KR102486869B1 - Dressing method, dressing device, grindstone and grinding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

In grinding, a grindstone and a grinding wheel capable of suppressing occurrence of chattering or the like on the surface of a workpiece are provided. Therefore, the grindstone used in the grinding machine includes a plurality of first spiral grooves provided on the outer circumferential surface and a plurality of second spiral grooves provided on the outer circumferential surface, which intersect each of the plurality of first spiral grooves. A second spiral groove is provided. Moreover, a grinding wheel is equipped with the said grindstone. Further, the grinding machine may further include a movable table having a sliding surface that slides with a fixed surface, and the sliding surface may have a plurality of minute concave portions formed in a continuous manner periodically in the moving direction of the movable table.

Description

Dressing method, dressing device, grindstone and grinding machine

The present invention relates to a dressing method, a dressing device, a grindstone, and a grinding machine.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Conventionally, grinding stones (grinding stone cars) used in grinding machines are known. (For example, see Patent Literature 1, etc.).

Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-226634

However, the grindstone is clogged with use, and the grinding performance is lowered. For this reason, there are cases where a dressing operation (sharpening operation) for reproducing the grinding performance is performed.

In the dressing operation, for example, with a dresser equipped with single-stone diamonds, cutting (dress grooves) smaller than the outer diameter of the abrasive grains (eg, several μm to several tens of μm) is made of the grinding stone. created on the outer periphery. Specifically, the operation of moving the dresser in the width direction of the grindstone is reciprocally performed while bringing the dresser into contact with the rotating grindstone. According to the dressing operation, one spiral-shaped dress groove is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone by the outgoing operation of moving the dresser in the width direction, and the other spiral-shaped dress groove intersects with one dress groove by the return operation is created That is, a cone with a substantially rhomboid bottom surface, that is, a mountain (hereinafter referred to as a dress mountain) in the shape of a substantially quadrangular pyramid is created by intersecting one dress groove and the other dress groove.

However, in the grindstone regenerated by the dressing operation, only two angular positions symmetrical by 180° in the circumferential direction (i.e., the rotational direction) of a dress mountain formed by the intersection of one dress groove and another dress groove are created. Then, when grinding is performed using a grinding wheel, since the workpiece is ground near the apex of the grinding wheel, the area that is not sharpened at the grinding wheel is widened for the part periodically shaved from the grinding wheel according to the rotation of the grinding wheel. , there is a possibility of bending (chattering) on the surface of the workpiece.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of suppressing occurrence of chattering or the like on the surface of a workpiece in grinding.

In order to achieve the above object, in one embodiment,

As a dressing method of a grindstone used in a grinding machine,

A step of generating two or more parallel first spiral grooves on an outer circumferential surface of the grindstone;

A process of generating two or more parallel second spiral grooves intersecting each of the two or more first spiral grooves on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone.

Having a, a dressing method is provided.

In addition, as a dressing device for performing a dressing operation of a grindstone used in a grinding machine,
A dresser that contacts the outer circumferential surface of the rotating grindstone to create a spiral groove;
A rotational position detecting device for detecting a rotational position of the grindstone;
controller
including,
The controller,
A step of generating two or more parallel first spiral grooves on an outer circumferential surface of the grindstone;
A process of generating two or more parallel second spiral grooves intersecting each of the two or more first spiral grooves on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone.

To be configured to execute, a dressing device is provided.

According to the embodiment described above, in grinding, it is possible to provide a technique capable of suppressing occurrence of chattering or the like on the surface of a workpiece.

1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of a surface grinding machine according to the present embodiment.
2 : is a figure which shows the 1st example of the structure of the dressing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment.
3A is a diagram explaining a first example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
3B is a diagram explaining a first example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
3C is a diagram explaining a first example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
Figure 4a is a diagram showing an example of a grindstone on which a dressing operation was performed in a dressing device according to a comparative example.
Fig. 4B is a diagram showing an example of a grindstone on which a dressing operation was performed in the dressing device according to the present embodiment.
5 is a diagram schematically showing a second example of the configuration of the dressing device according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a diagram specifically explaining the arrangement of the dresser;
7A is a diagram explaining a second example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
7B is a diagram explaining a second example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
7C is a diagram for explaining a second example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
8A is a diagram explaining a second example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
8B is a diagram explaining a second example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
8C is a diagram explaining a second example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a third example of the configuration of the dressing device according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 10A is a diagram specifically explaining the arrangement of dressers;
Fig. 10B is a diagram specifically explaining the arrangement of the dresser.
11A is a diagram for explaining a third example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
11B is a diagram for explaining a third example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
11C is a diagram for explaining a third example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
12 is a diagram schematically showing a fourth example of the configuration of the dressing device according to this embodiment.
13A is a diagram explaining a fourth example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
13B is a diagram explaining a fourth example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
14A is a diagram explaining a fifth example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
14B is a diagram explaining a fifth example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
14C is a diagram for explaining a fifth example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 15 is a diagram explaining a processing method using a grindstone in which a dressing operation has been performed in the dressing device according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a sliding surface to which a plurality of recesses created by the processing method shown in FIG. 15 can be applied.
17 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of a cylindrical grinding machine according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 18 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the configuration of the cylindrical grinding machine according to the present embodiment.
19 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of an inner grinding machine according to the present embodiment.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the form for implementing an invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.

[Configuration of surface grinding machine]

First, referring to Fig. 1, a surface grinding machine 1 will be described as an example of a grinding machine according to the present embodiment.

1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of a surface grinding machine 1 according to the present embodiment.

The surface grinding machine 1 includes a movable table 10, a table guide mechanism 11, a grindstone head 15, a grindstone 16, a guide rail 18, a control device 20, and a display device 40. have

However, in the drawing, the X direction represents the movement direction of the movable table 10, the Y direction represents the movement direction of the grindstone head 15 orthogonal to the X direction, and the Z direction represents the X and Y directions. Indicates the orthogonal height direction.

The movable table 10 is provided so as to be movable in the X direction by the table guide mechanism 11, and a workpiece 12 to be ground is placed thereon.

The table guide mechanism 11 moves the movable table 10 in the X direction using, for example, a servomotor or the like as a driving force source.

The grindstone head 15 has a grindstone 16 provided at its lower end, and is mounted on a guide rail 18 to be movable in the Y direction and capable of being moved up and down in the Z direction.

The grindstone 16 has a cylindrical shape and is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the grindstone head 15 so that its central axis is parallel to the Y direction. The grindstone 16 moves along the grindstone head 15 in the Y and Z directions, rotates, and grinds the surface of the workpiece 12 . The grindstone 16 is composed mainly of abrasive grains (for example, alumina abrasives or diamond abrasives) selected according to the nature of the workpiece 12, processing precision, and the like, and a binder that holds the abrasive grains.

The guide rail 18 moves the grindstone head 15 in the Y direction and the Z direction using, for example, two servomotors or the like as driving power sources.

The control device 20 adjusts the positions of the movable table 10 and the grindstone head 15 and rotates the grindstone 16 to move each part of the surface grinding machine 1 to grind the surface of the workpiece 12. Control. The control device 20 is configured around a computer including, for example, a CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O, and the like.

The display device 40 is, for example, a liquid crystal display or the like. The display device 40 is controlled by the control device 20 and, for example, the grinding conditions of the work material 12 and the like are displayed.

[First Example of Dressing Device]

Next, with reference to Fig. 2, a dressing device 100 for performing a dressing operation (sharpening operation) of the grindstone 16 used in the surface grinding machine 1 will be described.

2 : is a figure which shows schematically the 1st example of the structure of the dressing apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment.

The dressing device 100 includes a dresser 110, a drive mechanism 120, a rotation mechanism 130, a rotation position detection device 140, and a controller 150.

The dresser 110 contacts the outer circumferential surface of the rotating grindstone 16 (that is, a work surface for grinding a workpiece. The dresser 110 uses, for example, single-stone diamond as a raw material, has a substantially cylindrical shape, and has a conical tip at its tip. The dresser 110 can create a dress groove with a width smaller than that of the abrasive grain (eg, several μm to several tens of μm).

