KR102564058B1 - Desalination apparatus using transpiration electricity generation and desalination method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention is the incremental power generation module unit for generating power by incremental power generation; and a desalination module unit configured to perform electrodialysis desalination using the generated power. Since the desalination device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a transpirational power generation module that utilizes humidity in the air, it is possible to produce eco-friendly and sustainable power that is free from site limitations, and thus can produce fresh water even in a poor environment where no power is supplied.

Description

Desalination apparatus using transpiration electricity generation and desalination method using the same}

The present invention relates to a desalination device, and more particularly, to a desalination device using transpirational power generation and a desalination method using the same.

About 70% of the Earth's surface is covered by 1.39 billion tonnes of water. About 97% of this is seawater, and the remaining 3% is drinking water (freshwater). Land water is mostly icebergs and glaciers or groundwater. In other words, water resources usable by humans are limited to less than 3% of the water distributed throughout the earth.

Therefore, if a technology that desalinates seawater and uses it for human life, that is, seawater desalination technology is put to practical use, it will be possible to use it as an alternative to the problem of insufficient water use. Desalination refers to obtaining fresh water by removing salt from seawater containing salt so that it can be used for drinking or other purposes. In this process, Cl ^- and Na ⁺ as well as a number of inorganic salts are removed.

Seawater desalination technologies include the reverse osmosis method, which produces fresh water by passing seawater through a semi-permeable membrane by using osmosis reversely, and heats the seawater using a heat source and condenses the generated steam. An example is the evaporation method of obtaining fresh water.

In addition, by applying only about 1.4 volts of DC power to the activated carbon electrode, the salt in seawater or salty water is moved to the carbon surface to be adsorbed and removed. CDI (Capacitive Deionization), Electrodialysis Stack Electrodialysis Process (ED: Electrodialysis Process) method that separates ionic substances using an ion exchange membrane using the electric field formed by DC power supplied from both ends as a driving force. A freezing method focusing on the principle that salt is excluded from ice crystals, and a membrane distillation (MD) method in which fresh water is obtained by vapor moving and condensing due to a difference in vapor pressure in a hydrophobic membrane can be used.

On the other hand, energy harvesting technology for supplying electricity in an eco-friendly way is receiving a lot of attention. Energy harvesting is an eco-friendly and abundant material such as water, air, and sun that exists in nature or energy obtained naturally as electric energy. It is a new and renewable energy technology that can be used by converting it into By using this technology, it is possible to obtain energy supply and demand and obtain sustainable energy by replacing the disposable fossil fuel that was previously used. In addition, unlike power plants that pay large-scale costs for energy sources such as fossil fuels, energy harvesting technology has an advantage in that it consumes little cost because it uses energy wasted in the surrounding environment.

However, energy harvesting technology has problems in that it does not provide sufficient power production or power generation output for actual commercialization, because complex energy production equipment and configuration are required, or the voltage and current that can be generated are considerably low.

Therefore, there is a need for an energy harvesting technology capable of sufficiently supplying electricity required for seawater desalination and a technology capable of simultaneously providing an eco-friendly desalination process.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-058903

A technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a desalination device using transpirational power generation and a desalination method using the same.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned technical problem, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. There will be.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, one embodiment of the present invention provides a desalination device using transpirational power generation.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a desalination device using transpirational power generation includes a transpirational power generation module unit for generating power by transpirational power generation; and a desalination module unit performing electrodialysis desalination using the generated power.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the transpirational power generation module unit generates electrical energy by an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with a portion to which the polar solvent is not adsorbed due to a surface energy change that occurs when the polar solvent is adsorbed on a substrate, Electrical energy may be generated due to a current generated as protons contained in the polar solvent move together while the polar solvent is diffused on the substrate.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the transpirational power generation module unit includes a column-type transpiration generator including a hydrophilic nanofiber column coated with an adsorption material, wherein the nanofiber column includes a plurality of nanofiber strands. However, it is characterized in that the plurality of nanofiber strands are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction to form a fiber bundle, and the polar solvent is adsorbed to the adsorption material at one end of the column and the surface energy change caused by the Characterized in that electric energy is generated due to an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with the other end of the column to which the polar solvent is not adsorbed, and the polar solvent is transferred from one end to the other end of the column by the absorption power of the nanofiber strands of the column. It may be characterized in that electrical energy is generated due to a current induced as protons contained in the polar solvent are diffused and moved together.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption material is Super C, gaseous carbonized carbon fiber, Ketjen Black, Denka Black, acetylene black, carbon black, carbon nanotube, multi-walled carbon nanotube, and mesoporous carbon. It may be a conductive carbon material made of any one of.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophilic nanofibers, cellulose acetate (cellulose acetate), hydroxy ethyl cellulose (hydroxyl ethylcellulose), carboxymethyl cellulose (carboxymethyl cellulose), hydroxypropyl cellulose (hydroxypropyl cellulose) and carboxymethyl ethyl It may include any one or more selected from the group consisting of cellulose (carboxymethyl ethylcellulose).

