KR102509623B1 - Ultrasonic flow meter for measuring fluid velocity in porous material, and fluid velocity measurement method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ultrasonic flowmeter for measuring fluid velocity in a porous elastic material, and a fluid velocity measuring method and apparatus using the same. According to the present invention, a plurality of transmission and reception units including an oscillator and an amplifier for receiving and amplifying an oscillator for generating an ultrasonic signal and inserted into a porous elastic material through which fluid flows; And a measuring unit for measuring the speed of the fluid using an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point among ultrasonic signals received at different points in time by each of the plurality of transceivers, wherein the plurality of transceivers, first and third A first pair including a transceiver, and a second pair including second and fourth transceivers, wherein the measuring unit includes an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time by each of the first and third transceivers included in the first pair. Calculating the speed of the fluid using a first speed calculated using a second speed calculated using an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in each of the second and fourth transceivers included in the second pair An ultrasonic flow meter is provided.

Description

Ultrasonic flow meter for measuring fluid velocity in porous elastic material, and fluid velocity measurement method and apparatus using same

The present invention relates to an ultrasonic flowmeter for measuring fluid velocity in a porous elastic material, and a fluid velocity measuring method and apparatus using the same.

The ultrasonic flowmeter emits ultrasonic signals to the flow of fluid from the outside of the pipe and uses a method to obtain the flow rate by capturing the transmitted wave or the reflected wave changed by the flow rate from the outside of the pipe.

Ultrasonic flowmeters are divided into the propagation velocity difference method and the Doppler method according to the measurement method, and are also divided into dry and wet types depending on whether the sensor is installed directly inside the pipe or installed using a clamp outside the pipe.

However, conventionally, in porous elastic materials, ultrasonic flowmeters have not been provided for predicting the flow of gas or groundwater in lipids or for analyzing the response by fluid flow of cells attached to the scaffold when conducting cell experiments in biotissue engineering. There is a situation.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1997-236462

In order to solve the above problems of the prior art, the present invention is to propose an ultrasonic flowmeter for measuring the fluid velocity in a porous elastic material, and a fluid velocity measuring method and apparatus using the same.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an ultrasonic flowmeter is inserted into a porous elastic material through which a fluid flows and includes an oscillator for generating an ultrasonic signal and an amplifier for receiving and amplifying the ultrasonic signal a plurality of transceivers; And a measuring unit for measuring the speed of the fluid using an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point among ultrasonic signals received at different points in time by each of the plurality of transceivers, wherein the plurality of transceivers, first and third A first pair including a transceiver, and a second pair including second and fourth transceivers, wherein the measuring unit includes an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time by each of the first and third transceivers included in the first pair. Calculating the speed of the fluid using a first speed calculated using a second speed calculated using an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in each of the second and fourth transceivers included in the second pair An ultrasonic flow meter is provided.

A line segment extending the first and third transceivers and a line segment extending the second and fourth transceivers may form a right angle.

The first transceiver and the second transceiver are spaced apart from each other in a first direction, and the second transceiver and the third transceiver are spaced apart from each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The unit may be spaced apart from the first transceiver in the second direction.

The measurement unit may adjust timing such that the transceiver included in the first pair and the transceiver included in the second pair generate ultrasonic signals at different times.

The first speed is calculated using a difference between the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the first transceiver and the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the third transceiver, and the second speed is the second speed. It may be calculated using a difference between the speed of an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the transceiver and the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the fourth transceiver.

The measuring unit may determine the direction of the fluid using a ratio of the first speed and the second speed.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a device connected to a plurality of transceivers including an oscillator for generating an ultrasonic signal and an amplifier for receiving and amplifying an ultrasonic signal inserted into a porous elastic material through which a fluid flows, comprising: a processor; and a memory connected to the processor, wherein the memory uses a speed of an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time among ultrasonic signals received at different time points in each of the first and third transceivers included in the first pair. to calculate the first speed in the first pair, and use the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point among the ultrasonic signals received at different points in each of the second and fourth transceivers included in the second pair storing program instructions executable by the processor to calculate a second velocity in the second pair, and to calculate a velocity of the fluid using the first and second velocities; A speed measurement device is provided.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the velocity of the fluid is inserted into the porous elastic material through which the fluid flows and connected to a plurality of transceivers including an oscillator generating an ultrasonic signal and an amplifier receiving and amplifying the ultrasonic signal. A method for measuring , using a speed of an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time among ultrasonic signals received at different time points in each of the first and third transceivers included in the first pair to determine the first signal in the first pair. calculating speed; Calculating a second velocity in the second pair by using a velocity of an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point among ultrasonic signals received at different time points in each of the second and fourth transceivers included in the second pair; and calculating the velocity of the fluid using the first velocity and the second velocity.

