KR102485856B1 - Pressure retarded osmosis membrane aggregates and pressure retarded osmosis module comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly and a pressure-delayed osmosis module including the same, and more particularly, improves the flow rate inside the osmosis membrane so that osmosis can be smoothly performed even when formed in a spiral wound shape, and has excellent pressure resistance At the same time, it relates to a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly exhibiting a high power density effect and a pressure-delayed osmosis module including the same.

Description

Pressure-retarded osmosis membrane aggregates and pressure-retarded osmosis module comprising the same

The present invention relates to a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly and a pressure-delayed osmosis module including the same, and more particularly, improves the flow rate inside the osmosis membrane so that osmosis can be smoothly performed even when formed in a spiral wound shape, and has excellent pressure resistance At the same time, it relates to a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly exhibiting a high power density effect and a pressure-delayed osmosis module including the same.

When a semi-permeable membrane, which is permeable to water but hardly permeable to solutes (ions and molecules) dissolved in water, is installed between a high-concentration solution and a low-concentration solution, the solvent of the low-concentration solution moves to the high-concentration solution to achieve concentration equilibrium. A natural phenomenon occurs, which is called "osmosis" or "osmosis". Osmosis was discovered by German chemist M. Traube in 1867, and the osmotic pressure generated by osmosis was first measured by Pepper in 1877.

The osmosis phenomenon as described above is the core of desalination technology using seawater, which is one of the ways to solve the serious water shortage due to climate change due to global warming, increase in industrial water due to industrialization, and increase in water demand due to population growth.

However, the seawater desalination process to date is a highly energy-intensive process, and it still has limitations in terms of economy unless it is in a water-scarce region such as the Middle East.

Methods for removing and using salts in seawater can be largely divided into evaporation and reverse osmosis.

The reverse osmosis method is a technology that has been used for the past 30 years and has a high degree of completion. Recently, development of technologies focusing on improvement of reverse osmosis membranes capable of obtaining a high recovery rate even at low pressure continues.

On the other hand, due to the continuation of the above technology development, recently, technologies for recovering high-pressure energy of brine discharged from the reverse osmosis process have appeared, and as the separation membrane technology has also made rapid progress, interest in osmosis power generation introduced in 1976 this is increasing

Osmosis power generation means the production of electricity by using the osmotic action at the place where two streams with a difference in salinity meet. can be used in production.

The power generation uses a reverse osmosis (RO) method and a pressure delayed osmosis (PRO) method. When the high-concentration seawater side is applied at a pressure lower than the osmotic pressure using the pressure-delayed osmosis method, the flux of water passing through the membrane is reduced by the osmotic pressure, and as a result, the osmotic pressure is changed to water pressure, and the generated water pressure is used to turn the turbine and generate electricity will produce

Electricity production using pressure delayed osmosis as described above can respond to global warming, which is an international issue, is a renewable energy that can replace current fossil fuel energy, and is environmentally friendly because it uses seawater, an infinite energy source, and does not generate carbon dioxide. It is urgent to develop technology for zero inba. To this end, it is necessary to simultaneously develop various technologies, such as the development of pressure-delayed osmosis separation membranes, the development of osmosis modules, and the development of pressure-delayed osmosis power generation plants.

In the case of the dual pressure-delayed osmosis module, it is a part that can induce a difference in osmotic pressure, which is one of the core of osmosis power generation, and a maximum difference in osmotic pressure must be generated across the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane. To this end, it is necessary to maintain or flow smoothly as much as possible of the two solutions having different concentrations across the osmosis membrane.

However, the osmosis membrane among conventional spiral-wound pressure-delayed osmosis modules is composed of two osmosis membranes in an envelope shape, and water flows into the envelope-shaped osmosis membrane from the porous permeate outflow pipe of the osmosis module and seawater flows outside the envelope-shaped osmosis membrane. There is a problem in that it is difficult to introduce water into the envelope-shaped osmosis membrane from the porous permeate outflow pipe to create a difference in osmotic pressure.

In addition, in the case of pressure-delayed osmosis, as in reverse osmosis, the water of a high-concentration solution does not apply enough pressure to move to a low-concentration solution, but the flux of water due to osmosis is minimized while converting the formed osmotic pressure into water pressure to apply a certain pressure to generate electricity Bar, there is a problem in that an internal space is not created in the envelope-shaped osmosis membrane due to the pressure and they are attached to each other, making it more difficult for water to flow into the envelope-shaped osmosis membrane from the porous permeate outlet pipe.