The driving mechanism 120 uses, for example, two servomotors as driving power sources, and moves the dresser 110 (specifically, a support member supporting the dresser 110) in the left and right directions (the forward direction of the X axis in the drawing and the right direction). negative direction) and vertical direction (positive and negative directions of the Z axis in the drawing). The drive mechanism 120 includes, for example, a ball screw mechanism or a rack and pinion mechanism. The driving mechanism 120 adjusts the horizontal position and the vertical position according to the control command from the controller 150 . As a result, the state of contact between the dresser 110 and the outer circumferential surface (the working surface of the grindstone) of the grindstone 16 mounted on the rotating shaft 131 described later (the depth of the dress groove) and the width direction of the grindstone 16 (left and right in the drawing) direction) can be controlled.

The rotating mechanism 130 rotates the grindstone 16 mounted on the rotating shaft 131 at a predetermined rotational speed using, for example, a servomotor or the like as a driving force source.

The rotational position detecting device 140 is, for example, a rotary encoder and detects the rotational position (angular position) of the grindstone 16 attached to the rotational shaft 131 . The rotational position detection device 140 is communicatively connected to the controller 150, and a detection signal corresponding to the detected angular position of the grindstone 16 is transmitted to the controller 150.

The controller 150 transmits a control command to the driving mechanism 120 to control the horizontal position and vertical position of the dresser 110 driven to move vertically and horizontally by the driving mechanism 120 . The controller 150 is configured around a computer including, for example, a CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O, and the like. The controller 150 can control the contact state (the depth of the dress groove) between the dresser 110 and the outer circumferential surface (the working surface of the grindstone) of the grindstone 16 by adjusting the vertical position of the drive mechanism 120 . In addition, the controller 150 synchronizes the angular position of the grindstone 16 based on the detection signal received from the rotational position detection device 140, and the left-right position of the dresser 110 (in the width direction of the grindstone 16). The contact position in ) is controlled.

[First Example of Dressing Method]

Next, with reference to FIG. 3 (FIG. 3A - FIG. 3C), the dressing method (1st example of the dressing method concerning this embodiment) by the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2 is demonstrated.

3A to 3C are diagrams illustrating a first example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment. Specifically, operation of the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 2 is shown.

As will be described later, the dressing device 100 reciprocates the dresser 110 between the left and right ends of the grindstone 16 mounted on the rotating shaft 131 while bringing it into contact with the rotating grindstone 16 in three steps. Repeat twice. 3A to 3C are development views of the outer circumferential surface (grinding stone working surface) of the grindstone 16 showing the formation mode of the dress groove in the first to third steps, respectively.

However, in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the dress grooves generated in the previous process are indicated by dotted lines, and the dress grooves 202 and 212 and the dress grooves 203 and 213 generated in the second and third processes, respectively. is indicated by a solid line. Further, each step of the first to third steps is performed in a flow in which the dresser 110 is first moved from the left end of the grindstone 16 to the right end, and then is moved from the right end to the left end. Also, in this example, the movement speed of the dresser 110 in the left and right direction, specifically, the amount of left and right movement of the dresser 110 per rotation of the grindstone 16 (hereinafter, referred to as "dress lead") DL is 1/2 of the width W of the grindstone 16 (that is, the dress lead DL = W/2). Further, the angular position (0° to 360°) of the grindstone 16 is defined in advance, and the rotational position detecting device 140 transmits a detection signal corresponding to the angular position to the controller 150. In the figure, the left unit value of the grindstone 16 is indicated by the coordinate value "0", and the right unit value of the grindstone 16 is represented by the coordinate value "W".

In the first process, first, the controller 150 initiates contact of the dresser 110 to the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16 at the angular position "0°", and the dress lead in the right direction The drive mechanism 120 is controlled so as to move at DL (= W/2). Subsequently, when the dresser 110 reaches the right end position of the grindstone 16 (coordinate “W”), the controller 150 reverses the moving direction of the dresser 110 and moves the dresser DL (= W/2), the driving mechanism 120 is controlled. Specifically, the controller 150 initiates contact of the dresser 110 to the right end position (coordinate value "W") of the grindstone 16 at the angular position "0°", and the dress lead DL (= W/2), the driving mechanism 120 is controlled. Then, the controller 150 controls the driving mechanism 120 to move the dresser 110 to the left end position of the grindstone 16 (coordinate value “0”).

As shown in FIG. 3A , the dresser 110 is sent in the right direction (upward direction in FIG. 3A ) by the dress lead DL (= W/2) in the outgoing path of the first step, so that the grinding stone 16 The grinding stone ( 16) is created on the outer circumferential surface (refer to the white arrow in the drawing). The dress groove 201 spirals around the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 in two circles.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3A , the dresser 110 is sent in the left direction (downward direction in FIG. 3A ) with the dress lid DL (= W/2) in the first step, so that the grindstone 16 ) at the right end angular position "0°" as the starting point, and the spiral dress groove 211 having the angular position "360°" (="0°") at the left end of the grindstone 16 as the end point. ) on the outer circumferential surface (refer to the black arrow in the drawing). The dress groove 211 spirals around the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 in two circles. Also, the dress groove 211 intersects the dress groove 201 .

In the second process, the controller 150 moves the dresser 110 by shifting the phase (angular position of the grindstone 16) from the first process. Specifically, the controller 150 initiates contact of the dresser 110 to the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16 at the angular position "120°", and the dress lead DL (= W/2), the driving mechanism 120 is controlled. Subsequently, when the dresser 110 reaches the right end position of the grindstone 16 (coordinate “W”), the controller 150 reverses the moving direction of the dresser 110 and moves the dresser DL (= W/2), the driving mechanism 120 is controlled. Specifically, the controller 150 initiates contact of the dresser 110 to the right end position (coordinate value "W") of the grindstone 16 at the angular position "120°", and the dress lead DL (= W/2), the driving mechanism 120 is controlled. Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 to move the dresser 110 to the left end position of the grindstone 16 (coordinate value “0”).

As shown in FIG. 3B , the dresser 110 is sent in the right direction (upward direction in FIG. 3B ) by the dress lead DL (= W/2) in the outgoing path of the second step, so that the grinding stone 16 A spiral dress groove 202 is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16, starting at the angular position of "120°" at the left end and having the angular position of "120°" at the right end of the grindstone 16 as the end point. , see white arrow). The dress groove 202 spirals around the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 in parallel with the dress groove 201, that is, without intersecting. On the other hand, the dress groove 202 intersects the dress groove 211 created in the first step.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3B , the dresser 110 is sent in the left direction (downward direction in FIG. 3B ) by the dress lid DL (= W/2) in the return journey of the second step, and the grindstone 16 A spiral dress groove 212 is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 ( In the drawing, see the black arrow). The dress groove 212 spirals around the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 parallel to the dress groove 211, that is, without intersecting the dress groove 211. On the other hand, the dress groove 212 intersects the dress groove 201 created in the first step and the dress groove 202 created in the second step (outward route).

In the third process, the controller 150 moves the dresser 110 by shifting the phase (angular position of the grindstone 16) from the second process. Specifically, the controller 150 initiates contact of the dresser 110 to the left end position (coordinate value "0") of the grindstone 16 at the angular position "240°", and the dress lead DL (= W/2), the driving mechanism 120 is controlled. Subsequently, when the dresser 110 reaches the right end position of the grindstone 16 (coordinate “W”), the controller 150 reverses the moving direction of the dresser 110 and moves the dresser DL (= W/2), the driving mechanism 120 is controlled. Specifically, the controller 150 initiates contact of the dresser 110 to the right end position (coordinate value "W") of the grindstone 16 at the angular position "240°", and the dress lead DL (= W/2), the driving mechanism 120 is controlled. Then, the controller 150 controls the driving mechanism 120 to move the dresser 110 to the left end position of the grindstone 16 (coordinate value “0”).

