KR102560836B1 - Sludge shredders - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sludge grinder, and more particularly, to an apparatus for crushing sludge flowing into an organic waste liquid digestion tank, which maximizes the surface area of the sludge through grinding to contribute to increasing digestion efficiency, and relates to an environmental machine.

Description

Sludge shredders {Sludge shredders}

The present invention is a device for crushing sludge flowing into an organic waste liquid digestion tank, and is intended to contribute to increasing digestion efficiency by maximizing the surface area of sludge through crushing, and is related to environmental machinery.

The background art of the present invention is a disc attrition mill or a single disc mill in which only one disc is rotated among attrition mills called disc attrition mills or attrition mills for short, which are mainly used in wet food manufacturers. This can be seen as a vertical and motorized version of our traditional horizontal manual millstone grinder, and is a grinding grinder commonly called soybean milk machine.

FOOD ENGINEERING OPERATIONS (2nd edition) by J. B. Brennan, J. R. Butters, N. D. Cowell, A. E. V. Lilly APPLIED SCIENCE PUBLISHERS LIMITED LONDON, 1976 4.3.3 DISK ATTRITION MILLS (p68)

In a digestion tank that injects and digests organic sludge such as manure, livestock manure, sewage, and food waste, the size of the input sludge is reduced to increase the surface area to increase the contact area with digestive microorganisms, thereby contributing to the increase in digestion efficiency. Specifically, it is a task to provide a device capable of reducing the size of impurities of 8 (± 2) mm or less to become sludge passing through a gap of about 1 mm.

The organic sludge is composed of papers, fibers, plastics, vinyls, leaves/branches, hair, animal hair, strings, food fragments, earth and sand, metals, seeds, and other various materials, and its shape is also leaf-shaped, needle-shaped, spherical, It is a substance that has all kinds of shapes, such as plate shape, cylindrical shape, and irregular shape. Among them, inorganic materials such as earth and sand, metals, and materials heavier than water such as undestroyed seeds, except for those removed from the impurities treatment machine, that is, materials with a specific gravity similar to or lighter than water, are aimed at miniaturizing the size. It is the subject of this invention.

Here, looking at the meaning of the terms 'impurity' and 'sludge', representatively in the case of sewage, the combination of impurities and waste sludge is usually referred to as sewage sludge, and impurities and sludge are sometimes used interchangeably. Strictly speaking, however, impurities are solids contained in organic waste liquid treatment, which are literally the first thing to be removed, and 'sludge' is a solid that is smaller than impurities and enters the digester and has value as bio-nutrients. It can be called a substance, but this is also a substance to be finally removed. In other words, if the impurities are reduced to be useful substances for digestion, the reduced impurities become sludge. In terms of the concept of function, the solid matter before entering the digester is impurities, and it becomes sludge only if it is premised that it is introduced into the digester as a bionutrient. That is, the solids that cannot enter the digestion tank and are discarded become impurities, and the solids used for digestion are referred to as sludge. From this point of view, the sludge mill of the present invention is, strictly speaking, closer to the debris mill. Therefore, the sludge grinder of the present invention would be better to spring in the sense of 'a grinder made of sludge'.

However, the sludge grinder, which is the name of the present invention, is classified in the Korean article classification number information and detailed product name information, “Due to the large foreign matter contained in the sludge, the pipe of the sludge treatment facility is clogged or the rotating body is broken In order to prevent this, it is a device that pulverizes foreign substances by the rotating blade of the grinder, and is used in the pre-treatment of the sludge treatment process.” In other words, the 'large foreign matter contained in the sludge' referred to here is 'impurity', and the sludge grinder refers to a device that applies the crushing method of impurities by rotating blades.

As described above, it can be seen that the purpose of the conventional sludge grinder is for the stability of the process flow. However, the purpose of the sludge mill of the present invention is to reduce the size of impurities to produce sludge beneficial to digestion. Since the conventional sludge grinder is intended to prevent pipe clogging or equipment failure, it is not necessary to make the particle size reduction range of solids very fine. That is, usually 5 mm is sufficient. The minimum grinding size of sludge mills actually used is also about that. This dimension is also the limit of the blade grinder. On the other hand, the sludge grinder of the present invention has a difference in that the size reduction range should be up to about 1 mm because the smaller the size of the sludge is, the better it is for the effect as a bio nutrient.

