KR102489883B1 - Phase Change Material Performance Test Facility - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a tank capable of filling PCM therein, a cover that covers and closes the upper portion of the tank, and a main pipe having a first inlet and outlet coupled to the cover to introduce cryogenic fluid and discharge air, and the A heat transfer unit connected to the main pipe and formed for uniform distribution to perform heat exchange with the PCM, and a connection unit having a second inlet outlet connected to the lower part of the tank to discharge cryogenic fluid and introduce air, and The cover has an inlet formed for PCM filling, a discharge line formed for PCM replacement at the bottom of the tank, a temperature sensor formed to measure the temperature inside the tank, and a hydrostatic pressure formed at the bottom of the tank. We propose a phase change material performance test facility that includes a pressure gauge for measuring the level using a pressure gauge and a flashback prevention device installed on the top of the tank and preventing explosion in the event of a flame.

Description

Phase Change Material Performance Test Facility

The present invention relates to a phase change material performance test facility according to the use of a phase change material (PCM) for storing latent heat of cryogenic energy. It relates to a phase change material performance test facility capable of storing and discharging PCM, observing the degree of filling, determining the material phase, and evaluating latent heat utilization performance using the temperature difference.

Phase Change Material (PCM) facilities are generally used to manufacture phase change materials, to insulate water or air, and to improve the performance of air conditioning and heating devices.

For example, devices such as ESS (Energy Storage System), repeaters, traffic signals, distribution boards, etc. are manufactured by accommodating various electronic equipment in an enclosure.

On the other hand, heat is generated while operating electronic equipment, and this heat causes an increase in temperature inside the enclosure, which shortens the life of the electronic equipment and deteriorates its function.

If the temperature rises severely, electronic equipment may malfunction or become inoperable, and may be destroyed by fire.

In order to prevent such a temperature rise, a heat exchanger for suppressing the temperature rise is generally provided in the enclosure.

As related prior literature, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0059916 (May 29, 2020) has been published.

The prior literature includes a heat pipe and a heat exchange fluid filled inside the heat pipe, the heat exchange fluid includes a phase change material (PCM) and a refrigerant, and the PCM includes heat of the heat pipe and the refrigerant. Disclosed is a heat exchanger for air conditioning that performs heat exchange by simultaneously absorbing heat of vaporization.

However, the prior art has a problem in that it has measurement and structural limitations for use in a cryogenic environment, PCM heat storage performance evaluation, and various PCM performance experiments.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0059916 (2020.05.29.)

The present invention is to solve the above conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is configured in a cryogenic energy utilization system and mounted on a support structure, and measures the storage, discharge, and filling of PCM by measuring the temperature and pressure inside the tank. An object of the present invention is to provide a phase change material performance test facility capable of evaluating latent heat utilization performance using observation, material phase determination, and temperature difference.

Another object of the present invention is designed to facilitate maintenance and remodeling of the heat exchange unit through the separation of the insulated storage tank, PCM filling piping, discharge piping, and cryogenic piping, and a flashback prevention device to prevent explosion in the event of a fire accident at the top of the tank It is installed, and it is possible to control the flow rate of the cryogenic fluid through the valve, and the inside of the tank consists of a heat exchanger for heat exchange between the cryogenic fluid and the PCM, and includes tubular, plate-type, piping equipped with internal and external fins, and combinations thereof Therefore, the purpose is to provide a phase change material performance test facility that can be changed according to the installation environment without being limited by the shape.

In order to solve the above problems, the phase change material performance test facility of the present invention includes a tank capable of filling PCM therein; a cover covering and closing the upper portion of the tank; a main pipe coupled to the cover and having a first inlet and outlet through which cryogenic fluid is introduced and air is discharged; a heat transfer unit connected to the main pipe and formed for uniform distribution to perform heat exchange with the PCM; a connection part connected to the lower part of the tank and having a second inlet outlet through which cryogenic fluid is discharged and air is introduced; The cover has an inlet formed for filling PCM; A discharge line formed at the bottom of the tank for replacing the PCM; a temperature sensor formed to measure the temperature inside the tank; a pressure gauge formed at the bottom of the tank and measuring the water level using hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the tank; And it is installed on the top of the tank and characterized in that it includes a flashback prevention device for preventing explosion in the event of a flame.

