KR102569566B1 - Low voltage dc-dc converter and driving method thereof - Google Patents

Low voltage dc-dc converter and driving method thereof Download PDF

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KR102569566B1
KR102569566B1 KR1020180083575A KR20180083575A KR102569566B1 KR 102569566 B1 KR102569566 B1 KR 102569566B1 KR 1020180083575 A KR1020180083575 A KR 1020180083575A KR 20180083575 A KR20180083575 A KR 20180083575A KR 102569566 B1 KR102569566 B1 KR 102569566B1
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voltage
transformer
low voltage
converter
leakage inductance
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KR1020180083575A
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KR20200009342A (en
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김원곤
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현대모비스 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020180083575A priority Critical patent/KR102569566B1/en
Priority to US16/513,195 priority patent/US10978952B2/en
Priority to CN201910645666.5A priority patent/CN110739854B/en
Priority to CN202111169527.3A priority patent/CN113839563A/en
Publication of KR20200009342A publication Critical patent/KR20200009342A/en
Priority to US17/185,421 priority patent/US11955273B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0064—Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치는, 고전압 배터리로부터 제공되는 고전압을 교류전압으로 변환하는 스위칭부, 코어 영역에 공극을 포함하고 턴비가 조정되어 상기 교류전압을 저전압으로 강압하는 변압기 및 상기 저전압을 정류하여 부하로 공급하는 전원 공급부를 포함한다.A low-voltage DC converter according to the present invention includes a switching unit that converts high voltage provided from a high-voltage battery into AC voltage, a transformer including an air gap in a core region and adjusting the turn ratio to step down the AC voltage to a low voltage, and rectifying the low voltage. and a power supply unit that supplies power to the load.

Description

저전압 직류변환장치 및 그 구동방법{LOW VOLTAGE DC-DC CONVERTER AND DRIVING METHOD THEREOF}Low voltage DC converter and its driving method {LOW VOLTAGE DC-DC CONVERTER AND DRIVING METHOD THEREOF}

본 발명은 저전압 직류변환장치 및 그 구동방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a low voltage DC converter and a driving method thereof.

저전압 직류변환장치(Low-voltage DC-DC Converter, LDC)는 친환경 차량 내부에 실장되는 전장 부하들의 전원 공급 및 차량 저전압 보조 배터리의 충전을 담당하기 위하여 반드시 요구되는 전원공급 장치이다.A low-voltage DC-DC converter (LDC) is a power supply device that is required to supply power to electric loads mounted inside an eco-friendly vehicle and to charge a low-voltage auxiliary battery of the vehicle.

이러한 저전압 직류변환장치는 구현 방식에 따라 다양한 종류가 있으며, 대전력 변환에는 절연형의 스위칭 동작을 수행하는 풀-브릿지(Full-Bridge) 방식이 이용된다.There are various types of low voltage DC converters depending on the implementation method, and a full-bridge method that performs an insulated switching operation is used for high power conversion.

하지만, 종래의 저전압 직류변환장치는, 전력 스위칭 소자의 제어 스위칭 동작시 스위칭 전력 손실이 발생한다.However, in the conventional low voltage DC converter, switching power loss occurs during a control switching operation of a power switching device.

한편, 이러한 문제점을 해소하기 위하여 한국공개특허공보 특1998-040074호(발명의 명칭:영전압스위칭 직류-직류 강압형 컨버터)는 전력 스위칭 소자의 영전압 스위칭 기술을 개시하고 있다.Meanwhile, in order to solve this problem, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1998-040074 (Title of Invention: Zero Voltage Switching DC-DC Step-Down Converter) discloses a zero voltage switching technology of a power switching device.

즉, 종래기술은 스위칭 전력 손실을 줄이기 위하여 영전압 스위칭 동작을 이용한다.That is, the prior art uses a zero-voltage switching operation to reduce switching power loss.

그러나 이러한 종래기술은 영전압 스위칭 동작을 보장하기 위하여 영전압 스위칭 인덕터를 추가로 설치해야 한다.However, in this prior art, a zero voltage switching inductor must be additionally installed to ensure zero voltage switching operation.

하지만, 영전압 스위칭 인덕터는 전력 스위칭 소자의 고속 스위칭 동작시 발열이 수반되므로, 방열판 등을 이용한 방열구조를 필요로 하게되고 이는 시스템 측면에서 많은 공간을 차지하게 된다.However, since the zero-voltage switching inductor generates heat during high-speed switching of the power switching device, a heat dissipation structure using a heat sink or the like is required, which takes up a lot of space in the system.

본 발명의 실시예는 변압기 코어 영역에 공극을 추가하고 변압기의 턴비를 조정하여 제품의 재료비와 크기를 절감하고 전력밀도를 향상시킬 수 있는 저전압 직류변환장치 및 그 구동방법을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.An object of the present invention is to provide a low-voltage direct current converter and a driving method thereof capable of reducing material cost and size of a product and improving power density by adding air gaps to the core region of the transformer and adjusting the turn ratio of the transformer. .

