KR102565050B1 - Filter media for filtration of fibrous micro-plastic in dyeing wastewater, filter unit and filter apparatus comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics in dyeing wastewater is provided. A filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a support and a filtration layer in which at least three nanofiber webs having different average pore diameters are stacked on both sides of the support, and the at least The three types of nanofibrous webs are implemented so that the nanofibrous web having a larger average pore diameter is positioned from the side close to the surface through which the raw water flows toward the support. According to this, since the removal efficiency of the fibrous microplastics contained in the dyeing wastewater effluent is high, it is possible to effectively suppress the discharge of the fibrous microplastics into the ecosystem through the effluent. In addition, since the damage to the membrane caused by the fibrous microplastics is small and the filtration capacity is excellent, degradation of the membrane performance is minimized even during a long period of use, so that the replacement cycle can be extended.

Description

Filter media for filtration of fibrous micro-plastic in dyeing wastewater, filter unit and filter apparatus comprising the same}

The present invention relates to a filter medium, and more particularly, to a filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics contained in dyeing wastewater or pretreated dyeing wastewater effluent, a filter unit and a filter device including the same.

Microplastics are plastics (polymer compounds) of small particles less than 5 mm, and are classified into primary and secondary microplastics according to the source. Primary microplastics are plastics that are intentionally made small from the time of production, and are used in cosmetics, industrial abrasives, toothpaste, cleaning products, detergents, exfoliants, and facial cleansers. It includes resin pellets (resin pellets) and the like. Secondary microplastics refer to plastics that are larger than 5 mm in size when produced, but are artificially or naturally micronized during the process of using, consuming, and discarding plastics. .

Microplastics are currently becoming a serious social problem as they cause environmental problems due to their accumulation in almost all areas of soil, rivers and oceans. Microplastics enter the ocean through rivers and rivers, act as endocrine disruptors in marine organisms, disturb the ecosystem, and eventually pose a great danger to mankind, the top of the food chain.

In particular, fibrous microplastics, which account for about 35% of primary microplastics, are reported to be generated by being separated from synthetic fibers constituting clothing during the washing process of clothing products (IUCN, Primary Microplastics in the Oceans). , 2017). Once these fibrous microplastics are released, they are not easily removed by conventional filtering devices, and are classified as primary microplastics and accumulate in all food chains, including marine plankton, fish, mammals, and algae, from physical wounds to intestinal obstruction, Oxidative stress, eating disorders, growth and reproductive disorders, and even death are causing various side effects, so reduction technologies are required.

In particular, it is essential to go through a dyeing processing process that colors or imparts various properties to fibers. The industrial wastewater generated after the dyeing processing process is high-temperature and highly alkaline, and contains dyes, dyes, surfactants, various polymer compounds, etc. It contains a large amount of the same recalcitrant substances, the amount of water used and the properties of the wastewater are not constant depending on the type of fiber or the dye used, and it contains a large amount of high-concentration pollutants. Moreover, dyeing wastewater discharged by domestic dyeing companies accounts for the second largest amount of domestic industrial wastewater, and companies without their own treatment facilities are choosing to collect and treat dyeing wastewater in batches.

Common dyeing wastewater treatment technologies include chemical coagulation, advanced oxidation process, biological treatment, ultrasonic process, membrane separation process, and activated carbon adsorption. There is a trend to combine MBR and MMBR complex processes and post-treatment processes, such as neutralization technology, dyeing wastewater treatment using electron beams, and dyeing wastewater treatment by Electrolytic Oxidation-Reduction.

However, it is known that a large amount of fibrous microplastics are contained in the treated effluent even after the treatment method as described above, and effective removal thereof is urgently needed.

Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1214991

The present invention was devised in consideration of the above points, and a filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics in dyeing wastewater with high removal efficiency for fibrous microplastics contained in dyeing wastewater effluent, a filter unit and a filter device including the same It aims to provide

In addition, the present invention is a filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics in dyeing wastewater that can have an extended replacement cycle as the damage to the membrane caused by the fibrous microplastics is minimized and the degradation of the membrane performance is minimized even during a long period of use, and a filter unit including the same And there is another object to provide a filter device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is disposed on both sides of the support and the support, and has a filtration layer in which at least three kinds of nanofibrous webs having different average pore diameters are laminated, wherein the at least three kinds of nanofibrous webs are stacked. It is an object of the present invention to provide a filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics arranged so that a nanofiber web having a larger average pore diameter is located from the side close to the surface into which raw water flows toward the support.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the filter medium for filtering fibrous microplastics may be for filtering fibrous microplastics having a length of less than 5 mm and an aspect ratio (L/D) of greater than 50.

In addition, the filtration layer includes a first nanofiber web, a second nanofiber web, and a third nanofiber web, wherein the first nanofiber web has an average pore diameter of 1 to 3 μm, and the second nanofiber web has an average pore diameter of 1 to 3 μm. The pore diameter may be 0.5 μm to less than 1 μm, and the third nanofiber web may have an average pore diameter of 0.1 μm to less than 0.5 μm.

In addition, the first nanofiber web, the second nanofiber web, and the third nanofiber web may have an average thickness of 5 to 20 μm.

In addition, the support includes a first support having a basis weight of 250 to 800 g/m 2 and a thickness of 2 to 8 mm, and a second support having a basis weight of 35 to 100 g/m 2 and a thickness of 150 to 250 μm disposed on both sides of the first support. It includes two supports, and the filtration layer may be disposed on each of the second supports.

In addition, the nanofiber web is formed of nanofibers containing a fluorine-based compound, and the fluorine-based compound is a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) system, a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA) system, Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP) system, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (EPE) system, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ETFE) It may include any one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) system, a chlorotrifluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) system, and a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) system.

