KR102536321B1 - Liver-specific gene expression cassette based on human-derived gene expression module - Google Patents

Liver-specific gene expression cassette based on human-derived gene expression module Download PDF

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KR102536321B1
KR102536321B1 KR1020200171327A KR20200171327A KR102536321B1 KR 102536321 B1 KR102536321 B1 KR 102536321B1 KR 1020200171327 A KR1020200171327 A KR 1020200171327A KR 20200171327 A KR20200171327 A KR 20200171327A KR 102536321 B1 KR102536321 B1 KR 102536321B1
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이희란
오석희
강임경
유대봉
이경진
김지현
안미경
이혜진
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재단법인 아산사회복지재단
울산대학교 산학협력단
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Abstract

본 발명은 인체 유래 유전자 발현 유도 모듈에 기반한 간 특이 유전자 발현 시스템에 관한 것으로서, 구체적으로는 알파-1 안티트립신 코어 프로모터(alpha-1 antitrypsin core promoter)를 기반으로 업스트림(upstream)에는 알부민 인핸서(albumin enhancer)를 부착하고, 다운스트림(downstream)에는 발현 조절에 최적화된 스플리이싱 도너/어셉터(splicing donor/acceptor)와 poly A signal을 부착한 pLiverTM 유전자 발현 카세트에 대한 것이다. 또한, 이 유전자 발현 모듈은 AAV 기반 벡터에 장착하여 유전자 치료용 적용을 고려할 때 유리하게 하려고 길이를 최소화하는데 주안점을 두어 개발하였다.The present invention relates to a liver-specific gene expression system based on a human-derived gene expression induction module, and specifically, based on an alpha-1 antitrypsin core promoter, upstream an albumin enhancer (albumin enhancer) is attached, and a splicing donor/acceptor optimized for expression control and a poly A signal are attached downstream. In addition, this gene expression module was developed with an emphasis on minimizing the length to be advantageous when considering the application for gene therapy by loading into an AAV-based vector.

Description

인체 유래 유전자 발현 유도 모듈에 기반한 간 특이 유전자 발현 시스템{Liver-specific gene expression cassette based on human-derived gene expression module}Liver-specific gene expression cassette based on human-derived gene expression module}

본 발명은 인체 유래 유전자 발현 유도 모듈에 기반한 간 특이 유전자 발현 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a liver-specific gene expression system based on a human-derived gene expression induction module.

유전자 치료에 사용되는 바이러스 벡터의 간 흡수에 대한 기존 연구 결과에서, 간이 바이러스 벡터를 흡수할 수 있는 높은 능력을 가지고 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 즉, 아데노 관련 바이러스(Adeno-associated virus; AAV) 벡터를 포함하여 유전자 치료에 사용되는 많은 바이러스 벡터가 간에서 효율적으로 흡수될 수 있다는 것은 여러 연구들을 통해 확인되었다.In previous studies on liver uptake of viral vectors used in gene therapy, it was confirmed that the liver has a high ability to uptake viral vectors. That is, it has been confirmed through several studies that many viral vectors used in gene therapy, including adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors, can be efficiently absorbed in the liver.

더구나, 간은 대사 및 혈청 단백질 생성에 있어서 중심적인 역할을 하기 때문에 유전자 치료의 표적 기관이 되어왔다. 간 유도 AAV 유전자 치료제 개발에 대한 현재의 연구 대부분은 혈우병 B 분야의 전임상 및 임상적 성공에서 비롯되었다. 혈우병 A 및 B의 전형적인 마우스 및 개 모델에 대한 많은 연구에서, 바이러스 벡터 투여로 인한 강력한 효과를 입증하였다.Moreover, the liver has been a target organ for gene therapy because of its central role in metabolism and serum protein production. Much of the current work on liver-derived AAV gene therapy development has resulted from preclinical and clinical success in the field of hemophilia B. A number of studies in classic mouse and dog models of hemophilia A and B have demonstrated potent effects due to administration of viral vectors.

그러나, 간을 표적으로 하는 유전자 치료는 여전히 효율적이지 않으며, 비-표적 전달 및 발현은 효능 감소 또는 합병증을 초래할 수 있다. 따라서, 간에서 관심 있는 유전자를 적절하고 특이적으로 또는 우선적으로 발현시킬 수 있는 강력한 간 특이 유전자 발현 시스템의 개발이 요구되고 있다.However, gene therapy targeting the liver is still not efficient, and off-target delivery and expression may lead to reduced efficacy or complications. Therefore, there is a need to develop a robust liver-specific gene expression system capable of appropriately, specifically or preferentially expressing a gene of interest in the liver.

한국공개특허 10-2018-0069054 (2018.06.22 공개)Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2018-0069054 (published on June 22, 2018)

본 발명의 목적은 간 특이적 프로모터 유전자, 스플라이싱 도너/어셉터(splicing donor/acceptor; SD/SA) 유전자, 발현 목적 유전자 및 polyA signal 유전자를 순서대로 포함하는 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트, 상기 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트를 포함하는 재조합 발현 벡터 및 상기 재조합 발현 벡터로 형질감염된 재조합 미생물을 제공하는 데에 있다. An object of the present invention is a liver-specific gene expression cassette comprising a liver-specific promoter gene, a splicing donor/acceptor (SD/SA) gene, an expression target gene, and a polyA signal gene in order, An object of the present invention is to provide a recombinant expression vector containing the liver-specific gene expression cassette and a recombinant microorganism transfected with the recombinant expression vector.

또한, 본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기 재조합 미생물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 조성물을 제공하는 데에 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition for liver-specific gene expression comprising the recombinant microorganism as an active ingredient.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 서열번호 1로 표시되는 간 특이적 프로모터 유전자, 서열번호 2로 표시되는 스플라이싱 도너/어셉터(splicing donor/acceptor; SD/SA) 유전자, 발현 목적 유전자 및 서열번호 3으로 표시되는 polyA signal 유전자를 순서대로 포함하는 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트를 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a liver-specific promoter gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, a splicing donor/acceptor (SD/SA) gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, and a target gene And it provides a liver-specific gene expression cassette comprising the polyA signal gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 in order.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트를 포함하는 재조합 발현 벡터 및 상기 재조합 발현 벡터로 형질감염된 재조합 미생물을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a recombinant expression vector containing the liver-specific gene expression cassette and a recombinant microorganism transfected with the recombinant expression vector.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 재조합 미생물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 조성물을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a liver-specific gene expression composition comprising the recombinant microorganism as an active ingredient.

본 발명은 인체 유래 유전자 발현 유도 모듈에 기반한 간 특이 유전자 발현 시스템에 관한 것으로서, 구체적으로는 알파-1 안티트립신 코어 프로모터(alpha-1 antitrypsin core promoter)를 기반으로 업스트림(upstream)에는 알부민 인핸서(albumin enhancer)를 부착하고, 다운스트림(downstream)에는 발현 조절에 최적화된 스플리이싱 도너/어셉터(splicing donor/acceptor)와 poly A signal을 부착한 pLiverTM 유전자 발현 카세트에 대한 것이다. 또한, 이 유전자 발현 모듈은 AAV 기반 벡터에 장착하여 유전자 치료용 적용을 고려할 때 유리하게 하려고 길이를 최소화하는데 주안점을 두어 개발하였다.The present invention relates to a liver-specific gene expression system based on a human-derived gene expression induction module, and specifically, based on an alpha-1 antitrypsin core promoter, upstream an albumin enhancer (albumin enhancer) is attached, and a splicing donor/acceptor optimized for expression control and a poly A signal are attached downstream. In addition, this gene expression module was developed with an emphasis on minimizing the length to be advantageous when considering the application for gene therapy by loading into an AAV-based vector.