As shown in FIG. 3C , the dresser 110 is sent in the right direction (upward direction in FIG. 3C ) by the dress lead DL (= W/2) in the outgoing path of the third process, A spiral dress groove 203 is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 with the left angular position "240°" as the starting point and the right angular position "240°" of the grindstone 16 as the end point. , see white arrow). The dress groove 203 spirals around the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 in parallel with the dress grooves 201 and 202, that is, without crossing each other. Meanwhile, the dress groove 203 intersects the dress groove 211 created in the first process and the dress groove 212 created in the second process.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3C , the dresser 110 is sent in the left direction (downward direction in FIG. 3C ) by the dress lid DL (= W/2) in the return journey in the third step, so that the grindstone 16 ), a spiral dress groove 213 with the angular position "240°" at the right end as the starting point and the angular position "240°" at the left end of the grindstone 16 as the end point is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 ( In the drawing, see the black arrow). The dress groove 213 spirals around the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 in parallel with the dress grooves 211 and 212, that is, without crossing each other. On the other hand, the dress grooves 213 intersect the dress grooves 201 to 203 generated in the first to third steps.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the dress grooves 201 to 203 generated in each outgoing path of the first to third processes are parallel and at equal intervals (ie, the same pitch DP (=DL/3)), and the grinding stone ( 16) is formed in a spiral shape on the outer circumferential surface. That is, three sets of dress grooves 201 to 203 are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 (the grindstone work surface). In addition, the dress grooves 211 to 213 generated in each return path of the first to third steps are parallel and at equal intervals (ie, the same pitch DP (=DL/3)) on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 created in a spiral shape. That is, three sets of dress grooves 211 to 213 intersecting the dress grooves 201 to 203 are formed on the outer circumferential surface (the grinding stone work surface) of the grindstone 16 .

Further, each of the dress grooves 201 to 203 and each of the dress grooves 211 to 213 intersect as described above. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3C, a horn body having a substantially lozenge-shaped area as a bottom surface surrounded by two of the dress grooves 201 to 203 and two of the dress grooves 211 to 213, In other words, substantially quadrangular pyramidal hills (dress mountains) are created. The dress shank corresponds to a part where the workpiece 12 is shaved on the surface grinding machine 1.

However, in the present embodiment, although the number of tides Z of the pair of multi-row dress grooves (dress grooves 201 to 203 and dress grooves 211 to 213) is 3, the number of tides Z may be 2 or more than 4. do. In this case, it is sufficient to change the amount of shifting the phase according to the tide number Z. In the present embodiment, since there are three sets, the phase is changed by “120°” and the dresser 110 is made to reciprocate three times. However, for example, in the case of two sets, the phase is changed by “180°”, 2 round trip. Further, for example, in the case of 4 sets, the dresser 110 may be reciprocated 4 times by changing "90°" at a time. That is, it is sufficient to create a pair of multi-dose dress grooves by changing the phase of the tide row Z by "(360/Z)°" and making the dresser 110 reciprocate Z.

[Action]

Next, with reference to FIG. 4 (FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B), the grinding stone 16 on which the dressing operation was performed in the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 2, that is, the dress grooves 201 to 203 shown in FIG. 3C, and The action of the grindstone 16 in which the dress grooves 211 to 213 are created will be described.

Fig. 4A is a diagram showing an example of a grindstone 16 on which a dressing operation was performed in a dressing apparatus according to a comparative example, and Fig. 4B is a diagram showing an example of a grindstone 16 on which a dressing operation was performed in a dressing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. It is a figure showing an example. Specifically, it is a developed view of the outer peripheral surface (grindstone working surface) of the grindstone 16.

However, the dressing apparatus concerning the comparative example corresponding to the prior art performs only the 1st process in the dressing apparatus 100 concerning this embodiment. In addition, in order to make the distance (pitch) of the dress grooves at the same angular position on the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 the same, the dress lead DLc in the dressing device according to the comparative example is W/6 (DLc = W /6). In addition, the black circle in the drawing schematically represents the apex of the dress mountain.

As shown in Fig. 4A, in the dressing apparatus according to the comparative example, on the outer circumferential surface (grind stone working surface) of the grindstone 16 where the dressing operation was performed, one spiral-shaped dress groove 201c intersects the dress groove 201c. One spiral-shaped dress groove 211c is created. In the comparative example, as described above, since the dress lead DLc = W/6, the dress grooves 201c and 211c spirally circumnavigate the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16, respectively. And, the rhomboidal dress ridge surrounded by the intersecting dress grooves 201c and 211c has two angular positions of 180° symmetry of the grindstone 16, specifically, the angular position “180°” and the angular position “360°” For (="0°"), it is created in an aspect aligned in the width direction. In other words, in the direction of the dress groove 201c or the dress groove 211c, two dress peaks are lined up per circumference of the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 (grindstone work surface).

In this way, in the dressing device according to the comparative example, in the grinding stone 16 on which the dressing operation was performed, only two angular positions of 180° symmetry are formed on the outer circumferential surface (grinding stone working surface). Therefore, when grinding the workpiece 12 while the grindstone 16 attached to the surface grinding machine 1 rotates, the portion of the workpiece 12 to be ground other than the vicinity of the two angular positions at which dress mountains are generated. There is a possibility that silver is hardly ground. Then, the difference between the part of the work material 12 cut at the dress mountain and the part that is hardly shaved becomes clear, and there is a possibility that waviness or chattering (chatter marks) may occur on the surface of the work material 12 . That is, there is a possibility of causing a quality deterioration of the work material 12 .

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, in the grinding stone 16 on which the dressing operation was performed in the dressing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, as described above, three sets of dress grooves 201 to 203 and the three sets of Three sets of dress grooves 211 to 213 crossing each of the dress grooves 201 to 203 are created. And, by the intersection of the three sets of dress grooves 201 to 203 and the three sets of dress grooves 211 to 213, six angular positions (angular positions "60°", "120°", "180°", "240°") °", "300°", and "360°" (="0°")), the dress mountains are created in the aspect of being aligned in the width direction. In other words, in the direction of the dress grooves 201 to 203 or the dress grooves 211 to 213, 6 (= 2 Z) per circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the grinding stone 16 (the working surface of the grinding stone) are arranged. there is.

Therefore, as the grindstone 16 mounted on the surface grinding machine 1 rotates, the dress mountains generated at six angular positions of the outer peripheral surface (the grindstone working surface) grind the workpiece 12, so that the workpiece ( 12) It is possible to suppress occurrence of surface waviness, chattering, and the like. Further, by further increasing the number of rows Z of the pair of multi-row dress grooves to be created (Z ≥ 4), the number of angular positions (= 2 Z) of the grindstone 16 at which the dress threads are arranged increases, so that the workpiece 12 ), it is possible to further suppress the occurrence of waviness and chattering on the surface.

However, the dress lead DL of the pair of dress grooves (that is, the amount of movement in the width direction per circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 16 of the dress grooves 201 to 203 and 211 to 213) is more preferably 0.1 mm or more. . In addition, the pitch DP of a pair of multi-jog dress grooves (that is, the interval in the width direction of two adjacent dress grooves 201 to 203 and two adjacent grinding stones 16 among the dress grooves 211 to 213) ) is more preferably 0.5 mm or less. However, the pitch DP of a pair of multi-row dress grooves is smaller than that of the dress leads DL.

[Second Example of Dressing Device]

Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the 2nd example of the dressing apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.

5 : is a figure which shows schematically the 2nd example of the structure of the dressing apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment.

The dressing apparatus 100 according to this example differs from the first example shown in FIG. 2 in that a plurality (three) of dressers 111 to 113 are provided instead of the dresser 110 .

Hereinafter, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected to the same structure as the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2, and explanation is given centering on a different part.

The dressers 111 to 113 are moved and driven integrally by the drive mechanism 120 in the left and right directions (positive and negative directions of the X axis in the drawing) and up and down directions (positive and negative directions of the Z axis in the drawing). Hereinafter, with reference to Fig. 6, a specific arrangement of the dressers 111 to 113 will be described.

Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the dressers 111 to 113 in detail.

As shown in Fig. 6, the dressers 111 to 113 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction.

The dressers 112 are displaced by a distance L1 in the left direction with respect to the left-right position of the dresser 111 (specifically, the left-right position of the tip of the dresser 111 that creates the dress groove) as a standard. The distance L1 is the sum of the integer multiple (n times) of the dress lead DL and the value obtained by dividing the dress lead DL by the tide number Z (= 3) (L1 = n DL + DL/Z (n: an integer greater than or equal to 1) ). In this way, when the dressers 111 to 113 are moved in the left and right directions by the dress lid DL, the dress grooves created by the dresser 112 are formed by the grindstone 16 relative to the dress grooves created by the dresser 111. It is displaced by DL/3 in the width direction.

