CN111600511B - Preparation method of one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material-based photovoltaic and wet gas power generation device - Google Patents
Preparation method of one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material-based photovoltaic and wet gas power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111600511B CN111600511B CN202010049861.4A CN202010049861A CN111600511B CN 111600511 B CN111600511 B CN 111600511B CN 202010049861 A CN202010049861 A CN 202010049861A CN 111600511 B CN111600511 B CN 111600511B
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- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002749 Bacterial cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005016 bacterial cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N3/00—Generators in which thermal or kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy by ionisation of a fluid and removal of the charge therefrom
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a photovoltaic and moisture power generation device based on a one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material. Firstly, dispersing one-dimensional carboxylated carbon materials with different sizes in a solvent to obtain slurry; and then, respectively coating one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material slurries with different sizes on the substrate from bottom to top, gradually increasing the sizes of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon materials from bottom to top, and drying to obtain the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material-based photovoltaic and moisture power generation device. The device prepared by the method can automatically generate electric energy by means of capillary action of the carboxylated carbon material coating and water evaporation, can absorb moisture to generate electricity, does not need additional energy input, has a high spontaneous power generation mode, is less limited by environment, has high energy output, can be maintained for a long time, and is suitable for various application scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water evaporation electricity generation and moisture electricity generation device preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material-based photovoltaic and moisture electricity generation device.
Background
The water is closely related to energy, maintains the energy circulation of the earth system, and the temperature balance of organisms, and is a natural energy absorber, an energy accumulator, a transducer and an energy transducer. Approximately 70% of the solar radiation reaching the surface energy is absorbed by water, which dynamically absorbs and releases energy on earth with an average annual power up to 60 trillion kw, 3 orders of magnitude higher than the average annual energy consumption power of a whole human. The traditional water energy utilization mode is greatly limited by natural conditions, is easily influenced by external factors such as terrain, climate and the like, and is easy to cause ecological damage and cost increase in the construction and use of large facility equipment.
A new research direction in the field of energy is emerging or will be initiated by moisture power generation and photovoltaic power generation materials. The nano material has obvious quantum effect and surface effect, can be coupled with various forms of water to output obvious electric signals, for example, graphene can directly convert the energy of dragging and dropping water drops into electric energy through boundary motion of an electric double layer, and can also convert sea water fluctuation energy into electric energy. The nanostructure materials such as carbon black can continuously generate electric energy of volt level through natural evaporation of ubiquitous water in the atmosphere. This type of phenomenon of direct conversion of water energy into electrical energy is known as the "hydro-voltaic effect". The water-voltage effect opens up a brand new direction for capturing the water energy of the earth water circulation by the full chain, and improves the water energy utilization capacity. Guo Molin, qu Liang, zhang Chuhua, tang Qunwei, zhou Jianxin, zhou Jun et al have made an initial study in the fields of wet gas power generation and water-borne science and technology. Research on the photovoltaic effect and the wet gas power generation has just started, and development of novel materials and devices with diversified application environments, high energy conversion efficiency and low power generation cost are required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a photovoltaic and moisture power generation device based on a one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material. The surface and the inside of the one-dimensional carbon material fiber are provided with nano-scale or micro-scale micropores, the one-dimensional carbon material fiber has a capillary action on water and oil, and liquid can automatically advance along gaps among the fibers. The carboxylated carbon material fiber membrane has high mechanical strength, good hydrophilicity and organic solvent resistance, cations can be ionized on the surface of the carboxylated carbon material fiber membrane in deionized water or neutral aqueous solution, so that the surface is negatively charged, and when water flows through pore channels, ions can be enriched in the water flow direction to form ion concentration difference, thereby generating flowing voltage and flowing current. In addition, carboxylated carbon materials with different sizes are selected and coated on different areas of the photovoltaic device from bottom to top respectively, and due to the difference of specific surface areas, ion difference concentration is formed, and the other power of ion diffusion can be provided in the process of the photovoltaic power generation, so that the output voltage is further improved. In the environment with larger humidity, the device can absorb the moisture in the environment, the moisture induces the separation of positive and negative ion pairs on the surface of the carboxylated carbon material fiber, and the ion difference concentration is formed due to the difference of specific surface areas, so that the electric energy is generated in an external circuit, and the electricity generation mode is environment-friendly and stable and can be used for a humidity sensor or moisture electricity generation.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the photovoltaic and moisture power generation device based on the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material comprises the following steps:
(1) Dispersing one-dimensional carboxylated carbon materials with different sizes in a solvent to obtain one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material slurry;
(2) And (3) coating one surfaces of the substrate, which are provided with the upper electrode and the lower electrode, with one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material slurries with different sizes from bottom to top, wherein the bottom is provided with one-dimensional carboxylated carbon materials with small sizes, the sizes of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon materials from bottom to top are gradually increased, after one area is completely dried, coating the next area in sequence, and drying to obtain the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material-based photovoltaic and wet gas power generation device.