According to the present invention, there is an advantage in that the velocity of the fluid can be accurately measured using the velocity of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the transceiver unit forming a pair in the orthogonal direction among the plurality of transceiver units.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an ultrasonic flowmeter for measuring the fluid velocity in a porous elastic material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a transmission/reception unit and a measurement unit according to the present embodiment.
3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the measuring unit according to the present embodiment.

Since the present invention can make various changes and have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail.

However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an ultrasonic flowmeter for measuring the velocity of a fluid in a porous elastic material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the configuration of a transceiver and a measurement unit according to this embodiment. it is a drawing

As shown in FIG. 1 , the ultrasonic flowmeter according to this embodiment may include a plurality of transceivers 102-1 to 102-4 inserted into the porous elastic material 100.

Each transceiver 102 may have a rod shape, and as shown in FIG. 2, the oscillator 200 and other transceivers generate an ultrasonic signal and receive an ultrasonic signal received by passing through a porous elastic material. It may include an amplifier 202 that amplifies.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oscillator 200 and the amplifier 202 are preferably disposed on the surface of the main body shown in FIG.

This is because, when the oscillator 200 and the amplifier 202 are inside the main body, the speed changes due to the physical properties of the housing, making it difficult to accurately measure the values.

In the case of measuring the velocity of the fluid in the lipid according to the present embodiment, there is no problem in size, but in the case of measuring the velocity in the scaffold and the small sample, the oscillator 200 and the amplifier are used in one rod. It is preferable that 202 is arranged in the vertical direction.

In the case of arranging in the vertical direction, the width of the housing may be reduced compared to arranging in the left and right directions, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

Here, the ultrasound signal may be a single pulse signal.

Here, the porous elastic material is a material that has a plurality of pores and allows fluid to flow between the pores, and may be a biological tissue including lipids or cells through which gas or groundwater flows.

1, a first transceiver 102-1 and a third transceiver 102-3 form a pair (first pair), and a second transceiver 102-2 and a fourth transceiver (102-4) form one pair (second pair).

The measurement unit 210 measures the first speed and the second pair calculated using the ultrasonic signals received at slow points in each of the first and third transceivers 102-1 and 102-3 included in the first pair. The speed of the fluid in the porous elastic material is calculated using the second speed calculated using the ultrasonic signal received at the slow time in each of the included second and fourth transceivers 102-2 and 102-4.

Preferably, a line segment extending the first and third transceivers 102-1 and 102-3 and a line segment extending the second and fourth transceivers 102-2 and 102-4 form a right angle.

More specifically, the first transceiver 102-1 and the second transceiver 102-2 are spaced apart in a first direction (eg, horizontal direction), and the second transceiver 102-2 and the third transceiver 102-3 are spaced apart in a second direction (eg, vertical direction) perpendicular to the first direction, and the fourth transceiver 102-4 includes the first transceiver 102 -1) and are spaced apart from each other in the second direction.

In this embodiment, among at least four transceivers for generating and receiving ultrasonic signals within a porous elastic material, two transceivers disposed at right angles to each other are set as a pair, and ultrasonic signals received at different times in each pair are set. The speed of the fluid is calculated using the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at the slowest point in time.

In the porous elastic material as shown in FIG. 1, each transceiver 102 receives the ultrasonic signal at different times depending on whether the ultrasonic signal passes through the fluid or the fluid-solid joint, and the present invention It was confirmed that the speed of the fluid can be accurately measured using the ultrasonic signal received at the slow time point passing through the double fluid.

In order to use the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the transceiver 102 constituting the pair, the measurement unit 210 is configured to transmit and receive the transceivers 102-1 and 102-3 included in the first pair and the second pair. The transceivers 102-2 and 102-4 included in may perform control to adjust the timing so that ultrasonic signals are generated at different times.

For example, the measurer 210 may control transmission and reception of ultrasound signals in the second pair after completion of transmission and reception of ultrasound signals in the first pair.

The measuring unit 210 controls the time of generation of the ultrasonic signal of each transceiver 102 and calculates the speed of the fluid using the ultrasonic signal received through the amplifier 202 .

3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the measuring unit according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the measuring unit (flow rate measuring device) according to the present embodiment may include a processor 300 and a memory 302 .

Here, the processor 300 may include a central processing unit (CPU) capable of executing a computer program or other virtual machines.