다만, 본 실시예가 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제는 상기된 바와 같은 기술적 과제로 한정되지 않으며, 또 다른 기술적 과제들이 존재할 수 있다.However, the technical problem to be achieved by the present embodiment is not limited to the technical problem as described above, and other technical problems may exist.

상술한 기술적 과제를 달성하기 위한 기술적 수단으로서, 본 발명의 제 1 측면에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치는 고전압 배터리로부터 제공되는 고전압을 교류전압으로 변환하는 스위칭부, 코어 영역에 공극을 포함하며, 조정된 턴비를 통해 상기 교류전압을 저전압으로 강압하는 변압기 및 상기 저전압을 정류하여 부하로 공급하는 전원 공급부를 포함한다.As a technical means for achieving the above technical problem, the low voltage DC converter according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a switching unit for converting a high voltage supplied from a high voltage battery into an AC voltage, and an air gap in a core region, It includes a transformer that steps down the AC voltage to a low voltage through a turns ratio and a power supply unit that rectifies and supplies the low voltage to a load.

상기 스위칭부는 풀-브릿지 방식으로 전력 스위칭 소자가 배치될 수 있다.Power switching elements may be disposed in the switching unit in a full-bridge manner.

상기 턴비는 상기 변압기의 1차 입력 전류와 2차 입력 전류 및 자화전류에 기초하여 설정될 수 있다.The turns ratio may be set based on the primary input current, the secondary input current, and the magnetizing current of the transformer.

상기 코어 영역의 공극 및 턴비는 상기 스위칭부의 영전압 스위칭 동작을 위한 최소 인덕턴스값과 상기 변압기의 누설 인덕턴스값의 비교를 통하여 조정 될 수 있다.The air gap and turns ratio of the core region may be adjusted by comparing a minimum inductance value for zero voltage switching operation of the switching unit and a leakage inductance value of the transformer.

상기 최소 인덕턴스값은 전력 스위칭 소자의 기생커패시턴스와 영전압 스위칭 인덕터에 저장되는 에너지에 기초하여 설정될 수 있다.The minimum inductance value may be set based on parasitic capacitance of the power switching device and energy stored in the zero voltage switching inductor.

상기 누설 인덕턴스값은 상기 변압기의 1차측 누설 인덕턴스값과 1차측 턴비 및 1차측 회로저항에 기초하여 산출될 수 있다.The leakage inductance value may be calculated based on a primary side leakage inductance value of the transformer, a primary side turns ratio, and a primary side circuit resistance.

또한, 본 발명의 제 2 측면에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치의 구동방법은 고전압 배터리로부터 제공되는 고전압을 교류전압으로 변환하는 단계; 상기 교류전압을 코어 영역에 공극이 포함되고 턴비가 조정된 변압기를 이용하여 저전압으로 강압하는 단계 및 상기 저전압을 정류하여 부하로 공급하는 단계를 포함한다.In addition, a method for driving a low voltage DC converter according to a second aspect of the present invention includes the steps of converting a high voltage provided from a high voltage battery into an AC voltage; The step of stepping down the AC voltage to a low voltage using a transformer having an air gap in a core region and having an adjusted turns ratio, and step of rectifying the low voltage and supplying the low voltage to a load.

상기 고전압은 풀-브릿지 방식으로 배치된 전력 스위칭 소자를 통해 상기 교류전압으로 변환될 수 있다.The high voltage may be converted into the AC voltage through a power switching device arranged in a full-bridge manner.

상기 턴비는 상기 변압기의 1차 입력 전류와 2차 입력 전류 및 자화전류에 기초하여 설정될 수 있다The turns ratio may be set based on the primary input current, the secondary input current, and the magnetizing current of the transformer.

상기 코어 영역의 공극 및 턴비는 전력 스위칭 소자의 영전압 스위칭 동작을 위한 최소 인덕턴스값과 상기 변압기의 누설 인덕턴스값의 비교를 통하여 조정 될 수 있다.The air gap and turns ratio of the core region may be adjusted by comparing a minimum inductance value for a zero voltage switching operation of the power switching device and a leakage inductance value of the transformer.

상기 최소 인덕턴스값은 상기 전력 스위칭 소자의 기생커패시턴스와 영전압 스위칭 인덕터에 저장되는 에너지에 기초하여 설정될 수 있다.The minimum inductance value may be set based on the parasitic capacitance of the power switching device and energy stored in the zero voltage switching inductor.

상기 누설 인덕턴스값은 상기 변압기의 1차측 누설 인덕턴스값과 1차측 턴비 및 1차측 회로저항에 기초하여 산출될 수 있다.The leakage inductance value may be calculated based on a primary side leakage inductance value of the transformer, a primary side turns ratio, and a primary side circuit resistance.