도 1은 인체 유래 간 특이 합성 프로모터의 특성 분석 결과를 나타낸다. A) 간 특이 합성 프로모터 모듈의 구조를 나타낸다. B) 간 특이 합성 프로모터의 간세포 특이 유전자 발현 유도능을 확인한 결과를 나타낸다.
도 2는 poly A signal module 특성 분석 결과를 나타낸다. A) 새롭게 고안된 polyA signal의 구조 및 변형형을 나타낸다. B) polyA signal의 유전자 발현 조절 효과 확인 결과를 나타낸다.
도 3은 synthetic splicing donor/acceptor (SD/SA) module 특성 분석 결과를 나타낸다. A) synthetic enhanced module의 구조 및 변형형을 나타낸다. B) synthetic SD/SA 변형형들의 유전자 발현 활성 조사 결과를 나타낸다.
도 4는 각 모듈의 최적화 조합을 통한 간조직 특이적 발현 카세트 특성 분석 결과를 나타낸다. A) 각 모듈의 최적화 조합체 구조를 나타낸다. B) 각 조합체 구조들의 유전자 발현 활성 조사 결과를 나타낸다. C) pS-AA1 (pLiverTM)의 초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte) 특이 유전자 발현 활성 조사 결과를 나타낸다.
도 5는 pLiverTM 의존적 치료 유전자 발현 확인 결과를 나타낸다. A) pS-AA1 (pLiverTM)-hAGXT 발현 벡터의 구조를 나타낸다. B) 초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte)에서 hAGXT의 발현 확인 결과를 나타낸다. C) 면역세포화학(Immunocytochemistry; ICC) 분석을 통한 hAGXT의 발현 확인 결과를 나타낸다.
도 6은 pS-AA1 (pLiverTM) -hAGXT 재조합 발현 벡터의 개열지도를 나타낸다.
Figure 1 shows the results of characterization of human-derived liver-specific synthetic promoters. A) The structure of the liver-specific synthetic promoter module is shown. B) The result of confirming the ability of the liver-specific synthetic promoter to induce hepatocyte-specific gene expression is shown.
2 shows the poly A signal module characteristic analysis results. A) The structure and modified form of the newly designed polyA signal are shown. B) The result of confirming the effect of polyA signal on gene expression regulation is shown.
3 shows the result of analyzing the characteristics of a synthetic splicing donor/acceptor (SD/SA) module. A) Indicates the structure and transformation of the synthetic enhanced module. B) Gene expression activity of synthetic SD/SA variants is shown.
Figure 4 shows the results of liver tissue-specific expression cassette characteristics analysis through the optimized combination of each module. A) Shows the optimized combination structure of each module. B) Shows the results of gene expression activity investigation of each combination structure. C) Results of investigation of primary hepatocyte-specific gene expression activity of pS-AA1 (pLiver TM ) are shown.
5 shows the result of confirming pLiver TM dependent therapeutic gene expression. A) The structure of the pS-AA1 (pLiver TM )-hAGXT expression vector is shown. B) The results of confirming the expression of hAGXT in primary hepatocytes are shown. C) The result of confirming the expression of hAGXT through immunocytochemistry (ICC) analysis is shown.
Figure 6 shows a cleavage map of the pS-AA1 (pLiver ) -hAGXT recombinant expression vector.

본 발명은 서열번호 1로 표시되는 간 특이적 프로모터 유전자, 서열번호 2로 표시되는 스플라이싱 도너/어셉터(splicing donor/acceptor; SD/SA) 유전자, 발현 목적 유전자 및 서열번호 3으로 표시되는 polyA signal 유전자를 순서대로 포함하는 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트를 제공한다.The present invention is a liver-specific promoter gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, a splicing donor / acceptor (SD / SA) gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, an expression target gene, and SEQ ID NO: 3 A cassette for liver-specific gene expression containing the polyA signal gene in sequence is provided.

바람직하게는, 상기 발현 목적 유전자는 인간 알라닌-글리옥실레이트 및 세린-피루베이트 아미노트랜스퍼레이즈(human alanine-glyoxylate and serine-pyruvate aminotransferase; hAGXT)일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.Preferably, the gene to be expressed may be human alanine-glyoxylate and serine-pyruvate aminotransferase (hAGXT), but is not limited thereto.

상기" hAGXT" 유전자는 NCBI accession no. NM_000030.3 일 수 있다. The "hAGXT" gene is NCBI accession no. It may be NM_000030.3.

본 발명에 있어 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트는 프로모터, 개시코돈, 종결코돈, 폴리아데닐화 시그널 및 인핸서와 같은 발현 조절 엘리먼트 외에도 막 표적화 또는 분비를 위한 신호서열 또는 리더 서열을 포함할 수 있으며 목적에 따라 다양하게 제조될 수 있다. In the present invention, the cassette for liver-specific gene expression may include a signal sequence or leader sequence for membrane targeting or secretion in addition to expression control elements such as a promoter, initiation codon, stop codon, polyadenylation signal and enhancer, and may be used for the purpose It can be manufactured in a variety of ways.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트를 포함하는 재조합 발현 벡터를 제공한다. In addition, the present invention provides a recombinant expression vector containing the liver-specific gene expression cassette.

바람직하게는, 상기 재조합 발현 벡터는 아데노 관련 바이러스(Adeno-associated virus; AAV) 기반 재조합 발현 벡터일 수 있고, 보다 바람직하게는, 상기 재조합 발현 벡터는 도 6의 개열지도일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.Preferably, the recombinant expression vector may be an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based recombinant expression vector, more preferably, the recombinant expression vector may be the cleavage map of FIG. 6, but is limited thereto It is not.

본 발명에 있어서, "벡터"는 클론유전자(또는 클론 DNA의 다른 조각)를 운반하는데 사용되는 스스로 복제되는 DNA분자를 의미한다.In the present invention, "vector" means a self-replicating DNA molecule used to transfer clonal genes (or other fragments of clonal DNA).

본 발명에서 있어서, “발현 벡터”는 목적한 코딩 서열과, 특정 숙주 생물에서 작동 가능하게 연결된 코딩 서열을 발현하는데 필수적인 적정 핵산 서열을 포함하는 재조합 DNA 분자를 의미한다. 발현 벡터는 바람직하게는 하나 이상의 선택성 마커를 포함할 수 있다. 상기 마커는 통상적으로 화학적인 방법으로 선택될 수 있는 특성을 갖는 핵산 서열로, 형질 전환된 세포를 비 형질전환 세포로부터 구별할 수 있는 모든 유전자가 이에 해당된다. 그 예로는 앰피실린(Ampicillin), 카나마이신(Kanamycin), 제네티신(Geneticin; G418), 블레오마이신(Bleomycin), 하이그로마이신(Hygromycin), 클로람페니콜(Chloramphenicol) 과 같은 항생제 내성 유전자가 있으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 당업자에 의해 적절히 선택 가능하다.In the present invention, "expression vector" means a recombinant DNA molecule containing a desired coding sequence and an appropriate nucleic acid sequence essential for expressing the operably linked coding sequence in a specific host organism. Expression vectors may preferably include one or more selectable markers. The marker is a nucleic acid sequence having a characteristic that can be selected by a conventional chemical method, and includes all genes capable of distinguishing transformed cells from non-transformed cells. Examples include, but are not limited to, antibiotic resistance genes such as Ampicillin, Kanamycin, Geneticin (G418), Bleomycin, Hygromycin, and Chloramphenicol. It is not, and can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 재조합 발현 벡터로 형질감염된 재조합 미생물을 제공한다. 바람직하게는, 상기 재조합 미생물은 아데노 관련 바이러스(Adeno-associated virus; AAV)일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.In addition, the present invention provides a recombinant microorganism transfected with the recombinant expression vector. Preferably, the recombinant microorganism may be Adeno-associated virus (AAV), but is not limited thereto.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 재조합 미생물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 조성물을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a liver-specific gene expression composition comprising the recombinant microorganism as an active ingredient.