The dressers 113 are displaced by a distance L2 in the left direction based on the left and right positions of the dressers 111 . The distance L2 is the sum of the integer multiple (m times) of the dress lead DL and the value obtained by dividing the multiple of the dress lead DL by the assistant number Z (= 3) (L2 = m DL + 2DL / Z (m: greater than n big integer)). In this way, when the dressers 111 to 113 are moved in the left and right directions by the dress lid DL, the dress groove created by the dresser 113 is formed by the grindstone 16 relative to the dress groove created by the dresser 111. It is displaced by 2DL/3 in the width direction.

However, since it is necessary to cut a plurality of dress grooves in the abrasive grain of the grindstone 16, the spacing (pitch) of the dress grooves is usually set sufficiently smaller than the external dimensions of the dressers 111 to 113. Therefore, as indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 6, the dressers 111 to 113 cannot simply be displaced left and right by DL/3.

[Second Example of Dressing Method]

Next, with reference to FIG. 7 ( FIGS. 7A to 7C ) and FIG. 8 ( FIGS. 8A to 8C ), the dressing method by the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 5 (the second of the dressing method according to this embodiment) Example) is explained.

7A to 7C and FIGS. 8A to 8C are diagrams illustrating a second example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment. Specifically, operation of the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 5 is shown.

In the dressing device 100 according to this example, while bringing (at least one of) the dressers 111 to 113 into contact with the rotating grindstone 16, the left and right ends of the grindstone 16 mounted on the rotating shaft 131 integrally The process of reciprocating between them (hereinafter referred to as "reciprocating process") is performed once. 7A to 7C and FIGS. 8A to 8C are development views of the outer circumferential surface (grindstone working surface) of the grindstone 16 showing the formation mode of dress grooves on the outbound and return routes during the reciprocating process.

However, in FIGS. 7B and 7C , the dress grooves already created by other dressers are indicated by dotted lines, and the dress grooves 202 and 203 created by the dressers 112 and 113 are shown by solid lines. indicate In addition, in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the dress grooves already created by the other dressers are indicated by dotted lines, and the dress grooves 212 and 213 created by the dresser 112 and the dresser 111 are indicated by solid lines. indicate Further, the reciprocating step in this example is performed in a flow in which the dressers 111 to 113 are moved from the left end to the right end of the grindstone 16 as a whole, and then moved from the right end to the left end. Further, in this example, the dress lead DL is 1/2 of the width W of the grindstone 16 (ie, the dress lead DL = W/2), similarly to the examples of FIGS. 3A to 3C . In addition, in this example, it is assumed that n≥2 and m≥4.

In the outgoing process during the reciprocating process, the controller 150 moves the rightmost dresser 111 among the dressers 111 to 113 from the angular position "0°" to the left end position of the grindstone 16 (coordinate value "0") Contact is initiated, and the driving mechanism 120 is controlled so that the dressers 111 to 113 move in the right direction to the dress lead DL (= W/2) as a whole. Then, the controller 150 controls the driving mechanism 120 to move the dresser 113 on the leftmost end of the dressers 111 to 113 to the right end position (coordinate value “W”).

In the outgoing path, first, as shown in Fig. 7A, the dresser 111 creates a dress groove 201. Specifically, the dresser 111 is sent in the right direction (upward direction in FIG. 7A) with the dress lid DL (= W/2), taking the angular position “0°” of the left end of the grindstone 16 as a starting point. Then, a spiral dress groove 201 having an angular position of “360°” (== 0°) at the right end of the grindstone 16 as an end point is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 (see the white arrow in the drawing). ).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7B , the dresser 112 creates a dress groove 202 . Specifically, the dresser 112 is sent in the right direction (upward direction in FIG. 7B) with the dress lid DL (= W/2), with the angle position “120°” at the left end of the grindstone 16 as the starting point. Then, a spiral dress groove 202 having an angular position of "120°" (="0°") at the right end of the grindstone 16 as an end point is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 (see the white arrow in the drawing). ).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7C , the dresser 113 creates a dress groove 203 . Specifically, the dresser 113 is sent in the right direction (upward direction in FIG. 7C) with the dress lid DL (= W/2), with the angular position “240°” of the left end of the grindstone 16 as the starting point. Then, a spiral dress groove 203 having an angular position of "240°" (="0°") at the right end of the grindstone 16 as an end point is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 (see white arrow in the drawing). ).

In addition, in the return journey during the reciprocating process, the controller 150 determines that the leftmost dresser 113 among the dressers 111 to 113 is at the right end position of the grindstone 16 at the angular position "0°" (coordinate value "W"). ), and the drive mechanism 120 is controlled so that the dressers 111 to 113 move leftward as a dresser DL (= W/2). Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 to move the dresser 111 on the rightmost side of the dressers 111 to 113 to the left end position (coordinate value “0”).

On the return journey, first, as shown in Fig. 8A, the dresser 113 creates a dress groove 211. Specifically, the dresser 113 is sent in the left direction (downward direction in FIG. 8A) with the dress lid DL (= W/2), and the angle position at the right end of the grindstone 16 is “0°” as a starting point. Then, a spiral dress groove 211 having an angular position of "360°" (="0°") at the left end of the grindstone 16 as an end point is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 (see the black arrow in the drawing). ).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8B , the dresser 112 creates a dress groove 212 . Specifically, the dresser 112 is sent in the left direction (downward direction in FIG. 8B) with the dress lid DL (= W/2), and the angle position at the right end of the grindstone 16 is “120°” as a starting point. Then, a spiral dress groove 212 having an angular position of "120°" at the left end of the grindstone 16 as an end point is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 (see the black arrow in the drawing).

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8C , the dresser 111 creates a dress groove 213 . Specifically, the dresser 111 is sent in the left direction (downward direction in FIG. 8C) with the dress lead DL (= W/2), and the angle position of the right end of the grindstone 16 is “240°” as a starting point. Then, a spiral dress groove 213 having an angular position of "240°" at the left end of the grindstone 16 as an end point is created on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 16 (see the black arrow in the drawing).

However, in this example, the dressers 113, 112, and 111 sequentially generate the dress grooves 211, 212, and 213 on the way back, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. For example, the dresser 113 may create the dress groove 213, the dresser 112 may create the dress groove 211, and the dresser 111 may create the dress groove 212. Further, for example, the dresser 113 may create the dress groove 212 , the dresser 112 may create the dress groove 213 , and the dresser 111 may create the dress groove 211 .

In this way, according to the dressing method of this example (that is, the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 5), a pair of multi-set dress grooves (three sets of dress grooves 201 to 203, and three sets of dress grooves) identical to those of FIG. 4B (211-213)) can be created.

In addition, according to the dressing method according to this example (namely, the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 5 ), since it is only necessary to reciprocate a plurality of dressers in the left and right directions as one body, a pair of multi-threads can be formed in a shorter time. You can create a dress home.

However, in the dressing apparatus 100 shown in Fig. 5, three dressers 111 to 113 are provided, but by providing four or more dressers, four or more pairs of multi-dressing grooves may be created. Also, a pair of four or more multi-row dress grooves may be created by reciprocating the dressers 111 to 113 integrally in the left-right direction a plurality of times.

[Third Example of Dressing Device]

Next, with reference to FIG. 9, the 3rd example of the dressing apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.

9 : is a figure which shows schematically the 3rd example of the structure of the dressing apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment.

In the dressing device 100 according to this example, as in the second example shown in FIG. 5, instead of the dresser 110, a plurality (three) of dressers 111 to 113 are provided, It is different from the first example shown.

In addition, in the dressing device 100 according to this example, each of the dressers 111 to 113 is at a different angular position (position in the circumferential direction) on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body 115 having a rotation axis along the left and right directions. It is different from the 1st example shown in FIG. 2 and the 2nd example shown in FIG. 5 in arrangement|positioning.

In addition, the dressing device 100 according to this example is further provided with a rotational position detection device 125 for detecting the rotational position of the rotating body 115. The first example shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 It is different from the second example shown in

Hereinafter, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected to the same structure as the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 5, and explanation is given centering on a different part.

The dressers 111 to 113 are disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body 115 having a rotation axis along the left and right directions. Hereinafter, a specific arrangement of the dressers 111 to 113 will be described with reference to FIG. 10 ( FIGS. 10A and 10B ).