In addition, the present invention is coupled to the fibrous microplastic filtration filter medium according to the present invention and the edge side of the filter medium to support the filter medium, and the flow path through which the effluent filtered through the filter medium flows and moves, and the effluent water It provides a filter unit for filtration of fibrous microplastics having a support frame formed with a receiving port for outflow.

In addition, in the present invention, a plurality of filter units according to the present invention are connected to a filter assembly integrated through a fastening bar and a receiving port provided in each of the plurality of filter units in a one-to-one matching manner to filter effluent discharged from each filter unit. It provides a filter device for filtration of fibrous microplastics comprising at least one common filtering member.

According to the filter medium of the present invention, the removal efficiency of fibrous microplastics contained in dyeing wastewater effluent is high, so that the discharge of fibrous microplastics into the ecosystem through effluent can be effectively suppressed. In addition, since damage to the membrane due to fibrous microplastics is small and deterioration of membrane performance is minimized even during a long period of use, an extended replacement cycle can be obtained, and the membrane can be reused as backwashing is possible at high pressure.

1 is a schematic diagram of a filter device for filtration of fibrous microplastics according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which one of a plurality of filter modules for filtration of fibrous microplastics is separated from a main frame;
2 is a view showing a filter module for filtering fibrous microplastics according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 3 is an enlarged view showing the coupling relationship between the spacing adjusting member and the fastening bar in Figure 2;
4 is a view showing another shape of a receiver in a filter module for filtration of fibrous microplastics according to an embodiment of the present invention;
5 is a view showing a filter unit for filtering fibrous microplastics according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the frame applied to Figure 5, and
FIG. 7 is a view showing a movement path through which effluent is introduced toward the receiving port in the filter unit for filtration of fibrous microplastics according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. This invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly describe the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and the same reference numerals are added to the same or similar components throughout the specification.

Referring to FIG. 1, a filter device 300 for filtration of fibrous microplastics according to an embodiment of the present invention may include at least one filter module 200, and the filter module 200 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a filter assembly 210 in which a plurality of fibrous microplastic filtration filter units 100 are integrated through a fastening bar and filtering effluent discharged from the plurality of filter units 100 It may include at least one common filtering member 230 and a fixing frame 220 .

5 to 7, the filter unit 100 for filtration of fibrous microplastics is a filter medium 110 for filtration of fibrous microplastics and the edge side of the filter medium 110 for filtration of fibrous microplastics. It may include a support frame 120 coupled to, and may further include a spacing adjusting member (130,130 ').

The filter medium 110 for filtration of fibrous microplastics is a member for filtering foreign substances contained in dyeing wastewater or dyeing wastewater effluent, which is raw water, and particularly functions to filter fibrous microplastics contained in dyeing wastewater or dyeing wastewater effluent. Do it. Accordingly, the filter device 300 having the filter medium 110 may be employed in a pretreatment process in which dyeing wastewater is purified or in a step before the dyeing wastewater purified after the pretreatment process is discharged to sewage or the like. The fibrous microplastics are separated from fibers forming fabrics that have undergone a dyeing process, and may have a diameter of the fibers forming conventional fabrics or a smaller diameter. In addition, the microplastics have a fiber shape in which an aspect ratio (L/D, Length/Diameter) corresponding to a ratio of length to length in a cross section exceeds 20, or, for example, exceeds 50 or 100. and, for example, may have a length of several tens of μm to several mm.

Referring to FIG. 5, the filter medium 110 for filtration of fibrous microplastics includes supports 111 and 113 and filtration layers 112 disposed on both surfaces of the supports 111 and 113, and the outer surfaces, which are both surfaces, are provided. It may be designed to have a filtration flow to the inside, which is the inner part of the filter medium 110.

At this time, the filtration layer 112 removes foreign substances, especially fibrous microplastics, contained in the raw water, dyeing wastewater or dyeing wastewater effluent in the process of passing through the inside of the filter medium 110 before the dyeing wastewater generated after the dyeing process is discharged. It is for filtering, and the supports 111 and 113 support the filtration layer 112 and may serve as a movement passage through which the effluent produced by the filtration layer 112 moves.

At this time, the filter medium 110 may have a structure in which the filtration layer 112 is attached to both sides of two types of supports 111 and 113, but unlike that shown in FIG. 5, the filter layer 112 is one type of support. It may also consist of a structure attached to both sides of the support.

It will be described as a case in which two types of supports 111 and 113 are provided, and the thickness of the first support 111 of the two types of supports is thicker than the thickness of each of the second support 113 and the filtration layer 112, as an example. The thickness of the first support 111 may occupy 90% or more of the total thickness of the filter medium 110, and through this, even when a large pressure is applied to the filter medium 110 during the filtration process, the filter medium 110 is damaged. However, it may be easy to impart a support force capable of preventing deformation.

On the other hand, when only the first support 111 is provided among the two types of supports 111 and 113, the first support 111 may be mutually attached to the filtration layer 112 through thermal fusion. occupies most of the total thickness of the filter medium 110, the first support 111 in a state in which the filter layer 112 is disposed on both sides of the first support 111 in order to partially melt the surface of the first support 111 Heat of high temperature must be applied for a long time to exceed the heat capacity of the filter layer 112, which may cause unintentional deformation or damage. However, as the first support 111 and the filtration layer 112 are attached via the second support 113, which is much thinner than the first support 111, the filtration layer 112 is prevented from being melted or deformed. can do.