Furthermore, there is a problem that the osmosis membrane may be damaged due to pressure applied from the outside of the envelope-shaped osmosis membrane due to low pressure resistance, or the osmosis membrane may be damaged due to the spacer provided inside the osmosis membrane.

1 is a perspective view of a conventional pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly. Conventionally, in order to solve the above problem, a spacer 2 for forming a flow path was provided inside the envelope-shaped osmosis membranes 1 and 3 as shown in FIG. Even through this, there was still a problem that the osmotic pressure was not smooth due to the low flow rate.

Conventionally, a forward osmosis membrane and a method for manufacturing the forward osmosis membrane are disclosed, and it is disclosed that the forward osmosis membrane can be used for pressure-delayed osmosis. Conventionally, in an embodiment, a single or double layer membrane having a mesh as a base or a core is disclosed by coating a support polymer on one side or both sides of a tricot-type mesh support material and applying a membrane barrier layer on one side or both sides of the coated support polymer. are doing Conventionally, it is described that spacers individually included in the film may not be included through the above embodiment, but through this, only the advantage of not performing a process of manufacturing or providing spacers separately is disclosed, and the above method Even when formed in a spiral wound shape, there is a problem in that the flow rate inside the osmosis membrane can be improved so that the osmotic action can be performed smoothly, and the power density cannot be obtained while having excellent pressure resistance.

KR 2012-0065364 A

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the flow rate inside the osmosis membrane so that the osmosis action can be performed smoothly even when it is formed in a spiral wound shape, and has excellent pressure resistance and power It is to provide a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly having a high-density effect and a pressure-delayed osmosis module including the same.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has a first separator, a mesh sheet layer, a tricot filter fabric layer, a mesh sheet layer, and a second separator layer sequentially stacked, and the tricot filter fabric layer has peaks and valleys. The tricot filter fabric layer includes a first tricot filter fabric having a crossing angle of -5 to 5° between the inflow direction of the feed solution and the direction of valley formation, and the tricot filter fabric layer in the inflow direction of the feed solution. It provides a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly comprising a second tricot filter fabric having an intersection angle of 85 to 95 ° in the direction of bone formation.

According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tricot filter fabric layer may include 2 to 4 tricot filter fabrics.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tricot filter fabric may have a thickness of 10 to 22 mil.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly may further include the mesh sheet on each of the lower surface of the first separator and the upper surface of the second separator.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the first separator and the second separator may have a thickness of 70 to 250 μm.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mesh sheet may have a thickness of 27 to 37 mil and an air gap of 6 to 20 mm 2 .

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the first separator and the second separator may include a support, a polymer support layer formed on the support, and a polyamide-based active layer formed on the polymer support layer.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support is a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric made of natural fibers including one synthetic fiber selected from polyester, polypropylene, nylon, and polyethylene, or cellulose-based pulp. can

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polymer support layer is one selected from among polysulfone-based polymers, polyamide-based polymers, polyimide-based polymers, polyester-based polymers, olefin-based polymers, halogenated polymers, and polyacrylic-based polymers. may be ideal

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the tricot filter fabric layer, the first tricot filter fabric and the second tricot filter fabric may be alternately laminated from the first separator direction.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the tricot filter fabric layer, a second tricot filter fabric, a first tricot filter fabric, and a second tricot filter fabric may be alternately laminated from the first separator direction. there is.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tricot filtering fabric layer comprises a first tricot filtering fabric, a second tricot filtering fabric, a first tricot filtering fabric, and a second tricot filtering fabric from the direction of the first separator. Fabrics may be alternately laminated.

Meanwhile, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a pressure-delayed osmosis module including the aforementioned pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly wound in a spiral wound shape.

The pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly and the pressure-delayed osmosis module including the assembly of the present invention improve the flow rate inside the osmosis membrane so that osmosis can be performed smoothly even when formed in a spiral wound form, and have excellent pressure resistance and high power density. indicate

1 is a perspective view of a conventional pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly.
2 is a perspective view of a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure-delayed osmotic membrane included in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a perspective view of a case in which a preferred embodiment of the present invention is wound in a spiral wound shape.
5 is an exploded perspective view of a pressure-delayed osmosis module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a perspective view of a tricot filter fabric layer including two layers of tricot filter fabric according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a perspective view of a tricot filter fabric layer including three layers of tricot filter fabric according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a perspective view of a tricot filter fabric layer including four layers of tricot filter fabric according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As described above, in the conventional spiral-wound pressure-delayed osmosis module, it is difficult to introduce water into the envelope-shaped osmosis membrane from the porous permeate outlet pipe.