In an embodiment of the present invention, the polar solvent may include at least one selected from the group consisting of water including fresh water and seawater, acetic acid, ethanol, acetone, acetonitrile, methanol, isopropanol, and aqueous ammonia. .

In an embodiment of the present invention, a moisture absorbent is applied to one end of the column on which the polar solvent is adsorbed, and the moisture absorbent absorbs moisture in the air and the moisture serves as a polar solvent, resulting in continuous power in the air. It can be characterized as capable of production.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the desalination module unit may include an anode and a cathode; and one or more pairs of anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes alternately disposed between the anode and the cathode.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, another embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated desalination device using transpirational power generation.

In an embodiment of the present invention, an integrated desalination device using transpirational power generation includes a transpirational power generation module for generating electric power by transpirational power generation; and a desalination module including an anode, a cathode, and one or more pairs of anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes alternately disposed between the anode and the cathode, and the transpirational power generation module may be an anode or a cathode of the desalination module.

In an embodiment of the present invention, in the transpirational power generation module, electrical energy is generated by an electromotive force generated by an energy difference between a surface energy change generated when a polar solvent is adsorbed on a substrate and a portion to which the polar solvent is not adsorbed, Electrical energy may be generated due to a current generated as protons contained in the polar solvent move together while the polar solvent is diffused on the substrate.

In an embodiment of the present invention, since the transpirational power generation module replaces the anode or cathode of the desalination module and is integrally manufactured, loss of power generated by the transpirational power generation module can be prevented.

In an embodiment of the present invention, concentrated water in the enrichment unit may be used as the polar solvent used in the transpirational power generation module.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, another embodiment of the present invention provides a desalination method using transpirational power generation.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a desalination method using transpirational power generation may include: generating electric power in the transpirational power generation module unit; and producing fresh water by electrodialysis of the salt-containing solution in the desalination module unit using the generated electric power.

Since the desalination device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a transpirational power generation module that utilizes humidity in the air, it is possible to produce eco-friendly and sustainable power that is free from site limitations, and thus can produce fresh water even in a poor environment where no power is supplied.

In addition, since the desalination device manufactured integrally with the transpirational power generation module minimizes the number of wires, desalination can be efficiently produced without energy loss.

In addition, by including a column-type transpirational generator in the transpirational power generation module unit, it is possible to supply sufficient power for water electrolysis.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the above effects, and should be understood to include all effects that can be inferred from the detailed description of the present invention or the configuration of the invention described in the claims.

1 is a block diagram of a desalination device for transpiration and power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic schematic diagram of a cellulose column according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a schematic diagram of an integrated desalination device using transpirational power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a flowchart of a desalination method using transpirational power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a SEM image of an upper surface of a column-type transpirational generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a SEM image of a side surface of a column type transpiration generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a graph showing the measured current and voltage of a column-type transpirational generator using a manufacturing example of the present invention.
8 is a graph showing the measured current and voltage of the transpirational generator using Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.
9 is a graph showing the measured current and voltage of the transpirational generator using Comparative Example 2 of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and, therefore, is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected (connected, contacted, combined)" with another part, this is not only "directly connected", but also "indirectly connected" with another member in between. "Including cases where In addition, when a part "includes" a certain component, it means that it may further include other components without excluding other components unless otherwise stated.