For example, the filtration layer 112 may be attached to the first support 111 via the second support 113 through thermal fusion, ultrasonic fusion, or high-frequency fusion. At this time, the second support body 113 may be formed of a composite fiber composed of a core portion that is a support fiber and a sheath portion that has a lower melting point than the support fiber covering the outer surface of the support fiber, and some or all of the sheath portion is melted. Through this, it is possible to bond with each of the first support 111 and the filtration layer 112 easily and with better adhesion strength. For example, the composite fiber may be a sheath-core composite fiber composed of a polypropylene core portion and a polyethylene sheath portion having a melting point of 60 to 180 ° C. Through this, the pressure change applied to the filter medium during the filtration process or the applied high There is an advantage of minimizing separation or damage between layers due to pressure. In particular, in the case of other materials, for example, low-melting composite fibers in which polyester components having different melting points are disposed in the sheath and core, it is easy to attach due to the brittle nature of the material even when it can be attached under similar temperature conditions Otherwise, even if attached, it can easily fall off. In addition, there is a concern that the separation between the layers may be accelerated by the pressure applied to the filter medium during filtration.

In addition, the first support 111, like the second support 113, may also be a member formed of a sheath-core type composite fiber composed of a polypropylene core portion and a polyethylene sheath portion having a melting point of 60 to 180 ° C, through which As the compatibility between the first support 111 and the second support 113 increases, better adhesion strength can be expressed, and through this, separation between layers can be further minimized.

The first support 111 and the second support 113 may be a porous substrate to serve as a passage through which the effluent produced by the filtration layer 112 moves. For example, the first support 111 and/or the second support 113 may be any one of a commonly used known fabric, knitted fabric, or nonwoven fabric, and may be, for example, a nonwoven fabric.

Also, the thickness of the first support 111 may be, for example, 2 to 8 mm, more preferably 2 to 5 mm, and even more preferably 3 to 5 mm. If the thickness is less than 2 mm, sufficient mechanical strength may not be expressed. In addition, when the thickness exceeds 8 mm, the degree of integration of the filter medium per unit volume of the module may decrease when the filter medium is implemented as a filter unit, which will be described later, and then assembled in a limited space to be implemented as a filter module.

Preferably, the first support 111 may have a basis weight of 250 to 800 g/m 2 , more preferably 350 to 600 g/m 2 while satisfying the thickness condition as described above. If the basis weight is 250 g / ㎡, it may be difficult to develop sufficient mechanical strength, and there is a problem in that the adhesion to the second support is reduced. However, it may be difficult to smoothly filter due to the increase in differential pressure.

In addition, the second support 113 may be, for example, a non-woven fabric. In this case, fibers forming the second support 113 may have an average diameter of 5 to 30 μm. In addition, the second support 113 may have a thickness of 100 to 400 μm, more preferably 150 to 400 μm, and even more preferably 150 to 250 μm, for example 200 μm. can

In addition, the second support 113 may have an average pore diameter of 20 to 100 μm and a porosity of 50 to 90%. However, it is not limited thereto.

In addition, the basis weight of the second support 113 may be 10 to 200 g/m2, more preferably 35 to 200 g/m2, and even more preferably 35 to 80 g/m2, for example, 40 g /㎡. If the basis weight is less than 10 g/m 2 , the amount of fibers forming the second support distributed in the interface formed with the filtration layer described later may be small, and accordingly, the effective bonding area of the second support in contact with the filtration layer is reduced. It may not be possible to express the desired level of binding force. In addition, there may be problems in that sufficient mechanical strength to support the filtration layer may not be expressed, and adhesion to the first support may decrease. In addition, if the basis weight exceeds 200 g / m 2, it may be difficult to secure a flow rate of a desired level, and smooth filtration may be difficult due to an increase in differential pressure.

The filtration layer 112 is a layer for filtering out foreign substances included in raw water, particularly fibrous microplastics, and includes a nanofiber web formed through nanofibers. In addition, in order to increase the filtration efficiency and filtration capacity of the fibrous microplastics and prevent damage caused by the fibrous microplastics, the filtration layer 112 is implemented by stacking at least three nanofiber webs having different average pore diameters, , The at least three kinds of nanofibrous webs may be arranged so that the nanofibrous web having a larger average pore diameter is positioned toward the supports 111 and 113 from the side close to the surface through which the raw water flows. On the other hand, the three types of nanofibrous webs having different average pore diameters are laminated and laminated so that the independently manufactured nanofiber webs form one filtration layer, or by spinning nanofibers on any one type of nanofibrous web to form an average filtration layer. It can be implemented in a way to form different types of nanofiber webs having different pore sizes.

The filtration layer may include a first nanofibrous web, a second nanofibrous web, and a third nanofibrous web having different average pore diameters, wherein the first nanofibrous web has an average pore diameter of 1 to 3 μm, more preferably Preferably 1.5 ~ 3㎛, more preferably 2 ~ 3㎛, the average pore diameter of the second nanofiber web is less than 0.5 ~ 1㎛, more preferably 0.5 ~ 0.8㎛, and the third nanofiber web has an average pore diameter of less than 0.5 ~ 1㎛. The pore diameter may be 0.1 μm to less than 0.5 μm, more preferably 0.3 to 0.5 μm, and through this, it may be more advantageous to achieve the object of the present invention.

In addition, the first nanofiber web, the second nanofiber web, and the third nanofiber web may each have an average thickness of 5 to 20 μm, more preferably 10 to 20 μm, through which the object of the present invention can be achieved. may be more advantageous.

The nanofiber web forming the filtration layer 112 is a material of a filter medium typically used for a filter medium, and can be used without limitation in the case of a material capable of electrospinning. However, it may preferably include a fluorine-based compound, and the fluorine-based compound is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA)-based, tetrafluoroethylene- Hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP) system, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (EPE) system, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ETFE) system, polychlorotri It may include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of fluoroethylene (PCTFE)-based, chlorotrifluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ECTFE)-based, and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based.