In addition, in the case of pressure-delayed osmosis, as in reverse osmosis, the water of a high-concentration solution does not apply enough pressure to move to a low-concentration solution, but the flux of water due to osmosis is minimized while converting the formed osmotic pressure into water pressure to apply a certain pressure to generate electricity Bar, there is a problem in that an internal space is not created in the bag-shaped osmosis membrane by the pressure and they are stuck together, making it more difficult for water to flow into the bag-shaped osmosis membrane from the porous permeate outlet pipe.

Furthermore, in the prior art, a spacer was inserted to secure a flow path, but even through this, the inflow flow rate was low, so the osmotic pressure action was not smooth.

Furthermore, in the prior art, there has been a problem that the osmosis membrane may be damaged by pressure applied from the outside of the osmosis membrane due to low pressure resistance, or the inner surface of the osmosis membrane may be damaged by the pressure applied from the outside of the envelope-shaped osmosis membrane by the spacer. .

Accordingly, in the present invention, a first separator, a mesh sheet layer, a tricot filter fabric layer, a mesh sheet layer, and a second separator are sequentially laminated, and the tricot filter fabric layer is a multi-layered tricot filter fabric with peaks and valleys. The tricor filter fabric layer includes a first tricot filter fabric having an intersection angle of -5 to 5° between the inflow direction of the feed solution and the direction of bone formation, and the intersection of the inflow direction of the feed solution and the direction of bone formation. A solution to the above problems was sought by providing a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly comprising a second tricot filter fabric having an angle of 85 to 95 °.

Through this, even when it is formed in a spiral wound shape, the flow rate inside the osmosis membrane can be improved so that the osmotic action can be performed smoothly, and the effect of having excellent pressure resistance and high power density can be exhibited.

2 is a perspective view of a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes a first separator 12, a mesh sheet layer 52, a tricot filter fabric layer 60, and a mesh sheet layer 51 and the second separator 11 are sequentially stacked.

In addition, the separation membranes 11 and 12, the mesh sheet layers 51 and 52, and the tricot filter fabric layer 60 are bonded. In addition, the inner space by the first separation membrane 12 and the second separation membrane 11 is isolated from the outside of the separation membrane so that the solution flows from the porous permeate outflow pipe so that osmotic pressure can be generated between the two solutions having different concentrations. The remaining three sides except for the side are bonded to have an envelope shape. Specifically, in FIG. 2, the first separator 12 and the second separator 11 are sealed along the edges (a, c, and d) of the first separator 12 through glue or an adhesive, and the porous permeate outflow pipe A portion of FIG. 2 b corresponding to a portion where a solution flows into the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly has an unsealed envelope shape. As described above, the envelope shape serves to fluidically isolate the solution flowing inside the pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly and the solution flowing outside the pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly, and through this, the osmotic pressure between the two solutions having different concentrations across the membrane This can be gradient.

First, the separation membranes 11 and 12 will be described.

The separators 11 and 12 included in the preferred embodiment of the present invention may be incorporated by reference into Korean Patent Application Nos. 2012-0140611 and 2012-0140612 by the inventors of the present invention.

At least one of the first separation membrane 12 and the second separation membrane 11 of the present invention may be a pressure delay osmosis membrane.

The first separation membrane 11 and the second separation membrane 12 may be the same or different, and at least one of the first separation membrane and the second separation membrane may be a pressure delay osmosis membrane, and preferably both may be pressure delay osmosis membranes. .

Preferably, the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane may be a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane including a support, a polymer support layer formed on the support, and a polyamide-based active layer formed on the polymer support layer.

Specifically, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane included in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane 100, a polymer support layer 102 is formed on a support 103, and the polymer support layer 102 ) may be a composite film in which the polyamide-based active layer 101 is laminated on.

First, the support 103 may play a role of supporting the membrane and provide high hydrophilicity to the support to facilitate water flow. The support 103 may be a non-woven fabric having no longitudinal and transverse direction due to intertwined fibers, or a woven fabric having a longitudinal and transverse direction. Preferably, a material that can be used as the support 103 may be a synthetic fiber selected from the group consisting of polyester, polypropylene, nylon, and polyethylene, or a natural fiber including cellulose-based pulp. However, the material of the support 103 is not limited to the above description.