이하, 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명하고자 한다. 이들 실시예는 오로지 본 발명을 보다 구체적으로 설명하기 위한 것으로, 본 발명의 요지에 따라 본 발명의 범위가 이들 실시예에 의해 제한되지 않는다는 것은 당업계에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 있어서 자명할 것이다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through examples. These examples are only for explaining the present invention in more detail, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples according to the gist of the present invention. .

<< 실험예Experimental example >>

하기의 실험예들은 본 발명에 따른 각각의 실시예에 공통적으로 적용되는 실험예를 제공하기 위한 것이다.The following experimental examples are intended to provide experimental examples commonly applied to each embodiment according to the present invention.

1. 세포 배양1. Cell culture

HEK 293T (ATCC CRL-1573), HeLa (ATCC CCL2.2), Huh7, HepG2 (ATCC HB-8065), MRC5 (ATCC CCL-171) 세포들은 모두 10% 우태아혈청 (fetal bovine serum, FBS, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA), GlutaMAX-1 (2 mM, Invitrogen) 및 페니실린 (100 IU/ml)/스트렙토마이신 (50 g/ml, Invitrogen)을 포함하는 DMEM 배지 (Invitrogen)를 이용하여 37℃, 5% CO2 배양기에서 배양하였다. HEK 293T (ATCC CRL-1573), HeLa (ATCC CCL2.2), Huh7, HepG2 (ATCC HB-8065), and MRC5 (ATCC CCL-171) cells were all cultured in 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Invitrogen , Carlsbad, CA), GlutaMAX-1 (2 mM, Invitrogen) and Penicillin (100 IU/ml)/Streptomycin (50 g/ml, Invitrogen) using DMEM medium (Invitrogen) at 37°C, 5% Cultured in a CO 2 incubator.

초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte)는 수컷 C57BL/6N-tac AGXT KO 마우스 11주령에서 분리하였다. 세포는 10% 우태아혈청, 10 nM 덱사메타손(Dexamethasone; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo), 페니실린 (100 IU/ml)/스트렙토마이신(50 g/ml)을 포함하는 Medium 199 배지 (Sigma-Aldrich)를 이용하여 37℃, 5% CO2 배양기에서 배양하였다. Primary hepatocytes were isolated from 11-week-old male C57BL/6N-tac AGXT KO mice. Cells were cultured in Medium 199 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo) containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 10 nM dexamethasone (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo), and penicillin (100 IU/ml)/streptomycin (50 g/ml). Aldrich) at 37° C., 5% CO 2 and cultured in an incubator.

2. 2. 클로닝cloning (cloning)(cloning)

1) 간 특이적 프로모터 (AA1) 모듈 설계1) Liver-specific promoter (AA1) module design

간 특이적 최소 프로모터(liver-specific minimal promoter) 모듈은 인체 유래 AAT (alpha-1 antitrypsin) 유전자 발현 조절 부위 (genebank #D38257.1)로부터 phAAT 부분(위치 1025-1229)의 염기서열을 포함시켰다.The liver-specific minimal promoter module contained the nucleotide sequence of the phAAT portion (positions 1025-1229) from the human-derived alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) gene expression control region (genebank #D38257.1).

양성대조군 LP1 (liver-specific promoter로 apolipoprotein enhancer (EhApo), phAAT, 5’-UTR(hAAT), SV40 intron으로 구성), 또 다른 양성대조군인 T-LP1 (LP1 promoter의 EhApo, ahAAT 부분)은 LP-1 염기서열 구성을 분석하여 AA1 유사하게 인핸서(enhancer) 모듈과 프로모터 부위로만 구성하였다.Positive control LP1 (liver-specific promoter consisting of apolipoprotein enhancer (EhApo), phAAT, 5'-UTR (hAAT), and SV40 intron), and another positive control group T-LP1 (EhApo, ahAAT part of LP1 promoter) were LP -1 By analyzing the nucleotide sequence composition, it was composed of only the enhancer module and promoter region similarly to AA1.

각 모듈들은 염기서열 합성을 통해 제작하였으며, 프로모터의 유전자 발현 특성은 pGL3-basic vector(PR-E1751, promega)에 제한 효소 KpnI와 BglII로 클로닝하여 firefly-luciferase의 활성을 정량적으로 측정함으로써 판정하였다.Each module was constructed through nucleotide sequence synthesis, and the gene expression characteristics of the promoter were cloned into a pGL3-basic vector (PR-E1751, promega) with the restriction enzymes KpnI and BglII, and firefly-luciferase activity was determined quantitatively.

2) synthetic 2) synthesis polyApolyA signal 설계 signal design

minimal synthetic polyA 모듈은 homo sapiens growth hormone (hGH, NCBI sequence ID: NG_011676.1)을 기준으로 한 뒤 bovine growth hormone (bGH)와 조합하여 minimal synthetic polyA signal을 만들었다.The minimal synthetic polyA module was based on homo sapiens growth hormone (hGH, NCBI sequence ID: NG_011676.1) and then combined with bovine growth hormone (bGH) to create a minimal synthetic polyA signal.

일차적으로 전체 길이 476 bp에서 polyA signal의 기능을 나타내는데 반드시 필요할 것으로 예측되는 길이의 truncated hGH (T-hGH)을 제작하였다. First, truncated hGH (T-hGH) with a length predicted to be absolutely necessary to express the function of the polyA signal was prepared with a total length of 476 bp.

T-hGH 염기서열을 기능적으로 총 5개 region으로 x region (poly A signal 앞), y region (poly A signal과 cleavage site 중간), z region(cleavage site 뒤)으로 부분을 나누어 구분하였다. x, y. z 부분은 bGH의 seq와 비교, 일부 염기 (base)를 변경(switch)하였다. 추가적으로 y region의 특정 염기서열에 변형을 준 염기서열(sequence)를 적용한 다양한 모듈을 제작하였다. The T-hGH nucleotide sequence was functionally classified into a total of five regions by dividing them into x region (in front of poly A signal), y region (middle of poly A signal and cleavage site), and z region (behind cleavage site). x, y. The z part was compared with the seq of bGH, and some bases were switched. In addition, various modules were produced by applying a modified nucleotide sequence to a specific nucleotide sequence of the y region.

각 모듈들은 염기서열 합성 및 PCR을 통해 제작하였으며, poly A signal의 유전자 발현 특성은 pGL3-pCMV vector에 제한 효소 XbaI와 BamHI으로 클로닝하여 firefly-luciferase의 활성을 정량적으로 측정함으로써 판정하였다.Each module was prepared through nucleotide sequence synthesis and PCR, and the gene expression characteristics of the poly A signal were determined by cloning with the restriction enzymes XbaI and BamHI into the pGL3-pCMV vector and quantitatively measuring the activity of firefly-luciferase.

3) synthetic SD/SA 설계 3) synthetic SD/SA design

minimal synthetic splicing donor/ splicing acceptor(SD/SA) 모듈은 유전자 발현을 증가를 위해 도입하였다. pSP72-XP7-scAAV2-CMV-GFP(현재 실험실에서 사용 중인 GFP vector)의 SD/SA(207bp)를 기준으로 하였다. SD/SA의 기능을 나타내는데 반드시 필요할 것으로 예측되는 길이의 truncated SD/SA (T-SD/SA)를 제작하였으며, 기능적으로 좀 더 분석하여 SD site, branch site, Pyrimidine(Py)-rich site, SA site로 구분하였다.A minimal synthetic splicing donor/splicing acceptor (SD/SA) module was introduced to increase gene expression. SD/SA (207 bp) of pSP72-XP7-scAAV2-CMV-GFP (a GFP vector currently used in the laboratory) was used as a reference. A truncated SD/SA (T-SD/SA) with a length predicted to be necessary to represent the function of SD/SA was produced, and functionally further analyzed to determine SD site, branch site, Pyrimidine (Py)-rich site, SA classified by site.