Meanwhile, the support frame 120 is disposed on the rim side of the above-described filter medium 110 to support the rim side of the filter medium 110 so that the filter medium 110 can maintain its plate shape.

The support frame 120 is composed of a single member and may fully or partially support the rim side of the filter medium 110, but a plurality of frames 120a and 120b may support the rim side of the filter medium 110. It may be implemented in a form coupled to the side.

For example, the plurality of frames 120a and 120b may be disposed on the edge side of the filter medium 110 so that one end is in contact with the other end, and the edge side of the filter medium 110 The end sides of the two frames 120a and 120b adjacent to each other may be connected to each other through the spacing adjusting members 130 and 130' disposed thereon.

However, the shape of the support frame is not limited thereto, and according to the shape of the filter medium 110, it may be changed into a circular shape, an arc shape, a polygonal shape, and various combinations of these shapes, which completely surrounds the rim of the filter medium. It is clear that it is free no matter what form it is.

At this time, the support frame 120 serves to support the filter medium 110 and moves the effluent produced by the filter medium 110 toward the receiver 133 through the suction force provided from the pressure reducing unit. Shiki can play the role of a euro.

To this end, each of the frames 120a and 120b constituting the support frame 120 may be provided in a substantially 'c' shape with one side open, and the discharged water flowing from the filter medium 110 to the inside may be provided. A moving passage 124 may be formed (see FIG. 6 ).

Specifically, the plurality of frames 120a and 120b include a plate-shaped first plate 121 and a pair of second plates 122 and 123 extending from both ends of the first plate 121 in a vertical direction, respectively. ) may be included. Through this, the filter medium 110 may be supported by the pair of second plates 122 and 123 facing each other as the rim side is inserted into the space formed between the pair of second plates 122 and 123. At this time, the edge side of the filter medium 110 inserted into the space formed between the pair of second plates 122 and 123 may be inserted to be spaced apart from the first plate 121 by a predetermined distance.

That is, a restraining member 125 for limiting the insertion depth of the filter medium 110 may be provided on the opposite surface of the pair of second plates 122 and 123 facing each other. Through this, in the process of fastening the edge side of the filter medium 110 to each of the frames 120a and 120b, the insertion depth of the filter medium 110 is limited through the restraining member 125, so that the filter medium ( A predetermined space may be formed between the edge-side end of the 110 and the first plate 121 .

Accordingly, when the filter medium 110 and the frames 120a and 120b are coupled, the edge of the filter medium 110 is always kept separated from the first plate 121, thereby producing water produced through filtration of raw water. A channel 124 through which discharged water can move may be formed.

In the present invention, the restraining member 125 may be formed on the opposite surface of the pair of second plates 122 and 123 facing each other, but only on the inner surface of any one of the pair of second plates 122 and 123. may be formed. In addition, the restraining member 125 may be provided entirely or partially along the longitudinal direction of each frame. In addition, when the restraining members 125 are formed on the opposite surfaces of the pair of second plates 122 and 123 facing each other, each restraining member 125 is spaced apart to have a predetermined interval so that the discharged water can be discharged at the interval. It can be moved to the flow path 124 side through.

The spacing adjusting members 130 and 130' are coupled to the corner side of the support frame 120 to fasten the two adjacent frames 120a and 120b and at the same time adjust the spacing between the filter media 110 adjacent to each other. it is for

The spacing adjusting members 130 and 130' may be provided in plural numbers, and may be coupled to a corner side of the support frame 120 to fix the ends of two frames 120a and 120b adjacent to each other.

To this end, the gap adjusting members 130 and 130' may include a body 131 with one side open so that end sides of frames 120a and 120b adjacent to each other may be inserted.

Accordingly, the two frames 120a and 120b adjacent to each other among the plurality of frames 120a and 120b constituting the support frame 120 have their end sides inserted into the body 131, so that the body ( 131) can be fixed.

For example, the end of one of the two adjacent frames 120a and 120b is inserted in the first direction of the body 131, and the end of the other frame 120b is the body 131. It is inserted in the second direction of 131 and may be arranged to come into contact with the end of the frame 120a inserted in the first direction.

At this time, the passage 124 formed in the frame 120a inserted in the first direction and the passage 124 formed in the frame 120b inserted in the second direction are arranged to communicate with each other, so that a plurality of frames 120a and 120b ) can all communicate with each other.

Here, the first direction and the second direction may be directions orthogonal to each other on the same plane, or may be directions inclined to have a predetermined angle with respect to one straight line on the same plane.

Meanwhile, a plurality of the above-described filter units 100 may be arranged in parallel with each other, and at this time, a spacing adjustment tool 132 may be provided so that each filter medium 110 may be spaced apart from each other.

Although the spacing adjusting device 132 may be provided in at least one of the plurality of frames 120a and 120b constituting the support frame 120, it may be provided in at least one of the spacing adjusting members 130 and 130'. may be provided.

For example, the spacer 132 may include an extension plate having a fastening hole 132b and a spacer member, and may be formed on one side of the spacer 130 or 130′ (see FIG. 8).

Specifically, the extension plate may extend outwardly from the body 131 of the spacing adjusting member 130 or 130', and a fastening hole 132b through which the fastening bar 240 passes may be formed through. Here, although the drawing shows that the fastening hole 132b is circularly formed through the extension plate, it is not limited thereto, and may have a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the fastening bar 240. For example, the fastening hole 132b may be formed in a circular shape, an arc shape, a polygonal cross section, or a combination thereof.

In this case, the spacer member may protrude from one surface of the extension plate at a predetermined height to have a predetermined thickness, and the spacer member may be provided to entirely or partially surround an edge of the fastening hole 132b.

