KR102497942B1 - eco-friendly biodegradability manufacturing methods of non-woven filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a biodegradable non-woven filter which is made by using plant-derived lactic acid-based poly lactic acid (PLA), and thus, has eco-friendly biodegradability, and at the same time, has high dust collection efficiency, low differential pressure ratio, and excellent tensile strength, and more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a biodegradable non-woven filter which is composed of fibers of polylactic acid-based polymer (PLA) with a melt volume index (MFI) of 1000 to 1800 g/10min (210 ℃. 2.16kg), has the dust collection efficiency of 80 to 95% or more, the differential pressure ratio of 60 to 100 pa or less, and the tensile strength of 2 to 3 N or more as biodegradable non-woven fabric (melt blown) of a health mask filter with a unit weight of 20 to 60 g/m^2.

Description

Eco-friendly biodegradability manufacturing methods of non-woven filter {eco-friendly biodegradability manufacturing methods of non-woven filter}

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a biodegradable nonwoven filter, and in detail, as it is made using vegetable-derived lactic acid-based PLA (Poly Lactic Acid), it has eco-friendly biodegradability, high dust collection efficiency, low differential pressure rate and tensile strength. It relates to a method for manufacturing a biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter having excellent strength.

In particular, the present invention is composed of fibers of polylactic acid-based polymer PLA with an MFI (melting index) of 1000 to 1800 g/10min (210°C. 2.16kg) and a biodegradable health mask filter having a unit weight of 20 to 60 g/m2. It is a biodegradable biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter with a dust collection efficiency of 80 to 95% or more, a pressure differential of 60 to 100 Pa or less, and a tensile strength of 2 to 3 N or more. .

A filter is a device that filters foreign substances in liquid or gas and is made of various materials and shapes.

Among these filters, there are filters made using non-woven fabric, and Patent Documents 1 to 4 are examples of technologies related to filters made of such non-woven fabric.

Patent Document 1 is a wet-laid nonwoven fabric containing two or more types of fibers, made of a fiber-forming thermoplastic polymer, having a fiber diameter (D) of 550 to 800 nm, and a fiber length (L) to fiber diameter (D). It contains 4 to 50% by weight of short fibers (A) having a ratio (L/D) in the range of 100 to 2500 based on the total weight of the nonwoven fabric, and further, binder fibers (B) having a single fiber fineness of 0.1 dtex or more are added to the total weight of the nonwoven fabric. It is a wet nonwoven fabric for a filter containing 10 to 50% by weight relative to

Patent Document 2 is a filter nonwoven fabric obtained by treating a nonwoven fabric with an aqueous polypeptide solution having a polypeptide concentration of 0.01 ± 8% by weight and further treating with a metal salt,

In Patent Document 3, the content of the inorganic particles is 0 to 100 ppm, the pore diameter at 10% is less than 1000 μm, the difference between the pore diameter at 10% and at 2.3% is 500 μm or less, and the basis weight is 10 to 100 μm. 30 g / m 2, and a polyester long fiber non-woven fabric having a surface area per area of 1.0 or more and 3.5 m 2 / m 2 or less,

Patent Document 4 includes cutting the non-woven fabric according to the shape of the air cleaner; In order to impregnate the activated carbon into the nonwoven fabric, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), activated carbon, and binder fibers are put into a stirrer and mixed to prepare a first mixed solution, and the nonwoven fabric is put into a stirrer and bubbles are stirred to impregnate the first mixed solution into the nonwoven fabric A first blending impregnation step; A second mixing impregnation step of preparing a second mixed solution by mixing a water repellent agent, a carbon fixing agent, a sizing agent, and a wet strength agent to be put into the stirrer, and introducing the second mixed solution into the stirrer to perform bubble agitation; A non-woven fabric drying step of taking out the non-woven fabric impregnated with the mixed solution from the stirrer and drying it; and a film bonding step of adhering a laminating film to one side of the dried nonwoven fabric.