전술한 본 발명의 과제 해결 수단 중 어느 하나에 의하면, 변압기 코어 영역에 공극을 추가하고 턴비를 조정함으로써, 제품의 재료비와 크기를 절감할 수 있다.According to any one of the above-described problem solving means of the present invention, the material cost and size of the product can be reduced by adding an air gap to the transformer core region and adjusting the turn ratio.

또한 제품의 크기 절감에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치의 전력밀도 향상이 가능하다.In addition, it is possible to improve the power density of the low voltage DC converter according to the size reduction of the product.

도 1은 종래 기술에 따른 풀-브릿지 방식의 저전압 직류변환장치를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치의 구성도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치의 변압기를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치의 구동방법의 순서도이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치의 변압기 설정방법의 순서도이다.
도 7은 종래기술 및 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치의 변압기의 내부 구조를 나타낸 도면이다.
도 8은 종래기술 및 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치의 출력 파형을 나타낸 도면이다
도 9는 종래기술 및 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치의 출력값을 나타낸 도면이다.1 is a diagram for explaining a full-bridge low-voltage DC converter according to the prior art.
2 is a block diagram of a low voltage DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram for explaining a low voltage DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram for explaining a transformer of a low voltage DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a flowchart of a method for driving a low voltage DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a flowchart of a method for setting a transformer of a low voltage DC converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a view showing the internal structure of a transformer of a low voltage DC converter according to the prior art and an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a diagram showing output waveforms of a low voltage DC converter according to the prior art and an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a diagram showing output values of a low voltage DC converter according to the prior art and an embodiment of the present invention.

아래에서는 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시 할 수 있도록 본 발명의 실시예를 상세히 설명한다. 그러나 본 발명은 여러 가지 상이한 형태로 구현될 수 있으며 여기에서 설명하는 실시예에 한정되지 않는다. 그리고 도면에서 본 발명을 명확하게 설명하기 위해서 설명과 관계없는 부분은 생략하였다.Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily practice the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted.

한편, 본 명세서에서 사용된 용어는 실시예들을 설명하기 위한 것이며 본 발명을 제한하고자 하는 것은 아니다. 본 명세서에서, 단수형은 문구에서 특별히 언급하지 않는 한 복수형도 포함한다. 명세서에서 사용되는 "포함한다(comprise)" 및/또는 "포함하는(comprising)"은 언급된 구성소자, 단계, 동작 및/또는 소자가 하나 이상의 다른 구성소자, 단계 동작 및/또는 소자의 존재 또는 추가됨을 배제하지 않는다.Meanwhile, terms used in this specification are for describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In this specification, singular forms also include plural forms unless specifically stated otherwise in a phrase. As used herein, "comprise" and/or "comprising" means that the stated component, step, operation, and/or element is the presence or absence of one or more other components, step operations, and/or elements; It does not preclude adding

본 발명은 저전압 직류변환장치(100) 및 그 구동방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a low voltage DC converter (100) and a driving method thereof.

친환경 차량에서 저전압 직류변환장치는, 고전압의 메인 배터리에서 출력되는 고전압으로 저전압의 보조 배터리를 충전하고 차량 내부에 실장되는 각종 전장 부하들의 전원을 공급하기 위한 필수적인 장치이다. 그리고 대전력 변환에는 절연형의 스위칭 동작을 수행하는 풀-브릿지 방식이 이용된다.In an eco-friendly vehicle, a low-voltage DC converter is an essential device for charging a low-voltage auxiliary battery with a high voltage output from a high-voltage main battery and supplying power to various electric loads mounted inside the vehicle. In addition, a full-bridge method that performs an insulated switching operation is used for high power conversion.

이하에서는 도 1을 참조하여 종래의 저전압 직류변환장치의 동작을 설명한다.Hereinafter, the operation of the conventional low voltage DC converter will be described with reference to FIG. 1 .

도 1은 종래 기술에 따른 풀-브릿지 방식의 저전압 직류변환장치를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.1 is a diagram for explaining a full-bridge low-voltage DC converter according to the prior art.

도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 저전압 직류변환장치는 고전압 배터리(HV)를 입력전원으로 하여 전력 스위칭 소자(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)의 스위칭 동작을 통해 변압기(Tr)로 고전압 교류전력을 입력시킨다.As shown in FIG. 1, the low-voltage DC converter uses a high-voltage battery (HV) as an input power source and inputs high-voltage AC power to a transformer (Tr) through switching operations of power switching elements (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4). let it

이때, 전력 스위칭 소자(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)의 스위칭 동작시 전력 손실이 발생하므로, 이러한 스위칭 전력 손실을 최소화하기 위하여 영전압 스위칭 동작을 이용한다.At this time, since power loss occurs during the switching operation of the power switching elements Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, a zero voltage switching operation is used to minimize such switching power loss.

