KR102508793B1 - Upper filter replaceable filtering wetland for non-point pollution treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wet filtration bed configured with a preceding storage means to perform non-point pollution treatment. The filter medium in a treatment tank is divided into a coarse filter medium (91) of an upper layer and a fine-grained filter medium (92) of a lower layer, a replaceable lower inclined-type filter medium box (80) is installed in an upper layer part, and an overflow-type water supply channel (50) is formed at an upper end of a treatment tank side wall (14), thereby enabling smooth infiltration and diffusion of treated water while completely excluding a sprinkling piping above the treatment tank, and enabling easy replacement of the upper filter medium. According to the preset invention, an upper part of the treatment tank of the wet filtration bed can be configured in a completely open state, uniform and smooth diffusion of the treated water is induced within the filter medium while operating the trickling filtration bed in an appropriate wet state without water surface formation, and the upper filter medium can be easily replaced, thereby improving performance and usability of the trickling filtration bed.

Description

Filter medium partial exchange type non-point pollution treatment wetland filter {UPPER FILTER REPLACEABLE FILTERING WETLAND FOR NON-POINT POLLUTION TREATMENT}

The present invention relates to a wet filter bed configured with a prior storage means to perform non-point pollution treatment, and the filter media in the treatment tank are divided into an upper coarse filter media 91 and a lower layer fine filter media 92, and the lower portion is replaceable in the upper layer. By installing the inclined filter media box 80 and forming the overflow type water supply passage 50 at the upper end of the side wall 14 of the treatment tank, smooth penetration and diffusion of the treated water is possible while completely excluding the watering pipe at the top of the treatment tank, It is also possible to easily replace the upper filter material.

A wetland filter bed, that is, an artificial wetland filter bed, is a facility that simultaneously functions as a physical filtration process and a wetland, and is used for wastewater treatment, non-point pollution treatment, improvement of river water quality, provision of biological habitats, and creation of a water-friendly environment. is composed of

Water treatment through wetland filtering is applied to various fields such as industrial wastewater such as urban sewage, combined sewage overflow, dairy wastewater, landfill leachate, hospital wastewater, and pollutants generated from non-point sources such as rainwater and runoff. In particular, in urban sewage treatment, a wetland filter bed equipped with a pre-retention means capable of temporarily retaining runoff in the early stage of rainfall is in the limelight as a non-point pollution treatment facility.

Such a wetland filter bed is operated so that a watering facility is provided at the top of the treatment tank to perform the basic function as a filter bed, which is a filtration facility, or the treatment tank is completely filled with treated water and a constant water surface is formed at the top. 2020849 or Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2009-101564;

Conventional wetland type filter beds or watering filter beds, including Patent No. 2020849 and Laid-Open Patent No. 2009-101564, have the same basic structure that induces the passage of treated water through the filter medium, and therefore, a wide range of treated water for the entire filter medium loaded in the treatment tank It is necessary to devise means to promote diffusion.

That is, when the treated water is concentrated on a part of the filter media in the treatment tank, the treatment efficiency of the entire wet filter bed is lowered, and since the filter media needs to be frequently replaced, the contaminated treated water needs to be smoothly diffused in the inner space of the treatment tank. .

Accordingly, in the conventional wetland filter bed, as a means for inducing smooth diffusion of polluted water, a complicated watering pipe is installed on the top of the treatment tank as in Patent No. 2020849, or a treatment tank as in Patent Publication No. 2009-101564. It is operated so that the water surface is always formed on the upper floor.

However, apart from the aesthetics, the watering pipe at the top of the treatment tank not only costs a lot to install, but also causes clogging of the pipe from time to time in the process of transporting contaminated treated water, resulting in insufficient effectiveness and causing considerable difficulties in maintenance. However, in the case of the method of operating the treatment tank to form the water surface, the filter medium is inevitably completely submerged at all times, so it is fundamentally impossible to provide sufficient air contact necessary for oxidation of organic matter, and the utilization of the upper space of the treatment tank is extremely limited. .