10A and 10B are diagrams specifically illustrating arrangements of the dressers 111 to 113 . Specifically, FIG. 10A is a view of the rotating body 115 viewed from the left direction, and FIG. 10B is a view of the rotating body 115 viewed from the front.

However, in FIG. 10B , the dresser 113 is indicated by a dotted line because it is shaded by the rotating body 115 .

As shown in FIG. 10A , the dressers 111 to 113 are disposed at different angular positions (positions in the circumferential direction) of the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body 115 .

Further, as shown in Fig. 10B, the dressers 111 to 113 are arranged at intervals of DL/Z (in this example, the number of tides Z = 3) in the left-right direction. Specifically, with the left-right position of the dresser 111 as a reference, the dresser 112 is displaced leftward by DL/Z, and the dresser 113 is displaced leftward by 2DL/Z.

As will be described later, the rotating body 115 rotates at a sufficiently high rotational speed relative to the rotational speed of the grindstone 16 . Therefore, as shown by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 10B, when viewed from the side of the grindstone 16 rotating at a relatively low speed, it can be equated with a state in which the dressers 111 to 113 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction.

Returning to FIG. 9 , the drive mechanism 120 includes, for example, an additional servomotor and rotationally drives the rotating body 115 . The drive mechanism 120 has a rotational speed sufficiently higher than the rotational speed of the grindstone 16 by the rotation mechanism 130 (preferably, 10 times or more than the rotational speed of the grindstone 16 by the rotation mechanism 130). ) to rotate the rotating body 115. In addition, the driving mechanism 120 rotates the rotating body 115 in which the dressers 111 to 113 are provided, in the left-right direction (positive and negative directions of the X axis in the drawing) and in the vertical direction (positive and negative directions of the Z axis in the drawing). move to drive

The rotational position detecting device 125 is, for example, a rotary encoder and detects the rotational position (angular position) of the grindstone 16 of the rotary body 115 . The rotational position detection device 125 is connected to the controller 150 so that communication is possible, and a detection signal corresponding to the detected angular position of the rotating body 115 is transmitted to the controller 150 .

The controller 150 transmits a control command to the drive mechanism 120 to determine the horizontal position and vertical position of the rotating body 115 including the dressers 111 to 113 driven to move up and down and left and right by the drive mechanism 120. control the position In addition, the controller 150 confirms that the rotating body 115 is rotating at a sufficiently high speed with respect to the rotational speed of the grindstone 16 based on the detection signal from the rotational position detection device 125, The drive mechanism 120 is controlled.

[Third Example of Dressing Method]

Next, with reference to FIG. 11 (FIG. 11A - FIG. 11C), the dressing method (3rd example of the dressing method concerning this embodiment) by the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 9 is demonstrated.

11A to 11C are diagrams illustrating a third example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment. Specifically, operation of the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 9 is shown.

In the dressing device 100 according to this example, while bringing (at least one of) the dressers 111 to 113 into contact with the rotating grindstone 16, the left and right ends of the grindstone 16 mounted on the rotating shaft 131 integrally The process of reciprocating between them (hereinafter referred to as "reciprocating process") is performed once. 11A to 11C are development views of the outer circumferential surface (grindstone working surface) of the grindstone 16 showing the formation mode of the dress groove in the outgoing path during the reciprocating step.

In the outgoing process during the reciprocating process, the controller 150 moves the rightmost dresser 111 among the dressers 111 to 113 from the angular position "0°" to the left end position of the grindstone 16 (coordinate value "0") Contact is initiated, and the driving mechanism 120 is controlled so that the dressers 111 to 113 move in the right direction to the dress lead DL (= W/2) as a whole. Then, the controller 150 controls the driving mechanism 120 to move the dresser 113 on the leftmost end of the dressers 111 to 113 to the right end position (coordinate value “W”).

As shown in Fig. 11A, first, the dresser 111 starts generating the dress groove 201. Thereafter, when the grindstone 16 is rotated by 120°, the dresser 112 starts generating the dress groove 202 as shown in FIG. 11B. After that, when the grindstone 16 is further rotated by 120°, the dresser 113 starts generating the dress groove 203 as shown in FIG. 11C. After that, the dresser ( 111 to 113) simultaneously create dress grooves 201 to 203. Then, after the dresser 111 completes the creation of the dress groove 201 and the grindstone 16 rotates 120°, the dresser 112 ends the creation of the dress groove 202, and the grindstone 16 When further rotated by 120°, the dresser 113 ends generation of the dress grooves 203, and three sets of dress grooves 201 to 203 are completed.

In addition, in the return journey during the reciprocating process, the controller 150 determines that the leftmost dresser 113 among the dressers 111 to 113 is at the right end position of the grindstone 16 at the angular position "0°" (coordinate value "W"). ), and the drive mechanism 120 is controlled so that the dressers 111 to 113 move leftward as a dresser DL (= W/2). Then, the controller 150 controls the drive mechanism 120 to move the dresser 111 on the rightmost side of the dressers 111 to 113 to the left end position (coordinate value “0”).

Although not shown, the dressers 111 to 113 simultaneously create the dress grooves 211 to 213 for the return route as in the outbound route shown in Figs. 11A to 11C. Specifically, first, the dresser 113 starts generating the dress groove 211 . After that, when the grindstone 16 rotates 120°, the dresser 112 starts generating the dress groove 212 . After that, when the grindstone 16 rotates 120°, the dresser 111 starts generating the dress groove 213 . After that, the dresser ( 111 to 113) simultaneously create the dress grooves 211 to 213. After the dresser 113 completes the creation of the dress grooves 211 and the grindstone 16 rotates 120°, the dresser 112 ends the creation of the dress grooves 212, and the grindstone 16 When further rotated by 120°, the dresser 111 ends generation of the dress grooves 213, and three sets of dress grooves 211 to 213 are completed.

In this way, according to the dressing method according to the present example (namely, the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 9), a pair of multi-set dress grooves (three sets of dress grooves 201 to 203, and three sets of dress grooves) same as those in FIG. 4B. (211-213)) can be created.

In addition, according to the dressing method according to this example (namely, the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 9), since it is only necessary to reciprocate the rotating body provided with the plurality of dressers in the left and right directions, one time in a shorter time It is possible to create a pair of multi-piece dress grooves.

In addition, according to the dressing method according to this example (ie, the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 9), since a plurality of dressers are arranged at different angular positions of the rotating body, the space between each dresser in the left-right direction is minimized (ie, , DL/Z). In this way, the dimension occupied by the plurality of dressers in the left-right direction can be made smaller. That is, the compactness of the dressing device 100 can be achieved. In addition, it becomes possible to reduce the amount of movement of a plurality of dressers (rotating bodies provided thereon) in the left and right directions, and a pair of multi-row dress grooves can be created in a shorter time.

However, in the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 9, three dressers 111 to 113 are provided, but by providing four or more dressers at different angular positions (positions in the circumferential direction) of the rotating body 115, 4 One or more pairs of multi-row dress grooves may be created. Also, a pair of four or more multi-row dress grooves may be created by reciprocating the rotary body 115 on which the dressers 111 to 113 are provided a plurality of times in the left-right direction.

[Fourth Example of Dressing Device]

Next, with reference to FIG. 12, the 4th example of the dressing apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.

12 : is a figure which shows schematically the 4th example of the structure of the dressing apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment.

The dressing apparatus 100 concerning this example differs from the 1st example shown in FIG. 2 in that the rotation position detection apparatus 140 is abbreviate|omitted.

Hereinafter, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected to the same structure as the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2, and explanation is given centering on a different part.

The controller 150 controls the driving mechanism 120 so that the dresser 110 performs the dressing operation of the grindstone 16 according to the dress stroke DS and the dress speed V set in advance. Specifically, the controller 150 arranges the dresser 110 at a position corresponding to a preset dress stroke DS, and reciprocates in the left and right directions corresponding to the dressing operation at a preset dress speed V from the position. The operation is performed on the dresser 110 a plurality of times (that is, the number of times corresponding to the number of tides in the dress groove created on the grindstone 16).

