KR102505066B1 - System and method for diagnosing abnormalities of reducer for railway vehicles using temperature measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and method for diagnosing an abnormality of a speed reducer for a railway vehicle using temperature measurement, and it is possible to check the state of a speed reducer of a railway vehicle while driving by referring to the load of a traction motor of a railway vehicle and the bearing temperature of the reducer. Provides a system and method for diagnosing an abnormality in a reducer for a railway vehicle using temperature measurement that can secure driving stability and reduce maintenance costs as the driver or vehicle manager can recognize or check whether there is an abnormality before the gearbox malfunctions do.

Description

System and method for diagnosing abnormalities of reducer for railway vehicles using temperature measurement}

The present invention relates to a system and method for diagnosing an abnormality of a speed reducer for a railway vehicle using temperature measurement, and more particularly, by measuring the temperature of a speed reducer bearing installed in a power car of a railway vehicle while the railway vehicle is running to diagnose abnormalities in the reducer. It relates to a system and method for providing information to a driver or vehicle manager so that the reducer can be maintained in advance.

In general, a power car of a railway vehicle transfers power from a traction motor to wheels to perform traction or braking.

Here, since the output of the motor has characteristics of high speed and low torque, a speed reducer is used to lower the speed and increase the torque to transmit power to the wheels. Four reducers are installed in the power car of such an electric train, and for example, 20 reducers are installed when running in one formation of 10 cars. As prior art related to the reducer, Registration Patent No. 10-1614905 and Registration Patent No. 10-1497816 have been proposed.

On the other hand, since the reducer transmits propulsion/braking energy, subsequent operation is difficult because it does not traction/brake in the event of a failure, and since it is installed on an axle, it takes a lot of time and money in case of a breakdown.

Therefore, the speed reducer has no choice but to check the condition of the speed reducer through periodic inspection, but it is difficult to check while driving.

However, this conventional speed reducer diagnosis method has problems in that it is difficult to check the state of the speed reducer while the train is running, and it takes a lot of time and money to periodically disassemble and check all the speed reducers of the train.

Reference 1: Registered Patent No. 10-1614905 Reference 2: Registered Patent No. 10-1497816

Therefore, the present invention is to solve these problems, and the present invention measures the temperature of the reducer bearing installed in the power car of the rolling stock while the rolling stock is running, and diagnoses the abnormality of the reducer for the railroad vehicle by reflecting the temperature to diagnose whether the reducer is abnormal. Its purpose is to provide systems and methods.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for diagnosing an abnormality in a reducer for a railway vehicle, which guides information so that a driver or a vehicle manager can recognize information so that maintenance can be performed in advance before a failure of the reducer when diagnosing an abnormality in the reducer.

The present invention to solve such a technical problem;

Measuring means for measuring the load of the railway vehicle traction motor and the bearing temperature of the reducer; and data calculation means for determining whether or not the speed reducer is abnormal by referring to the load of the traction motor and the temperature of the bearing transmitted from the measuring means; .

At this time, the measuring means includes a voltage and current measuring device for measuring the voltage and current input to the traction motor, a speed measuring device for measuring the rotational speed of the traction motor, and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in each bearing part of the reducer. to be characterized

In addition, the data calculation means compares the expected temperature increase rate according to the load of the traction motor and the temperature increase rate of the bearing to determine whether the reduction gear is abnormal, and outputs a warning signal according to the reduction gear abnormality when it is determined that the reduction gear is abnormal. to be characterized

And, the data calculating means converts the torque of the traction motor using the voltage, current, and rotational speed of the traction motor, and predicts the expected temperature increase rate TRalw using the converted torque and rotational speed of the traction motor. The temperature increase rate (TRi) of the bearing is calculated using the temperature of the reducer bearing, and when the expected temperature increase rate (TRalw) is exceeded, it is determined that an abnormality in the reducer has occurred and a warning signal is output.

In addition, the data calculating unit is characterized in that it transmits the warning signal to a Train Control and Monitoring System (TCMS).