영전압 스위칭 동작은 전력소자의 고속 스위칭 기법으로, 컨버터 분야의 고효율 달성에 기여하는 중요한 설계 요소이지만, 영전압 스위칭 인덕터(Lzvs)를 필요로 하게된다.Zero voltage switching operation is a high-speed switching technique of power devices and is an important design factor contributing to achieving high efficiency in the converter field, but requires a zero voltage switching inductor (Lzvs).

하지만, 영전압 스위칭 인덕터(Lzvs)는 전력 스위칭 소자(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)의 스위칭 동작시 발열을 수반하므로, 히트싱크 등을 이용한 방열구조나 이를 위한 냉각시스템이 요구되는데, 이는 시스템 측면에서 많은 공간을 차지하게 되어 제품 크기를 증가시킨다.However, since the zero voltage switching inductor (Lzvs) accompanies heat during the switching operation of the power switching elements (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4), a heat dissipation structure using a heat sink or the like or a cooling system for this is required. It takes up a lot of space and increases the size of the product.

본 발명의 일 실시예는 상기와 같은 문제를 해소하기 위하여, 변압기(120)의 코어 영역에 공극을 추가하고 변압기(120)의 턴비를 조정해서 종래의 영전압 스위칭 인덕터를 대체하는 것을 특징으로 한다.An embodiment of the present invention is characterized by adding an air gap to the core region of the transformer 120 and adjusting the turn ratio of the transformer 120 to replace the conventional zero voltage switching inductor in order to solve the above problems. .

이하에서는 도 2 내지 도 4를 참조하여 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치(100)에 대하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, a low voltage DC converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4 .

도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 구성도이고, 도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치(100)를 설명하기 위한 도면이다. 도 4는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치 (100)의 변압기(120)를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.2 is a block diagram of a low voltage DC converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the low voltage DC converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a diagram for explaining the transformer 120 of the low voltage DC converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치 (100)는 스위칭부(110), 변압기(120), 및 전원공급부(130)를 포함한다.As shown in FIG. 2 , the low voltage DC converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a switching unit 110, a transformer 120, and a power supply unit 130.

스위칭부(110)는 차량의 고전압 배터리로부터 제공되는 고전압을 교류전압으로 변환한다.The switching unit 110 converts the high voltage provided from the vehicle's high voltage battery into AC voltage.

도 3를 참조하면, 스위칭부(110)에는 전력 스위칭 소자(Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)가 풀-브릿지 방식으로 배치되어, 후술하는 누설 인덕턴스(Llk1)에 의해 영전압 스위칭 동작을 수행할 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 3 , power switching elements Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are disposed in a full-bridge manner in the switching unit 110, and a zero-voltage switching operation can be performed by a leakage inductance Llk1 described later. there is.

또한 스위칭부(110)에는 종래 기술에서 영전압 스위칭 동작을 위해 설치되는 인덕터(Lzvs)가 제거되고, 상술한 변압기(120)의 코어 영역의 공극 추가와 턴비 조정을 통하여 변압기(120)의 1차측 누설 인덕턴스(Llk1)로 대체함으로써 제품의 재료비를 절감하고 제품 사이즈를 감소시킬 수 있다. 또한 제품 사이즈를 감소시킴으로써 제품의 전력밀도를 향상시킬 수 있다.In addition, the inductor (Lzvs) installed in the switching unit 110 for a zero voltage switching operation in the prior art is removed, and the primary side of the transformer 120 is added through the aforementioned air gap addition in the core region of the transformer 120 and adjustment of the turns ratio. By replacing the leakage inductance (Llk1), it is possible to reduce the material cost of the product and reduce the product size. In addition, by reducing the size of the product, the power density of the product can be improved.

변압기(120)는 스위칭부(110) 로부터 출력되는교류전압을 저전압으로 강압하여 전원 공급부(130)로 전달한다.The transformer 120 steps down the AC voltage output from the switching unit 110 to a low voltage and transmits it to the power supply unit 130 .

도 4를 참조하면, 변압기(120)는 코어 영역에 공극이 추가됨으로써, 수학식 1에 따라 자화 인덕턴스(Lm)가 감소된다. Referring to FIG. 4 , since an air gap is added to the core region of the transformer 120 , magnetization inductance Lm is reduced according to Equation 1.

[수학식 1][Equation 1]

여기에서 Lm은 변압기(120)의 자화인덕턴스, N1은 변압기(120) 1차측 턴비, Rc는 코어 영역의 자기저항, Rg는 공극의 자기저항을 의미한다.Here, Lm is the magnetizing inductance of the transformer 120, N1 is the primary turns ratio of the transformer 120, Rc is the magnetoresistance of the core region, and Rg is the magnetoresistance of the air gap.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 변압기(120)의 코어는 자성체로써, 자성체가 고유하게 가지는 포화 특성을 상회하는 전류가 인가되어 코어가 포화되면 정상 기능을 할 수없으므로, 자화 전류를 감소시키기 위하여 변압기(120)의 턴비가 같이 고려된다.The core of the transformer 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a magnetic material, and if a current exceeding the saturation characteristic inherent in the magnetic material is applied and the core is saturated, it cannot function normally. Therefore, in order to reduce the magnetizing current, the transformer The turn ratio of (120) is considered as well.