However, the dress speed V is an absolute speed for moving the dresser 110 in the left and right directions, and is different from the dress speed DL, which depends on the number of revolutions of the grindstone 16. Also, the dress stroke DS is a stroke amount for moving the dresser 110 in the left and right directions in the dressing operation of the grindstone 16 . Specifically, the dress stroke DS is set to be equal to or greater than the width W of the grindstone 16, and is a value obtained by adding the width W of the grindstone 16 to the amount of empty stroke before contacting the grindstone 16.

[Fourth Example of Dressing Method]

Next, with reference to FIG. 13 (FIG. 13A, FIG. 13B), the dressing method (fourth example of the dressing method concerning this embodiment) by the dressing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 12 is demonstrated.

13A and 13B are diagrams illustrating a fourth example of a dressing method according to the present embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 13A is a diagram schematically showing the operation of the dresser 110 in the dressing operation of the grindstone 16 by the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. 12 . In addition, FIG. 13B is an image showing the flow of each process in the dressing operation of the grindstone 16 by the dressing device 100 shown in FIG. It is also

As described above, in the dressing device 100 according to this example, since the rotational position detection device 140 of the grindstone 16 is omitted, the controller 150 controls the operation of the dresser 110 using the grindstone 16 cannot be synchronized with the rotation of Therefore, in this example, the dress speed V, the dress stroke DS, and the rotational speed of the grindstone so that the same pair of multi-row dress grooves as shown in FIG. Adjust ω in advance. Hereinafter, a concrete explanation is given.

However, in this example, the description is made on the premise that default values DSd and Vd are provided for the dress stroke DS and the dress speed V. Similarly, explanation is given on the premise that the default value ωd is provided for the rotational speed ω of the grindstone 16 .

As shown in FIG. 13A , the dresser 110 is driven by the drive mechanism 120 controlled by the controller 150, and the position corresponding to the dress stroke DS, that is, one end in the width direction of the grindstone 16 ( Using the position (initial position) separated by the dress stroke DS from the left end in the drawing toward the other end (right end in the drawing) as a reference, a pair of multi-step dress grooves are created in the grindstone 16 by reciprocating in the left and right directions. Specifically, the dresser 110, under the control of the driving mechanism 120 by the controller 150, moves from the initial position (refer to the dresser 110 indicated by a solid line or dashed-dotted line in the drawing) toward the grindstone 16 at a dress speed of When moving to V and reaching one end (left end) of the grindstone 16 (refer to the dresser 110 of the dotted line in the drawing), it returns and moves to the initial position at the dress speed V. as much as the number of pairs of dress homes).

At this time, as shown in FIG. 13B, in the moving step of the dresser 110, the roughing step S0 from the initial position before contacting the grindstone 16, while contacting the grinding work surface (outer peripheral surface) of the grindstone 16 in the width direction Reciprocating dressing step S1, returning from one end (right end) of grindstone 16 to the initial position, returning from the initial position again, and running step S2 until reaching one end (right end) of grindstone 16 are included. . In the dresser 110, after the first casting step S0, a pair of multi-threaded dress grooves are created while repeating the reciprocating step composed of the dressing step S1 and the winding step S2.

Here, in the case of generating a pair of multiple dress grooves by assistant Z, the dress grooves created in the second and subsequent reciprocating steps are 2π/Z [rad] with respect to the dress grooves created in the previous reciprocating step, that is, It is necessary to shift the phase by the pitch θ in the circumferential direction of the multi-row dress groove. That is, the angular position at which the contact with the grindstone 16 starts in any reciprocating step needs to be deviated by the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove from the angular position at which the contact with the grindstone 16 is first initiated in the previous reciprocating step. there is. Hereinafter, the difference between the angular position at which contact with the grindstone 16 starts in a certain round-trip process and the angular position at which contact with the grindstone 16 starts at the beginning of the previous round-trip process, that is, the grindstone 16 generated by the round-trip process ) is referred to as the phase difference φ generated by the reciprocating process.

The phase difference phi [rad] generated by the reciprocating process can be represented by the following formula (1) using the number of revolutions N of the grindstone 16 during the reciprocating process.

φ = {N-int(N)} 2π... (One)

However, int(N) represents the integer part of the number of revolutions N.

The number of revolutions N of the grindstone 16 between the reciprocating steps can be expressed by the following formula (2) using the rotational speed ω of the grindstone 16 and the required time T of the reciprocating step.

N=ωT . . . (2)

In addition, the required time T of the reciprocating process can be expressed by the following formula (3) using the dress speed V and the dress stroke DS.

T=2 DS/V... (3)

Therefore, the number of rotations N of the grindstone 16 between the reciprocating steps is the following formula using the rotational speed ω, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS of the grindstone 16 from equations (2) and (3) (4) can be expressed as

N=2ω·DS/V . . . (4)

According to equations (1) and (4), the phase difference φ generated by the reciprocating process can be expressed using the rotational speed ω of the grindstone 16, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS. That is, the phase difference φ can be adjusted by adjusting at least one of the rotational speed ω of the grindstone 16, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS.

If the rotational speed ω, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS of the grindstone 16 are the default values Vd, DSd, and ωd, as described above, the phase difference φ is the circumferential pitch of the multi-row dress groove θ (= 2π/ In the case of Z), the controller 150 causes the dresser 110 to perform the reciprocating process (ie, the dressing process S1 and the winding process S2 in solid lines) by the number of tides Z while remaining in the default state. A pair of multi-row dress grooves as shown in (b) can be created.

On the other hand, when there is a difference between the phase difference φ generated by the reciprocating process and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove, the grindstone ( 16), at least one of the rotational speed ω, dress speed V, and dress stroke DS needs to be changed from the default values Vd, DSd, and ωd.

For example, by changing the dress stroke DS by the dress stroke conversion correction amount ΔX (see Figs. 13A and 13B) corresponding to the phase difference correction amount Δφ (=φ - θ) obtained by reducing the circumferential pitch θ from the phase difference φ, the phase difference φ and The circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove can be the same. The dress stroke conversion correction amount ΔX is expressed by the following formula (5) using the dress speed V and the rotational speed ω of the grindstone 16.

ΔX = (V/2ω) Δφ... (5)

Therefore, by setting and changing the dress stroke DS to a value obtained by adding the dress stroke conversion correction amount ΔX to the default value DSd (correction dress stroke value DSc), the controller 150 simply sets the initial value corresponding to the dress stroke DS (= DSc). From the position (see the dresser 110 indicated by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 13A) at the dress speed V (= Vd), the dresser 110 is subjected to a reciprocating step (ie, the dressing step S1 and the dotted line step S2 in FIG. 13B). Only with this, it is possible to create a pair of multi-jog dress grooves on the grindstone 16.

However, in this example, the dress stroke DS is changed from the default value DSd, but the dress speed V and the rotational speed ω of the grindstone 16 are changed from the default values Vd and ωd, so that the phase difference φ and the circumferential pitch of the multi-step dress groove θ may be made equal. Further, in the idle step S2, the operation of the dresser 110 may be temporarily stopped for a time corresponding to the phase difference correction amount Δφ, so that the phase difference φ and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-row dress groove may be made the same. That is, in idle step S2, you may provide a dwell time corresponding to the amount of phase difference correction Δφ. In addition, in this example, the dress stroke DS and the like are changed based on the default state, but the rotation of the grindstone 16 is appropriate so that the phase difference φ and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-step dress groove become the same within a predetermined range. The speed ω, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke DS may be adjusted.

In this way, in this example, the rotational speed ω of the grindstone 16, the dress speed V, and the dress stroke so that the phase difference φ generated by the reciprocating process and the circumferential pitch θ (= 2π/Z) of the multi-row dress groove become the same. Set the DS in advance. In this way, the controller 150 can create a pair of multi-row dress grooves without using the rotational position detecting device 140.

[Fifth Example of Dressing Method]

Next, with reference to FIG. 14 (FIG. 14A - FIG. 14C), the 5th example of the dressing method by the dressing apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.

In this example, as in the first to fourth examples of the above-described dressing method, a pair of multi-row dress grooves are created on the grinding surface of the grindstone 16 by the dressing device 100, and the generated In the aspect of tracing a pair of multi-row dress grooves, the same dressing operation is performed more than once.