구분한 각 부분을 돌연변이(mutation) 및 변형을 통해 다양한 신규 SD/SA 모듈을 만들었다. 각 모듈들은 염기서열 합성 및 PCR을 통해 제작하였으며, SD/SA의 유전자 발현 특성은 pGL3-pCMV vector에 제한 효소 NheI와 XhoI으로 클로닝하여 firefly-luciferase의 활성을 정량적으로 측정함으로써 판정하였다.Various new SD/SA modules were created through mutation and modification of each part. Each module was prepared through nucleotide sequence synthesis and PCR, and the gene expression characteristics of SD/SA were cloned into pGL3-pCMV vector with restriction enzymes NheI and XhoI, and firefly-luciferase activity was quantitatively measured.

4) 4) pLiverpLiver TMTM 설계 design

AAV 생산을 위해 공벡터(Empty vector)인 pSP72scAAVonlyITR에 앞서 설계한 AA1(제한효소 SnaBI/EcoRI로 클로닝), T-bSD/SA(제한효소 KpnI/BglII로 클로닝), T-xzhGH(제한효소 XbaI/SacI로 클로닝)를 도입하여 만들었다.AA1 (cloning with restriction enzymes SnaBI/EcoRI), T-bSD/SA (cloning with restriction enzymes KpnI/BglII), T-xzhGH (restriction enzymes XbaI/ Cloning with SacI) was introduced.

음성대조군, 즉 녹색 형광 단백질(green fluorescent protein; GFP)은 pSP72-scAAV2-GFP 벡터를 적용하였다. As a negative control, that is, green fluorescent protein (GFP), the pSP72-scAAV2-GFP vector was applied.

3. 형질전환 (3. Transformation ( transfectiontransfection ) 및 ) and luciferaseluciferase 활성 측정 active measurement

일시적 형질전환(transient transfection)을 위해 12-well 또는 6-well에 각종 세포를 하루동안 배양하였다. 배양한 세포에 클로닝으로 제작한 각종 플라스미드 (100-300 ng/6-well)와 renilla-luciferase를 발현하는 플라스미드 (20-50 ng/6-well)를 동시에 lipofectamine-2000을 이용하여 무혈청 배지에서 4시간 동안 처치 후 10% 우태아혈청이 포함된 신선한 배지로 배지를 바꾸어 주었다. 약 이틀 후 세포를 M-PER™ Mammalian Protein Extraction Reagent (78501, Thermo Scientific™)를 이용하여 용해(lysis) 하였다. firefly-luciferase, renilla-luciferase 활성은 Dual-Luciferase® Reporter Assay System(E1910, Promega)와 VICTORTMX4 Multilabel Plate Reader (PerkinElmer)를 이용하여 분석하였다. Luciferase 활성은 firefly luciferase 값을 기준으로 renilla-luciferase 값의 상대적인 분석을 통해 평가하였다. For transient transfection, various cells were cultured in 12-well or 6-well for one day. Various plasmids (100-300 ng/6-well) produced by cloning in cultured cells and plasmids expressing renilla-luciferase (20-50 ng/6-well) were simultaneously cloned in serum-free medium using lipofectamine-2000. After treatment for 4 hours, the medium was changed to a fresh medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. After about two days, cells were lysed using M-PER™ Mammalian Protein Extraction Reagent (78501, Thermo Scientific™). Firefly-luciferase and renilla-luciferase activities were analyzed using the Dual-Luciferase® Reporter Assay System (E1910, Promega) and VICTOR TM X4 Multilabel Plate Reader (PerkinElmer). Luciferase activity was evaluated through relative analysis of renilla-luciferase values based on firefly luciferase values.

4. 재조합 4. Recombination 아데노부속바이러스adeno-associated virus (recombinant (recombinant adenoadeno -associated virus) 생산 및 형질감염 (tranduction) -Associated virus production and transfection

rAAV의 생산에 대해 설명하면 다음과 같다, 즉 바이러스 생산용 플라스미드 총 3종을 PEI 복합체를 준비하여 293T 세포에 처치하였다. 약 이틀 후 세포의 독성이 확연해지면 세포와 배양액을 모두 회수하고 3-4회 반복적인 freeze-thaw 과정을 통해 바이러스를 회수한 후 분주하여 -80℃에서 저장하였다. 총 바이러스 입자의 수는 바이러스 게놈 특이적인 정량적 PCR(quantitative PCR) 분석을 통해 정량적으로 분석하였다.The production of rAAV is described as follows, namely, PEI complexes were prepared for a total of three plasmids for virus production and treated with 293T cells. After about two days, when the toxicity of the cells was evident, both the cells and the culture medium were recovered, and the virus was recovered through a freeze-thaw process repeated 3-4 times, and then aliquoted and stored at -80 ° C. The total number of viral particles was quantitatively analyzed through viral genome-specific quantitative PCR analysis.

5. 5. 웨스턴블랏western blot 분석 analyze

우선 단백질은 reducing SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)로 분리하였고, 이를 트렌스퍼 버퍼 (transfer buffer; 20% 메탄올, 25 mM Tris-HCl, 192 mM 글라이신)를 이용하여 플루오르화 폴리비닐리덴(polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF) 멤브레인으로 이동시켰다. 단백질이 이동된 멤브레인은 0.1% tween 20 및 5% 우태아혈청을 포함하는 TBS (Tris-buffered saline)로 블로킹 (blocking)시킨 후, 일차 항체로 반응시키고 HRP가 접합된 이차 항체 Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, West Grove, PA)로 반응시켰다. 멤브레인에 SuperSignal™ West Pico PLUS Chemiluminescent Substrate (34580, Thermo Scientific™)의 발색시약 Ⅰ과 Ⅱ를 1:1로 섞은 혼합액을 도포하고, 생체분자 영상 시스템 LAS-4000 (GE FUJIFILM)을 이용하여 단백질의 발현 정도를 관찰하였다. 실험에는 Anti-AGXT (HPA035370, Atlas antibodies), GFP (33-2600, Thermo Scientific™), Anti-beta Actin(AB6276, abcam) 항체를 사용하였다. First, proteins were separated by reducing SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), which was then transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride using transfer buffer (20% methanol, 25 mM Tris-HCl, 192 mM glycine). (polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF) membrane. The membrane onto which the protein was transferred was blocked with TBS (Tris-buffered saline) containing 0.1% tween 20 and 5% fetal bovine serum, followed by reaction with a primary antibody and HRP-conjugated secondary antibody Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, West Grove, PA). A mixture of SuperSignal™ West Pico PLUS Chemiluminescent Substrate (34580, Thermo Scientific™) color reagents Ⅰ and Ⅱ in a 1:1 ratio was applied to the membrane, and protein expression was performed using the biomolecular imaging system LAS-4000 (GE FUJIFILM) degree was observed. Anti-AGXT (HPA035370, Atlas antibodies), GFP (33-2600, Thermo Scientific™), and Anti-beta Actin (AB6276, abcam) antibodies were used in the experiment.