Preferably, the temperature sensor is formed in plurality in the height direction of the tank inside the PCM tank; Characterized in that latent heat utilization performance analysis is possible through the first temperature pressure gauge and the second temperature pressure gauge formed in the main pipe.

More preferably, the inlet is characterized in that a blind flange for preventing evaporation is provided.

Also preferably, the heat transfer part is disposed to be spaced apart from the top of the tank by about 1/3 to 1/4 of the height of the tank.

Also preferably, the heat transfer unit is connected to the main pipe and is divided into a plurality of parts to form a branch pipe.

Also preferably, the heat transfer unit is connected to any one of a plurality of branch pipes to form a guide unit, and a thermocouple is disposed in the center of the tank and the guide unit to measure the temperature change in the center of the tank and in the radial direction. do.

Also preferably, the guide portion is characterized in that it is composed of a glass material or a Teflon (PTFE)-based material having low thermal conductivity, chemical resistance, and non-swelling.

According to the present invention, it is configured in a cryogenic energy utilization system and mounted on a support structure, and storage and discharge of PCM by measuring the temperature and pressure inside the tank, observation of the filling degree, determination of the material phase, evaluation of latent heat utilization performance using the temperature difference It is possible, and through the separation of the insulated storage tank, PCM filling piping, discharge piping, and cryogenic piping, maintenance and remodeling of the heat exchange unit have an effect that is easy.

In addition, it is possible to prevent explosion in the event of a flame accident through a flashback prevention device, and it is possible to control the flow rate of cryogenic fluid through a valve. It has an effect that can be changed according to the installation environment without being limited to the shape including a pipe equipped with internal and external fins and a combination thereof.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a phase change material performance test facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a phase change material performance test facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The advantages and features of the present invention, and how to achieve them, will become clear with reference to the detailed description of the following embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

However, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in a variety of different forms, only the present embodiments make the disclosure of the present invention complete, and common knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to completely inform the person who has the scope of the invention, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

In addition, when it is determined that related known technologies may obscure the gist of the present invention in describing the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

First, FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a phase change material performance test facility according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the detailed configuration of a phase change material performance test facility according to an embodiment of the present invention. .

1 and 2, the phase change material performance test facility according to the present invention combines a tank 20 provided to fill the inside of a phase change material (PCM) 30 and an upper portion of the tank. A cover 21 for sealing the cover 21 and a main pipe 23, one side of which is protruded by being combined with the cover 21 and the other side located at the lower end of the tank, are connected so that cryogenic fluid can be introduced and discharged, and air can be discharged. and enable inflow.

At this time, the first inlet/outlet 1 formed on one side of the main pipe 23 is formed so that cryogenic fluid can flow in or air can be discharged, and the other side has a connection part 24 connected to the main pipe 23 and located outside the tank. A second inlet outlet 7 may be formed in the connection part 24 to allow cryogenic fluid to be discharged or air to be introduced.

In addition, the tank is an insulated storage tank, and the outer wall of the tank may be composed of an insulator (layer).

In addition, valves (not shown) are provided in the main pipe 23 protruding from the top of the tank and the connection part 24 connected to the main pipe at the bottom of the tank, indicating that the flow rate of the cryogenic fluid can be controlled through the valve.

In addition, the cover 21 may be provided with a PCM inlet 2 for PCM filling, and a blind flange may be installed in the inlet 2 to prevent evaporation of PCM.

In addition, a flashback prevention device 3 may be installed at the top of the tank to prevent explosion in the event of a fire accident.

In addition, a sight glass (not shown) capable of visual observation may be installed in the tank, and a flange (not shown) may be provided at an appropriate position so that a camera or sensor may be inserted.

By this, the state of the PCM can be observed with the naked eye, and additional measurement data can be collected by selecting the user according to the test environment or conditions through cameras or sensors.

In addition, the inside of the tank 20 is composed of a heat transfer unit 13 for heat exchange between the cryogenic fluid and the PCM, and the heat transfer unit 13 is connected to the main valve to form a branch pipe structure having the purpose of uniform distribution.