The one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material in the step (1) comprises carboxylated carbon nanotubes, carboxylated carbon fibers and carboxylated bacterial cellulose, the diameter of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material is 1-500nm, and the length of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material is 100nm-500 mu m.
The solvent in the step (1) is methanol, ethanol or deionized water, and the mass ratio of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material to the solvent is 3:7-7:3.
The substrate in the step (2) is a flexible substrate, and the flexible substrate is a polyester resin film, a polyimide film, a polyvinyl chloride film, a polypropylene film, a polytetrafluoroethylene film or a teflon adhesive tape.
The electrode materials of the upper electrode and the lower electrode in the step (2) are inorganic conductive materials or metal conductive materials, and the electrode interval between the upper electrode and the lower electrode is 1-10cm.
The drying time in the step (2) is 1s-1800s, and the drying temperature is 0-80 ℃.
The thickness of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material coating in the step (2) is 0.5-500 mu m.
The humidity of the environment in which the wet gas power generation device in step (2) is operated should be more than 70%.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The device prepared by the method can automatically generate electric energy by means of capillary action of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material coating and water evaporation, and can also absorb water in the environment to generate electricity. The power generation method is highly spontaneous, is less limited by the environment, has high energy output, can be maintained for a long time, and is suitable for various application scenes.
(2) The one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material fiber adopted by the method can increase the mechanical property and flexibility of the coating, cations can be ionized on the surface of the coating, the nano-size of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material is gradually increased from bottom to top, the specific surface area of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material shows a negative correlation, the concentration of ionized ions at the bottom is higher than that at the top, the ions at the bottom are promoted to be upwards diffused, and the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material fiber plays a synergistic effect with the driving effect of water flow.
(3) The method disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, easy in obtaining of used materials, low in equipment requirement and large-scale in production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to the method of the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
To facilitate understanding of the present invention, examples are set forth below. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are provided only to aid in understanding the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
Examples
(1) And (3) dispersing carboxylated carbon fibers with the average diameter of 5nm, the length of 200nm, the diameter of 10nm, the length of 500nm, the diameter of 50nm, the length of 2 mu m, the diameter of 100nm and the length of 10 mu m in ethanol respectively, wherein the mass ratio of the carboxylated carbon fibers to the ethanol is 7:3, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain carboxylated carbon fiber slurry.
(2) Two carbon electrodes are coated on the substrate polyester resin film, the width of each electrode is 1cm, the length of each electrode is 20cm, and the interval between the upper electrode and the lower electrode is 4cm.
(3) And (3) respectively coating carboxylated carbon fiber slurries with different sizes from bottom to top, wherein the bottom is small-size carboxylated carbon fibers, the sizes of the carboxylated carbon fibers are gradually increased from bottom to top, after one area is completely dried, sequentially coating the next area, and drying to obtain the carboxylated carbon fiber-based photovoltaic and moisture power generation device, wherein the thickness of the coating is 100 mu m.
(4) The lower electrode of the device is placed in deionized water at an included angle of 60 degrees with the liquid level, the lower electrode is fully immersed in the water, the upper electrode is not in contact with the liquid, and the device generates continuous voltage and current along with the capillary action of the carboxylated carbon fiber coating and the evaporation of the water.
Examples
(1) And (3) dispersing carboxylated carbon fibers with the average diameter of 5nm, the length of 200nm, the diameter of 10nm, the length of 500nm, the diameter of 50nm, the length of 2 mu m, the diameter of 100nm and the length of 10 mu m in ethanol respectively, wherein the mass ratio of the carboxylated carbon fibers to the ethanol is 7:3, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain carboxylated carbon fiber slurry.
(2) Two carbon electrodes are coated on the substrate polyester resin film, the width of each electrode is 1cm, the length of each electrode is 20cm, and the interval between the upper electrode and the lower electrode is 4cm.
(3) And (3) respectively coating carboxylated carbon fiber slurries with different sizes from bottom to top, wherein the bottom is small-size carboxylated carbon fibers, the sizes of the carboxylated carbon fibers are gradually increased from bottom to top, after one area is completely dried, sequentially coating the next area, and drying to obtain the carboxylated carbon fiber-based photovoltaic and moisture power generation device, wherein the thickness of the coating is 100 mu m.
(4) The device was placed in an environment with 75% humidity and as the alumina fiber coating absorbed water, the device generated voltage and current.
Examples
(1) And (3) respectively dispersing carboxylated carbon nanotubes with average diameters of 5nm, lengths of 200nm, diameters of 10nm, lengths of 500nm, diameters of 50nm, lengths of 2 mu m, diameters of 100nm and lengths of 10 mu m in ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of the carboxylated carbon nanotubes to the ethanol is 7:3, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain carboxylated carbon fiber slurry.
(2) Two carbon electrodes are coated on the substrate polyester resin film, the width of each electrode is 1cm, the length of each electrode is 20cm, and the interval between the upper electrode and the lower electrode is 4cm.