Terms used in this specification are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as "include" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features It should be understood that the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

A desalination device using transpirational power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

1 is a block diagram of a desalination device for transpiration and power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a desalination device using transpirational power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transpirational power generation module unit 10 that generates power by transpirational power generation; and a desalination module unit 20 performing electrodialysis desalination using the generated power.

First, the incremental generation module unit 10 may generate power using incremental generation.

First, in the transpirational power generation module unit 10, electrical energy is generated by an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with a portion where the polar solvent is not adsorbed due to a change in surface energy that occurs when the polar solvent is adsorbed on the substrate, or As the polar solvent diffuses, electric energy may be generated due to a current induced as hydrogen ions (protons) contained in the polar solvent move together.

For example, the transpirational power generation module unit 10 includes a column-type transpiration generator including a hydrophilic nanofiber column coated with an adsorption material, the nanofiber column including a plurality of nanofiber strands, , Characterized in that the plurality of nanofiber strands are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction to form a fiber bundle, the polar solvent is adsorbed on the adsorption material at one end of the column and the polarity due to surface energy change Characterized in that electric energy is generated due to an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with the other end of the column to which the solvent is not adsorbed, and the polar solvent diffuses from one end of the column to the other end by the absorption force of the nanofiber strands of the column. It is characterized in that electric energy is generated due to a current induced as hydrogen ions (protons) contained in the polar solvent move together.

Figure 2 is a schematic schematic diagram of a cellulose column according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the hydrophilic nanofibers may be prepared in the form of a column by forming a fiber bundle by arranging nanofiber strands in parallel in a longitudinal direction.

The electric energy generation principle of the hydrophilic nanofiber column of the present invention uses the 'transpirational power generation principle'. If the transpirational power generation principle is described in more detail, the carbon material having the conductivity in the hydrophilic nanofibers as described above In the coated state, when the polar solvent is adsorbed on the carbon material only at one end of the column, ions are physically adsorbed on the surface of the carbon material to lower the surface energy. As a result, an electric double layer is formed, and a potential difference induced by a difference in capacitance is formed between a wet part where the polar solvent is adsorbed and a dry part where the polar solvent is not adsorbed. The potential difference formed by the difference in capacitance is maintained until the polar solvent completely evaporates. Here, since the hydrophilic nanofiber strands made of porous cellulose as described above are characterized by having a high absorption capacity for polar solvents, the polar solvent naturally diffuses and evaporates from one end of the hydrophilic nanofiber strands to the other end according to the capillary phenomenon. Along with this, the hydrogen ion (proton) contained in the polar solvent moves together, and in order to maintain charge neutrality, the electrons inside the carbon adsorption material also move in the same direction so that current can flow do.

By arranging the hydrophilic nanofiber strands in parallel in the longitudinal direction to form a bundle-type column, the solvent diffusion rate is improved by enabling easy movement of the solvent, and the hydrophilic nanofiber material absorbs moisture from the solvent It is composed of cellulose-based materials with fast over-evaporation and biodegradable properties to improve the amount of power that can be produced and to improve eco-friendly characteristics.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption material is Super C (Super C), gaseous carbonized carbon fiber, Ketjen Black, Denka Black, acetylene black, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and mesopores It may be a conductive carbon material made of any one of carbon, but any material capable of forming a capacitance gradient for transpirational power generation of the present invention described above may be used without limitation.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophilic nanofibers, cellulose acetate (cellulose acetate), hydroxy ethyl cellulose (hydroxyl ethylcellulose), carboxymethyl cellulose (carboxymethyl cellulose), hydroxypropyl cellulose (hydroxypropyl cellulose) and carboxymethyl It may include at least one selected from the group consisting of ethyl cellulose (carboxymethyl ethylcellulose), and most preferably, it may include cellulose acetate having characteristics that can be easily processed on the market to reduce manufacturing cost.

As described above, by using cellulose, which is a natural material with excellent moisture absorption and evaporation characteristics for polar solvents, as a column material, it is possible to produce high power while allowing natural decomposition.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the fiber bundle may have a cylindrical shape, but is not limited thereto, and any shape capable of improving the diffusion rate by facilitating the movement of the polar solvent may be used without limitation.