따라서, 변압기(120)의 턴비 조정을 통하여 수학식 2에 의한 변압기(120) 자화전류(im) 감소 효과와 수학식 3에 의한 변압기(120) 1차측 누설인덕턴스 (Llk1) 증가 효과를 얻을 수 있다.Therefore, the effect of reducing the magnetizing current (im) of the transformer 120 according to Equation 2 and the effect of increasing the primary side leakage inductance Llk1 of the transformer 120 according to Equation 3 can be obtained by adjusting the turns ratio of the transformer 120. .

[수학식 2][Equation 2]

여기에서 im은 변압기(120) 자화전류, i1은 변압기(120) 1차 입력 전류, N1은 변압기(120) 1차측 턴비, N2는 변압기(120) 2차측 턴비, i2는 변압기(120) 2차 출력전류를 의미한다.Here, im is the magnetizing current of the transformer 120, i1 is the primary input current of the transformer 120, N1 is the primary turn ratio of the transformer 120, N2 is the secondary turn ratio of the transformer 120, and i2 is the secondary side of the transformer 120. Indicates the output current.

[수학식 3][Equation 3]

여기에서, Llk1은 변압기(120) 1차측 누설 인덕턴스값, N1은 변압기(120) 1차측 턴비, R1은 변압기(120) 1차 회로저항을 의미한다.Here, Llk1 is the primary side leakage inductance value of the transformer 120, N1 is the primary side turn ratio of the transformer 120, and R1 is the primary circuit resistance of the transformer 120.

전원공급부(130)는 변압기(120)로부터 출력되는 저전압을 정류하여 부하로 공급한다.The power supply unit 130 rectifies the low voltage output from the transformer 120 and supplies it to the load.

이하에서는 도 5를 참조하여, 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 구동방법을 설명한다.Hereinafter, referring to FIG. 5, a driving method of the low voltage DC converter 100 will be described.

도 5는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 구동방법의 순서도이다.5 is a flowchart of a driving method of the low voltage DC converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 5을 참조한 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 구동방법은, 우선 차량의 고전압 배터리로부터 제공되는 고전압을 교류전압으로 변환한다(S110).In the driving method of the low voltage DC converter 100 shown in FIG. 5 , first, the high voltage provided from the high voltage battery of the vehicle is converted into an AC voltage (S110).

이때, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따르면, 차량의 고전압을 교류전압으로 변환하기 위하여 전력 스위칭 소자가 풀-브릿지 방식으로 배치될 수 있다.At this time, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the power switching element may be disposed in a full-bridge manner to convert the high voltage of the vehicle into an AC voltage.

다음으로, 교류전압을 코어 영역에 공극이 추가되고 턴비가 조정된 변압기(120)를 이용하여 저전압으로 강압한다.Next, the AC voltage is stepped down to a low voltage using the transformer 120 with an air gap added to the core region and the turns ratio adjusted.

이때, 변압기(120)의 코어 영역에 공극이 추가되고 턴비가 조정됨으로써 적용되는 구체적인 내용은 상술한 도 4 및 수학식 1 내지 수학식 3에서 설명하였으므로, 이하 생략하도록 한다.At this time, since the air gap is added to the core region of the transformer 120 and the turn ratio is adjusted, the details applied are described in FIG. 4 and Equations 1 to 3, so they will be omitted below.

최종적으로, 저전압을 정류하여 차량의 저전압 보조배터리 및 전장 부하로 공급한다(S130).Finally, the low voltage is rectified and supplied to the low voltage auxiliary battery and electric load of the vehicle (S130).

상술한 설명에서, 단계 S110 내지 S130은 본 발명의 구현예에 따라서, 추가적인 단계들로 더 분할되거나, 더 적은 단계들로 조합될 수 있다. 또한, 일부 단계는 필요에 따라 생략될 수도 있고, 단계 간의 순서가 변경될 수도 있다. 아울러, 기타 생략된 내용이라 하더라도 도 4에서 이미 기술된 내용은 도 5의 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 구동방법에도 적용될 수 있다.In the foregoing description, steps S110 to S130 may be further divided into additional steps or combined into fewer steps, depending on an embodiment of the present invention. Also, some steps may be omitted if necessary, and the order of steps may be changed. In addition, even if other contents are omitted, the contents already described in FIG. 4 can also be applied to the driving method of the low voltage DC converter 100 of FIG. 5 .