The 'rotating blade' of the sludge mill referred to in the 'classification commentary' is a crushing mechanism such as cutting an object by swinging a knife at high speed in the air using a cutter that rotates at high speed, such as a household cutter, and the principle of scissors or chopping Two methods, such as the double-edged cutting method, can be assumed.

The above air rotary blade method has a fatal problem in which thin and long materials such as hair, animal hair, and string are entangled in the rotating blade or shaft, making it difficult to secure the stability of continuous operation. In other words, this method has no problem in applying an intermittent operation method such as a household or commercial grinder, but has a problem of poor stability in facilities requiring continuous operation or industrial use.

The double-edged cutting method in the back is suitable for the manual cutting method that requires a fine sense of the hand. If this is applied to the automatic cutting method, the so-called fine pint of the two blades, such as the contact angle, contact force, and automatic correction of wear of both blades, is continuously and automatically It is very difficult to match, so there is a limit to its application as an automatic device for fine cutting. At least, the double-edged cutting method is applied, and the most likely crusher is the crushing pump. However, it is determined that the crushing pump is suitable for the preliminary crushing of medium and large-sized impurities having a size of about 10 mm or more, and is not suitable for the purpose of the present invention for fine crushing.

The most suitable method of finely pulverizing the impurities of the present invention to grind sludge as food for microorganisms to be put into the digester is considered to be a grinding method. Among the grinding methods, our traditional horizontal manual millstone grinder is verticalized and motorized, and the abrasive grinder, which is a grinder that puts the workpiece into the gap between the rotating millstone and the fixed millstone, would be the most appropriate. The reason you see it that way is

First, it is suitable for splitting soft materials.

Second, fine grinding is easy.

Third, it is not limited by the shape of the material to be processed.

Fourth, there is no entanglement or narrowing of the gap because there is no rotating shaft or rotating wing that the workpiece is in contact with.

Fifth, there is only a gap of about 1mm, and there is no blade that needs to be continuously focused.

Sixth, in a way that requires a certain level of water for input, grinding, and discharge, it is suitable for impurities in a wet state. There is no difficulty in adding water as needed.

As described above, the abrasive shredder is selected as a solution of the present invention, and a more specific solution is to change the abrasive shredder, which is mainly used for food processing, into a device suitable for grinding impurities.

As a device that verticalizes and motorizes the traditional horizontal manual millstone grinder, the position of the rotary millstone (2) is fixed and the position of the fixed millstone (3) is adjusted. A plurality of control springs (4) provided on the inlet side plate (6) ), it is a sludge grinder of a fixed millstone adjustable millstone grinding method that can prevent overload and stop operation in case of an emergency by pushing the fixed millstone (3).

as another workaround. In the first solution, instead of the grinder inlet 62, it is provided with a centrifugal inlet 7 of a tangential inflow method, through which the liquid to be treated rotates and enters the sludge grinder, thereby preventing clogging of the inlet passage 61 It is characterized by improved operation stability.

As another solution, instead of the grinder inlet 62 of the sludge grinder, the sprinkling inlet 81 and the washing water inlet 82 are attached in the tangential direction of the circle to generate a rotational descending flow. Through this, the dilution water injected from the water inlet 81 strikes the impurities descending into the impurities inlet 84 of the circular upper plate of the injector body 83 to rotate and descend together to enter the sludge grinder, thereby entering the grinder inflow passage It prevents clogging in (61) and serves to supply moisture required for grinding and discharging the ground material.

In addition, the washing water inlet 82 is provided at a rotationally symmetrical position with the water inlet 81, and the washing water injected therein cleans the inlet passage 61 and the main body of the sludge mill after operation. it did

The background art of the present invention, commonly called a soybean milk machine, is a device for reducing the size of grains such as beans in relation to food production, and is mainly used in restaurants or food manufacturing factories. is centrifugally discharged. This is a device that can be used by anyone without special experience or skills, and it is a device that needs to adjust the size of the pulverized material from time to time according to the type of workpiece and the method of use, such as sequential pulverization such as coarse pulverization and fine pulverization. (102) is configured to easily adjust the gap.