(3) And respectively coating carboxylated carbon nanotube slurry with different sizes from bottom to top, wherein the bottom is a small-size carboxylated carbon nanotube, the size of the carboxylated carbon nanotube is gradually increased from bottom to top, after one area is completely dried, sequentially coating the next area, and drying to obtain the carboxylated carbon nanotube-based photovoltaic and wet gas power generation device, wherein the thickness of the coating is 100 mu m.
(4) The lower electrode of the device is placed in deionized water at an included angle of 60 degrees with the liquid level, the lower electrode is fully immersed in the water, the upper electrode is not in contact with the liquid, and the device generates continuous voltage and current along with the capillary action of the carboxylated carbon nanotube coating and the evaporation of the water.
Examples
(1) And (3) respectively dispersing carboxylated bacterial cellulose with an average diameter of 5nm, a length of 200nm, a diameter of 10nm, a length of 500nm, a diameter of 50nm, a length of 2 mu m, a diameter of 100nm and a length of 10 mu m in ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of carboxylated bacterial cellulose to ethanol is 7:3, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min to obtain carboxylated bacterial cellulose slurry.
(2) Two carbon electrodes are coated on the substrate polyester resin film, the width of each electrode is 1cm, the length of each electrode is 20cm, and the interval between the upper electrode and the lower electrode is 4cm.
(3) And respectively coating carboxylated bacterial cellulose slurry with different sizes from bottom to top, wherein the bottom is a small-size carboxylated carbon nanotube, the size of the carboxylated bacterial cellulose is gradually increased from bottom to top, after one area is completely dried, sequentially coating the next area, and drying to obtain the carboxylated bacterial cellulose-based photovoltaic and wet gas power generation device, wherein the thickness of the coating is 100 mu m.
(4) The lower electrode of the device is placed in deionized water at an included angle of 60 degrees with the liquid level, the lower electrode is fully immersed in the water, the upper electrode is not in contact with the liquid, and the device generates continuous voltage and current along with the capillary action of the carboxylated bacterial cellulose coating and the evaporation of the water.
The applicant states that the detailed process equipment and process flows of the present invention are described by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to, i.e., does not mean that the present invention must be practiced in dependence upon, the above detailed process equipment and process flows. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the photovoltaic and moisture power generation device based on the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material comprises the following steps:
(1) Dispersing one-dimensional carboxylated carbon materials with different sizes in a solvent to obtain one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material slurry;
(2) And (3) coating one surfaces of the substrate, which are provided with the upper electrode and the lower electrode, with one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material slurries with different sizes from bottom to top, wherein the bottom is provided with one-dimensional carboxylated carbon materials with small sizes, the sizes of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon materials from bottom to top are gradually increased, after one area is completely dried, coating the next area in sequence, and drying to obtain the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material-based photovoltaic and wet gas power generation device.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material in the step (1) comprises carboxylated carbon nanotubes, carboxylated carbon fibers, carboxylated bacterial cellulose, and the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material has a diameter of 1 to 500nm and a length of 100nm to 500 μm.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent in the step (1) is methanol, ethanol or deionized water, and the mass ratio of the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material to the solvent is 3:7-7:3.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the substrate in the step (2) is a flexible substrate, and the flexible substrate is a polyester resin film, a polyimide film, a polyvinyl chloride film, a polypropylene film, a polytetrafluoroethylene film or a teflon tape.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the electrode materials of the upper electrode and the lower electrode in the step (2) are inorganic conductive materials or metal conductive materials, and the electrode interval between the upper electrode and the lower electrode is 1-10cm.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the drying time in step (2) is 1s to 1800s and the drying temperature is 0 to 80 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the one-dimensional carboxylated carbon material coating in step (2) has a thickness of 0.5 to 500 μm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the moisture power generation device in step (2) is operated at an ambient humidity of greater than 70%.
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| TWI778656B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-09-21 | 國立臺灣科技大學 | Flexible long-term clean energy power generation device with spontaneous moisture absorption |
| TWI792342B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2023-02-11 | 國立臺灣科技大學 | Flexible clean energy power generation device with high power generation efficiency |
| CN113364352B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-08-22 | 扬州大学 | Preparation method of evaporation driving power generation material based on sugarcane |
| CN113571721B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-12-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Seawater power generation device and using method thereof |
| CN114597514B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2024-06-25 | 江南大学 | Fibrous humidity battery |
| CN114744917B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-08-11 | 广东墨睿科技有限公司 | Graphene power generation device and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116015102B (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2024-05-10 | 华南理工大学 | Environment humidity power generation device and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110282594A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-27 | 苏州大学 | Water volt device based on silicon micro-nano structure and its preparation method and application |
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| 谭进等.基于纳米碳的水伏材料及其能量转换器件.《科学通报》.2018,第63卷(第27期),2818-2832. * |
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