In addition, the heat transfer unit 13 may be configured by changing without being limited in shape, including a tubular shape, a plate shape, a pipe equipped with internal and external fins, and a combination thereof.

The lower part of the tank (5) of the tank may be formed in the form of a flange, and the PCM discharge line (6) and the connection part (24) formed by being connected to the lower part of the tank (5) have a detachable structure and can be separated and combined with the tank, thereby facilitating maintenance. can be easily formed.

In addition, the lower part of the tank may have a tapered shape that becomes narrower toward the lower end.

Accordingly, when PCM is discharged, the PCM can be naturally collected in the lower part of the tank (5), and the PCM can be easily discharged through the PCM discharge line (6) connected to the lower part (5) of the tank.

In addition, a multi-level, multi-point thermocouple can be built inside the PCM tank to properly monitor the thermodynamic behavior during the phase change of the PCM, and the measurement uncertainty It can be composed of a plurality of temperature measurement points to reduce.

That is, a plurality of PCM state temperature sensors (Thermocouples, 4) may be provided at regular intervals in the height direction inside the tank for monitoring the PCM state.

In addition, a pressure gauge 8 for measuring the water level using the hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the PCM tank may be provided.

In addition, a second temperature pressure gauge 11 may be provided in the main pipe 23 at the inlet side of the cryogenic fluid with the heat transfer unit 13 located in the tank therebetween, and the first pressure gauge 11 may be provided in the main pipe 23 at the outlet side of the cryogenic fluid. A temperature pressure gauge 9 may be provided.

Through the first temperature pressure gauge 9 and the second temperature pressure gauge 11, it is possible to analyze the latent heat utilization performance through the calculation of the temperature difference when the cryogenic fluid is introduced and discharged.

In addition, the first temperature sensor 10 may be provided on the outer wall of the tank for measuring heat loss of the outer wall of the tank, and it is possible to measure the temperature difference between the surface of the insulator (layer).

In addition, a second temperature sensor 12 may be provided on the tank cover 21 for monitoring heat loss at the top of the tank, and a temperature difference between the surface of the insulator may be measured.

In addition, a passage hole 14 through which a bundle of thermocouples 15 can pass is formed in the tank cover 21, and a bundle of thermocouples 15 can pass through the passage hole 14, and a tank A thermocouple 15 may be arranged to measure temperature changes in the central and radial directions.

It is characterized in that the solidification and dissolution state of the PCM can be determined by this.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the tank 20 is filled with the PCM 30 and the cryogenic fluid is introduced through the first inlet outlet 1 of the main pipe 23, the heat transfer formed by being connected to the main pipe 23 The cryogenic fluid moves in the unit 13, moves to the main pipe 23 connected to the lower side of the heat transfer unit 13, and moves to the connection part 24 formed connected to the main pipe 23, and is formed in the connection part 24. 2 Cryogenic fluid can be discharged through the inlet outlet (7).

At this time, it is characterized in that heat exchange is performed between the PCMs according to the movement of the cryogenic fluid.

In addition, in order to measure the detailed state of the PCM performing heat exchange, the state of the PCM can be checked by comparing the temperature of each position of the PCM through a plurality of PCM state temperature sensors installed in the height direction inside the tank.

In addition, a pressure gauge 8 is provided at the lower end of the tank 5 so that the water level can be measured using the hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the PCM tank.

In addition, it is possible to analyze the latent heat utilization performance through the calculation of the temperature difference when the cryogenic fluid is introduced and discharged through the first temperature pressure gauge 9 and the second temperature pressure gauge 11, and the first temperature sensor 10 and the second temperature sensor It is characterized in that it is possible to measure the temperature difference on the surface of the insulator through (12).

As shown in FIG. 2, the heat transfer unit for heat exchange between the center of the tank, the cryogenic fluid and the PCM may be formed in the form of a plurality of branch pipes, and is connected to any one of the plurality of branch pipes to form a guide unit (16). ) may be formed, and the thermocouple 15 may be disposed at the center of the tank and the guide portion 16.

Here, a plurality of branch pipes of the heat transfer unit 13 may be formed, and each branch pipe may be spaced apart from each other at equal intervals so that the cryogenic fluid may be uniformly distributed and heat exchanged.