In addition, the column may be configured in various forms to control power generation by adjusting the diffusion rate of the polar solvent through morphological deformation such as connecting or bending several columns to have a complicated path. .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polar solvent may include at least one selected from the group consisting of water including fresh water and seawater, acetic acid, ethanol, acetone, acetonitrile, methanol, isopropanol, and aqueous ammonia. And, most preferably, it may be seawater that is present in an abundant amount so that efficient utilization of resources is possible, but is not limited thereto, and any solvent having the above-described characteristics enabling the transpirational power generation can be used without limitation.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a moisture absorbent may be applied to one end of the column to which the polar solvent is adsorbed.

The desiccant absorbs moisture in the air, and the moisture serves as a polar solvent, enabling continuous power generation even in the air.

That is, when a desiccant is applied only to one end of the column, the desiccant naturally absorbs moisture present in the air, and the absorbed moisture forms a concentration gradient as described above, thereby enabling continuous self-power generation with only moisture in the air. It works.

In the method for manufacturing a column-type transpiration generator including the nanofiber column according to an embodiment of the present invention, a bundle-type nanofiber column formed by arranging a plurality of hydrophilic nanofiber strands in parallel in the longitudinal direction ( preparing a column); Preparing an adsorption solution containing an adsorption material to be coated on the nanofiber column; a primary coating step of an adsorption material in which one end of the nanofiber column is immersed in the adsorption solution so that the adsorption solution rides up the nanofiber strands by a capillary phenomenon and primarily coats the nanofiber strands; a secondary coating step of the adsorption material of inverting the column and immersing the other end of the column in an adsorption solution to secondarily coat the nanofiber strands; and drying the nanofiber column coated with the adsorption material.

The nanofiber column prepared in the step of preparing the nanofiber column may be characterized in that it is manufactured through cold isostatic pressing (CIP).

The cold isostatic pressure processing method is one of the material processing methods mainly used for manufacturing cigarette filters, and is characterized in that isostatic pressure is applied to the object to be processed using hydraulic pressure, so that the isotropic pressure acts, so the density is uniform and the directionality is small It is characterized in that a molded article can be obtained.

Therefore, when using the nanofiber column prepared through the cold isostatic pressure processing method as in the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a column having a uniform fiber density, so that the adsorption material coating can be uniformly coated without agglomeration and polar solvent movement In addition, there is an effect of using a nanofiber column having an easy structure.

In the first coating step of the adsorbent material and the second coating step of the adsorbent material, one end of the nanofiber column prepared as described above is immersed in the adsorption solution, the column is turned over, and the other end of the column is immersed in the adsorption solution to obtain the nanofiber column. The adsorbent material may be coated in such a way as to secondarily coat the fiber strands.

The adsorption solution is a conductive carbon material made of any one of Super C, gaseous carbonized carbon fiber, Ketjen Black, Denka Black, acetylene black, carbon black, carbon nanotube, multi-walled carbon nanotube and mesoporous carbon, Distilled water and a surfactant may be included.

More specifically, the adsorption solution may be prepared by adding a surfactant to a solution in which the carbon particles are dispersed and subjecting the solution to sound waves to evenly disperse the carbon particles in the solution.

As described above, by coating the column with the adsorption material in the first and second stages, the adsorption solution rides up the nanofiber strands by capillary action, and both ends of the column can be uniformly coated while the fiber strands are uniformly coated.

Therefore, the incremental generation module unit 10 can generate electric power by including the column type incremental generator.

The column-type transpirational generator may be, for example, a Cellulose Nanofiber Column (CNC) generator.

The transpirational power generation module unit 10 may include one or more column-type transpirational generators.

The intensity of power may be adjusted by adjusting the number of column-type transpirational generators in the transpirational power generation module unit 10 .

Electric power generated by the transpirational power generation module unit 10 may be supplied to the desalination module unit 20 to perform electrodialysis desalination.

Next, the desalination module unit 20 may perform electrodialysis desalination using the power generated by the transpirational power generation module unit 10 .

The desalination module unit 20 includes an anode and a cathode; and one or more pairs of anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes alternately disposed between the anode and the cathode.

Due to the selective permeation of ions of the at least one pair of anion exchange membrane and cation exchange membrane, spaces therebetween are alternately formed into a fresh water section and a concentration section.