The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and in the non-point pollution treatment wetland filter bed, the inside of the rectangular treatment tank formed of the bottom plate 11, the front wall 12, the rear wall 13 and the side wall 14 has a longitudinal direction. The perforated pipe 21 is installed, the storage chamber 40 connected to the inlet pipe 41 is formed on the outside of the front wall 12, and the collection chamber 30 connected to the discharge pipe 31 is formed on the outside of the rear wall 13 is formed, one end of the perforated pipe 21 passes through the rear wall 13 and is connected to the inside of the collecting chamber 30, and the upper ends of the side walls 14 on both sides have water supply channels 50 protruding toward the center of the treatment tank, respectively. At the other end of the side wall 14 of the water supply path 50, the overflow wall 51 is formed upright, and the water discharge port 45 is cut and formed on the upper part of the front wall 12 to form the storage chamber 40 and the water supply path 50 ) is connected, and a filter media box 80 having a V-shaped cross section formed with a symmetrical inclined surface is installed on the lower plate body, which is a perforated plate, is installed on the upper part of the treatment tank, and the assembled filter media 91 is loaded in the filter media box 80, and the filter media in the treatment tank (80) The fine filter medium 92 is loaded in the lower space, and the treated water flowing into the storage chamber 40 through the inlet pipe 41 is temporarily stored and then discharged through the discharge port 45 and introduced into the water supply channel 50 And, after flowing along the overflow wall 51 of the water supply line 50 and being introduced to the top of the assembled filter media 91, the treated water flows down while passing through the assembled filter media 91 loaded on the slope of the filter media box 80 At the same time, it is a filter medium partial replacement type non-point pollution treatment wetland filter characterized in that it diffuses and penetrates into the fine filter medium 92 through the lower plate body of the filter medium box 80, which is a perforated plate.

In addition, in the present invention, the width of the filter box 80 in plan is equal to the distance between the surfaces of the overflow walls 51 on both sides, so that the filter box 80 is between the overflow walls 51 of the water supply channels 50 on both sides of the treatment tank. coupled to, and a plurality of protrusion rods 81 protruding vertically are bonded to the inside of the filter media box 80, and a binding hook 82 is formed at the top of the protrusion rod 81, characterized in that the filter medium part exchange type It is a wetland filter for non-point pollution treatment.

Through the present invention, it is possible to configure the upper part of the treatment tank of the wet filter bed in a completely open state, and induce uniform and smooth diffusion of the treated water in the filter media while operating the wet filter bed in an appropriately moist state without the formation of a water surface And it is possible to easily replace the filter material in the upper layer, so that the performance and utilization of the wet filter bed can be improved.

In particular, since the pipe at the top of the wet filter treatment tank can be completely excluded, the maintenance convenience of the wet filter bed can be improved and aesthetics can be secured, as well as the free use of the space above the wet filter bed such as vegetation formation or installation of facilities. do.

In addition, since it can be operated without forming a water surface in the upper part of the open treatment tank, the wet filter bed can be used for walking trails or parks, and the filter material in the upper layer can be freely and easily replaced, enabling efficient maintenance of the wet filter bed.

1 is a perspective view of the present invention
2 is an explanatory diagram of the filter media loading method of the present invention
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the structure of the present invention
Figure 4 is a partially cut perspective view of the structure of the present invention
5 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention
6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the present invention
7 is a perspective view of an excerpt of the main part of the present invention
8 is an explanatory diagram of the manufacturing process of the granulated filter medium of the present invention

The detailed configuration and operation method of the present invention will be described through the accompanying drawings.

First, FIG. 1 shows the appearance of the wet filter bed of the present invention. As shown, the present invention is a facility configured with a storage chamber 40 and a collection chamber 30 at the front and rear ends of a treatment tank, which is a rectangular water tank, respectively, road, In order to efficiently treat non-point pollution such as rainwater and early runoff discharged from urban covering surfaces such as residential land and bridges, the first treated water is temporarily stored in the storage chamber 40 and then sequentially supplied to the treatment tank loaded with filter media for treatment. have a way of being

That is, after various drifting impurities or floating large particle diameter solids included in the above-mentioned non-point pollution treated water are precipitated and separated in the process of pre-retaining the treated water in the storage chamber 40, the treated water in which the solids are removed at a considerable level is treated. As a structure supplied to the tank, it is possible to further improve the efficiency of the contaminant removal function through contact and adsorption on the filter bed.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the detailed structure of the facility of the non-point pollution treatment wetland filter bed to which the present invention is applied is basically a filter media loading treatment tank, and as shown in these drawings, the upper part of the treatment tank of the present invention is essential in the prior art. The complicated watering pipe required for this is completely excluded, and in the prior art, the water surface, which always needed to be formed on the upper side of the filter medium loaded in the treatment tank for filter bed operation, does not need to be formed.