Here, the spacer member may be formed on both sides of the extension plate 132a, or may be formed only on one side of the extension plate 132a, and may be formed in multiple stages having different heights from one side of the extension plate 132a. structure may be formed.

Here, the interval between the plurality of filter media 110 arranged in parallel to each other may be arranged to have an interval of 3 mm or more, but is not limited thereto, and is arranged to have various intervals by appropriately changing the height or thickness of the spacer member. It can be.

Through this, when a plurality of filter units 100 according to the present invention are connected to each other through the fastening bar 240, even if each filter unit 100 is completely in close contact with each other, the filter media 110 disposed in parallel with each other They may be spaced apart at predetermined intervals through the spacer. Due to this, the filter module 200 can have raw water on both sides of each filter medium 110, so that raw water is supplied from the outside of both sides of the filter medium 110 by the suction force provided from the pressure reducing unit. ) to produce effluent.

On the other hand, at least one of the spacing adjusting members 130 and 130' may be provided with a receiving port 133 for discharging discharged water moved along the flow path 124 formed in each of the frames 120a and 120b to the outside. .

That is, among the plurality of spacing adjusting members 130 and 130' coupled to the corners of the support frame 120, the spacing adjusting member 130' in which the receiving port 133 is not formed connects a pair of frames adjacent to each other. While performing only a role to do so, the gap control member 130 formed with the intake 133 may also serve as a discharge port for discharging the discharged water produced through the intake 133 to the outside.

This intake port 133 may be connected to a common filtering member (230 in FIG. 3) to be described later.

Here, the intake port 133 may be provided only on one of the plurality of spacing adjusting members 130 and 130', but by being provided in each of the two spacing adjusting members 130, uniform suction pressure toward the filter medium 110 is provided. It is advantageous to provide

In addition, although the receiving hole 133 may be integrally formed with the body 131 of the gap adjusting member 130, a coupling hole is formed in the body and the receiving hole having a predetermined length is detachably attached to the coupling hole. may be combined. That is, the receiver may be provided in a hollow shape having a predetermined length and screwed or fitted into a coupling hole formed in the body. Accordingly, when it is necessary to change or replace the receiver during operation, it is possible to simply separate and replace only the receiver.

At this time, when the space adjusting member 130 formed with the intake hole 133 is combined with the two frames 120a and 120b adjacent to each other, the passages 124 formed in the two frames 120a and 120b, respectively. A collection space 134 communicating with may be formed, and the collection space 134 may be formed at a position communicating with the receiving port 133 .

For example, the collection space 134 includes two frames ( 120a and 120b), and the collection space 134 is formed by cutting an end of one of the two frames 120a and 120b inserted into the space adjusting member 130 to each other. It can be formed by not being molded.

Accordingly, the discharged water that has moved along the channel 124 formed in one of the two frames 120a and 120b and the discharged water that has moved along the channel 124 formed in the other frame 120b. meet each other in the collection space 134, and may be discharged to the outside through the receiving port 133 communicating with the collection space 134.

For this reason, during raw water filtration, the effluent produced while moving from the outside to the inside of the filter medium 110 by the suction force provided from the decompression unit flows into the respective flow paths 124 formed in the plurality of frames 120a and 120b. After moving to the collection space 134 along the passage 124, it can be discharged to the outside through the receiving hole 133.

On the other hand, the above-described filter unit 100 may be composed of one modularized filter module 200 by being arranged in parallel with each other and fixed to each other through the fastening bar 240.

For example, the filter module 200 may include a filter assembly 210, a fixing frame 220, and a common filtering member 230 as shown in FIG.

The filter assembly 210 may have a form in which a plurality of filter units 100 described above are provided and arranged in parallel with each other through one fastening bar 240 having a predetermined length.

At this time, the filter assembly 210 has a predetermined distance between the filter media 110 facing each other as the filter media 110 adjacent to each other are spaced apart from each other through the spacing member provided in each filter unit 100. Space can be secured. In addition, when fixing members 242 such as nuts are fastened to both sides of the fastening bar 240, the interval formed between each filter unit 100 can be maintained uniformly.

The fixing frame 220 may be coupled to both ends of the fastening bar 240 and integrated with the filter assembly 210 . Such a fixing frame 220 may be formed of a plate-shaped member, but may be provided as a frame structure so that raw water may flow into the filter assembly 210 side.

For example, the fixing frame 220 may include a front frame 221 and a rear frame 222 disposed on the front and rear surfaces of the filter assembly 210, respectively, at both ends of the fastening bar 240. It may be coupled to the front frame 221 and the rear frame 222, respectively. Accordingly, the filter assembly 210 and the fixing frame 220 may be integrated through the fastening bar 240.

Here, the front frame 221 and the rear frame 222 side are provided with a fastening hole (not shown) into which the end side of the fastening bar 240 is inserted, and may be inserted in a fitting manner, and the front frame 221 And a through hole (not shown) penetrating the rear frame 222 may be provided so that both ends of the fastening bar 240 may be fixed through a separate fixing member in a state in which it passes.

At this time, a separate handle 223 may be provided on one side of the fixing frame 220 so that a user or operator can easily attach the modularized flat filter module 200 .

In addition, each member constituting the front frame 221 and the rear frame 222 may be a plate-shaped bar having a predetermined width and length, or may be an 'I' beam or an 'L' shaped beam, or may be in the form of a square tube. may be provided.

As described above, in the flat membrane filter module 200 according to the present invention, a plurality of filter units 100 may be arranged in parallel with each other, and the filter media 110 provided in each filter unit 100 may pass through a spacer member. They may be arranged in a spaced apart state at predetermined intervals. Accordingly, the suction force provided from the outside, for example, the suction force provided from the decompression unit, is transferred to the plurality of filter units 100 side through each receiving port 133, so that the plurality of filter units 100 can be separated individually in one process. can produce effluent.