Memory 302 may include a non-volatile storage device such as a non-removable hard drive or a removable storage device. The removable storage device may include a compact flash unit, a USB memory stick, and the like. Memory 302 may also include volatile memory, such as various random access memories.

Program instructions executable by the processor 300 are stored in such a memory 302 .

The program instructions according to the present embodiment are performed by using the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at the slow time point in each of the first and third transceivers 102-1 and 102-3 included in the first pair to transmit the first signal in the first pair. Calculate the speed, and calculate the second speed in the second pair using the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at the slow time in each of the second and fourth transceivers 102-2 and 102-4 included in the second pair. And, the velocity of the fluid is calculated using the first velocity and the second velocity.

In addition, the program instructions calculate a first speed using a difference between the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the first transceiver and the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the third transceiver, and the second transceiver. The second speed is calculated using a difference between the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the unit and the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the fourth transceiver.

Furthermore, program instructions according to this embodiment may determine the direction of the fluid flowing in the porous elastic material using the ratio of the first speed and the second speed.

According to this embodiment, the speed (flow rate) of the fluid in the porous elastic material in the direction of ultrasonic radiation is measured using the ultrasonic signal received at a slow point in the porous elasticity theory.

Hereinafter, the porosity elasticity theory for flow rate measurement will be described in detail.

The given equation of the porosity theory is:

로 표시되며,

는 유체의 점도, K는 유체가 가진 투과성을 나타낸다.

는 다공성을 나타낸다. 여기서,

로 정의하며, 다공탄성계수 P, Q, R은 다음과 같이 주어진다. Here, N, R, Q and A are constants given in the porous elasticity theory, and u and U correspond to the displacement of the solid part and the fluid part in the porous elastic material. Differentiating this once means the speed. constant b is

is indicated by

is the viscosity of the fluid, and K is the permeability of the fluid.

represents porosity. here,

, and the porosity modulus P, Q, and R are given as follows.

는 각각 고체의 부피탄성률 (bulk modulus), 유체의 부피탄성율, 그리고 다공체의 부피탄성률이다. here

are the bulk modulus of the solid, the bulk modulus of the fluid, and the bulk modulus of the porous body, respectively.

와

로 주어진다. Assuming that displacements u and U of given solids and fluids are periodic functions,

and

is given as

Substituting this into Equations 1 and 2 gives:

는 주파수이다. where k is the wave number,

is the frequency.

In order for the above equation to have a solution, the discriminant with the same coefficients of Equations 6 and 7 must be 0, and can be expressed as follows.

The real part of the above discriminant is expressed as follows.

In addition, the imaginary part of the above discriminant is expressed as follows.

는 다음 식으로부터 구해진다. Both the real part and the imaginary part must have a value of 0, and the speed of the ultrasonic wave from the real part (real value)

is obtained from the following equation.

Here, B is

이다. 여기서,

는 감쇄상수이다. The value of the imaginary part means attenuation, and the wavenumber k can be obtained from the imaginary part as follows,

am. here,

is the decay constant.

From the above equation, the attenuation constant is obtained as follows.

Here, the imaginary value of the velocity is obtained as follows.

의 값은 다음과 같이 구해진다. Density in Porous Elastomers

The value of is obtained as follows.

는 고체의 밀도,

는 유체의 밀도, s는 고체 부분의 비틀림(tortuosity)이다. here,

is the density of the solid,

is the density of the fluid and s is the tortuosity of the solid part.

Hereinafter, a method for measuring the velocity of a fluid through the porous elasticity theory described above will be described in detail.

The calculation result in Equation 11 represents two velocities (velocities of the ultrasonic signal received at fast and slow times).

The fast wave moves along the solid portion of the porous elastomer at the junction of the solid and fluid portions.

An ultrasonic signal received at a slow time is generated by the relative displacement of the solid part and the fluid part.

는

이다. Therefore, if we focus on the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point corresponding to the relative displacement, the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point

Is

am.

이다. 여기서

는 다공성

에 영향을 받는 함수이다. 그리고, c는 유체에서의 초음파 신호의 속도이다. 각 쌍에서 서로 반대 방향으로 느린 시점에 수신된 초음파 신호의 속도를 측정할 때,

는 같은 값이 되어 결과적으로 상쇄된다. When there is no motion of the solid part and no flow of the fluid, the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at the slow time is

am. here

is porous

is a function affected by And, c is the velocity of the ultrasonic signal in the fluid. When measuring the speed of ultrasonic signals received at slow times in opposite directions in each pair,

becomes the same value and consequently cancels out.