When the support 103 is a non-woven fabric layer, the physical properties of the membrane can be adjusted according to the porosity and hydrophilicity of the material. The non-woven fabric layer may have an average pore size of 1 to 600 μm, preferably 5 to 300 μm, so that smooth inflow of water and water permeability required for the pressure delayed osmosis membrane may be increased. However, it is not limited to the above description.

The support 103 may have a thickness of 80 to 150 μm, preferably 90 to 140 μm, and if the thickness is less than 80 μm, the strength and support of the entire membrane are insufficient, and if the thickness exceeds 150 μm, the flow rate may decrease This can be.

Next, the polymer support layer 102 formed on the support 103 will be described.

The polymer support layer 102 serves to secure a high flow rate due to its porous structure. The polymer support layer may be formed of at least one selected from the group consisting of polysulfone-based polymers, polyamide-based polymers, polyimide-based polymers, polyester-based polymers, olefin-based polymers, halogenated polymers, and polyacrylic polymers, preferably Specifically, among polysulfone polymers, polysulfone and polyethersulfone may be used, olefin polymers may be polypropylene and polyethylene, and among halogenated polymers, polybenzoimidazole polymer and polyvinylidene difluoride may be formed into a film. there is. However, it is not limited to the above description.

The polymer support layer may preferably have a thickness of 30 to 100 μm, preferably 35 to 90 μm, and if the thickness is less than 30 μm, it may be insufficient to maintain the pressure resistance of the entire membrane, and if it exceeds 100 μm, the flow rate may cause deterioration. However, it is not limited to the above description.

Next, the polyamide-based active layer 101 formed on the polymer support layer 102 will be described.

The polyamide-based active layer 101 serves to secure a high salt rejection rate capable of removing even monovalent ions, which are difficult to remove in a single membrane structure. Furthermore, since the physical properties required for forward osmosis are optimized, it is suitable for high-concentration seawater desalination in pressure-delayed osmosis membranes.

Specifically, the formation of the polyamide-based active layer 101 is performed in an aqueous solution containing a polyfunctional amine selected from metaphenyldiamine, paraphenyldiamine, orthophenyldiamine, piperazine, or alkylated piperidine and an alkylated aliphatic amine. , a polyfunctional acyl halide, a polyfunctional sulfonyl halide, or a polyfunctional isocyanate selected from an organic solution containing a polyfunctional acid halide, and interfacial polymerization between the compounds.

At this time, at least one hydrophilic functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a sulfonated group, a carbonyl group, a trialkoxysilane group, an anionic group, and a tertiary amino group is added to the aqueous solution containing the polyfunctional amine or the alkylated aliphatic amine A hydrophilic compound, that is, a hydrophilic amino compound may be further added.

More specifically, preferred examples of the hydrophilic compound having the hydroxyl group include 1,3-diamino-2-propanol, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, 3-amino-1-propanol, 4-amino-1- It may be selected from the group consisting of butanol and 2-amino-1-butanol. The hydrophilic compound having a carbonyl group is selected from the group consisting of aminoacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal, α-aminobutyrolactone, 3-aminobenzamide, 4-aminobenzamide and N-(3-aminopropyl)-2-pyrrolidinone It can be.

In addition, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane or (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane may be selectively used as the hydrophilic compound containing the trialkoxysilane group.

Furthermore, examples of the hydrophilic compound having an anionic group include glycine, taurine, 3-amino-1-propenesulfonic acid, 4-amino-1-butenesulfonic acid, 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate, and 3-aminobenzene. Phonic Acid, 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, 3-aminopropylphosphonic acid, 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-amino-3- It may be selected from the group consisting of hydroxybenzoic acid, 6-aminohexenoic acid, 3-aminobutanoic acid, 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-aminobutyric acid and glutamic acid. there is.

Furthermore, hydrophilic compounds having one or more tertiary amino groups include 3-(dimethylamino)propylamine, 3-(diethylamino)propylamine, 4-(2-minoethyl)morpholine, 1-(2 -aminoethyl)piperazine, 3,3'-3,3'-diamino-N-methyldipropylamine and 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole.

The polyamide-based active layer 101 included in a preferred embodiment of the present invention is formed as a dense surface layer of a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane to form a structure with strong pressure resistance, and at the same time, the thin-film active layer maintains pores of a uniform size, Chemical resistance and high salt rejection can be secured.

Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, stain resistance and chemical resistance are secured. Membrane fouling is a factor that degrades the performance of the pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly, and there is a problem in that the osmotic pressure gradient is lowered by membrane fouling and can lead to a decrease in filtration flux through the membrane. However, the present invention has a conventional filtration plus It has the advantage of minimizing the reduction problem.

In addition, the single membrane structure has a large pore size, so it is difficult to remove small salts such as monovalent ions, but when a polyamide layer is provided, even monovalent ions can be removed, thereby achieving a high salt rejection rate, and in the reverse osmosis direction This can prevent back-diffusion of the solute in the draw solution.

Preferably, the first separator 12 and the second separator 11 may have a thickness of 70 to 250 μm, preferably 80 to 220 μm. If the thickness is less than 70 μm, the strength and support role of the entire membrane is insufficient, and if the thickness exceeds 250 μm, it may cause a decrease in flow rate. Thicknesses of the first separator 11 and the second separator 12 may be the same as or different from each other.

Next, the mesh sheet layers 51 and 52 and the tricot filter fabric layer 60 formed between the first separator and the second separator will be described.

The present invention includes a mesh sheet layer and a tricot filter fabric layer, and through this, the formation of a flow path inside the envelope-shaped separation membrane formed by the first separation membrane 12 and the second separation membrane 11 can be greatly improved. The tricot filter fabric layer 60 prevents deformation of the separator during high-pressure operation, and the mesh sheet affects the fouling of the module. In detail, when the thickness of the tricot filter fabric is thick or multi-layered, the flow of water is smooth, and the thicker the mesh sheet, the stronger the module fouling. The fouling of the module is a problem that occurs during long-term operation of the module, and refers to a phenomenon in which crystallized particles or precipitates of salt compounds are accumulated on the surface of the membrane, thereby deteriorating module performance.

The tricot filter fabric layer or mesh sheet formed in the region between the separators is called a spacer. Conventionally, since the spacer is included singularly, the formation of a flow path in the separator is not smooth, so the flow rate into the envelope-shaped separator can be increased. However, by including the tricot filter fabric layer 60 and the mesh sheet layers 51 and 52 including multi-layered tricot filter fabric, the flow rate into the separation membrane is increased by creating a flow path in the separator and increasing the amount of the flow path. At the same time, it was possible to generate a uniform filtration flux along the flow path. In addition, as the turbulence was promoted along the flow path, the flow rate on the membrane surface was improved so that the osmotic action was more smoothly achieved.

First, the tricot filter fabric layer 60 will be described.

The tricot filter fabric layer is included in the pressure-delayed osmotic membrane, thereby forming a flow path and additionally having a function of preventing deformation of the membrane. In general, any tricot that can be used as a spacer provided in the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane can be used, preferably polypropylene, polyethylene, poly-4-methylpentene, crystalline copolymer of propylene-α olefin, polyethylene Any one or more resins selected from the group consisting of terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, and polycarbonate, or modified polyester (LMP: Low Melting Polyethylene Terephthalate) obtained by copolymerizing nylon or polypropylene with polyethylene terephthalate resin. can be used However, it is not limited to the above.

On the other hand, the tricot filter fabric layer includes a multi-layered tricot filter fabric in which acid and valleys are formed. As mountains and valleys are formed, the flowability of the feed solution can be further improved.

On the other hand, the tricot filter fabric layer according to the present invention is a first tricot filter fabric having an intersection angle of -5 to 5 °, preferably -4 to 4 ° between the inflow direction of the feed solution and the valley formation direction. and a second tricot filter fabric having an intersection angle of 85 to 95°, preferably 86 to 94°, between the inflow direction of the feed solution and the direction of bone formation. If the intersection angle between the direction of bone formation of the filter fabric of the first tricot and the inflow direction of the feed solution is less than -5° or exceeds 5°, a problem may occur in which the flow rate inside the osmosis membrane is not improved as much as desired. Even if the angle of intersection between the direction of bone formation of the filter fabric of the second tricot and the inflow direction of the feed solution is less than 85° or greater than 95°, the flow rate inside the osmosis membrane may not be improved as desired.

And, the tricot filter fabric layer may include 2 to 4 tricot filter fabrics, preferably 3 to 4 tricot filter fabrics.