6. ICC 분석6. ICC analysis

면역세포화학(Immunocytochemistry; ICC) 분석을 위해, 6-well 기준 0.5×105 초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte)를 접종(seeding) 한 지 약 4시간 후에 AAV-pLiverTM-hAGXT (MOI=235,200)와 AD5 (MOI=5)로 동시에 감염시켰다. 이틀 후 4% 파라포름알데하이드(paraformaldehyde; PFA)에 담가 상온에서 20분 동안 고정하였고, 세포를 인산완충식염수(phosphate buffered saline; PBS)로 세척 후 1% 소혈청알부민(bovine serum albumin; BSA, 1322, Amresco)으로 1시간 반응시킨 후 Anti-AGXT (HPA035370, Atlas antibodies)를 1:200으로 희석하여 4℃에서 밤새도록(overnight; O/N) 처리하였다. 배양 플레이트를 수세한 후 anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor 555(A-31570, Thermo Scientific™)로 상온에서 1시간 반응시킨 후 배양 플레이트를 다시 수세한 후 형광 현미경 하에서 관찰하였다.For immunocytochemistry (ICC) analysis, AAV-pLiver TM -hAGXT (MOI=235,200) and AD5 were cultured about 4 hours after seeding 0.5×10 5 primary hepatocytes on a 6-well basis. (MOI=5) were infected simultaneously. Two days later, it was immersed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) and fixed at room temperature for 20 minutes, and the cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and then treated with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA, 1322). , Amresco) for 1 hour, and then treated with Anti-AGXT (HPA035370, Atlas antibodies) at a 1:200 dilution at 4°C overnight (O/N). After washing the culture plate with water, reacting with anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor 555 (A-31570, Thermo Scientific™) at room temperature for 1 hour, washing the culture plate again, and fluorescence Observed under a microscope.

음성 대조군으로는 초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte)에 바이러스 처치 없이 1차 항체와 2차 항체를 처치한 결과로 확인하였다(MT; 1'+2').As a negative control, primary hepatocytes were treated with primary and secondary antibodies without virus treatment (MT; 1'+2').

7. 통계 분석7. Statistical Analysis

모든 결과는 평균(mean)±표준 편차(SD)로 나타내었으며, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001의 값을 유의한 것으로 간주하였다. 통계 분석은 Prism5 (GraphPad, San Diego, CA, USA)을 사용하여 수행하였다.All results were expressed as mean±standard deviation (SD), and values of *p<0.05, **p<0.01, and ***p<0.001 were considered significant. Statistical analysis was performed using Prism5 (GraphPad, San Diego, CA, USA).

<< 실시예Example 1> 인체 유래 간 특이 합성 프로모터의 특성 분석 1> Characterization of human-derived liver-specific synthetic promoters

1. 간 특이 합성 프로모터 모듈의 구조 1. Structure of liver-specific synthetic promoter module

알파-1 안티트립신 코어 프로모터(alpha-1 antitrypsin core promoter)와 업스트림(upstream)에 알부민 인핸서(albumin enhancer)를 부착하여 구성하고, AA1 promoter로 명명하였다. AA1 promoter는 간 조직 특이적 발현을 유도하기 위한 promoter로 기존 논문들의 LP1 promoter 중 phAAT 부분 (alpha-1 antitrypsin core promoter; NCBI sequence ID : D38257.1)을 기반으로 하고, 새로이 Human Albumin Enhancer(NCBI sequence ID : M92816.1)를 업스트림(upstream)에 배치하여 발현 극대화를 꾀하였다. 이들 모두 인간 유래 유전자 발현 유도 모듈들이다. 실험적으로 이들의 활성을 비교하기 위해, 각 모듈은 luciferase 발현 벡터인 pGL3에 클로닝하였고, 비교군으로 사용하기 위해 기존 LP1 promoter과 truncated form인 T-LP1을 추가 제작하였다(도 1A).It was constructed by attaching an albumin enhancer to the alpha-1 antitrypsin core promoter and upstream, and named AA1 promoter. The AA1 promoter is a promoter for inducing liver tissue-specific expression, and is based on the phAAT part (alpha-1 antitrypsin core promoter; NCBI sequence ID: D38257.1) among the LP1 promoters of previous papers, and a new Human Albumin Enhancer (NCBI sequence ID: M92816.1) was placed upstream to maximize expression. All of these are human-derived gene expression inducing modules. To experimentally compare their activities, each module was cloned into pGL3, a luciferase expression vector, and an existing LP1 promoter and a truncated form of T-LP1 were additionally constructed to be used as a comparison group (Fig. 1A).

2. 간 특이 합성 프로모터의 간세포 특이 유전자 발현 2. Hepatocyte-specific gene expression of liver-specific synthetic promoters 유도능을induction 확인 check

Huh7, HepG2, MRC5, 293T, HeLa 세포에 AA1, LP1, T-LP1을 포함한 luciferase 발현 벡터를 처치하고, luciferase assay를 통해 발현을 확인하였다(도 1B). 그 결과는 다음과 같다.Huh7, HepG2, MRC5, 293T, and HeLa cells were treated with luciferase expression vectors including AA1, LP1, and T-LP1, and expression was confirmed by luciferase assay (FIG. 1B). the results are as follow.

1) AA1 promoter가 간세포 (Huh7)에서 매우 특이적으로 luciferase 활성을 유도하였다. Huh7에서의 활성 정도는 기존의 LP1과 유사한 수준이었다. 1) AA1 promoter induced luciferase activity very specifically in hepatocytes (Huh7). The degree of activity in Huh7 was similar to that of conventional LP1.

2) AA1 promoter는 LP1 promoter가 간세포 이외에 다른 세포에서도 상당한 활성을 나타내는 (293T: human embryonic kidney cells) 것에 반해, 간세포에서만 선택적 활성을 나타내는 효과를 나타냈다. 이는 AA1 promoter가 간세포 특이적 발현 활성이 기존의 LP1보다 뛰어남을 시사한다.2) The AA1 promoter showed a selective activity only in hepatocytes, whereas the LP1 promoter showed significant activity in other cells besides hepatocytes (293T: human embryonic kidney cells). This suggests that the AA1 promoter is superior to the existing LP1 in hepatocyte-specific expression activity.

3) AA1는 LP-1이 총 길이 547bp인데 반해 총 길이 427bp로 120bp 짧아, AAV 기반 벡터의 gene insertion capacity 측면에서 유리하다.3) AA1 has a total length of 427bp, 120bp shorter than that of LP-1, which is 547bp, which is advantageous in terms of gene insertion capacity of AAV-based vectors.

<< 실시예Example 2> 2> polypoly A signal module 특성 분석 A signal module characteristic analysis

1. 새롭게 고안된 1. Newly designed polyApolyA signal의 구조 및 변형형 Structure and transformation of signal

본 발명에서는 polyadenylation과 poly A cleavage에 대한 고찰을 바탕으로, 기존에 많은 벡터에서 사용 중인 비인간 유래의 SV40 또는 bGH (bovine growth hormone)이 아닌, 인체 유래의 polyA signal을 기반으로 그 특성을 개선하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 f-hGH (full-length human growth hormone)의 polyA signal을 구조적으로 분석하고 변형 및 최소화하여 다양한 변형형을 제작하였다.In the present invention, based on the consideration of polyadenylation and poly A cleavage, we tried to improve the characteristics based on the polyA signal derived from the human body, rather than the non-human SV40 or bGH (bovine growth hormone) used in many vectors. . To this end, the polyA signal of f-hGH (full-length human growth hormone) was structurally analyzed, and various modified forms were prepared by modifying and minimizing.

일차적으로 전체 길이 476bp의 human growth hormone의 polyA signal에서 기능을 나타내는데 반드시 필요할 것으로 예측되는 부분만 가진 truncated hGH (T-hGH)을 제작하였다. T-hGH은 f-hGH이 476bp인데 반해, 275bp가 짧은 201bp의 길이를 가진다. 이는 AAV 기반 벡터의 gene insertion capacity 측면에서 유리할 수 있다.First, truncated hGH (T-hGH) with only a portion predicted to be essential for functioning in the polyA signal of human growth hormone with a total length of 476 bp was prepared. T-hGH has a length of 201 bp, which is 275 bp shorter than f-hGH, which is 476 bp. This may be advantageous in terms of the gene insertion capacity of AAV-based vectors.