이다. 그러나 유체가 흐르게 되면 초음파 신호의 속도는 유체의 흐름에 영향을 받게 된다. The speed of the ultrasonic signal in water is

am. However, when the fluid flows, the velocity of the ultrasonic signal is affected by the flow of the fluid.

에서 구할 수 있다. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, the speed difference of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time from the two pairs of transceivers arranged at right angles

can be obtained from

와 반대쪽의 제2 방향으로 초음파를 발생시켜 구한 느린 시점에 수신된 초음파 신호 속도

를 구하면, 제1 내지 제2 방향에서의 유체의 속도는

가 된다. In one pair, the received ultrasonic signal velocity at a slow time point obtained by generating ultrasonic waves in the first direction

Ultrasonic signal speed received at a slow time obtained by generating ultrasonic waves in the second direction opposite to

, the velocity of the fluid in the first and second directions is

becomes

와

가 된다. In this way, the velocity of the fluid (first velocity and second velocity) calculated in the first pair and the second pair, respectively, is

and

becomes

가 된다. Since the first velocity and the second velocity are perpendicular to each other, the velocity of the fluid in the porous elastic material is

becomes

로 결정된다. In addition, according to this embodiment, the direction of the fluid can be determined using the ratio of the first speed and the second speed, and the direction

is determined by

The embodiments of the present invention described above have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, and those skilled in the art having ordinary knowledge of the present invention will be able to make various modifications, changes, and additions within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications, changes, and additions will be considered to fall within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (8)

As an ultrasonic flow meter,
A plurality of transmission and reception units including an oscillator for generating an ultrasonic signal and an amplifier for receiving and amplifying the ultrasonic signal and inserted into the porous elastic material through which the fluid flows; and
A measuring unit for measuring the velocity of the fluid using an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point among ultrasonic signals received at different time points in each of the plurality of transceivers,
The plurality of transceivers include a first pair including first and third transceivers and a second pair including second and fourth transceivers,
The measurement unit calculates a first speed using an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in each of the first and third transceivers included in the first pair and the second and fourth transceivers included in the second pair, respectively. Ultrasonic flowmeter for calculating the velocity of the fluid using the second velocity calculated using the ultrasonic signal received at the slow time point. According to claim 1,
A line segment extending from the first and third transceivers and a line segment extending from the second and fourth transceivers form a right angle. According to claim 1,
The first transceiver and the second transceiver are spaced apart from each other in a first direction, and the second transceiver and the third transceiver are spaced apart from each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Part, ultrasonic flowmeter disposed spaced apart from the first transceiver and the second direction. According to claim 1,
The measuring unit,
An ultrasonic flowmeter for controlling timing so that the transceiver included in the first pair and the transceiver included in the second pair generate ultrasonic signals at different times. According to claim 1,
The first speed is calculated using a difference between the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the first transceiver and the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the third transceiver,
The second speed is calculated using a difference between the speed of the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the second transceiver and the ultrasonic signal received at a slow time in the fourth transceiver. According to claim 1,
Wherein the measuring unit determines the direction of the fluid using the ratio of the first speed and the second speed. A device inserted into a porous elastic material through which fluid flows and connected to a plurality of transceivers including an oscillator for generating an ultrasonic signal and an amplifier for receiving and amplifying an ultrasonic signal,
processor; and
Including a memory coupled to the processor,
the memory,
Calculating a first speed in the first pair using a speed of an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point among ultrasonic signals received at different time points in each of the first and third transceivers included in the first pair;
Calculating a second speed in the second pair using the speed of an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time among ultrasonic signals received at different time points in each of the second and fourth transceivers included in the second pair;
To calculate the velocity of the fluid using the first velocity and the second velocity,
A device for measuring fluid velocity in a porous elastic material storing program instructions executable by the processor. A method of measuring the speed of a fluid using a device inserted into a porous elastic material through which fluid flows and connected to a plurality of transceivers including an oscillator generating an ultrasonic signal and an amplifier receiving and amplifying the ultrasonic signal,
Calculating a first velocity in the first pair by using a velocity of an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point among ultrasonic signals received at different time points in each of the first and third transceivers included in the first pair;
Calculating a second velocity in the second pair by using a velocity of an ultrasonic signal received at a slow time point among ultrasonic signals received at different time points in each of the second and fourth transceivers included in the second pair; and
A method for measuring fluid velocity in a porous elastic material comprising the step of calculating the velocity of the fluid using the first velocity and the second velocity.

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