Due to this, it is possible to simultaneously produce a large amount of effluent through the plurality of filter units 100, and it is possible to increase the production efficiency of effluent.

The common filtration member 230 transfers suction power to each filter unit 100 so that effluent water can be simultaneously produced in each filter unit 100 through a single suction process, and the effluent produced by each filter is merged into one. is to integrate.

That is, the common filtering member 230 is connected to the intake port 133 provided in each filter unit 100, so that the suction force is transmitted to each filter unit side at the same time, and through the transmitted suction force, each filter unit ( 100), the effluent is produced individually, and the effluent produced in each filter unit 100 flows into the common filtering member 230 side via the collection space 134 and the intake 133 by suction force and is integrated. It can be.

Such a common filtering member 230 may be provided as one, but when each filter unit is provided with a plurality of receivers 133, it is provided to correspond to the number of receivers 133, and each receiver 133 ) can be connected one-to-one.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when each filter unit 100 has two intake ports 133 provided on an upper side and a lower side, the common filtering member 230 may also be provided with two, One of the two common filtering members 230 may be connected to the receiving port 133 located on the upper side, and the other common filtering member 230 may be connected to the receiving port 133 located on the lower side.

Such a common filtering member 230 has a main body 231 having a storage space 234 in which discharged water introduced from the receiver 133 is temporarily gathered, and discharged water discharged from the receiver 133 is stored in the storage space. The inlet 232 leading to the inlet 234 and the effluent water flowing into the storage space 234 are discharged to the outside (for example, the effluent storage tank 350), or the suction power provided from the outside is directed to the intake port 133. It may include an outlet 233 provided.

At this time, the inlets 232 may be provided in multiple pieces so as to be connected to the intake ports 133 provided in each filter unit 100, and the inlets 232 and the intake ports 133 are one-to-one. Can be connected to match.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of inlets 232 may be connected one-to-one with the receiver 133 via a tube, and as shown in FIG. 5, the receiver 133 is common. It may be directly connected to the inlet 232' formed in the filtering member 230'.

Here, when the intake 133 is directly connected to the inlet 232' of the common filtering member 230', the inlet 232' temporarily collects effluent from the intake 133. Since a hole is formed on one surface of the main body 231' having the storage space 234, the intake port 133 protruding with a predetermined length can be directly inserted into the inlet port 232'. At this time, a sealing member (not shown) may be provided on a contact surface between the inlet 232' and the receiver 133 to prevent discharged water from leaking to the outside.

On the other hand, when the inlet 232 and the receiver 133 are connected via a tube, the common filtering member 230 is spaced apart from the receiver 133 at a predetermined distance from the fixing frame 220. It can be placed in the middle of the height of.

This is because if the distance between the receiving port 133 and the inlet port 232 is too narrow, the tube may be bent in the process of connecting the tubes, which may hinder the smooth flow of discharged water.

As described above, in the filter module 200 employed in the sewage treatment system according to the present invention, the common filtration member 230 is connected to the intake port 133 provided in each filter unit 100 through a single suction process. Effluent water can be produced simultaneously in each filter unit. In addition, since the plurality of filter units 100 spaced apart at appropriate intervals through the spacing adjusting members 130 and 130' are integrated and modularized, not only the installation work is simple, but also the replacement of the module unit is possible, so maintenance is easy. .

Meanwhile, although one filter module 200 may be provided in the filtration unit 300, which is a flat membrane filter device, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of filter modules 200 may be provided and supported through the main frame. The main frame is for supporting the filter module 200 and may be composed of a hollow frame structure having a main flow path 315 therein.

Such a main frame includes an upper main frame 311 disposed on the upper side of the filter module 200 and a lower main frame disposed on the lower side of the filter module 200 to firmly support the filter module 200. It includes a frame 312, and the upper main frame 311 and the lower main frame 312 may be connected to each other via a plurality of support bars 313.

Through this, the main frame may form a space for inserting and arranging at least one filter module 200 .

At this time, at least one side of the upper main frame 311 and the lower main frame 312 supports the corner side of the filter module 200 when the filter module 200 is inserted, so that the filter module 200 slides. A guide rail 314 for guiding may be provided.

For example, the guide rail 314 may be provided in a substantially 'L'-shaped angle-type bar shape and disposed in the same direction as the insertion direction of the filter module 200 . Accordingly, when the filter module 200 is inserted, the corner side of the filter module 200 is supported so that the sliding movement can be smoothly performed.

Preferably, the guide rails 314 may be formed on the upper main frame 311 and the lower main frame 312 so that the upper and lower edges of the filter module 200 can be simultaneously supported.

Meanwhile, a main flow path 315 into which discharged water introduced from the filter module 200 is integrated may be formed inside at least one of the upper main frame 311 and the lower main frame 312 .

For example, the main passage 315 may be formed inside any one of a plurality of members constituting the lower main frame 312 . In addition, a plurality of fittings 316a and 316b communicating with the main flow path 315 may be provided in the lower main frame 312 .

Here, the plurality of fittings 316a and 316b serve as inlets and outlets for the inflow and outflow of effluent, and some 316a of the plurality of fittings 316a and 316b are part of the common filtering member 230 ) Can be interconnected via the outlet 233 and the connection pipe 371. At this time, the connection pipe 371 may be a rigid pipe member or a known tube made of a flexible rubber material.

In addition, the remainder 316b of the plurality of fittings 316a and 316b is connected to the effluent storage tank or the sewer, so that the effluent produced from each filter unit can be transferred to the effluent storage tank or discharged through the sewer.

Here, when the filter module 200 is provided as one, the main frame 310 may be omitted, and in this case, the outlet 233 of the common filtering member 230 may be directly connected to the effluent storage tank or the sewage system. there is.