In addition, the present invention;

A first step of converting the torque of the traction motor using the voltage and current of the traction motor of the railway vehicle measured by the voltage and current meter and the number of rotations of the traction motor measured by the speed meter; a second step of predicting a range of an expected temperature rise rate TRalw using the converted torque and rotational speed of the traction motor; A third step of calculating a temperature increase rate (TRi) using the bearing temperature of the reducer measured by the temperature sensor; and a fourth step of outputting a warning signal when the temperature rise rate (TRi) of the bearing exceeds the expected temperature rise rate (TRalw).

At this time, in the second step, the predicted temperature increase rate (TRalw) is characterized in that it is predicted by reflecting the temperature increase rate according to the test result generated through the preliminary test.

According to the present invention, it is possible to check the state of the reduction gear of the railway vehicle while driving by referring to the load of the traction motor of the railway vehicle and the bearing temperature of the reduction gear, so that the running stability of the railway vehicle can be secured, as well as the abnormality before the failure of the reduction gear. Maintenance costs can also be reduced because the driver or vehicle manager can recognize or check whether the

1 is a connection configuration diagram of a system for diagnosing an abnormality of a speed reducer for a railway vehicle using temperature measurement according to the present invention.
2 is a detailed control block diagram of a system for diagnosing an abnormality of a speed reducer for a railway vehicle using temperature measurement according to the present invention.
3 is a diagram showing the power supply of the reducer and the temperature transition of each part of the bearing.
4 is a graph showing the temperature change of each part of the bearing according to the rotation direction of the reducer.
5 is a graph showing the change in temperature of each part of the bearing of the reducer according to the load.

Hereinafter, the characteristics of a system and method for diagnosing an abnormality in a reducer bearing for a railway vehicle using temperature measurement according to the present invention will be understood by referring to the accompanying drawings by way of an embodiment described in detail.

Prior to this, the terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the usual or dictionary meaning, and the inventor appropriately uses the concept of the term in order to explain his/her invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as a meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that it can be defined.

Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only one of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not represent all the technical ideas of the present invention, so at the time of this application, they can be replaced. It should be understood that there may be many equivalents and variations.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the system for diagnosing an abnormality of a speed reducer for a railway vehicle using temperature measurement according to the present invention can check the state of the speed reducer 1 of a railway vehicle while driving through simple temperature measurement and monitoring of the speed reducer bearing. It is a system that can secure driving stability and reduce maintenance costs by enabling

First, a railway vehicle is equipped with a traction motor 3 for rotating an axle on which wheels are installed on a bogie frame composed of a pair of longitudinal axis supports and a transverse axis support connecting the longitudinal axis supports, and the power of the traction motor 3 A reducer 1 is provided for transmission to the axle.

At this time, the reducer 1 is installed on the axle, the reducer 1 is connected to the traction motor 3 through the coupling 4, and the power of the traction motor 3 is transmitted through the coupling 4 It is input to the reducer 1 and is decelerated by the speed reducer 1 to an appropriate number of revolutions for vehicle operation to rotate the axle, whereby the wheels installed at both ends of the axle rotate so that the railway vehicle runs. Such a reducer 1 is provided with a bearing 10 for supporting rotation of the axle shaft.

On the other hand, the main failure and replacement part of the reducer 1 is the bearing 10, which has a characteristic of generating heat when lubrication is not smooth or abnormal wear occurs. In general condition diagnosis, vibration is measured together, but since the reducer (1) is installed on the lower part of the vehicle and the rail vibration according to the driving of the wheel is transmitted together, only the vibration characteristics according to the abnormality of the teeth of the reducer (1) or the bearing (10) are separated. It is difficult to do and not effective.

Therefore, the present invention is a measuring means for measuring the load of the traction motor 3 of the railway vehicle and the temperature of the bearing 10 of the reducer 1 so that the state of the reducer 1 of the railroad vehicle can be determined while driving and whether there is an abnormality ( 100), and data calculation means 200 for determining whether the reduction gear 1 is abnormal by referring to the load of the traction motor 3 and the temperature of the bearing 10 transmitted from the measuring means 100 do.