Unlike the above, the sludge crusher of the present invention is a device used in manure, livestock manure, sewage, food waste treatment plants, etc., and the target material is limited to impurities contained in waste liquid, and the user of the device is a person with a certain level of machine management ability is specified In addition, once the gap between the fixed millstone 3 and the rotary millstone 2 is aligned (1 mm as standard), there is no need to adjust the gap unless the millstone is greatly worn.

Table 1 below summarizes the differences in the use of the grinder (soybean milk) 100 and the sludge grinder of the present invention.

[Table 1] Comparison of differences in utilization of soymilk (100) and sludge grinder of the present invention

grinder
division Grinding seasoning (soybean milk) sludge grinder note Use (purpose of use) food grinding Crush Impurities Where to use Restaurant, food processing business manure, livestock manure, sewage,
Food waste treatment plant Substances to be treated grains such as beans impostor material shape, appearance Granular, less clogging of inflow passage collection of various shapes
Many inlet passage blockages manipulator everyone operator (manipulator) Gap control frequency Almost none device cleaning Required after work is completed almost never needed

As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the grinding shredder (soybean milk) 100 of the background art and the sludge grinder of the present invention are the same in terms of grinding and pulverizing materials, but are very different in the practical content of their utilization. Therefore, the present invention is based on the trituration shredder, commonly called soybean milk machine 100, but improved and changed it to create a trituration type sludge grinder suitable for sludge grinding through the solution to the above problems. As a result, the two devices are shown in Table 2 below. contrasted with

[Table 2] Comparison of configurations of the grinder (soybean milk) 100 and the sludge grinder of the present invention

grinder
division Soymilk sludge grinder comparison Gap control method Changing the location of the millstone Change the location of the fixed millstone The mechanical stability of the sludge grinder that controls the fixed body is higher than that of the soybean milk machine that controls the rotating body. Gap push method 1 large spring multiple small springs Compared to the control spring wrapped around the rotation axis, the structure of the spring that adjusts the fixed part is simple. spring adjustment Equipped with an external handle that anyone, often, easily, and quickly needs to adjust Low frequency of use, requires tools Compared to soymilk machines mainly used in the food processing industry and restaurants, the sludge grinder used only in waste liquid treatment plants requires little adjustment and has a simple structure without an external handle. switchgear Internal cleaning required after one-time use, equipped with one-touch open/close device No need to open and clean after use Soybean milk machine for food processing requires frequent cleaning, sludge grinder for waste liquid treatment does not require opening and cleaning, so one-touch opening/closing device is unnecessary. Prevention of aisle blockage no means rotary inflow
Applied method Inlet funnel tangential inflow
generate rotational force

Analyzing the difference in the utilization of Table 1 in the soybean milk machine and the sludge grinder and the comparison of the composition of Table 2 created accordingly,

First, unlike the soybean milk machine 100, the sludge grinder applies a tangential inflow method to the grinder inlet 62 to match the characteristics of the material to be treated with frequent clogging, so that the inflow rotates and descends, so that the inlet 142 and the inlet passage In the process of passing through (141), it prevents blockage, especially in the bent part.

Second, the gap control method of the soybean milk machine 100 is to move and adjust the position of the rotary millstone. This control method has the advantage of being easily manipulated, but the mechanical stability is poor and the structure is complicated. On the other hand, the sludge grinder of the present invention is a method in which the gap between the two millstones is adjusted by adjusting the position of the fixed millstone 3, and mechanical stability and ease of manufacture can be ensured. A further explanation of the above two methods is

In order to adjust the fixed millstone in the soybean milk machine 100, a large spring must be built into the inlet side plate 104 to which the fixed millstone is attached and the pressure of the spring must be adjusted to push the fixed millstone. However, since anyone must easily and frequently adjust the spring pressure of the soybean milk machine 100, the gap adjusting member has no choice but to be in the form of a large handle exposed to the outside. In this case, the inlet side plate 104 has many members to be indispensable, such as a fixed millstone, a fixed plate, a spring, and a gap adjustment handle 102 provided outside the outer diameter fine screw of the door, so that the width (thickness) of the inlet side plate 104 This becomes large and heavy, making it difficult to manufacture the one-touch switch 143. Therefore, in the soybean milk machine 100, the door 104 is simplified and lightweight by placing the gap adjusting member in the space on the transmission side by sacrificing mechanical stability and adjusting the position of the rotating millstone at the risk of manufacturing complexity. Select a method I guess it was done