다음으로, T-hGH 염기서열을 기능적으로 총 5개 영역으로 구분하였다. hGH polyA signal을 중심으로 x region (polyA signal 앞), y region (polyA signal과 cleavage site 중간), z region(cleavage site 뒤)으로 부분을 나누어 구분하였다. x, y. z 부분은 bGH의 seq와 비교, 일부 염기 (base)를 변경(switch) 하였다. 또한 y region의 특정 염기서열이 polyA signal region의 안정화를 유도하는데 기여한다는 문헌을 참고하여 y region에 변형을 준 염기서열(sequence)를 적용한 다양한 모듈을 제작하였다. 변형을 가한 모듈들은 회색 박스 처리하였다(도 2A).Next, the T-hGH nucleotide sequence was functionally divided into a total of 5 regions. The hGH polyA signal was divided into x region (in front of polyA signal), y region (middle of polyA signal and cleavage site), and z region (behind cleavage site). x, y. The z part was compared with the seq of bGH, and some bases were switched. In addition, referring to the literature that a specific nucleotide sequence of the y region contributes to inducing stabilization of the polyA signal region, various modules were fabricated by applying a modified nucleotide sequence to the y region. The modified modules are gray boxed (Fig. 2A).

2. 2. polyApolyA signal의 유전자 발현 조절 효과 확인 Confirmation of gene expression regulation effect of signal

상기에서 고안한 polyA signal의 다양한 변형형은 luciferase 발현 벡터인 pGL3에 클로닝하였고, luciferase assay를 통해 유전자 발현 활성을 확인하였다. Various modified forms of the polyA signal designed above were cloned into pGL3, a luciferase expression vector, and gene expression activity was confirmed through luciferase assay.

그 결과, 길이를 최소화하고, 구역별로 다양한 변형을 가한 여러 변형형 중에서 T-xzhGH의 유전자 발현 활성 정도가 가장 좋았으며, 그 정도는 기존의 f-hGH에 준하는 정도의 유전자 발현 활성을 보였다. polyA signal의 길이도 기존보다 약 250bp 정도 줄여 최소화함으로써 AAV 기반 벡터에 적용 시 유리한 점을 확보하였다(도 2B).As a result, T-xzhGH showed the highest level of gene expression activity among several variants in which the length was minimized and various modifications were applied to each section, and the level of gene expression activity was comparable to that of conventional f-hGH. By minimizing the length of the polyA signal by about 250 bp less than before, an advantage was secured when applied to AAV-based vectors (Fig. 2B).

<< 실시예Example 3> synthetic splicing donor/acceptor (SD/SA) module 특성 분석 3> Analysis of synthetic splicing donor/acceptor (SD/SA) module characteristics

1. synthetic enhanced module의 구조 및 변형형1. Structure and variant of synthetic enhanced module

본 발명에서는 유전자 발현을 증가시키기 위하여, splicing donor/acceptor 부분을 도입하였다. SD/SA는 pSP72-XP87-scAAV2-CMV-GFP (본 발명들이 개발한 AAV 용 GFP 유전자 발현 벡터)의 SD/SA (207bp)를 기준으로 삼아 개발하였다. In the present invention, in order to increase gene expression, a splicing donor/acceptor portion was introduced. SD/SA was developed based on SD/SA (207 bp) of pSP72-XP87-scAAV2-CMV-GFP (a GFP gene expression vector for AAV developed by the present invention).

전체 길이 207bp에서 SD/SA의 기능을 나타내는데 반드시 필요할 것으로 예측되는 부분만 추출하여 truncated SD/SA (T-SD/SA)를 먼저 제작하였다. T-SD/SA는 기존의 SD/SA와 비교하여 106bp가 짧은 길이를 가진다. 이는 AAV 기반 벡터에 적용 시 gene insertion capacity 측면에서 유리할 수 있다.A truncated SD/SA (T-SD/SA) was first prepared by extracting only the part predicted to be absolutely necessary to represent the function of SD/SA from a total length of 207 bp. T-SD/SA has a shorter length by 106 bp compared to conventional SD/SA. This can be advantageous in terms of gene insertion capacity when applied to AAV-based vectors.

T-SD/SA sequence를 기능적으로 좀 더 분석하여, SD site, branch site, Pyrimidine-rich site (Py-rich site), SA site로 구분하였다. 이렇게 구분한 각 부분을 돌연변이(mutation) 및 변형을 통해 다양한 신규 SD/SA 모듈을 만들었다. 변형을 가한 모듈들은 회색 박스 처리하였다(도 3A).The T-SD/SA sequence was further analyzed functionally and classified into SD site, branch site, Pyrimidine-rich site (Py-rich site), and SA site. Various new SD/SA modules were created through mutation and modification of each part classified in this way. The modified modules are gray boxed (Fig. 3A).

2. synthetic SD/SA 변형형들의 유전자 발현 활성 조사2. Investigation of gene expression activity of synthetic SD/SA variants

최소화 및 다양한 변형형의 SD/SA 모듈은 luciferase가 발현되는 pGL3 클로닝하여 luciferase 발현 정도로 활성 조절기능을 확인하였다.Minimized and variously modified SD/SA modules were cloned into pGL3 where luciferase is expressed, and the activity control function was confirmed by the degree of luciferase expression.

그 결과, 다양한 모듈 변형체 중 T-bSD/SA가 f-SD/SA와 거의 동일한 수준의 안정적인 유전자 발현을 유도하는 것이 확인되었기에 이를 활용하기로 하였다(도 3B).As a result, it was confirmed that among the various modular variants, T-bSD/SA induced stable gene expression at almost the same level as f-SD/SA, so it was decided to utilize this (Fig. 3B).

<< 실시예Example 4> 각 모듈의 최적화 조합을 통한 4> Through optimized combination of each module 간조직liver tissue 특이적 발현 카세트 특성 분석 Specific expression cassette characterization

1. 각 모듈의 최적화 조합체 구조1. Optimized combination structure of each module

상기에서 얻은 각 모듈의 결과들을 토대로 promoter, polyA signal, SD/SA 부분을 다양한 순서로 조합하였다. 이를 통해 만들어진 유전자 발현 모듈들에 luciferase를 클로닝하여 유전자 발현 활성 정도를 확인하고자 하였다(도 4A). Based on the results of each module obtained above, the promoter, polyA signal, and SD/SA parts were combined in various orders. The degree of gene expression activity was confirmed by cloning luciferase into the gene expression modules created through this (FIG. 4A).

pAA1(promoter와 polyA signal만 조합), pS-AA1 (유전자의 앞쪽에 SD/SA 위치, promoter, SD/SA, 유전자, polyA signal 순), pAA1-S (유전자의 뒤쪽에 SD/SA 위치, promoter, 유전자, SD/SA, polyA signal 순)pAA1 (combination of promoter and polyA signal only), pS-AA1 (SD/SA location in front of gene, promoter, SD/SA, gene, polyA signal in order), pAA1-S (SD/SA location behind gene, promoter , gene, SD/SA, polyA signal in order)

2. 각 조합체 구조들의 유전자 발현 활성 조사2. Investigation of gene expression activity of each combination structure

Luciferase assay를 통해 각 모듈에 의한 luciferase 발현 정도를 여러 조직 유래의 세포주에서 확인하여, 간세포 특이적 발현 유도능을 평가하였다. Through the luciferase assay, the level of luciferase expression by each module was confirmed in cell lines derived from various tissues, and the ability to induce hepatocyte-specific expression was evaluated.