As such, various filters have been developed, but the conventional filter has a disadvantage in that a lot of cost is consumed in the process of treating it as waste after use as it is not decomposed. In addition, there are disadvantages in that the collection rate is low and the tensile strength is weak.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0016585 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0112546 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0117525 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0032788

The present invention was developed to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and as it is made using vegetable-derived lactic acid-based PLA (Poly Lactic Acid), it has eco-friendly biodegradability, high dust collection efficiency and low differential pressure An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter having excellent yield and tensile strength.

In particular, the present invention is composed of fibers of polylactic acid-based polymer PLA with an MFI (melting index) of 1000 to 1800 g/10min (210°C. 2.16kg) and a biodegradable health mask filter having a unit weight of 20 to 60 g/m2. It is a non-woven fabric (melt blown) with a dust collection efficiency of 80 to 95% or more, and a pressure differential of 60 to 100 pa or less and a tensile strength of 2 to 3 N or more. aims to

The biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter manufacturing method according to the present invention for solving the above object is a biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter manufacturing method used in a health mask filter, PLA, PBS and dielectric in a weight ratio of 90 to 95: 5 to 10 : Blending step of blending in 5 to 10; A melting step of melting the blended raw materials by applying heat of 150 to 240 ° C. and transferring the melted raw materials to an extrusion device using a metering pump; A spinning step of making single fibers by spinning the molten raw material through a nozzle in an environment of 200 to 300 ° C; A forming step of supplying the spun short fibers to a collector conveyor sheet to form a non-woven fabric; A hydrocharging step of collecting positive charges of static electricity inside the fabric to collect static electricity; It is characterized in that it includes a cutting and winding step of winding the fabric into a roll after cutting it to a certain width according to the product standard.

The temperature of the metering pump is 200 to 240 ° C, and the discharge pressure is preferably 30.0 to 40.0pa.

It is preferable that the spray hole formed in the nozzle has a diameter of 0.1 to 0.25 mm and a distance between the spray holes is 0.1 to 0.2 mm.

In the spinning step, it is preferable to blow air into a heat box generating heat at 200 to 300° C. with a blower rotating at 3000 to 4500 rpm so that hot air of high temperature is supplied to the nozzle.

The biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter manufacturing method according to the present invention makes filter paper using plant-derived lactic acid-based PLA, and the filter paper is made and used and discarded after use has eco-friendly biodegradability, so the filter can be easily discarded There are possible effects.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of providing a nonwoven fabric filter having high dust collection efficiency, low differential pressure rate and excellent tensile strength.

In particular, the present invention is composed of fibers of polylactic acid-based polymer PLA with an MFI (melting index) of 1000 to 1800 g/10min (210°C. 2.16kg) and a biodegradable health mask filter having a unit weight of 20 to 60 g/m2. It is a non-woven fabric (melt blown) that has a dust collection efficiency of 80 to 95% or more, and a pressure differential of 60 to 100 Pa or less, which has the effect of providing a biodegradable non-woven fabric filter with a tensile strength of 2 to 3 N or more. there is.

1 is a process diagram of a method for manufacturing a biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter according to the present invention

Since the present invention can be practiced by applying various changes, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and will be described through detailed description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, or substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention.

Like reference numerals have been used for like elements throughout the description of each figure. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of related known technologies may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

The present invention can provide a non-woven fabric filter having environmentally friendly biodegradability, high dust collection efficiency, low differential pressure ratio and excellent tensile strength.

The biodegradable biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter manufacturing method according to the present invention is a biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter manufacturing method used in a health mask filter, as shown in FIG. to 10: blending step of blending in a ratio of 5 to 10 (S10); A melting step (S20) of melting the blended raw materials by applying heat of 175 to 240° C. and transferring the melted raw materials to an extrusion device using a metering pump; A spinning step (S30) of making single fibers by spinning the molten raw material through a nozzle in an environment of 200 to 300 ° C; A forming step of supplying the spun short fibers to a collector conveyor sheet to form a non-woven fabric (S40); A hydrocharging step (S50) of collecting positive charges of static electricity inside the fabric to collect static electricity; It includes a cutting and winding step (S60) of cutting the fabric to a certain width according to product specifications and then winding it into a roll.