The principle of performing electrodialysis in the desalination module unit 20 will be described in more detail below. An anode and a cathode are installed on both sides, and a cation exchange membrane that selectively transmits only cations and an anion exchange membrane that selectively transmits only anions are installed alternately between them, and a gasket of a certain thickness is installed between the membranes so that the electrolyte is passed between the membranes. After allowing the solution to flow, if an appropriate amount of direct current is applied, the cations and anions in the solution move in opposite directions by electric force. At this time, ion separation occurs according to the type of ions by the selective membrane. Cations pass through the cation exchange membrane as they move toward the cathode, but do not pass through the anion exchange membrane and remain in the enrichment section (concentration chamber), while anions move toward the anode through the anion exchange membrane. It passes through, but does not pass through the cation exchange membrane and remains in the concentration section. Thus, cations and anions continue to accumulate in the enrichment unit, condensation occurs, and cations and anions continue to escape from the adjacent fresh water unit (dilution chamber), resulting in desalination.

The anion exchange membrane, the cation exchange membrane, the fresh water part and the enrichment part may be formed of one or more repeating units.

If the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane are repeatedly installed in the desalination module unit 20, the number of desalination units and enrichment units alternately increased accordingly, thereby helping to efficiently perform the desalination (desalination) process.

The desalination process is often necessary even in harsh environments where electricity is not supplied. Since the desalination device of the present invention utilizes humidity in the air, it is possible to generate eco-friendly and sustainable power beyond location limitations, maximizing the utilization of the desalination device. there is.

An integrated desalination device using transpirational power generation according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

3 is a schematic diagram of an integrated desalination device using transpirational power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3 , an integrated desalination device using transpirational power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a transpirational power generation module for generating electric power by transpirational power generation; and a desalination module including an anode, a cathode, and one or more pairs of anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes alternately disposed between the anode and the cathode, and the transpirational power generation module may be an anode or a cathode of the desalination module.

In the transpirational power generation module, electrical energy is generated by an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with a portion to which the polar solvent is not adsorbed due to a change in surface energy that occurs when the polar solvent is adsorbed on the substrate, or when the polar solvent is diffused on the substrate, the It is characterized in that electrical energy is generated due to a current induced as hydrogen ions (protons) contained in a polar solvent move together.

The transpirational power generation module may include a column-type transpirational power generator including a hydrophilic nanofiber column coated with an adsorption material.

The desalination module includes an anode, a cathode, and at least one pair of anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane alternately disposed between the anode and the cathode, and spaces between the at least one pair of anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane are alternately configured as a fresh water unit and a concentration unit. It can be.

The desalination module is desalinated by the principle of electrodialysis. When electricity is applied to the anode and the cathode of the desalination module, anions move to the anode and cations to the cathode due to electrical force. Since the anion exchange membrane selectively permeates only negative ions, the space between which cations and anions continuously accumulate becomes a condensation part, and the adjacent space where cations and anions continuously escape become a fresh water part, and fresh water can be produced in the fresh water part.

The transpirational power generation module may be the anode or cathode of the desalination module.

That is, the transpirational power generation module may be integrally manufactured by replacing either one of the anode or the cathode of the desalination module or both of the anode and the cathode.

Compared to non-integrated desalination devices, the desalination integrated device does not require a wire or the length of the wire can be installed to a minimum, so there is almost no energy loss, so power loss can be greatly reduced and desalination can be efficiently produced.

In addition, the integrated desalination device of the present invention can be easily used in various environments because the configuration can be simplified and compactly manufactured.

For example, when the desalination-integrated device is floated on seawater, the transpirational power generation module of the desalination-integrated device may absorb seawater or humidity in the air to generate transpirational power generation, and the power generated through the transpirational power generation may be generated directly from the desalination module. Since desalination can be performed, fresh water can be produced without electricity supplied separately from the outside.

Concentrated water in the concentration unit may be used as a polar solvent used in the transpirational power generation module of the desalination integrated device.

When concentrated water is used as the polar solvent, since the polarity is very high, the energy difference between the column and the other end of the column is large, so more electrical energy can be produced.

A desalination method using the transpirational power generation according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

4 is a flowchart of a desalination method using transpirational power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the desalination method using the transpirational power generation according to another embodiment of the present invention includes generating power in the transpirational power generation module unit 10 (S100); and producing fresh water by electrodialysis of the salt-containing solution in the desalination module unit 20 using the generated power (S200).