Although the present invention discloses forming eight branch pipes 13a to 13h, it is not limited thereto, and the number of branch pipes can be changed depending on the environment, such as 4 to 12, of course.

The guide part 16 is preferably formed of a guide structure composed of a glass material or a Teflon (PTFE)-based material having low thermal conductivity, chemical resistance, and non-swelling, determining the condensation and dissolution state of PCM.

Therefore, it is possible to monitor the heat transfer performance according to the temperature difference by installing an instrument for measuring the inlet and outlet temperature and differential pressure in the cryogenic fluid pipe (heat transfer part), and the main heat transfer pipe is connected using upper and lower flanges to facilitate replacement according to the purpose. However, since an empty space is generated due to contraction during condensation of the PCM, the heat transfer unit is placed down so as to be spaced apart from the top by about 1/3 to 1/4 of the tank height in consideration of this.

There are a valve (not shown) for controlling the flow rate of cryogenic fluid, a flashback prevention device (3), inlets and outlets (2, 6) for smooth filling and discharging of PCM, and the structure of the upper cover (21) of the tank is detachable. Thus, it can be fastened to facilitate cleaning using acetone, surfactant, and the like.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to test the thermodynamic properties of cryogenic PCMs of various compositions, including latent heat storage performance tests, and can be used for optimal design of the heat transfer part, and the data obtained from the device can be used to develop and verify numerical analysis models. has an effect that can be used for

It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be variously modified or modified without departing from the technical gist of the present invention. it did

1: first inlet outlet 2: PCM inlet
3: flashback arrestor 4: PCM status temperature sensor
5: tank bottom 6: PCM discharge line
7: second inlet outlet 8: pressure gauge
9: first temperature and pressure gauge 10: first temperature sensor
11: second temperature pressure gauge 12: second temperature sensor
13: heat transfer part 14: through hole
15: Thermocouple 16: Guide unit
20: tank 21: cover
22: lower tank 23: main pipe
24: connection part 30: PCM (Phase Change Material)

Claims (7)

A tank capable of filling PCM therein;
a cover covering and closing the upper portion of the tank;
a main pipe coupled to the cover and having a first inlet and outlet through which cryogenic fluid is introduced and air is discharged;
a heat transfer unit connected to the main pipe and formed for uniform distribution to perform heat exchange between the cryogenic fluid introduced through the first inlet and outlet of the main pipe and the PCM;
a connection part connected to the lower part of the tank and having a second inlet outlet through which cryogenic fluid is discharged and air is introduced;
The cover has an inlet formed for filling PCM;
A discharge line formed at the bottom of the tank for replacing the PCM;
a temperature sensor formed to measure the temperature inside the tank;
a pressure gauge formed at the bottom of the tank and measuring the water level using hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the tank; and
Phase change material performance test facility, characterized in that it is installed on the top of the tank and includes a flashback prevention device for preventing explosion in the event of a flame.
The method of claim 1,
The temperature sensor is formed in plurality in the height direction of the tank inside the PCM tank;
A phase change material performance test facility, characterized in that latent heat utilization performance analysis is possible through the first temperature pressure gauge and the second temperature pressure gauge formed in the main pipe.
The method of claim 1,
The inlet,
A phase change material performance test facility, characterized in that a blind flange for preventing evaporation is provided.
The method of claim 1,
Phase change material performance test facility, characterized in that the heat transfer unit is disposed so as to be spaced apart from the top of the tank by about 1/3 to 1/4 of the tank height.
The method of claim 1,
The heat transfer part,
A phase change material performance test facility, characterized in that it is connected to the main pipe and divided into a plurality of branch pipes.
The method of claim 5,
The heat transfer unit is connected to any one of the plurality of branch pipes to form a guide unit,
A phase change material performance test facility, characterized in that a thermocouple is disposed in the center of the tank and the guide to measure the temperature change in the center of the tank and in the radial direction.
The method of claim 6,
The guide part is a phase change material performance test facility, characterized in that composed of a glass material or Teflon (PTFE)-based material having low thermal conductivity, chemical resistance, and non-swelling.

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