한편, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 변압기(120)는 도 6과 같은 방법으로 설정될 수 있다.Meanwhile, the transformer 120 of the low voltage DC converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be set in the same way as shown in FIG. 6 .

도 6은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 변압기(120) 설정방법의 순서도이다.6 is a flowchart of a method for setting the transformer 120 of the low voltage DC converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 6을 참조하면, 우선 전압/전류 용량 및 기생커패시턴스를 고려하여 전력 스위칭 소자가 설정된다(S210).Referring to FIG. 6 , first, a power switching device is set in consideration of voltage/current capacity and parasitic capacitance (S210).

다음으로, 영전압 스위칭 동작을 보장하기 위한 최소 인덕턴스(Lmin) 값을 설정한다(S220)Next, the minimum inductance (Lmin) value to ensure zero voltage switching operation is set (S220).

여기에서, 최소 인덕턴스값은 종래의 저전압 직류변환장치가 전력 스위칭 소자의 영전압 스위칭 동작을 보장하기 위해 가져야 했던 영전압 스위칭 인덕터의 최소 값을 의미하고, 전력 스위칭 소자의 기생커패시턴스가 영전압 스위칭 인덕터에 저장되는 에너지보다 작도록 설정된다.Here, the minimum inductance value means the minimum value of the zero-voltage switching inductor that the conventional low-voltage DC converter had to have to ensure the zero-voltage switching operation of the power switching element, and the parasitic capacitance of the power switching element is the zero-voltage switching inductor is set to be less than the energy stored in

다음으로, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따라 변압기(120)의 턴비를 설정하고 공극을 조정한다(S230).Next, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the turn ratio of the transformer 120 is set and the air gap is adjusted (S230).

이때, 변압기(120)의 턴비 설정 및 코어 영역의 공극 조정에는 입력 전압 범위가 고려된다.At this time, the input voltage range is considered in setting the turns ratio of the transformer 120 and adjusting the air gap in the core region.

다음으로, 상술한 수학식 3을 이용하여 변압기(120)의 누설 인덕턴스(Llk1) 값을 산출한다(S240).Next, the value of the leakage inductance Llk1 of the transformer 120 is calculated using Equation 3 described above (S240).

다음으로, 설정된 최소 인덕턴스(Lmin) 값과 산출된 누설 인덕턴스(Llk1) 값을 비교한다.(S250)Next, the set minimum inductance (Lmin) value and the calculated leakage inductance (Llk1) value are compared (S250).

비교 결과 최소 인덕턴스(Lmin) 값이 누설 인덕턴스(Llk1) 값보다 작을 경우, 감소된 자화전류 및 자화 인덕턴스와 증가된 누설인덕턴스값을 포함하는 것을 조건으로 하는 변압기(120)를 제품에 적용하게 된다(S260).As a result of the comparison, if the minimum inductance (Lmin) value is smaller than the leakage inductance (Llk1) value, the transformer 120 is applied to the product under the condition that the reduced magnetizing current and magnetizing inductance and the increased leakage inductance value are included ( S260).

반면, 최소 인덕턴스(Lmin) 값이 누설 인덕턴스(Llk1) 값보다 클 경우, 턴비를 설정하고 공극을 조정하는 단계(S230)를 재수행한다.On the other hand, when the value of the minimum inductance (Lmin) is greater than the value of the leakage inductance (Llk1), the step of setting the turns ratio and adjusting the air gap (S230) is performed again.

이하에서는 도 7 내지 도 9를 참조하여 종래기술 및 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 변압기(120)의 내부 구조와 변압기(120) 코어 영역의 공극 추가 및 턴비 조정에 따른 출력값 변화에 대하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9 , the internal structure of the transformer 120 according to the prior art and an embodiment of the present invention and the change in output value according to the addition of air gaps in the core region of the transformer 120 and the adjustment of the turns ratio will be described.

도 7은 종래기술 및 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 변압기(120)의 내부 구조를 나타낸 도면이다.7 is a view showing the internal structure of the transformer 120 of the low voltage DC converter 100 according to the prior art and an embodiment of the present invention.

도 7을 참조하면, 본 발명의 일 실시예는 종래기술에서 변압기(120)에 추가로 설치되는 영전압 스위칭 인덕터를 제거하고, 변압기(120)의 코어 영역에 공극을 추가하고 변압기(120)의 턴비를 조정함으로써 영전압 스위칭 인덕터를 대체할 수 있다. 이는 종래의 변압기 대비 부품 개수가 감소되어 제품의 재료비를 절감하고 제품 사이즈를 감소시킬 수 있다. 그리고 제품의 크기가 감소됨으로써 제품의 전력밀도를 향상시킬 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 7 , an embodiment of the present invention removes the zero-voltage switching inductor additionally installed in the transformer 120 in the prior art, adds an air gap to the core region of the transformer 120, and A zero-voltage switching inductor can be substituted by adjusting the turns ratio. This reduces the number of parts compared to the conventional transformer, thereby reducing the material cost of the product and reducing the product size. In addition, as the size of the product is reduced, the power density of the product can be improved.