For example, in the case of the first to third examples of the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment described above, the controller 150, based on the detection signal of the rotational position detection device 140, grindstone 16 By properly synchronizing the angular position of and the left-right position of the dresser 110 (contact position in the width direction of the grindstone 16), a pair of multi-row dress grooves created in the first dressing operation are traced. In the aspect of tracing the dresser In (110), the second and subsequent dressing operations can be performed. In addition, for example, in the case of the dressing device 100 according to the fourth example related to the present embodiment described above, the rotational speed ω of the grindstone 16 is set in advance so that the phase difference φ and the circumferential pitch θ of the multi-step dress groove become the same. , dress speed V, and dress stroke DS can be set in advance. In this way, the controller 150 simply causes the dresser 110 to perform the reciprocating process from the initial position corresponding to the dress stroke DS to the dress speed V, and the pair of multi-threads generated in the first dressing operation In the aspect of tracing the dress groove, the dresser 110 can be made to perform the second and subsequent dressing operations.

14A to 14C are views showing a fourth example of a dressing method using the dressing device 100 according to the present embodiment. Specifically, FIGS. 14A to 14C show a pair of multi-row dress grooves created in the first dressing operation are traced in the second and subsequent dressing operations. Dress grooves formed by further performing a dressing operation. It is a diagram showing the change of More specifically, FIG. 14A is a diagram schematically showing the depth of a dress groove created by the first dressing operation, and FIG. 14B is a diagram schematically showing the depth of a dress groove after the second dressing operation. 14C is a diagram schematically showing the depth of the dress groove after the N (≧3)th dressing operation.

For example, as shown in FIG. 14A, in the first dressing operation, the contact depth (cutting amount) between the grinding work surface of the grindstone 16 and the dresser 110 is set to a relatively small value (e.g., about 10 μm, preferably about 10 μm). Preferably, less than 10 μm), a pair of relatively shallow multi-row dress grooves are created. If the amount of cutting in one dressing operation is relatively large in order to create a relatively deep groove at once, the phenomenon that the abrasive grains are broken (fracture phenomenon) or the binder cannot withstand the cutting force and the abrasive grains fall off (dropping phenomenon) occurs. This is because there is a high possibility that a deep dress groove cannot be obtained by doing so.

Then, as shown in Figs. 14B and 14C, the second and subsequent dressing operations are performed so as to trace the dress grooves created in the first dressing operation. Even in the second dressing operation, as described above, the cutting amount of the dresser 110 relative to the grinding surface of the grindstone 16 is set to be relatively small in order to suppress the crushing phenomenon or the dropping phenomenon. As a result, the depth of each of the pair of dress grooves of the grindstone 16 gradually deepens as the dressing operation is repeated.

Thus, in this example, in the aspect of tracing the created pair of multi-row dress grooves, further dressing operation is performed to obtain a pair of relatively deep multi-row dress grooves while suppressing the occurrence of crushing and drop-off phenomena. can create Specifically, in one dressing operation, only a dress groove with a depth of less than 10 μm and a maximum depth of about 20 μm to 30 μm can be created normally, but according to this example, a very deep dress groove exceeding 100 μm can be created. can make it Therefore, since the grindstone 16 on which the dressing operation has been performed according to the dressing method of this example has a very deep groove, the grinding powder can be discharged to the outside of the grindstone via the deep dress groove. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of clogging of the grindstone 16 and to take a relatively long interval for performing the dressing operation (i.e., the period between the dressing operation and the next dressing operation).

[Processing method using a grinding stone with a pair of multi-jog dress grooves]

Next, with reference to Figs. 15 and 16, a description will be given of a method of processing a workpiece 12 using a grindstone 16 in which a pair of multi-row dress grooves are created by the dressing method according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a processing method using a grindstone 16 in which a dressing operation is performed by the dressing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 15 shows periodic cycles on the surface of the workpiece 12 using the flat grinding machine 1 equipped with the grindstone 16 where the dressing operation was performed by the dressing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. It is a side view showing the situation in which the concave portion is formed.

However, in this example, a pair of four dress grooves (tide Z = 4) are formed in the grindstone 16.

As shown in FIG. 15, when the movable table 10 moves in the X direction (left direction in the drawing), the workpiece 12 is sent in the X direction, and the surface of the workpiece 12 is moved to the grindstone 16 rotating. is ground by

As described above, on the grinding work surface of the grindstone 16, dress edges twice as many as the rough number Z (in this example, eight dress edges twice as large as the rough number 4) 16A are formed in the circumferential direction. Therefore, on the surface (surface to be ground) of the workpiece 12, when viewed microscopically, the distance that the workpiece 12 is sent in the X direction during one revolution of the grindstone 16 (that is, the distance of the movable table 10). Between the moving distance) L, a 2·Z continuous concave portion 12A corresponding to the 2·Z (= 8) dress mountain 16A formed on the outer periphery of the grindstone 16 is formed.

The control device 20 of the surface grinding machine 1 repeatedly reciprocates the movable table 10 while synchronizing the position of the movable table 10 in the X direction and the angular position of the grindstone 16, so that the grindstone ( The part of the periodic concave part 12A formed in the work material 12 can be repeatedly ground to the dress thread 16A of 16). Therefore, by using the flat grinding machine 1, periodic concave portions 12A having a relatively large depth (for example, a depth of several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm) and continuing in the conveying direction are formed in the workpiece 12. can make it

The moving distance L of the movable table 10 per rotation of the grindstone 16 is expressed by the following equation (6) using the moving speed Vt of the movable table 10 and the rotational speed ωg of the grindstone 16 .

L=Vt/ωg... (6)

Further, the pitch p in the feed direction of the periodic concave portions 12A formed in the workpiece 12, that is, in the X direction, is expressed by the following formula (7).

p=L/2Z . . . (7)

For example, when the moving speed Vt of the movable table 10 and the rotational speed ωg of the grindstone 16 are the conditions of the following equations (8) and (9), the movable table per rotation of the grindstone 16 ( The movement distance L of 10) is calculated according to the following equation (10).

Vt=40 [m/min] … (8)

ωg = 1000 [rpm] … (9)

L=0.04 [m] … (10)

Accordingly, the pitch p of the periodic concave portions 12A formed in the workpiece 12 is calculated according to the following equation (11) in the case of the number of tides Z = 4.

p = 0.04/2 4 = 0.005 [m] = 5 [mm] ... (11).

Similarly, for example, when a pair of dress grooves of 10 sets are formed in the grindstone 16, that is, when the number of tides Z = 10, the pitch p is further shortened to 2 [mm]. Further, for example, when two pairs of dress grooves are formed in the grindstone 16, that is, even in the case of the number of tides Z = 2, the pitch p is 10 [mm].

In this way, while synchronizing the processing method according to the present example, that is, the ridge of the grindstone 16 and the concave portion 12A formed on the surface of the workpiece 12, By repeatedly grinding the concave portion 12A, a relatively small pitch p while having a relatively large depth (for example, in the range of 10 μm or less, preferably a depth of several tens of μm to several hundred μm) That is, periodically continuous concave portions 12A having a pit length (for example, in the range of 10 mm or less, preferably 5 mm or less) can be formed on the surface to be ground of the work material 12.

As described above, the periodically continuous concave portion 12A formed by the processing method according to this example has a small pit length and a relatively large depth, so it is a dynamic sliding surface of a machine tool. It is suitable for use as an oil storage part for lubricating oil in (sliding surface).

For example, FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a sliding surface (dynamic pressure sliding surface) to which a plurality of concave portions 12A generated by the processing method shown in FIG. 15 can be applied. Specifically, FIG. 16 is a sectional view in the X direction showing an example of the detailed structure of the movable table 10 in the surface grinding machine 1. As shown in FIG.

As shown in Fig. 16, the movable table 10 includes a movable table main body 10A and guided leg portions 10B provided at both ends in the Y direction of the lower surface of the movable table main body.

Guided leg portion 10B is arranged on a guide rail 14 as a fixing portion provided on surface grinding machine 1 .