Therefore, it is not only possible to freely utilize the space above the treated water, but also to secure the aesthetics, which is advantageous in securing the site during facility planning and construction. can also be done

Looking at the facility structure of the wetland filter of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. Sidewalls 14 are formed at both ends of ), so that a rectangular treatment tank in which the distance between the front and rear ends of the bottom plate 11 on a plane is greater than the distance between both side ends is constructed, and as shown in FIG. 4, the bottom plate 11 inside the treatment tank ) On the upper surface, a perforated pipe 21 is installed in the longitudinal direction of the treatment tank.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the storage chamber 40 to which the inlet pipe 41 is connected is formed on the outside of the front wall 12, and the collection chamber to which the discharge pipe 31 is connected to the outside of the rear wall 13 ( 30) is formed, and as shown in FIG. 4, one end of the perforated pipe 21 passes through the rear wall 13 and is connected to the inside of the collecting chamber 30.

The treatment tank of the present invention may have a type in which the entire structure is exposed by being built on the ground, and only a part of the upper part of the treatment tank is exposed to the ground, and most of the structures including the bottom plate 11 and both side walls 14 are underground. It may have a form buried in .

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a water supply passage 50 protruding toward the center of the treatment tank is formed at the upper end of each side wall 14 on both sides, and an overflow wall 51 is formed at the other end of the side wall 14 of the water supply passage 50. ) is formed upright, and a stationary continuous concave-convex portion is formed at the top of the overflow wall 51.

That is, the water supply passage 50 of the present invention is a waterway-type structure in which contaminated treatment water is supplied and treated water is supplied to the filter media, and basically has an L-shaped cross section and the side wall 14 has an L-shaped cross section water supply passage 50 It is joined to form a waterway with a U-shaped cross section as a whole, but the wall at the center of the treatment tank is configured as an overflow wall 51, and the treated water transferred through the water supply channel 50 overflows along the overflow wall 51 for treatment. A wide range of water supply is performed for the entire section in the longitudinal direction of the filter media loaded in the tank.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the overflow wall 51 of the water supply channel 50 is a labyrinth wall, that is, a stationary continuous irregularity is formed to form a structure in which the overflow water flow is multi-divided, thereby promoting smooth overflow and At the same time, it is possible to prevent the overflow water flow from being biased in some sections of the entire section of the overflow wall 51.

That is, the entire longitudinal section of the treatment tank of the labyrinth overflow wall 51 was constructed so that a wide range of simultaneous water supply to the entire section on the end of the treatment tank was possible while omitting the pipe-type sprinkler equipment required in the normal watering filter bed, This is accompanied by an inclined surface laminated structure of the granulated filter media 91 to be described later, and performs a wide range of homogeneous diffusion function of the treated water.

As shown in FIG. 6, the supply of treated water to the water supply line 50 is performed by a discharge port 45 for discharging the upper layer of treated water stored in the storage chamber 40. ) is incised to connect the storage chamber 40 and the water supply passage 50, so that the treated water initially introduced into the storage chamber 40 through the inlet pipe 41 is temporarily stored as shown in the figure, and solids are precipitated. After that, the upper layer water is discharged through the discharge port 45 and is supplied to the water supply line 50.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the treated water sprayed to the top of the treatment tank along the overflow wall 51 of the water supply passage 50 is assembled filter media laid on the top of the treatment tank while being loaded in the filter box 80 ( 91), and then penetrates into the fine filter medium 92 laid and loaded in the lower part of the treatment tank to adsorb and remove contaminants, and then flows into the perforated pipe 21 at the lower center of the treatment tank.

In the present invention, the granular filter medium 91 and the fine filter medium 92 refer to a filter medium having a relatively large particle diameter and a filter medium having a relatively small particle diameter, as in the dictionary meaning, and the fine filter medium 92 is a conventional watering filter medium. The soil to be utilized can be applied, and as the granular filter medium 91, a granular material of coarse quality specialized in the present invention is applied.

That is, as the granular material constituting the granulated filter medium 91 in the present invention, granular material having a particle diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm is applied, and as a specific material, crushed natural stone or calcined porous spheres may be applied. .