Meanwhile, the filter device 300 may further include a decompression unit, and the decompression unit may provide a suction force so that the filter unit 100 provided in each filter module 200 may produce effluent. In this case, one side of the pressure reducing unit may be connected to the filter module 200 and the other side may be connected to at least one 316b of the fittings 316a and 316b of the main frame 310 .

That is, the suction force provided through the decompression unit passes through the main flow path 215, the common filtering member 230, and the receiving port 133, and through the flow path 124 formed in the plurality of frames 120a and 120b constituting the support frame. It may be transferred to the side of the filter medium 110. Accordingly, the raw water present around the filter unit 100 moves toward the filter medium 110 by the suction force and is filtered through the filtration layer 112, and passes through the filtration layer 112 to the first support 111. The discharged water moved to ) flows into the passage 124 side of the support frame through the suction force, moves to the collection space 134 side, and then moves to the common filtering member 230 through the intake port 133 and is collected. Through the main flow path 315, the effluent can be collected toward the storage tank or discharged into the sewer. Accordingly, in the filter device according to the present invention, a large amount of effluent can be produced by simultaneously operating a plurality of filter units 100 by the suction force provided through the pressure reducing unit.

Although the present invention will be described in more detail through the following examples, the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which should be interpreted to aid understanding of the present invention.

<Example 1>

A filter device for removing fibrous microplastics as shown in FIG. 1 was implemented. Specifically, in the filter medium in the filter unit employed in the filter device, the second support is placed on both sides of the first support, and three types of nanofiber webs are disposed on the upper surface of each of the second supports, and each of them is heat-sealed and attached. What was used was used, and what was specifically prepared by the following method was used.

Specifically, in order to manufacture a nanofiber web, which is a filtration layer, 12 g of polyvinylidene fluoride (Arkema, Kynar761) as a fiber forming component is mixed with dimethylacetamide and acetone in a weight ratio of 70:30 to 88 g of a mixed solvent at 80 ° C. A spinning solution was prepared by dissolving using a magnetic bar for 6 hours at a temperature. The spinning solution was put into the solution tank of the electrospinning device and discharged at a rate of 15 μl/min/hole. At this time, the temperature of the spinning section is maintained at 30 ° C and the humidity is 50%, the distance between the collector and the spinning nozzle tip is 20 cm, and polyethylene having a melting point of about 120 ° C is used as a sheath part as a second support on the top of the collector, and polypropylene After disposing a nonwoven fabric (Namyang Nonwoven Fabric Co., Ltd., CCP40) having a thickness of about 200 μm and a basis weight of 40 g / m 2 formed of low-melting second composite fibers having an average diameter of 20 μm as a core part, and then using a high voltage generator, a spinning nozzle pack ( Spin Nozzle Pack) is applied with a voltage of 40 kV and at the same time an air pressure of 0.03 MPa per nozzle of the spinning pack is applied to the first surface formed of PVDF nanofibers having an average hole diameter of 2 μm and an average thickness of 10 μm on one side of the second support. A nanofibrous web was formed. Thereafter, by changing the discharge amount, a second nanofibrous web formed of PVDF nanofibers having an average pore diameter of 0.5 μm and an average thickness of 10 μm and PVDF nanofibers having an average pore diameter of 0.3 μm and an average thickness of 10 μm were formed on the first nanofibrous web. A third nanofibrous web formed of fibers was sequentially formed to realize a filtration layer in which the first nanofibrous web, the second nanofibrous web, and the third nanofibrous web were laminated from the second support.

Next, a calendering process is performed by applying heat and pressure at a temperature of 140 ° C. or higher and 1 kgf / cm 2 to dry the solvent and moisture remaining in the nanofiber webs of the implemented filtration layer, and heat-seal the second support and the nanofiber web. conducted. In the laminate between the prepared filtration layer and the second support, the second support and the first nanofiber web were thermally fused and bound, and the nanofiber webs were implemented as a three-dimensional network structure.

Thereafter, in the prepared laminate, the laminate was placed so that the second support faced both sides of the first support. At this time, the first support has a thickness of 5 mm, a polyethylene having a melting point of about 120 ° C. as a sheath part, and a polypropylene as a core part, and a low melting point first composite fiber having a diameter of about 30 μm. (Namyang non-woven fabric, NP450) was used. Thereafter, a filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics was prepared by applying heat of 140° C. and pressure of 1 kgf/cm 2 .

<Comparative Examples 1 to 2>

A filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics and a filter device having the same were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, but implemented by changing the filter layer as shown in Table 1 below.

<Experimental Example 1>

After the filter device according to Examples and Comparative Examples was placed in a water tank, raw water 1 containing fibrous microplastics having a length of 1 to 3 mm, a fiber diameter of 20 to 50 μm, and an aspect ratio of 100 to 150 was introduced into the water tank. Thereafter, the filter device was operated for 2 hours under the condition of 20 LMH, and the degree of filtration of the fibrous microplastics in the filtered water collected after 2 hours was calculated in comparison to the fibrous microplastics in the raw water, and the filtration efficiency is shown in Table 1 below.

At this time, for the content of fibrous microplastics in raw water 1 and filtered water, the filtration efficiency was calculated by analyzing the particle size of fibrous microplastics based on the volume average diameter contained in the filtered water using a particle size analyzer.