In this case, the measurement means 100 measures the voltage, current, and rotational speed as a load of the traction motor 3, and measures the temperature at each part of the bearing 10 of the reducer 1. This is because measuring the voltage, current, and rotational speed of the traction motor 3 changes the temperature change trend of the bearing according to the degree of load.

The measuring means 100 includes a voltage and current measuring device 110 for measuring the voltage and current input to the traction motor 3, a speed measuring device 120 for measuring the rotational speed of the traction motor 3, and a reducer ( 1) includes a temperature sensor 130 for measuring the temperature in each part of the bearing 10.

Here, as the temperature sensor 130, various sensors such as RTD, thermocouple, thermometer, and IC sensor capable of measuring the temperature in each part of the bearing 10 of the reducer 1 can be applied. It is preferable that a plurality of temperature sensors 130 are provided to measure the temperature of a plurality of bearings.

In addition, the data calculation means 200 compares the expected temperature increase rate according to the load of the traction motor 3 and the temperature increase rate of the bearing measured by the temperature sensor 130 to determine whether the reducer is abnormal, and the reducer ( If it is judged as an error in 1), a warning signal according to the reduction gear error is output.

The data calculation means 200 may include a microcomputer for storing data and performing calculation processing, and may transmit a warning signal to a Train Control and Monitoring System (TCMS) 300, which is a comprehensive train management device connected to a network. .

At this time, the warning signal of the data calculation means 200 may be an alarm signal, and the TCMS 300 receives it and outputs it as an alarm through an audio output means such as a buzzer or a speaker so that the driver or the like can recognize it.

On the other hand, since the characteristics of the reducer (1) may differ depending on the casing internal structure, reduction ratio, tooth shape, lubricant, etc., the temperature of the high-speed section of the reducer (1) is obtained by using the test bench test result (DB1) generated through the preliminary test. Identify the rising rate (DB1) and the temperature rising rate of the low-speed section (DB2), and make DB (Database) the expected temperature rising rate considering the allowable error. This DB (DataBase) may be stored in the data calculation means 200 or provided from TCMS or the like.

Such data calculation means 200 uses the voltage and current of the traction motor 3 of the railway vehicle measured from the voltage and current measuring device 110 and the number of rotations measured through the speed measuring device 120 to measure the traction motor 3 The torque of ) is converted (201), and the range of the expected temperature rise rate TRalw is predicted (202) using the converted torque and rotational speed of the traction motor 3.

At this time, the data calculation means 200 reflects the temperature rise rate (DB2) of the high-speed section or the temperature rise rate (DB3) of the low-speed section of DB (DataBase) (DB) when predicting the expected temperature rise rate (TRalw).

Then, the temperature rise rate TRi of the bearing is calculated using the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 130 (203). In this case, the temperature rise rate TRi of the bearing can be calculated through a temperature rise rate calculator provided in the data calculation unit 200 .

Then, the data calculation means 200 compares whether the calculated temperature increase rate TRi of the bearing exceeds the expected temperature increase rate TRalw (204). Accordingly, when the temperature increase rate TRi exceeds the range of the expected temperature increase rate TRalw, a warning signal is transmitted (205) so that the driver can recognize it.

Referring to FIGS. 3 to 5, an abnormality diagnosis of a speed reducer for a railway vehicle using temperature measurement according to the present invention will be described in detail.

First, FIG. 3 shows the temperature transition of each bearing part of the reducer 1 according to the number of rotations and the load (torque) of the reducer for an electric vehicle. Reducers for railway vehicles (electronic trains) reflect the fact that they are operated with high torque at low speed and low torque at high speed.

The temperature of each bearing 10 installed in the reducer 1 according to the driving of the reducer 1 shows a similar tendency, but does not match depending on the structural internal lubrication situation. Even in the case of the reducer (1) rotating in the same direction, the temperature deviation of each part of the bearing (10) may be more than 20 ℃, so it is difficult to determine whether it is a normal condition or an abnormal condition.

In addition, railroad vehicles (electronic cars) do not distinguish between forward and reverse due to the nature of their operation. Therefore, there are cases in which the rotation direction of the reducer is operated in the opposite direction. 4 is a bearing temperature example in the case where only the rotation direction is reversed under the same operating conditions.