The lower surface of the guided leg portion 10B, that is, the sliding surface 10BS, accompanies the movement of the movable table 10 in the X direction, and the guide rail surface 14S of the guide rail 14 (an example of a fixed surface) ) and sliding. That is, the sliding surface 10BS of the guided leg portion 10B corresponds to a dynamic pressure sliding surface. Therefore, by applying the processing method shown in FIG. 15 to the sliding surface 10BS of the guided leg portion 10B, a relatively large depth and relatively small pit length formed continuously in the moving direction of the movable table 10 can be obtained. A plurality of concave portions 12A can be provided. As a result, when the movable table 10 is stationary, the static friction force between the sliding surface 10BS and the guide rail surface 14S increases, and the accuracy of positioning and the like tends to deteriorate. Since 12A can be used as an oil reservoir, sliding resistance can be reduced and accuracy can be improved. In addition, normally, in order to form the oil reservoir in the dynamic pressure sliding guide surface, manual processing such as scraping is required, and the processing efficiency is extremely low. Since the concave portion 12A can be formed, the processing efficiency can be greatly improved.

[Configuration of Cylindrical Grinding Machine]

Next, with reference to Figs. 17 and 18, a cylindrical grinding machine will be described as another example of the grinding machine according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 17 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of a cylindrical grinding machine according to the present embodiment. However, in the figure, the X direction and the Y direction represent horizontal directions, and the Z direction represents the height direction orthogonal to the X and Y directions. In the figure, the θ1 direction represents the rotational direction of the grindstone 16, and the θ2 direction represents the rotational direction of the workpiece 52.

The cylindrical grinding machine according to this example is a plane shown in FIG. 1 in that it grinds the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical work material 52 instead of the plate-shaped work material 12 by bringing the rotating grindstone 16 into contact with it. It is different from the grinding machine 1.

Hereinafter, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected to the same structure as surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1, and explanation is given centering on a different part.

The cylindrical grinding machine grinds the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 52 with the grindstone 16 by rotating the workpiece 52 rotatably supported at both ends in the θ2 direction and further rotating the grindstone 16 in the θ1 direction. do.

Also in this example, since the grindstone 16 having the same structure as the surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, occurrence of waviness, chattering, or the like on the surface of the workpiece 52 can be suppressed.

Fig. 18 is a diagram schematically showing another example of the configuration of the cylindrical grinding machine according to the present embodiment. However, in the figure, the X direction and the Y direction represent horizontal directions, and the Z direction represents the height direction orthogonal to the X and Y directions. In the figure, the θ1 direction represents the rotational direction of the grindstone 16, the θ2 direction represents the rotational direction of the workpiece 52, and the θ3 direction represents the rotational direction of the steering wheel 67.

The cylindrical grinding machine according to this example includes a grindstone 16, an adjustment wheel 67, and a support blade 68, and uses the adjustment wheel 67 and the support blade 68 to grind a cylindrical workpiece 52. It is different from the example shown in FIG. 17 in that the workpiece 52 is sandwiched between the grindstone 16 and the steering wheel 67 while being rotated and the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 52 is ground.

Hereinafter, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected to the same structure as the cylindrical grinding machine shown in FIG. 17, and explanation is given centering on a different part.

The steering wheel 67 has a columnar shape and is arranged so that its central axis is parallel to the Y direction. The steering wheel 67 is rotatably supported and rotates, for example, in the θ3 direction using a servomotor or the like as a driving force source.

The support blade 68 supports the work material 52 from the lower side. The support blade 68 is disposed below the arrangement area for the workpiece 52 between the grindstone 16 and the steering wheel 67.

Also in this example, since the grindstone 16 having the same structure as the surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, occurrence of waviness, chattering, or the like on the surface of the workpiece 52 can be suppressed.

[Configuration of the inner grinding machine]

Next, with reference to Fig. 19, an inner grinding machine will be described as another example of the grinding machine according to the present embodiment.

19 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of an inner grinding machine according to the present embodiment. However, in the figure, the X direction and the Y direction represent horizontal directions, and the Z direction represents the height direction orthogonal to the X and Y directions. In the figure, the θ1 direction represents the rotational direction of the grindstone 16, and the θ2 direction represents the rotational direction of the workpiece 72.

The inner grinding machine according to this example has a grindstone 16 and a grindstone rotation shaft 77, and the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical workpiece 72 is brought into contact with the grindstone 16 rotating together with the grindstone rotation shaft 77, It is different from the flat grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that it grinds the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece 72.

Hereinafter, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected to the same structure as surface grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1, and explanation is given centering on a different part.

The inner surface grinding machine rotates the workpiece 72 rotatably supported in the Y direction as a rotation axis by a magnet or the like in the θ2 direction, and further rotates the grindstone 16 in the θ1 direction, so that the inner circumferential surface of the workpiece 72 is polished with a grindstone ( 16).

Also in this example, since the grindstone 16 having the same configuration as the flat grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided, occurrence of waviness, chattering, or the like on the surface of the workpiece 72 can be suppressed.

As mentioned above, although the form for carrying out this invention was demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to this specific embodiment, Within the scope of the summary of this invention described in the claim, various deformation|transformation and change are possible. Do.

This international application claims priority based on Taiwan Patent Application No. 106116131 filed on May 16, 2017, and the entire contents of the application are incorporated herein by reference.

1 surface grinding machine
10 movable table
10A movable table body
10B guided leg
10BS sliding surface
12 Workpiece
14 guide rail
14S guide rail surface (fixed surface)
15 Stone head
16 Jiseok
18 guide rail
20 Controls
40 display
100 dressing device
110, 111, 112, 113 Dresser
115 rotating body
120 drive mechanism
125 Rotation Position Detection Device
130 rotation mechanism
131 rotary shaft
140 Rotation Position Detection Device
150 controller
201~203 Dress groove (1st spiral groove)
211~213 Dress groove (2nd spiral groove)

Claims (10)

As a dressing method of a grindstone used in a grinding machine,
generating two or more parallel first spiral grooves on an outer circumferential surface of the grindstone by controlling the left and right positions of a dresser brought into contact with the grindstone while synchronizing with the angular position of the grindstone;
Two or more second spiral grooves in parallel intersecting each of the two or more first spiral grooves on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone by controlling the left and right positions of the dresser brought into contact with the grindstone while synchronizing with the angular position of the grindstone the process of generating
to provide,
Forming four or more cones in the circumferential direction of the grindstone having a lozenge-shaped area as the bottom surface surrounded by two dress grooves of the two or more first spiral grooves and two of the two or more second spiral grooves , dressing method. According to claim 1,
The first spiral groove and the second spiral groove, the depth of which is at least 10μm or more, the dressing method. According to claim 1 or 2,
In the aspect of tracing the generated two or more first spiral grooves and the two or more second spiral grooves, further performing the step of generating the first spiral groove and the step of generating the second spiral groove, Dressing Way. As a dressing device for performing a dressing operation of a grindstone used in a grinding machine,
A dresser that contacts the outer circumferential surface of the rotating grindstone to create a spiral groove;
A rotational position detecting device for detecting an angular position of the grindstone;
controller
including,
The controller,
A step of generating two or more parallel first spiral grooves on an outer circumferential surface of the grindstone;
A process of generating two or more parallel second spiral grooves intersecting each of the two or more first spiral grooves on the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone.
configured to run
The controller is configured to control the left-right position of the dresser while synchronizing with the angular position of the grindstone based on a detection signal received from the rotation position detecting device,
The controller may also, in the circumferential direction of the grindstone, form a cone having a lozenge-shaped area surrounded by two dress grooves among the two or more first spiral grooves and two dress grooves among the two or more second spiral grooves as a bottom surface. Which is configured to form four or more, dressing device. According to claim 4,
In an aspect of tracing the generated two or more first spiral grooves and the two or more second spiral grooves, the controller further includes a step of generating the first spiral groove and a step of generating the second spiral groove. Which is configured to control the dresser to do, dressing device. As a grindstone used for grinding machines,
A plurality of first spiral grooves provided on the outer circumferential surface;
As a plurality of second spiral grooves provided on the outer circumferential surface, a plurality of second spiral grooves crossing each of the plurality of first spiral grooves
to provide,
Each of the first spiral groove and the second spiral groove surrounds the central axis two or more times along the central axis of the grindstone,
Four or more cones are formed in the circumferential direction of the grindstone with a rhomboidal area as the bottom surface surrounded by two dress grooves among the plurality of first spiral grooves and two dress grooves among the plurality of second spiral grooves, Jiseok. The stone mentioned in paragraph 6
Having a, grinding machine. delete delete delete

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