In the particle diameter range of the granulated filter medium 91, when the particle diameter of the granulated filter medium 91 is of a fine quality of less than 5 mm, the smooth flow of the treated water is suppressed, and the rapid transfer and wide downward discharge action described later are inevitably reduced, When the particle diameter of the granulated filter media 91 exceeds 10 mm, the treated water is directly discharged without sufficiently passing through the gaps between the granulated filter media 91, and this may also act as a factor deteriorating the downward discharge action over a wide range, which will be described later.

In particular, when the particle diameter of the granulated filter medium 91 is too small, the granulated filter medium 91 performs the function of the fine filter medium 92 that actually performs the filter bed treatment, and contaminants are excessively adsorbed on the granulated filter medium 91. This may shorten the usable life of the granulated filter medium 91 and cause frequent replacement of the granulated filter medium 91.

2 and 3, the filter medium box 80 of the present invention in which the assembled filter medium 91 is loaded is, as in its dictionary meaning, a box or container in which the filter medium is loaded, and has a rectangular shape on a plane, It has a V-shaped cross section in which symmetrical inclined surfaces are formed on the lower plate body, which is a perforated plate.

That is, the lower plate body is formed of a perforated plate in which a plurality of water passage holes are perforated, and the central portion of the lower plate body is bent in a V shape, and a filter box 80 symmetrical about the central axis of the treatment tank is installed as shown in FIG. In this way, the treated water supplied to the upper granulated filter medium 91 through the lower inclined structure quickly flows along the gap of the granulated filter medium 91 and at the same time passes through the perforated plate and is discharged downward in a wide range.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, through the filter media box 80 installation structure, the granulated filter media 91 is stacked on the upper layer of the treatment tank, and the fine filter media 92 is stacked on the center and lower portions of the treatment tank, , as a whole, a two-layer multi-filter structure is formed on the cross-section of the treatment tank.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the filter medium box 80 is installed on the upper part of the treatment tank, the assembled filter medium 91 is loaded in the filter medium box 80, and the fine filter medium is placed in the lower space of the filter medium box 80 in the treatment tank. In the treatment tank of the present invention in which 92 is loaded, the treated water flowing into the storage chamber 40 through the inlet pipe 41 is temporarily stored, then discharged through the discharge port 45 and introduced into the water supply passage 50, and the water is supplied. After the flow overflows along the overflow wall 51 of the furnace 50 and is introduced to the top of the granulated filter media 91, the treated water flows down while passing through the granulated filter media 91 loaded on the inclined surface of the filter media box 80, and at the same time, the perforated plate A path is formed for the treated water to diffuse and penetrate into the fine filter medium 92 through the lower plate body of the phosphorus filter medium box 80 .

As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, even though the first supply of the treated water is limited to the upper side of the treatment tank, the treated water quickly passes through the laminated filter media 91 forming the inclined surface and is accompanied by downward discharge. By performing this, the treated water can be widely diffused and penetrated into the entire area of the loading part of the fine filter medium 92, which occupies most of the area on the cross section of the treatment tank, so that the treatment can be performed without measures such as the above-mentioned prior art watersprinkling pipe or formation of the upper water surface. It is possible to ensure smooth and uniform diffusion of water and excellent treatment efficiency.

In this way, the treated water from which contaminants are removed while extensively contacting the fine filter medium 92 flows into the perforated pipe 21, and then is collected and stored in the collection chamber 30 as shown in FIG. 6, and is stored in the collection chamber 30 The accumulated purified water is finally discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 31 .

On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows an excerpt of the filter box 80 of the present invention. As shown, a plurality of protruding rods 81 vertically protruding inside the filter box 80 are bonded, and the protruding rod By forming the binding hook 82 at the upper end of the 81, as shown in FIG. 2, the filter media box 80 can be quickly installed and separated using equipment such as a crane even when the media is loaded.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the width of the filter tray 80 in plan is formed to match the distance between the surfaces of the overflow walls 51 on both sides, so that the filter tray 80 is the water supply path 50 on both sides of the treatment tank. ) By enabling it to be coupled between the overflow walls 51, the filter tray 80 can be stably installed in place without a separate fixing means, and through the protruding rod 81 and the binding hook 82 The lifting equipment can be wired, so that easy construction is possible at the time of initial installation of the treatment tank of the present invention, and the assembled filter media 91 whose usable life has elapsed can be quickly and conveniently replaced in maintenance.