In contrast, in the sludge grinder of the present invention, if only a specific person with a manipulation function handles the device and adjusts the gap once, there is almost no need to adjust the gap until the millstone is severely worn, so there is no need to provide a large handle exposed to the outside, and the door (6) ) It is possible to increase the mechanical stability through the method of adjusting with a plurality of small control springs (4) attached to. In this way, since the width of the door 6 does not have to be increased, the horizontal inlet space does not become long, reducing the risk of clogging.

Compared to the soybean milk machine 100, which prioritizes the convenience of use as described above, the sludge grinder of the present invention does not need to consider the convenience of use. It can be simplified with a structure without a clearance adjustment handle of a complicated internal configuration, and it can focus on mechanical stability and ease of manufacture.

Third, the cleaning method after operation is different according to the difference between food and waste, and the opening and closing device is applied differently.

As described above, the effect of the sludge grinder of the present invention, which is specialized for sludge grinding configured to suit the purpose of use, the material to be handled, and the characteristics of operation, can be seen.

1 is a three-dimensional view of the background art of the present invention, soybean milk
Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the sludge mill according to Example 1 of the present invention
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of Figure 2
Figure 4 is a plan view of the centrifugal inlet of the sludge grinder according to Example 2 of the present invention
Figure 5 is a front view of Figure 4
Figure 6 is a plan view of the centrifugal sprinkler injector of the sludge grinder according to Example 3 of the present invention
Figure 7 is a front view of Figure 6

<Example 1>

A shaft 51 constructed with two sets of bearings 52, driven by an electric motor 5, and a rotating millstone 2 mounted at the end of the shaft, maintaining a constant distance (1 mm standard) with the rotating millstone 2 It is a structure in which the fixed millstone 3 attached to the fixed millstone attachment plate 31 is provided. It is a structure in which a plurality of adjusting springs 4 push the fixed millstone 3 so that the lowest gap (standard value of 1 mm) between the two millstones can always be maintained. When a hard or large material is momentarily introduced during operation, the retracting action of the control spring 4 pushes the fixed millstone attachment plate 31 to which the fixed millstone 3 is attached to the back, so that the fixed millstone 3 and It is configured to prevent overload and prevent an accident in which operation is stopped by widening a gap between the rotary millstones 2. Four control springs 4 are provided on the inlet side plate 6 and are finished with a waterproof spring cap 41, and a square grinding water outlet 11 is provided at the lower part of the grinder body 1.

<Example 2>

Example 2 replaces the mill inlet 62 of the sludge mill of Example 1 with a centrifugal inlet 7, and the material flowing into the sludge mill is a solid-liquid mixture with a normal moisture content of 95% or more that can be pumped. it has been applied

The centrifugal inlet (7) having a cylindrical inlet inlet (71) with a short vertical part at the top and an inlet cone (73) with a gradually narrowing diameter at the bottom is a tangential line of a circle on the main surface of the inlet body (72). It has the inlet inlet 71 that flows horizontally in the direction, and attaches a circular low pressure prevention rod 74 vertically to the inner center of the upper cylindrical portion, the lower end of which is slightly lower than the cylindrical portion, and the shape of the end of the rod is also conical. sharpen with The cone angle is preferably an angle similar to the cone angle of the inlet cone 73.

Describing the operation of the above inlet process, when the mixed liquid is pumped into the centrifugal inlet 7 through the horizontal inlet inlet 71, the centrifugal force is generated due to the rotary motion of the fluid due to the tangential inflow. It occurs and is driven away from the center, causing it to rotate and descend. At this time, a low-pressure area close to vacuum is created in the center. Since this low-pressure space acts as an obstacle to fluid flow, a low-pressure prevention rod 74 is provided at the center to eliminate the space at the low-pressure generating part.