이를 통해 간세포인 Huh7에서 개발한 모듈 중 pAA1, pS-AA1에 의한 유전자 발현이 특이적으로 매우 증가함을 확인하였다.Through this, it was confirmed that the gene expression by pAA1 and pS-AA1 among the modules developed in Huh7, a hepatocyte, specifically increased significantly.

특히, pS-AA1 모듈에 의한 유전자 발현이 간세포 특이적으로 가장 강력한 것을 확인하여, 이 모듈을 최종적으로 간 특이 유전자 발현용 모듈로 결정하였다. 이를 pLiverTM이라 명명하였다(도 4B).In particular, it was confirmed that gene expression by the pS-AA1 module was the most robust in hepatocyte-specificity, and this module was finally determined as a module for liver-specific gene expression. This was named pLiver TM (FIG. 4B).

3. pS-AA1 (3. pS-AA1 ( pLiverpLiver TMTM )의 초대 간세포(primary ) of primary hepatocytes (primary hepatocytehepatocyte ) 특이 유전자 발현 활성 조사) Investigation of specific gene expression activity

pS-AA1 (pLiverTM) 모듈의 간 조직 특이적 발현을 C57BL/6 생쥐의 간으로부터 확보한 초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte)를 대상으로 실험하여 종양세포가 아닌 정상 간세포에서도 유전자 발현을 효과적으로 유도할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다(도 4C).Gene expression can be effectively induced in normal hepatocytes, not tumor cells, by testing the liver tissue-specific expression of the pS-AA1 (pLiver TM ) module on primary hepatocytes obtained from the liver of C57BL/6 mice. was confirmed (Fig. 4C).

<< 실시예Example 5> 5> pLiverpLiver TMTM 의존적 치료 유전자 발현 확인Confirmation of dependent therapeutic gene expression

본 발명에서 개발된 모듈은 바이러스 벡터에 탑재하여 유전성 간질환 치료제 개발을 위해 이용 가능하다. 이러한 가능성을 확인하기 위해 pS-AA1(pLiverTM로 칭함) 모듈이 포함된 AAV 벡터에 치료용 표적 유전자 AGXT를 클로닝하여 간조직에서 실제 유전자 발현을 확인하기 위해 다음과 같은 실험을 수행하였다.The module developed in the present invention can be loaded into a viral vector and used for the development of a treatment for hereditary liver disease. To confirm this possibility, the following experiment was performed to confirm the actual gene expression in liver tissue by cloning the target gene AGXT for treatment into an AAV vector containing the pS-AA1 (referred to as pLiver TM ) module.

1. pS-AA1 (1. pS-AA1 ( pLiverpLiver TMTM ) -) - hAGXThAGXT 발현 벡터의 구조 Structure of expression vectors

상기의 결과를 토대로 AAV 기반 벡터에 pLiverTM을 탑재하고 표적 유전자로 human AGXT (hAGXT) 유전자를 클로닝하여 간세포 특이적 hAGXT 발현이 가능한 벡터를 제작하였다(도 6). 다음 AAV 생산 기법을 통해 AAV-pLiverTM-hAGXT 바이러스를 생산하였다. 도 4C에서와 마찬가지 방법으로 초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte)를 얻고, 여기에 AAV-pLiverTM-hAGXT 바이러스를 처치하여 hAGXT의 효과적인 발현을 확인하였다. 이때 사용한 생쥐는 이전 연구와는 달리 AGXT가 K/O된 생쥐를 대상으로 하였고, 음성 대조군으로는 GFP를 발현하는 AAV-GFP 바이러스를 적용하였다(도 5A).Based on the above results, an AAV-based vector was loaded with pLiver TM and the human AGXT (hAGXT) gene was cloned as a target gene to construct a vector capable of expressing hepatocyte-specific hAGXT (FIG. 6). AAV-pLiver TM -hAGXT virus was produced through the following AAV production technique. Primary hepatocytes were obtained in the same manner as in FIG. 4C and treated with AAV-pLiver TM -hAGXT virus to confirm effective expression of hAGXT. Unlike previous studies, the mice used at this time were AGXT K/O mice, and AAV-GFP virus expressing GFP was applied as a negative control group (FIG. 5A).

2. 초대 간세포(primary 2. Primary hepatocytes (primary hepatocyteshepatocytes )에서 )at hAGXT의hAGXT 발현 확인 (Western blotting 실험법) Expression confirmation (Western blotting method)

pLiverTM 특이적 즉 간세포 특이적 유전-대사성 간질환 치료용 유전자 hAGXT의 발현을 확인하기 위해서, 6-well에 배양한 AGXT가 K/O된 초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte)를 아래와 같은 조건으로 바이러스를 처치하고 이틀 후 세포를 회수하였고, WB을 시행하였다. 바이러스 감염 효율을 확인하기 위해 AAV-GFP를 따로 처치한 실험군을 준비하였다. AGXT KO mouse에서 얻은 초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte)에서는 AGXT 단백질이 발현되지 않았다(도 5B).In order to confirm the expression of pLiver TM- specific, that is, hepatocyte-specific hereditary-metabolic liver disease treatment gene hAGXT, AGXT K/O cultured primary hepatocytes cultured in 6-well were treated with the virus under the following conditions After two days, the cells were harvested and WB was performed. In order to confirm the virus infection efficiency, an experimental group treated separately with AAV-GFP was prepared. AGXT protein was not expressed in primary hepatocytes obtained from AGXT KO mice (FIG. 5B).

실험 조건: ~0.5×105 cells/6-well (MOI: AAV=235,200 + AD5=5)Experiment conditions: ~0.5×10 5 cells/6-well (MOI: AAV=235,200 + AD5=5)

1st antibody : hAGXT : #HAP035370 (Atlas antibodies) 1 : 1,000 1st antibody: hAGXT: #HAP035370 (Atlas antibodies) 1: 1,000

3. 면역세포화학(3. Immunocytochemistry ( ImmunocytochemistryImmunocytochemistry ; ICC) 분석을 통한 ; ICC) analysis hAGXT의hAGXT 발현 확인 expression confirmation

도 5B와 같은 조건으로 샘플을 준비하였다. 즉, AGXT KO mouse에서 얻은 초대 간세포(primary hepatocyte)에 AAV-pLiverTM-hAGXT를 AD5와 함께 처리한 후 세포를 고정시키고 ICC를 시행하였다. 바이러스 감염 효율을 확인하기 위해 AAV-GFP를 따로 처치한 실험군을 준비하였다.Samples were prepared under the same conditions as in FIG. 5B. That is, primary hepatocytes obtained from AGXT KO mice were treated with AAV-pLiver TM -hAGXT together with AD5, the cells were fixed, and ICC was performed. In order to confirm the virus infection efficiency, an experimental group treated separately with AAV-GFP was prepared.

실험 결과는 다음과 같다(도 5C). The experimental results are as follows (Fig. 5C).

1) AAV-GFP 음성 대조군 바이러스를 처치한 세포에서만 특징적으로 AAV 바이러스 감염에 의한 GFP 단백질 발현을 확인할 수 있었다.1) Characteristically, GFP protein expression due to AAV virus infection was confirmed only in cells treated with the AAV-GFP negative control virus.

2) AGXT가 발현되지 않는 AGXT KO mouse에서 얻은 간세포(hepatocyte)에서, AAV-pLiverTM-hAGXT 처리 의존적으로 상당한 수준의 AGXT 발현을 WB 및 ICC에서 모두 확인할 수 있었다. 2) In hepatocytes obtained from AGXT KO mice in which AGXT is not expressed, a significant level of AGXT expression was confirmed in both WB and ICC, depending on AAV-pLiver TM -hAGXT treatment.