In particular, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, by configuring the filter media box 80 coupled to the treatment tank with a plurality of small unit filter media boxes 80 dividing the longitudinal center line of the treatment tank, the assembled filter media 91 is partially formed. Not only can it be replaced, but the assembled filter medium 91 can be easily replaced without interrupting the operation of the wet filter bed of the present invention.

Meanwhile, FIG. 8 shows a manufacturing process of the granulated filter medium 91 of the present invention. As described above, the granulated filter medium 91 of the present invention is a spherical particle having a particle diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm, and has internal porosity. It not only serves as a flow path for treated water, but also has a function of adsorbing contaminants.

The characteristics required for the granulated filter medium 91 of the present invention include maintaining a spherical shape for a long time and maintaining flatness of the surface, ensuring a smooth flow of treated water between pores while securing a contact area for treated water, and It can be said to secure a high degree of strength required for the exposed structure, and these characteristics are difficult to express in conventional artificial porous granular materials that are foam-molded as well as conventional natural porous granular materials such as volcanic stone.

Therefore, in the present invention, the clay is molded into a sphere and fired, but fine wood powder is pre-mixed, and wood powder is burned and lost during the firing process, so that the tissue porosity is good and the strength is excellent. and produced spherical granular bodies with surface flatness maintained for a long period of time.

As shown in FIG. 8, the manufacturing process of the granulated filter medium 91 of the present invention begins with the step of forming a paste by mixing clay, wood flour and water. It is advantageous in homogeneous mixing of wood flour and clay to process wood flour and clay in a manner in which water is added after sufficiently pre-mixing in a dry powder state.

The paste, which is a mixture of wood flour, clay, and water, is put into a mold, compressed, formed into a sphere, and then dried. Then, the dried molded body is fired in an electric furnace at around 1,000° C. for 6 hours to obtain the granulated filter medium 91 of the present invention. It is completed.

11: bottom plate
12: front wall
13: posterior wall
14: side wall
21: perforated pipe
30: collection room
31: discharge pipe
40: storage room
41: inlet pipe
45: water outlet
50: water supply
51: overflow wall
80: Yeojaeham
81: protruding bar
82: binding hook
91: assembly filter
92: fine filter medium

Claims (2)

In the non-point pollution treatment wetland filter,
A perforated pipe 21 is installed in the longitudinal direction inside the rectangular treatment tank formed by the bottom plate 11, the front wall 12, the rear wall 13 and the side wall 14;
The storage chamber 40 connected to the inlet pipe 41 is formed outside the front wall 12, and the collection chamber 30 connected to the discharge pipe 31 is formed outside the rear wall 13;
One end of the perforated pipe 21 passes through the rear wall 13 and is connected to the inside of the collecting chamber 30;
An L-shaped cross section protruding toward the center of the treatment tank is formed at the upper end of the side walls 14 on both sides, and an overflow wall 51 is formed upright at the other end of the side wall 14 of the water supply passage 50. , while the treated water transferred to the water supply passage 50 overflows along the overflow wall 51, water is supplied to the entire section in the vertical direction on the plane of the treatment tank;
The water discharge port 45 is cut in the upper part of the front wall 12 to connect the storage chamber 40 and the water supply passage 50;
A filter tray 80 having a V-shaped cross section formed on a lower plate, which is a perforated plate, with a symmetrical inclined surface is installed on the top of the treatment tank, and assembled filter media 91, which is granular particles having a particle size of 5 mm to 10 mm, are loaded in the filter box 80, and inside the treatment tank In the lower space of the filter medium box 80, a fine filter medium 92 having a smaller particle size than the assembled filter medium 91 is loaded, and the treated water flowing into the storage chamber 40 through the inlet pipe 41 is temporarily stored, and then the discharge port ( 45), flows into the water supply channel 50, overflows along the overflow wall 51 of the water supply channel 50, is introduced into the upper part of the assembled filter media 91, and then loaded on the inclined surface of the filter media box 80. A filter medium partially exchangeable non-point pollution treatment wetland filter, characterized in that the treated water flows through the filter medium 91 and at the same time passes through the lower plate of the filter medium box 80, which is a perforated plate, and diffuses and penetrates into the fine filter medium 92. delete

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