도 8은 종래기술 및 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 출력 파형을 나타낸 도면으로, 복수회 시행 결과 중 대비가 용이한 결과를 나타낸 것이다. 도 9는 종래기술 및 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 출력값을 나타낸 도면이다.8 is a diagram showing output waveforms of the low voltage DC converter 100 according to the prior art and an embodiment of the present invention, and shows results that are easy to compare among the results of multiple trials. 9 is a diagram showing output values of the low voltage DC converter 100 according to the prior art and an embodiment of the present invention.

도 8의 상단은 종래기술의 출력값을 파형으로 나타낸 것이고, 도 8의 하단은 본 발명의 실시예에 따라 변압기(120)의 코어 영역에 공극을 추가하고 턴비를 조정한 후의 출력값을 파형으로 나타낸 것이다.The upper part of FIG. 8 shows the output value of the prior art as a waveform, and the lower part of FIG. 8 shows the output value after adding an air gap to the core region of the transformer 120 and adjusting the turn ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention as a waveform. .

본 발명의 일 실시예에 따르면, 턴비는 11:1:1로 조정될 수 있다.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the turn ratio may be adjusted to 11:1:1.

도 9를 참조하면, 입력 전압 및 입력 전류는 같다. 자화 인덕턴스는 종래기술의 경우, 800μH 에서 본 발명의 실시예에 따라 변압기(120)의 코어 영역에 공극을 추가하고 턴비를 조정한 후 210μH으로 감소하였다. 그리고 변압기(120)의 누설 인덕턴스는 2.8μH에서 4.3μH으로 증가하였다.Referring to FIG. 9 , the input voltage and input current are the same. The magnetization inductance decreased from 800 μH in the prior art to 210 μH after adding an air gap to the core region of the transformer 120 and adjusting the turns ratio according to the embodiment of the present invention. And the leakage inductance of the transformer 120 increased from 2.8 μH to 4.3 μH.

시뮬레이션 결과, 자화 인덕턴스 감소에 따라 자화전류가 감소되어 저전압 직류변환장치(100)의 동작 성능은 기존 대비 동등 이상인 것으로 확인되며, 자화 전류 감소로 기존 대비 입력전류가 감소되어 시스템 효율 상승 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 또한, 변압기(120)의 듀티비에 대한 마진도 확보가 가능한 것으로 확인되었다.As a result of the simulation, it is confirmed that the magnetizing current is reduced as the magnetizing inductance is reduced, and the operation performance of the low-voltage DC converter 100 is equal to or higher than the conventional one. there is. In addition, it was confirmed that a margin for the duty ratio of the transformer 120 can be secured.

전술한 본 발명의 설명은 예시를 위한 것이며, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자는 본 발명의 기술적 사상이나 필수적인 특징을 변경하지 않고서 다른 구체적인 형태로 쉽게 변형이 가능하다는 것을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. 그러므로 이상에서 기술한 실시예들은 모든 면에서 예시적인 것이며 한정적이 아닌 것으로 이해해야만 한다. 예를 들어, 단일형으로 설명되어 있는 각 구성 요소는 분산되어 실시될 수도 있으며, 마찬가지로 분산된 것으로 설명되어 있는 구성 요소들도 결합된 형태로 실시될 수 있다.The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes, and those skilled in the art can understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not limiting. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

본 발명의 범위는 상기 상세한 설명보다는 후술하는 특허청구범위에 의하여 나타내어지며, 특허청구범위의 의미 및 범위 그리고 그 균등 개념으로부터 도출되는 모든 변경 또는 변형된 형태가 본 발명의 범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 한다.The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims rather than the detailed description above, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

100: 저전압 직류변환장치 110: 스위칭부
120: 변압기 130: 전원공급부
Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4: 전력 스위칭 소자 Lzvs: 영전압 스위칭인덕터
C1, C2, C3, C4: 기생 커패시턴스 D1, D2: 정류 다이오드100: low voltage DC converter 110: switching unit
120: transformer 130: power supply unit
Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4: Power switching element Lzvs: Zero voltage switching inductor
C1, C2, C3, C4: Parasitic capacitance D1, D2: Rectifier diode

Claims (12)