The mixing step (S10) is a step of mixing the raw materials (raw materials) of the biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter. As described above, the raw materials of the biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter are PLA (Poly Lactic Acid), PBS (Poly Butylene Succinate) and dielectric , PLA has a hard physical property, so as the product surface becomes hard, PBS, which is bio-mass, is mixed to form a soft surface, and it generates an electrical induction action for static collection The material, the dielectric, is further compounded.

The PLA is an environmentally friendly biodegradable raw material.

Synthetic polymers commonly known as environmentally friendly and biodegradable include PCL (poly caprolactone), PLA (poly lactic acid), PGA (poly glycolic acid), etc. These can be obtained through condensation polymerization or ring-opening polymerization of monomers obtained from nature. It has the advantage of obtaining polymers with various properties.

PCL is a polymer obtained by ring-opening polymerization of caprolacton, a monomer. It has excellent mechanical properties and compatibility with PE (poly ethylene), but its melting point is as low as 60°C, making it difficult to apply to industrial fields. In the case of PLA, lactic acid or lactide It can be obtained from, and has excellent strength among biodegradable polymers.

The PLA can be obtained from monomeric lactic acid extracted from natural resources such as corn and starch, and thus has attracted attention as a petrochemical-based polymer substitute. However, PLA's application in various fields is limited due to its high brittleness and low heat resistance. In order to improve the brittleness of PLA, the present invention formulated PBS (poly butylene succinate).

The PLA is a 'biodegradable plastic', and as it is naturally decomposed by microorganisms under specific conditions between 6 months and 1 year, it can be decomposed immediately after discarding the filter to reduce environmental pollution.

In addition, PLA belongs to the fatty polyester group, and PLA used for fiber production is made from recyclable sugar and starch. As a biopolymer, one of the raw materials of PLA is produced by microorganisms, and this macromolecule is biodegradable. It is slowly or rapidly decomposed by water, CO2, etc., depending on the molecular weight of the polymer.

The mixing step (S10) may consist of a first and a second mixing step. In the first mixing step, PLA and PBS are mixed, and in the second mixing step, a dielectric material is further mixed with the first blended mixture.

The blending ratio of the raw materials blended in the blending step is preferably a weight ratio of PLA:PBS:dielectric of 90 to 95:5 to 10:5 to 10.

Examples of the dielectric include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP, KH ₂ PO ₄ ), ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP, NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Any one of hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), and calcium boride (BaTiO ₃ ) may be used, but ferroelectric calcium boride (BaTiO ₃ ) is preferably used.

Since calcium boride (BaTiO ₃ ) has a high permittivity and is safe against water and heat, it is widely used as a dielectric material or piezoelectric material, so there is no problem in using it as a filter material.

In addition, in the mixing step, it is preferable to dry the blended raw materials as described above as they absorb moisture in the surroundings. (Drying step (S11))

The melting step (S20) is a step of melting the raw material blended for extrusion molding, it is possible to increase the melting effect by supplying heat.

The melting step (S20) is performed in an environment of 175 to 240 ° C. considering that the melting point of PLA is 150 to 170 ° C.

That is, the device that performs the melting step is an extruder, and the environment in which the extruder melts PLA with an MFI (melting index) of 1000 to 1800 g / 10 min (210 ° C / 2.16 kg) by installing 1 to 6 heaters in the cylinder of the extruder. 185 to 230 ° C. is maintained, the temperature of the extrusion head is maintained at 190 to 220 ° C., and the temperature of the screen changer is maintained at 220 to 240 ° C.

The gear pump for transferring the melted raw material to the extrusion device also kept the temperature at 200 to 240 ° C. to prevent the melted mixed raw material from hardening.

The pressure of the pressure gauge before and after the metering pump is preferably maintained at 30.0 to 40.0pa.

The spinning step (S30) is a step of spraying the molten mixed raw material using high-pressure hot air to form a biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter, and may be made by discharging the raw material through a plurality of nozzles.

In order to prevent the molten raw material from solidifying in the spinning step, the spinning environment should be maintained at 200 to 300 ° C.