In this case, if the average temperature characteristic is used, the temperature change of each bearing 10 cannot be confirmed. In addition, since the amount of lubricant supplied to the bearing 10 varies depending on the rotation direction of the reducer 1, it is difficult to generate a warning or abnormal signal at a specific temperature.

In addition, if the temperature of the bearing 10 rises to the allowable limit, the reducer 1 may already be damaged to such an extent that it cannot be used.

Therefore, monitoring the state by measuring the temperature of the bearing 10 of the reducer 1 may be more important for diagnosing the state of the reducer at an early stage not only in measurement but also how to measure and judge.

Next, FIG. 5 shows the temperature increase rate per unit time, and in the last step, it is a graph showing the result of causing damage to a specific bearing (#2).

Since the deviation of each bearing 10 is reduced when approaching the rise rate rather than the temperature trend, it is easy to identify the abnormality of a specific bearing.

In addition, it can be confirmed that the temperature increase rate rapidly increases when the bearing 10 is abnormal.

The temperature rise rate depends on the speed of the reducer and the load (torque). Below a certain speed, it depends on the characteristics of the load (torque), and above a certain speed, it shows the temperature rise characteristic according to the number of revolutions. In the example of FIG. 5 , about 500 rpm corresponds.

Using these characteristics, the torque of the traction motor (3) is converted using the voltage, current, and rotational speed of the traction motor (3) of the railway vehicle, and the expected temperature increase rate (TRalw) is used by using the converted torque and rotational speed of the traction motor. ) predicts the range of

Then, the temperature increase rate (TRi) of the bearing is calculated using the temperature of the reducer bearing and compared to see if it exceeds the expected temperature increase rate (TRalw). ) can output a warning signal by determining that an error has occurred.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. The protection scope of should be interpreted by the claims below, and all technical ideas within the equivalent range should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

1: reducer
3: traction motor 4: coupling
10: bearing 100: measuring means
110: voltage and current meter 120: speed meter
130: temperature sensor 200: data calculation means
300: TCMS

Claims (7)

Measuring means for measuring the load of the railway vehicle traction motor and the bearing temperature of the reducer; and
Data calculation means for determining whether the reduction gear is abnormal by referring to the load of the traction motor and the temperature of the bearing transmitted from the measuring means;
The data calculation means compares the expected temperature rise rate according to the load of the traction motor and the temperature rise rate of the bearing to determine whether the reduction gear is abnormal, and outputs a warning signal according to the reduction gear abnormality,
The data calculation unit converts the torque of the traction motor using the voltage, current, and rotational speed of the traction motor, predicts the expected temperature increase rate (TRalw) using the converted torque and rotational speed of the traction motor, and the reducer bearing The temperature increase rate (TRi) of the bearing is calculated using the temperature of the bearing, and when the expected temperature increase rate (TRalw) is exceeded, it is determined that an error in the reducer has occurred and a warning signal is output. diagnostic system.
According to claim 1,
The measuring means includes a voltage and current measuring device for measuring the voltage and current input to the traction motor, a speed measuring device for measuring the rotational speed of the traction motor, and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in each bearing part of the reducer. A system for diagnosing abnormalities of reducers for railway vehicles using temperature measurement.
delete delete According to claim 1,
The data calculation means transmits the warning signal to a train control and monitoring system (TCMS).
A first step of converting the torque of the traction motor using the voltage and current of the traction motor of the railway vehicle measured from the voltage and current meter and the number of rotations of the traction motor measured through the speed meter;
a second step of predicting a range of an expected temperature rise rate TRalw using the converted torque and rotational speed of the traction motor;
A third step of calculating a temperature increase rate (TRi) using the bearing temperature of the reducer measured by the temperature sensor; and
A fourth step of outputting a warning signal when the temperature rise rate (TRi) of the bearing exceeds the expected temperature rise rate (TRalw);
In the second step, the expected temperature increase rate (TRalw) is predicted by reflecting the temperature increase rate according to the test result generated through the preliminary test.
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