이러한 결과를 종합적으로 볼 때, 본 발명을 통해 간 조직 특이성을 가지며 기능이 개선된 새로운 유전자 발현용 벡터를 성공적으로 개발하였음을 증명할 수 있었다. 특히 인간 유래 프로모터 및 polyA signal을 기반으로 함으로써 인간 세포에서의 발현 유도능의 최적화를 도모하였다. In view of these results, it was proved that the present invention successfully developed a new gene expression vector having liver tissue specificity and improved function. In particular, optimization of expression inducing ability in human cells was sought by using the human-derived promoter and polyA signal as the basis.

나아가 각 모듈의 길이를 최소화함으로써 AAV 기반 벡터의 간 특이 유전자 발현 유도 시 gene insertion capacity가 크게 개선되는 효과를 얻은 점은 유전-대사성 간질환 대상 AAV 벡터 개발 시 활용 가치가 매우 높을 수 있음을 시사한다.Furthermore, by minimizing the length of each module, the fact that the gene insertion capacity was greatly improved when inducing liver-specific gene expression of AAV-based vectors suggests that the use value can be very high in the development of AAV vectors for hereditary-metabolic liver diseases. .

이상으로 본 발명의 특정한 부분을 상세히 기술하였는 바, 당업계의 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어서 이러한 구체적인 기술은 단지 바람직한 구현 예일 뿐이며, 이에 본 발명의 범위가 제한되는 것이 아닌 점은 명백하다. 따라서, 본 발명의 실질적인 범위는 첨부된 청구항과 그의 등가물에 의하여 정의된다고 할 것이다.Having described specific parts of the present invention in detail above, it is clear that these specific techniques are only preferred embodiments for those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

<110> THE ASAN FOUNDATION University of Ulsan Foundation For Industry Cooperation <120> Liver-specific gene expression cassette based on human-derived gene expression induction module <130> ADP-2020-0491 <160> 3 <170> KopatentIn 2.0 <210> 1 <211> 427 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> liver-specific minimal promoter <400> 1 tggactaata ttattctttt catttgttaa atgaaaaagt atgcacaaag tatatgtgag 60 agtgacaaag gcctgaattt gtcaattagt aacaattgta ttcaacagta aggattttat 120 gtttgggtag gcctttccca gggacttcta caaggaaaaa gctagagttg gttactgact 180 tctaataaat aatgcctaca atttctagga agttaaaagt tgaatgactc ctttcggtaa 240 gtgcagtgga agctgtacac tgcccaggca aagcgtccgg gcagcgtagg cgggcgactc 300 agatcccagc cagtggactt agcccctgtt tgctcctccg ataactgggg tgaccttggt 360 taatattcac cagcagcctc ccccgttgcc cctctggatc cactgcttaa atacggacga 420 ggacagg 427 <210> 2 <211> 101 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> T-bSD/SA <400> 2 ctggtaagtt tagtcttttt gtcttttatt tcaggtcccc gatccggtgg tggtgcaaac 60 atcgacactg ctcctcagtg gatgttgcct ttacttctag g 101 <210> 3 <211> 201 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> T-xzhGH polyA signal <400> 3 agttgccagc catctgtccc ctcccccgtg ccttccttga ccctggaagg tgccactcca 60 gtgcccactg tccttgtcct aataaaatta agttgcatca ttttgtctga ctaggtgtca 120 ttctattctg gtatggggtg gggtggggca ggacggagca agggggaggt tgggaagaca 180 acctagcagg catgctgggg a 201 <110> THE ASAN FOUNDATION University of Ulsan Foundation For Industry Cooperation <120> Liver-specific gene expression cassette based on human-derived gene expression induction module <130> ADP-2020-0491 <160> 3 <170> KopatentIn 2.0 <210> 1 <211> 427 <212> DNA <213> artificial sequence <220> <223> liver-specific minimal promoter <400> 1 tggactaata ttattctttt catttgttaa atgaaaaagt atgcacaaag tatatgtgag 60 agtgacaaag gcctgaattt gtcaattagt aacaattgta ttcaacagta aggattttat 120 gtttgggtag gcctttccca gggacttcta caaggaaaaa gctagagttg gttactgact 180 tctaataaat aatgcctaca atttctagga agttaaaagt tgaatgactc ctttcggtaa 240 gtgcagtgga agctgtacac tgcccaggca aagcgtccgg gcagcgtagg cgggcgactc 300 agatcccagc cagtggactt agcccctgtt tgctcctccg ataactgggg tgaccttggt 360 taatattcac cagcagcctc ccccgttgcc cctctggatc cactgcttaa atacggacga 420 ggacagg 427 <210> 2 <211> 101 <212> DNA <213> artificial sequence <220> <223> T-bSD/SA <400> 2 ctggtaagtt tagtcttttt gtcttttatt tcaggtcccc gatccggtgg tggtgcaaac 60 atcgacactg ctcctcagtg gatgttgcct ttacttctag g 101 <210> 3 <211> 201 <212> DNA <213> artificial sequence <220> <223> T-xzhGH polyA signal <400> 3 agttgccagc catctgtccc ctcccccgtg ccttccttga ccctggaagg tgccactcca 60 gtgcccactg tccttgtcct aataaaatta agttgcatca ttttgtctga ctaggtgtca 120 ttctattctg gtatggggtg gggtggggca ggacggagca agggggaggt tgggaagaca 180 acctagcagg catgctgggg a 201

Claims (8)

서열번호 1로 표시되는 간 특이적 프로모터 유전자, 서열번호 2로 표시되는 스플라이싱 도너/어셉터(splicing donor/acceptor; SD/SA) 유전자, 발현 목적 유전자 및 서열번호 3으로 표시되는 polyA signal 유전자를 순서대로 포함하는 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트.Liver-specific promoter gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 1, splicing donor / acceptor (SD / SA) gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, expression target gene, and polyA signal gene represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 Liver-specific gene expression cassette comprising in order. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 발현 목적 유전자는 인간 알라닌-글리옥실레이트 및 세린-피루베이트 아미노트랜스퍼레이즈(human alanine-glyoxylate and serine-pyruvate aminotransferase; hAGXT)인 것을 특징으로 하는 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트.The liver-specific gene expression cassette according to claim 1, wherein the target gene is human alanine-glyoxylate and serine-pyruvate aminotransferase (hAGXT). . 제1항 또는 제2항의 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 카세트를 포함하는 재조합 발현 벡터.A recombinant expression vector comprising the liver-specific gene expression cassette of claim 1 or 2. 제3항에 있어서, 상기 재조합 발현 벡터는 아데노 관련 바이러스(Adeno-associated virus; AAV) 기반 재조합 발현 벡터인 것을 특징으로 하는 재조합 발현 벡터.The recombinant expression vector according to claim 3, wherein the recombinant expression vector is an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based recombinant expression vector. 제4항에 있어서, 상기 재조합 발현 벡터는 도 6의 개열지도를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 재조합 발현 벡터.The recombinant expression vector according to claim 4, wherein the recombinant expression vector has the cleavage map of FIG. 6. 제3항에 따른 재조합 발현 벡터로 형질감염된 세포주.A cell line transfected with the recombinant expression vector according to claim 3. 제6항에 따른 세포주로부터 생산된 재조합 아데노 관련 바이러스(Recombinant Adeno-associated virus; rAAV) 입자.Recombinant Adeno-associated virus (rAAV) particles produced from the cell line according to claim 6. 제3항에 따른 재조합 발현 벡터를 유효성분으로 포함하는 간 특이적 유전자 발현용 조성물.A liver-specific gene expression composition comprising the recombinant expression vector according to claim 3 as an active ingredient.
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