Specifically, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a tricot filter fabric layer including two layers of tricot filter fabric according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the tricot filter fabric layer 60 is a first A first tricot filter fabric 62 and a second tricot filter fabric 61 are sequentially stacked from the direction of the separation membrane. 7 is a perspective view of a tricot filter fabric layer including three layers of tricot filter fabric according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the tricot filter fabric layer 60 is a first separator. From the direction, the second tricot filter fabric 65, the first tricot filter fabric 64 and the second tricot filter fabric 63 are sequentially laminated. 8 is a perspective view of a tricot filter fabric layer including four layers of tricot filter fabric according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the tricot filter fabric layer 60 is a first separator. From the direction, the first tricot filter fabric 69, the second tricot filter fabric 68, the first tricot filter fabric 67 and the second tricot filter fabric 66 can be sequentially laminated.

By including the one or more first tricot filtering fabrics, the feed solution can smoothly flow in and out, and by including the one or more second tricot filtering fabrics, based on the inflow direction of the feed solution , the feed solution can flow smoothly in the vertical direction.

Meanwhile, the order in which the first tricot filter fabric and the second tricot filter fabric are stacked may be the same as or different from those of FIGS. 6, 7, and 8.

Meanwhile, the tricot filter fabric may have a thickness of 10 to 22 mils, preferably 11 to 21 mils. If the thickness of the tricot filter fabric is less than 10 mil, there is a problem of reducing the flow rate and osmotic gradient because the space for securing the flow path is reduced, and if it exceeds 22 mil, the pressure delay rather than the flow of the flow path may be hindered. There may be. Meanwhile, the thickness of each of the tricot filter fabrics may be the same as or different from each other.

Next, the mesh sheets 51 and 52 will be described.

The mesh sheets 51 and 52 are included in the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane and thus have a function of forming a flow path. In general, any mesh sheet usable as a spacer provided in the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane may be used, and preferably may be a mesh sheet made of polypropylene or polyethylene. However, it is not limited to the above description. Preferably, the mesh sheets 51 and 52 may be mesh sheets having an air gap of 6 to 20 mm 2 , preferably 7 to 18 mm 2 to smoothly form a flow path. If the air gap is less than 6 ㎟, there is a problem that can interfere with the flow path formation, and if it exceeds 20 ㎟, there is a problem that deformation of the separator and deterioration of fouling in high-pressure operation. And the mesh sheet may have a thickness of 27 to 37 mils, preferably 29 to 35 mils. If the thickness of the mesh sheet is less than 27 mil, there is a problem that sufficient passage cannot be secured and fouling occurs in the module and the performance of the module may deteriorate. If the thickness exceeds 37 mil, it is applied to process the module. There may be a problem in that the effective membrane area per unit volume is reduced, which may affect module performance degradation.

Meanwhile, FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a pressure case in which a preferred embodiment of the present invention is wound in a spiral shape, and the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly is wound in a spiral shape around the porous permeate outlet pipe 20 in the pressure case 30. and included Due to the limited space of the pressure case 30 including the pressure delay osmosis module, the amount of the separator included in the inner space of the pressure case 30 is limited. Accordingly, by including a large number of tricot filter fabrics and mesh sheets, the relatively included separation membrane may be reduced and the effective area of the separation membrane may be reduced. The pressure case 30 may have a size and shape to accommodate the pressure-delayed osmosis module located therein, and preferably, a plurality of pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assemblies are wound in a spiral wound shape, and the shape may be a cylinder. . However, it is not limited to the above description. In the case of the material of the case, if it is a material of a pressure case commonly used in a pressure-delayed osmosis method, it may be used without limitation.

5 is an exploded perspective view of a pressure-delayed osmosis module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assemblies are wound around a porous permeate outlet pipe 20 in a spiral wound shape. The cross-sectional diameter of the pressure-delayed osmosis module may vary depending on the diameter of the porous permeate outflow pipe, the number and thickness of the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly, and the diameter of the cross section may preferably be 7.62 to 22.86 cm, but is not limited thereto. don't

The porous permeate outflow pipe 20 includes a plurality of holes 21, and the fluid flowing through the porous permeate outflow pipe 20 passes through the holes 21 to the separation membrane 11 of the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly, 12) It flows inside. Specifically, in FIG. 5, of the two solutions A and B having different concentrations, solution A flows inside the pressure case 30 and outside the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly separation membranes 11 and 12, and solution B flows out of the porous permeate. The tube 20 flows into the separation membranes 11 and 12 of the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly through the hole 21. Through this, the two solutions (A, B) having different concentrations are located inside and outside the separation membranes 11 and 12 of the pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly, whereby osmotic pressure is generated and acts. However, the two solutions A and B may be injected in the same direction as shown in FIG. 5, but this is just an example, and the two solutions A and B may be injected in different directions depending on the purpose.