As described above, since the inflow becomes a swirling flow, it serves to prevent clogging of the inflow passage 61, especially in the elbow portion that is bent at right angles. Unlike the soybean milk machine (100), which handles granular food of similar size and shape as described above, the sludge mill of the present invention has a wide variety of shapes and properties of solid materials contained, and solids are agglomerated by thin materials such as hair. Since it tends to gather and can be blocked during the transfer process, it is prevented to prevent operation stoppage, and it can be said to be a creation of a configuration that emphasizes stability.

<Example 3>

Example 3 was aimed at a solid-liquid mixture transported on a conveyor, such as a dregs taken out of water with a water content of 90% or less. Example 2 is a structure in which the pumped liquid is pressurized into the sludge mill as it is, while Example 3 is a structure in which watery impurities fall from the conveyor by gravity and flow into the sludge mill.

In this embodiment 3, the mill inlet 62 of the first embodiment is replaced with a centrifugal water injector 8 having the water inlet 81 of a centrifugal type. This is a combination of an inserter body 83 formed of a vertical cylinder with the top plate and an inserter cone 85 whose diameter decreases as it goes downward, and is placed on the horizontal part of the top plate of the inserter body 83 at a position biased to one side avoiding the center. An impurity inlet 84 is provided, and the sprinkling inlet 81 and the washing water inlet 82 are provided horizontally on the main surface of the vertical cylinder. The two water input ports 81 and 82 are attached in the tangential direction of the circle, but preferably have rotationally symmetrical positions with each other, and the input cone 85 becomes the inlet of the sludge grinder. By doing this, the dilution water having a constant speed, which has entered the sprinkling inlet 81, hits the impurities flowing down from the top in the horizontal direction, so that the injector cone 85 and the sludge grinder rotate inside the inlet passage 61 and descend This is effective in preventing clogging. On the other hand, if the impurities do not rotate and fall into the sludge mill, there is a risk that the lumpy impurities will fall powerlessly and the bend pipe passage will be blocked.

The water entering through the sprinkling inlet 81 serves as dilution water necessary for internal transport, grinding, and discharging of grinding materials of the sludge mill as well as preventing clogging of the inflow passage. can be used, and external fresh water can be used as the washing water. Since this washing water is temporarily used for washing only at the end of operation, there is no problem with the amount of water used. In addition, in this embodiment 3, the low pressure prevention rod like embodiment 2 is unnecessary. In Example 2, the entire system becomes a pumping line and the water pressure reaches the entire space, but in Example 3, since it has a top open structure that freely falls on the conveyor, there is no need to consider the problem of low pressure.

1: grinder body 11: grinding water outlet 2: rotary millstone
3: fixed millstone 31: fixed millstone attachment plate 311: attachment bolt
4: control spring 41: spring cap 5: motor
51: shaft 52: bearing 53: seal
6: inlet side plate (door) 61: inlet passage 62: grinder inlet
7: centrifugal inlet 71: inlet inlet 72: inlet body
73: inlet cone 74: low pressure prevention bar 8: centrifugal sprinkler injector
81: sprinkler inlet 82: washing water inlet 83: inserter body
84: impurities inlet 85: feeder cone 100: soybean milk
101: Soybean organic body 111: grinding water outlet 102: clearance adjustment handle
103: motor 104: inflow side plate 141: inflow passage
142: inlet 143: one-touch switch

Claims (3)

delete As a device that verticalizes and motorizes the traditional horizontal manual millstone grinder, the position of the rotary millstone (2) is fixed and the position of the fixed millstone (3) is adjusted. A plurality of control springs (4) provided on the inlet side plate (6) ) to prevent overload in case of an emergency and to prevent an operation shutdown accident by pushing the fixed millstone (3),
Instead of the grinder inlet 62, the sprinkling inlet 81 and the washing water inlet 82 are attached in the tangential direction of the circle and provided as a centrifugal sprinkler injector 8 that generates a rotationally descending flow, through which the sprinkling inlet 81 ), the dilution water injected from the injector body 83 strikes the impurities that descend into the impurities inlet 84 of the circular upper plate, rotates together, and enters the sludge grinder, thereby preventing clogging in the grinder inlet passage 61 It serves to supply moisture required for grinding and discharging the ground material,
The washing water inlet 82 is provided at a position rotationally symmetrical with the water inlet 81, and the washing water injected therein cleans the inlet passage 61 and the main body of the sludge mill after operation. sludge crusher. delete