To this end, a heat generating box (heater chamber) is installed on both sides of the nozzle, and the temperature inside the heat box is maintained at 200 to 300 degrees. By installing a blower, the wind blown by the blower passes through the heat box, and the air containing this heat comes into contact with the nozzle to maintain the desired temperature without cooling the nozzle.

As the nozzle maintains 200 to 300 ° C., the spinning of the mixed raw material was made easy.

It is preferable that the spray hole perforated in the nozzle has a diameter of 0.1 to 0.25 mm, and the distance between the spray holes is 0.1 to 0.2 mm.

If the diameter of the spray hole is excessively large, the thickness of the single fibers spun becomes thick, reducing the filter effect when made into a filter. It is preferable to adjust the diameter and spacing of the spray holes within the above range, as the distance between the distances decreases and the filter reel effect deteriorates, and when the fibers are close, the spun fibers come into contact with each other and become agglomerated.

The forming step (S40) is a step of manufacturing a fabric (web) by laminating short fibers, and a collector commonly used for manufacturing nonwoven fabric is used. That is, when spinning in the spinning step, high-temperature air is simultaneously spun through the nozzle, so that the spun short fibers are supplied to the top of the collector conveyor sheet of the collector (web forming machine) and stacked.

At this time, short fibers spun by a vacuum pump chamber installed under the conveyor sheet are seated on the upper surface of the collector conveyor sheet.

The speed of the vacuum pump installed in the vacuum suction box is preferably maintained at 3500 to 4500 rpm.

The hydrocharging step (S50) is a step for making the manufactured filter have electrostatic properties, and may be performed by a hydro charge (ultrapure water supply) method for collecting static electricity.

The fabric for manufacturing the non-woven filter must have static electricity so that foreign substances can be collected by static electricity. For this purpose, two methods can be used to make the fabric have static electricity.

One of the electrostatic imparting methods is to impart electrostatic properties to the fabric through corona discharge, which means that the static electricity does not last long due to the surrounding moisture in the summer season when the air is humid and is dissipated by the surrounding moisture, thereby reducing the function of the filter. There is a downside to not being able to perform.

In order to prevent this, it is preferable to use a hydro charge method in which ultrapure water is supplied to the fabric at high pressure so that positive charges of static electricity are collected inside the fabric.

The cutting and winding step (S60) is a step of cutting the fabric according to the size of the filter to be manufactured and winding it into a roll.

Claims (4)

A blending step of blending PLA, PBS, and dielectric in a weight ratio of 90 to 95: 5 to 10: 5 to 10 (S10); A melting step (S20) of melting the blended raw materials by applying heat of 175 to 240° C. and transferring the melted raw materials to an extrusion device using a metering pump; A spinning step (S30) of making single fibers by spinning the molten raw material through a nozzle in an environment of 200 to 300 ° C; A forming step of supplying the spun short fibers to a collector conveyor sheet to form a non-woven fabric (S40); A hydrocharging step (S50) of collecting positive charges of static electricity inside the fabric to collect static electricity; A biodegradable non-woven fabric filter manufacturing method used in a health mask filter comprising a cutting and winding step (S60) of cutting the fabric to a certain width according to product specifications and then winding it into a roll,
The temperature of the metering pump is 200 to 240 ° C, the discharge pressure is 30.0 to 40.0 pa, the diameter of the injection hole formed in the nozzle is 0.1 to 0.25 mm, and the interval between the injection holes is 0.1 to 0.2 mm,
In the spinning step (S30), a biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter manufacturing method in which high-temperature hot air is supplied to a nozzle by blowing air with a blower rotating at 3000 to 4500 rpm to a heat box generating heat at 200 to 300 ° C.,
The blending step (S10) may consist of a first and second blending step, in the first blending step, PLA and PBS are blended, and in the second blending step, a dielectric is further blended in the first blended blend,
After performing the blending step, a drying step (S11) of drying the raw materials mixed in the blending process as they absorb ambient moisture is further performed,
The hydrocharging step (S50) is a method for manufacturing a biodegradable nonwoven fabric filter, characterized in that by supplying ultrapure water at high pressure to the fabric so that positive charges of static electricity are collected inside the fabric. delete delete delete

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