In the first step, power is produced in the incremental power generation module unit 10 (S100).

In the transpirational power generation module unit 10, electric energy is generated by an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with a part where the polar solvent is not adsorbed due to a change in surface energy generated when the polar solvent is adsorbed on the substrate, or the polar solvent is attached to the substrate. Electric energy may be generated due to a current caused by the diffusion of hydrogen ions (protons) contained in the polar solvent.

For example, the transpirational power generation module unit 10 includes a column-type transpiration generator including a hydrophilic nanofiber column coated with an adsorption material, the nanofiber column including a plurality of nanofiber strands, , Characterized in that the plurality of nanofiber strands are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction to form a fiber bundle, the polar solvent is adsorbed on the adsorption material at one end of the column and the polarity due to surface energy change Characterized in that electric energy is generated due to an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with the other end of the column to which the solvent is not adsorbed, and the polar solvent diffuses from one end of the column to the other end by the absorption force of the nanofiber strands of the column. It is characterized in that electric energy is generated due to a current induced as hydrogen ions (protons) contained in the polar solvent move together.

In the second step, fresh water is produced by electrodialysis of the salt-containing solution in the desalination module unit 20 using the generated power (S200).

In the desalination module unit 20, fresh water can be produced using the principle of electrodialysis. Specifically, an anode and a cathode are installed on both sides, and a cation exchange membrane through which only positive ions selectively transmit and only negative ions are provided between them. This selectively permeable anion exchange membrane is alternately installed, and a gasket of a certain thickness is installed between the membranes so that the solution can flow between the membranes, and then an appropriate amount of direct current is applied to the cations and anions in the solution to move in opposite directions to each other. At this time, ion separation occurs according to the type of ions by the selective membrane. Cations pass through the cation exchange membrane as they move toward the cathode, but do not pass through the anion exchange membrane and remain in the enrichment section (concentration chamber), while anions move toward the anode through the anion exchange membrane. It passes through, but does not pass through the cation exchange membrane and remains in the concentration section. Thus, in the enrichment unit, cations and anions are continuously accumulated, condensation occurs, and cations and anions continue to escape from the adjacent desalination unit (dilution chamber), so fresh water can be produced on the principle that desalination occurs.

The salt-containing solution may be a solution containing cations or anions, such as seawater or wastewater.

Therefore, the desalination device of the present invention can be used without limitation in fields requiring a desalination process, such as waste battery recycling for lithium separation and wastewater treatment, as well as desalination of seawater to produce drinking water.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through Examples, Comparative Examples and Experimental Examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following Examples and Experimental Examples.

manufacturing example

First, a cellulose filter having a length of 30 mm and a diameter of 7.7 mm was prepared, and both edges were immersed in Ketjen black carbon solution by 1/10 of the length for 10 seconds to coat the adsorption material, and CaCl on one side A column-type transpiration generator was prepared by spraying 0.1 ml of ₂ (3.3 mol/L).

Comparative Example 1

Comparative Example 1 was prepared by preparing a two-dimensional cotton fabric and coating the adsorption material in the same manner as in Preparation Example.

Comparative Example 2

In Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that a cellulose sponge was used instead of the two-dimensional cotton fabric.

Experimental example

5 is a SEM image of an upper surface of a column-type transpirational generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a SEM image of a side surface of a column type transpiration generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 5 to 6, it is possible to confirm the schematic shape of the cellulose column, and also to confirm that the cellulose column is manufactured.

In addition, an experiment of measuring current and voltage was conducted using the transpirational generator manufactured in the above Preparation Example and Comparative Example.

7 is a graph showing the measured current and voltage of a column-type transpirational generator using a manufacturing example of the present invention.

8 is a graph showing the measured current and voltage of the transpirational generator using Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

9 is a graph showing measured current and voltage of a transpirational generator using Comparative Example 2 of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 7 to 9, it can be seen that the column-type transpiration generator according to an embodiment of the present invention has a voltage of 0.3 V and a current of 300 μA, which is about 10 times more electricity than the comparative example and the prior art. It can be confirmed that it has the characteristics that can produce.