The porous permeate outlet pipe 20 may be used without limitation in the case of an outlet pipe commonly used for pressure-delayed osmosis membranes, and the diameter and length of the porous permeate outlet pipe 20 may vary depending on the purpose.

The pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly includes separation membranes 11 and 12, a tricot filter fabric layer, and a mesh sheet, and descriptions of the separation membranes 11 and 12, the tricot filter fabric layer, and the mesh sheet are the same as described above. omit the bar.

Meanwhile, the pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly may further include the mesh sheets 53 and 54 on the lower surface of the first separator 12 and the upper surface of the second separator 11, respectively. That is, the further included mesh sheets 53 and 54 may be positioned and included between the pressure delay osmosis membrane assemblies. The further included mesh sheets 53 and 54 have the advantage of being able to form a flow path through which fluid flowing between different pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assemblies, for example, solution A of FIG. 5 can flow smoothly.

In the above, the present invention has been described focusing on embodiments, but this is only an example and does not limit the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong will appreciate the essential characteristics of the present invention. It will be appreciated that various modifications and applications not exemplified above are possible within a range that does not deviate. For example, each component specifically shown in the embodiment of the present invention can be modified and implemented. And differences related to these modifications and applications should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through the following examples. At this time, the following examples are only presented to illustrate the invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

[Example]

Example 1: pressure delay osmotic membrane Produce

The first and second separators including a nonwoven fabric of PET material having an average pore size of 200 µm as the support layer, a polysulfone mixed polymer support layer, and a polyamide active layer each have a thickness of 160 µm, and the upper, lower, and second separators of the first separator have A polypropylene (PP) mesh sheet having a thickness of 28 mil and an air gap of 6.25 mm ² was included on each of the upper and lower surfaces of the 2 separator, and the horizontal length was 1 m as shown in FIG. 2 under the conditions of Table 1 below, A membrane having a vertical length of 1.9 m was prepared.

Example 2 to 10

It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but a pressure-delayed osmosis membrane was prepared by changing the type and stacking order of the tricot filter fabric included in the tricot filter fabric layer as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

comparative example 1 to 8

A pressure-delayed osmosis membrane was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, but under the conditions of Table 2 below, the type and stacking order of the tricot filter fabric included in the tricot filter fabric layer was changed.

Experimental example : Flow and power density measurement

In order to evaluate the performance of the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly prepared in the above Examples and Comparative Examples, the active layer of the separation membrane in the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly was mounted in the direction toward the induction solution (direction in contact with the pressure), and by osmosis Allow water to move from low salinity (raw water, distilled water) to high salinity (70,000 ppm NaCl in draw solution). At this time, the amount of movement of water in the pressure-delayed osmosis process was measured using distilled water and 70,000 ppm of the induction solution under a pressurized condition of 20 kg/cm ² , and the flow rate of the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane was confirmed by converting it into power density.

The performance of the pressure delayed osmosis process is expressed in power density, and the power density has a unit of power per unit area (W/m 2 ). The power density was calculated by Equation 1 below by applying the flow rate (gfd) and pressure obtained from the performance evaluation of the pressure delayed osmosis membrane, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

[Equation 1]

W is power density, JW is flow rate, and ΔP is pressure.

division Example
One Example
2 Example
3 Example
4 Example
5 Example
6 Example
7 Example
8 Example 9 1st separator
tricot from direction
Filter fabric stacking order 2nd-1st-2nd 2nd-2nd-1st 1st-2nd-1st 1st-2nd-1st-2nd 1st-1st-1st-2nd 1st-2nd-2nd-2nd 1st-2nd-2nd-1st 2nd-1st-1st-2nd 1st-2nd tricot filter fabric thickness (mil) 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 pressure level
(kg/cm2) 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Flow rate (gfd) 18.26 18.06 12.97 18.13 12.82 16.59 16.21 16.35 14.61 power density
(W/m2) 10.15 10.03 7.21 10.07 7.13 9.22 9.01 9.08 8.12 * With tricot filter: PET material impregnated with epoxy
* Mesh sheet: air gap 6.25mm ² , polypropylene material

division Example 10 Example 11 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 Comparative Example 6 Comparative Example 7 Comparative Example 8 Tricot from the first separator direction
Filter fabric stacking order 2nd-1st-2nd 2nd-1st-2nd 1st-1st-1st 2nd-2nd-2nd 1st-1st-1st-1st- 2nd-2nd-2nd-2nd 1st-1st 2nd-2nd 2nd-1st-2nd 2nd-1st-2nd tricot filter fabric thickness (mil) 12 19 16 16 16 16 16 16 7 25 pressure level
(kg/cm2) 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Flow rate (gfd) 15.01 15.14 12.02 10.46 8.19 7.81 8.31 6.24 4.82 4.42 power density
(W/m2) 8.34 8.42 6.68 5.81 4.55 4.34 4.62 3.47 2.68 2.46 * With tricot filter: PET material impregnated with epoxy
* Mesh sheet: air gap 6.25mm ² , polypropylene material