저전압 직류변환장치에 있어서,
고전압 배터리로부터 제공되는 고전압을 교류전압으로 변환하는 스위칭부,
코어 영역에 공극을 포함하며, 조정된 턴비를 통해 상기 교류전압을 저전압으로 강압하는 변압기 및
상기 저전압을 정류하여 부하로 공급하는 전원 공급부를 포함하되,
상기 스위칭부는, 상기 변압기의 누설 인덕턴스에 의해 영전압 스위칭 동작을 수행하고,
상기 코어 영역의 공극 및 턴비는 상기 스위칭부의 영전압 스위칭 동작을 위한 최소 인덕턴스와 상기 변압기의 누설 인덕턴스의 비교를 통하여 조정 되는 것인 저전압 직류변환장치.In the low voltage direct current converter,
A switching unit that converts the high voltage provided from the high voltage battery into AC voltage;
A transformer including an air gap in a core region and stepping down the AC voltage to a low voltage through an adjusted turns ratio; and
A power supply unit for rectifying the low voltage and supplying it to a load,
The switching unit performs a zero voltage switching operation by the leakage inductance of the transformer,
The air gap and turns ratio of the core region is adjusted by comparing a minimum inductance for a zero voltage switching operation of the switching unit and a leakage inductance of the transformer. 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 스위칭부는 풀-브릿지 방식으로 전력 스위칭 소자가 배치되는 것인 저전압 직류변환장치.According to claim 1,
The switching unit is a low voltage DC converter in which power switching elements are disposed in a full-bridge manner. 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 턴비는 상기 변압기의 1차 입력 전류와 2차 입력 전류 및 자화전류에 기초하여 설정되는 것인 저전압 직류변환장치.According to claim 1,
The turn ratio is set based on the primary input current, the secondary input current, and the magnetizing current of the transformer. 삭제delete 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 최소 인덕턴스는 전력 스위칭 소자의 기생커패시턴스에 기초하여 설정되는 것인 저전압 직류변환장치.According to claim 1,
The minimum inductance is set based on the parasitic capacitance of the power switching device. 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 누설 인덕턴스는 상기 변압기의 1차측 누설 인덕턴스와 1차측 턴비 및 1차측 회로저항에 기초하여 산출되는 것인 저전압 직류변환장치.According to claim 1,
Wherein the leakage inductance is calculated based on the primary leakage inductance of the transformer, the primary turns ratio, and the primary circuit resistance. 저전압 직류변환장치의 구동방법에 있어서,
고전압 배터리로부터 제공되는 고전압을 교류전압으로 변환하는 단계;
상기 교류전압을 코어 영역에 공극이 포함되고 턴비가 조정된 변압기를 이용하여 저전압으로 강압하는 단계;
상기 저전압을 정류하여 부하로 공급하는 단계를 포함하되,
상기 변환하는 단계는, 전력 스위칭 소자를 통해 상기 고전압을 변환하고,
상기 전력 스위칭 소자는, 상기 변압기의 누설 인덕턴스에 의해 영전압 스위칭 동작을 수행하고,
상기 변압기의 공극 및 턴비는 상기 전력 스위칭 소자의 영전압 스위칭 동작을 위한 최소 인덕턴스와 상기 변압기의 누설 인덕턴스의 비교를 통하여 조정되는 것인 저전압 직류변환장치의 구동방법.In the driving method of the low voltage direct current converter,
converting the high voltage provided from the high voltage battery into an alternating current voltage;
stepping down the AC voltage to a low voltage using a transformer having an air gap in a core region and an adjusted turn ratio;
Rectifying the low voltage and supplying it to a load,
The converting step converts the high voltage through a power switching device,
The power switching element performs a zero voltage switching operation by the leakage inductance of the transformer;
The air gap and turns ratio of the transformer is adjusted by comparing a minimum inductance for a zero voltage switching operation of the power switching element and a leakage inductance of the transformer. 제 7 항에 있어서,
상기 고전압은 풀-브릿지 방식으로 배치된 전력 스위칭 소자를 통해 상기 교류전압으로 변환되는 것인 저전압 직류변환장치의 구동방법.According to claim 7,
The high voltage is converted to the AC voltage through a power switching element arranged in a full-bridge manner. 제 7 항에 있어서,
상기 턴비는 상기 변압기의 1차 입력 전류와 2차 입력 전류 및 자화전류에 기초하여 설정되는 것인 저전압 직류변환장치의 구동방법.According to claim 7,
The turn ratio is set based on the primary input current, the secondary input current, and the magnetizing current of the transformer. 삭제delete 제 7 항에 있어서,
상기 최소 인덕턴스는 상기 전력 스위칭 소자의 기생커패시턴스에 기초하여 설정되는 것인 직류변환장치의 구동방법.According to claim 7,
Wherein the minimum inductance is set based on the parasitic capacitance of the power switching device. 제 7 항에 있어서,
상기 누설 인덕턴스는 상기 변압기의 1차측 누설 인덕턴스와 1차측 턴비 및 1차측 회로저항에 기초하여 산출되는 것인 저전압 직류변환장치의 구동방법.

According to claim 7,
The leakage inductance is calculated based on the primary leakage inductance of the transformer, the primary turns ratio, and the primary circuit resistance.
KR1020180083575A 2018-07-18 2018-07-18 Low voltage dc-dc converter and driving method thereof KR102569566B1 (en)

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