Since the desalination device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a transpirational power generation module that utilizes humidity in the air, it is possible to produce eco-friendly and sustainable power that is free from site limitations, and thus can produce fresh water even in a poor environment where no power is supplied.

In addition, since the desalination device manufactured integrally with the transpirational power generation module minimizes the number of wires, desalination can be efficiently produced without energy loss.

In addition, by including a column-type transpirational generator in the transpirational power generation module unit, it is possible to supply sufficient power for water electrolysis.

The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes, and those skilled in the art can understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not limiting. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

10: Increased production module unit
20: desalination module unit

Claims (13)

An incremental power generation module unit for generating electric power by incremental power generation; and
Characterized in that it comprises a; desalination module unit for performing electrodialysis desalination using the generated power,
The transpirational power generation module unit generates electrical energy by an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with a portion to which the polar solvent is not adsorbed due to a change in surface energy that occurs when the polar solvent is adsorbed to the substrate, or the polar solvent diffuses to the substrate. Characterized in that electric energy is generated due to a current caused by the movement of hydrogen ions (protons) contained in a polar solvent,
The transpirational power generation module unit includes a column-type transpiration generator including a hydrophilic nanofiber column coated with an adsorption material, wherein the nanofiber column includes a plurality of nanofiber strands composed of a cellulose-based material, Characterized in that the plurality of nanofiber strands are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction to form a fiber bundle, characterized in that the adsorption material is coated on the nanofiber strand, and the adsorption material at one end of the column Characterized in that electrical energy is generated due to an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with the other end of the column to which the polar solvent is not adsorbed due to a change in surface energy caused by adsorption of the polar solvent on the column, and nanofiber strands of the column Characterized in that the polar solvent is diffused from one end of the column to the other end by the absorption force of the column, and electrical energy is generated due to a current caused by the protons contained in the polar solvent moving together,
Characterized in that a desiccant is applied to one end of the column on which the polar solvent is adsorbed, and the desiccant absorbs moisture in the air and the moisture serves as a polar solvent, thereby enabling continuous power generation even in the air. Transpiration, characterized in that Desalination device using power generation. delete delete According to claim 1,
The adsorption material is a conductive carbon material made of any one of Super C, gaseous carbonized carbon fiber, Ketjen Black, Denka Black, acetylene black, carbon black, carbon nanotube, multi-walled carbon nanotube, and mesoporous carbon. A desalination device using transpirational power generation, characterized in that. According to claim 1,
The hydrophilic nanofibers are a group consisting of cellulose acetate, hydroxyl ethylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl ethylcellulose. A desalination device using transpiration power generation, characterized in that it comprises at least one selected from. According to claim 1,
The polar solvent is a desalination device using transpirational power generation, characterized in that it comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of water including fresh water and seawater, acetic acid, ethanol, acetone, acetonitrile, methanol, isopropanol and ammonia water . delete According to claim 1,
The desalination module unit,
anode and cathode; and
A desalination device using transpirational power generation, comprising: at least one pair of anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes alternately disposed between the anode and the cathode. A transpirational power generation module that produces power by transpirational power generation; and
A desalination module including an anode, a cathode, and at least one pair of anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes alternately disposed between the anode and the cathode;
The transpiration power generation module is a desalination integrated device using transpiration power generation, characterized in that the positive or negative electrode of the desalination module. According to claim 9,
In the transpirational power generation module, electrical energy is generated by an electromotive force generated by an energy difference with a portion to which the polar solvent is not adsorbed due to a change in surface energy that occurs when the polar solvent is adsorbed on the substrate, or when the polar solvent is diffused on the substrate, the An integrated device for desalination using transpirational power generation, characterized in that electric energy is generated due to a current caused by the movement of hydrogen ions (protons) contained in a polar solvent. According to claim 9,
Desalination integrated device using transpiration power generation, characterized in that the transpiration power generation module is manufactured integrally by replacing the anode or cathode of the desalination module to prevent loss of power produced by the transpiration power generation module. delete In the desalination method using the desalination device using the transpirational power generation of claim 1,
generating power in the incremental power generation module unit; and
Electrodialysis of a salt-containing solution in the desalination module unit using the generated power to produce fresh water; desalination method using transpiration power generation, characterized in that it comprises.