacuation and shelter ⑦ Health and hygiene An earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system that evaluates recovery in seven areas.
According to claim 6,
The competency diagnosis indicators derived from the above indicator derivation department are: ① risk identification, evaluation, damage estimation, ② damage reduction and prevention measures, ③ system maintenance, ④ information communication system, ⑤ equipment and stockpiling acquisition and management, ⑥ activity plan establishment. , ⑦ information sharing with residents, ⑧ education and training, ⑨ evaluation and correction,
The diagnosis department performs evaluation by indicator of the nine competency diagnosis indicators and intermediate items, then performs evaluation by disaster, including earthquakes, storms and floods, and volcanic disasters, and performs step-by-step evaluation divided into basic stage, standard stage and application stage. An earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system that performs.
According to claim 6,
The above capacity diagnosis indicators include C1) damage reduction capacity, C2) situation management capacity, C3) resident protection capacity, C4) disaster management resource mobilization capacity, and C5) recovery capacity,
C1 above. Damage reduction capabilities include ① securing the seismic performance of existing public facilities, ② identifying buildings vulnerable to earthquakes,
C2 above. Situation management capabilities include ① a situation dissemination system ② securing and operating emergency communication means,
C3 above. Resident protection capabilities include ① evacuation guidance for residents, ② management of earthquake outdoor evacuation sites,
C4 above. Disaster management resource mobilization capabilities include ① management of stockpiling of disaster management resources (equipment + manpower), ② resource mobilization training and education, and operation and management of the integrated disaster site volunteer support group.
C5 above. The recovery capability is an earthquake disaster prevention capability diagnosis system that includes ① organizing and operating a risk assessment team for damaged facilities and ② establishing and implementing a damage investigation plan.