In addition, the initial filtration pressure after operation for 10 days and the filtration pressure after 10 days of cumulative operation were measured, and the difference between them was calculated and the differential pressure change amount is shown in Table 1 below.

enemy 1 Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 filter layer 1st nanofiber web
Average pore diameter (㎛) - 2 1.1 doesn't exist Second nanofiber web
Average pore size (㎛) - 0.5 0.5 0.8 The 3rd nanofiber web
Average pore size (㎛) - 0.3 doesn't exist 0.3 Number of fibrous microplastics by volume average diameter (㎛) 5≤x<15 2 0 One One 15≤x<25 182 17 32 17 25≤x<50 275 25 81 65 50≤x<100 262 12 59 42 100≤x<150 146 3 6 4 Total (N)/500ml 867 57 179 129 Filtration efficiency (%) - 93.4 79.6 85.1 Differential pressure change after 10 days of operation (kPa) - 4.2 8.9 15.5

As can be seen from Table 1,

When equipped with two types of nanofiber webs with different average pore diameters, such as Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it is possible to achieve a filtration efficiency of 80% or more, but the filtration efficiency is lower than that of Example 1, especially after 10 days of operation. In the case of Comparative Example 2 in the differential pressure change, it is expected that the replacement cycle of the filter medium according to Comparative Example will be shorter than that of Example 1, considering that the differential pressure change occurred significantly.

<Experimental Example 2>

For the filter media according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, spherical polystyrene latex beads having a nominal diameter of 50.2 μm were dispersed in water to prepare raw water 2, and the filtration efficiency was evaluated under the same conditions and methods as in Experimental Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

Example 1 Comparative Example 2 filter layer Average pore diameter of the first nanofiber web (㎛) 2 doesn't exist Second nanofiber web average pore diameter (㎛) 0.5 0.8 Average pore diameter of the third nanofiber web (㎛) 0.3 0.3 Filtration efficiency for raw water 2 (%) 96.8 92.5 Differential pressure change after 10 days of operation for raw water 2 (kPa) 2.9 4.0

As can be seen in Table 1, the filter medium according to Comparative Example 2 had poor filtration efficiency when the volume average diameter of the fibrous microplastics was 25 to 100 μm in the raw water containing the fibrous microplastics. It can be seen that the filtration efficiency for the microplastics having a nominal diameter of 50.2 μm is excellent when the shape of the microplastics included in the microplastics is spherical. Through these results, it can be seen that even in the case of the same filter medium, the filtration efficiency and differential pressure change can vary significantly depending on the shape of the microplastic.

However, in the case of the filter medium according to Example 1, even when the shape of the microplastic contained in the raw water is fibrous, it can be confirmed that the filtration efficiency is high and the differential pressure change is small, so it is very suitable for filtration of the fibrous microplastic.

<Examples 2 to 4>

It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but as shown in Table 3 below, a filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics implemented by changing the average pore diameter of the nanofiber web of the filtration layer and a filter device having the same were manufactured.

<Experimental Example 3>

For Examples 1 to 4, the results of measuring the filtration efficiency and the differential pressure change after 10 days under the evaluation conditions for raw water 1 used in Experimental Example 1 are shown in Table 3 below.

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 filter layer Average pore diameter of the first nanofiber web (㎛) 2.0 1.1 2.0 2.0 Second nanofiber web average pore diameter (㎛) 0.5 0.5 0.3 1.0 Average pore diameter of the third nanofiber web (㎛) 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.8 enemy 1 Filtration efficiency (%) 93.4 94.7 95.1 88.9 Differential pressure change after 10 days of operation (kPa) 4.2 7.7 13.0 3.0

As can be seen from Table 3,

It can be seen that in the case of Examples 2 to 4 designed outside the preferred average pore size range of the present invention, it is difficult to simultaneously satisfy the filtration efficiency and differential pressure change characteristics after 10 days for raw water containing fibrous microplastics.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the spirit of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments presented herein, and those skilled in the art who understand the spirit of the present invention may add elements within the scope of the same spirit. However, other embodiments can be easily proposed by means of changes, deletions, additions, etc., but these will also fall within the scope of the present invention.

100: filter unit 110: filter medium
200,200': filter module 300: filter device

Claims (7)

support; and
Disposed on both sides of the support, a first nanofibrous web having an average pore diameter of 1.5 to 3 μm, a second nanofibrous web having an average pore diameter of 0.5 to 0.8 μm, and a third nanofiber web having an average pore diameter of less than 0.3 to 0.5 μm. A filtration layer comprising;
The first nanofibrous web, the second nanofibrous web, and the third nanofibrous web are arranged so that the average pore diameter is larger from the side closer to the surface where the raw water flows to the supporter. According to claim 1,
A filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics in dyeing wastewater for filtering fibrous microplastics with a length of less than 5 mm and an aspect ratio (L/D) of greater than 50. delete According to claim 1,
The filtration layer includes a first nanofibrous web, a second nanofibrous web, and a third nanofibrous web,
The nanofiber web is a filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics in dyeing wastewater having an average thickness of 5 to 20 μm, respectively. According to claim 1,
The nanofiber web is formed of nanofibers containing a fluorine-based compound,
The fluorine-based compound is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA)-based, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP)-based, tetrafluoroethylene-based Ethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (EPE), tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ETFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), chlorotrifluoroethylene - A filter medium for filtration of fibrous microplastics in dyeing wastewater containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene copolymer (ECTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). A filter medium for filtering fibrous microplastics according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 and 5; and
A fiber in dyeing wastewater having a flow path coupled to an edge side of the filter medium to support the filter medium, and a support frame formed with a passage through which the effluent filtered through the filter medium flows in and a receiving hole for discharging the effluent. A filter unit for filtration of type microplastics. A filter assembly in which a plurality of filter units according to claim 6 are integrated via a fastening bar; and
At least one common filtration member connected to the receiving port provided in each of the plurality of filter units to be matched one-to-one and integrating the effluent discharged from each filter unit; A filter device for filtration of fiber-type microplastics in dyeing wastewater comprising.

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