Specifically, in the case of Examples 1 to 9 including the first tricot and the second tricot in Tables 1 and 2 above, the flow rate and power density were significantly superior to those of Comparative Examples 1 to 6.

Specifically, Examples 1 and 4 stacked according to the preferred stacking order of the present invention had the highest flow rate and power density, and Example 9 showed high flow rate and power density even though only two layers of tricots were included. . In contrast, Example 2, Example 3, and Examples 5 to 8, in which the stacking order was different, showed lower flow rates and power densities than Examples 1 and 9, and Comparative Example 1 in which only one tricot was laminated. ~ 6 showed low flow and power density.

On the other hand, Example 1 in which the thickness of the tricot filter fabric was 16 mil, Example 10 in which the thickness of the tricot filter fabric was 12 mil, and Example 11 in which the thickness of the tricot filter fabric was 19 mil were Compared to Comparative Example 7 having a thickness of 7 mil and Comparative Example 8 having a tricot filter fabric thickness of 25 mil, the flow rate and power density were far superior.

1, 3: osmosis membrane 2: spacer
10: separator 11: second separator
12: first separator 20: porous permeate outflow pipe
21: hole 30: pressure case
51 to 54: mesh sheet layer 60: tricot filtering fabric layer
61, 63, 65, 66, 68: second tricot filter fabric
62, 64, 67, 69: first tricot filter fabric
100: osmosis membrane 101: active layer
102: polymer support layer 103: support

Claims (13)

A first separator, a mesh sheet layer, a tricot filter fabric layer, a mesh sheet layer, and a second separator are sequentially stacked,
The tricot filter fabric layer includes multiple layers of acid and corrugated tricot filter fabrics,
The tricot filter fabric layer includes a first tricot filter fabric having an intersection angle of -5 to 5° between a feed solution inflow direction and a valley formation direction; and
A second tricot filter fabric having an intersection angle of 85 to 95 ° between the inflow direction of the feed solution and the direction of bone formation;
The tricot filtering fabric layer,
From the direction of the first separator, the first tricot filter fabric and the second tricot filter fabric are alternately laminated, or the second tricot filter fabric, the first tricot filter fabric and the second tricot filter fabric are alternately laminated, or A pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly, characterized in that a first tricot filter fabric, a second tricot filter fabric, a first tricot filter fabric, and a second tricot filter fabric are alternately laminated. The pressure retarding osmosis membrane assembly according to claim 1, wherein the tricot filter fabric layer comprises 2 to 4 tricot filter fabrics. The pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly according to claim 1, wherein the tricot filter fabric has a thickness of 10 to 22 mil. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly
The pressure delay osmosis membrane assembly further comprising the mesh sheet on each of the lower surface of the first separator and the upper surface of the second separator. The pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly according to claim 1, wherein each of the first separator and the second separator has a thickness of 70 to 250 μm. The method of claim 1, wherein the mesh sheet has a thickness of 27 to 37 mil,
A pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly, characterized in that the air gap is 6 ~ 20 ㎟. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the first separator and the second separator
support;
a polymer support layer formed on the support; and
A pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly comprising a; polyamide-based active layer formed on the polymer support layer. The method of claim 7, wherein the support is one kind of synthetic fiber selected from polyester, polypropylene, nylon and polyethylene; or
A pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly, characterized in that it is a non-woven fabric or a woven fabric made of natural fibers including cellulose-based pulp. The pressure according to claim 7, wherein the polymer support layer is at least one selected from polysulfone-based polymers, polyamide-based polymers, polyimide-based polymers, polyester-based polymers, olefin-based polymers, halogenated polymers, and polyacrylic-based polymers. delayed osmosis membrane assembly. delete delete delete A pressure-delayed osmosis module comprising the pressure-delayed osmosis membrane assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9 wound in a spiral wound shape.

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