KR102459360B1 - Dementia diagnosis system using olfaction and dementia diagnosis method using olfaction using it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell and a method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell, wherein the dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell is irradiated to the head of a subject by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). A signal acquisition unit that acquires a response signal output in response to a near-infrared signal, and a signal acquisition unit that acquires a response signal of the subject who smells for dementia diagnosis, and the examiner analyzes the response signal provided by the signal acquisition unit to determine the subject's dementia and an information analysis unit that calculates diagnostic information capable of diagnosing whether or not there is.
The dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell and the dementia diagnosis method using the same according to the present invention can obtain diagnostic information for dementia diagnosis of a subject who smells a dementia diagnosis using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, so that the equipment can be configured relatively inexpensively, , the diagnostic accuracy is improved.

Description

Dementia diagnosis system using olfaction and dementia diagnosis method using olfaction using it

The present invention relates to a dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell and a method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell using the same. A system for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell and a method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell using the same.

Recently, as we enter an aging society, the proportion of the elderly population continues to increase, but awareness of dementia that can occur as we enter old age is poor. In most cases, it exacerbates

An examination method for diagnosing dementia consists of an examination method using eye movement. In this regard, the prior art Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1218618 discloses a diagnostic device for early diagnosis and monitoring of dementia by measuring EEG during an eye concentration operation or an eye movement operation, and analyzing the characteristics of the measured EEG. have.

However, since the above-described method requires EEG measurement, expensive equipment is required, so it cannot be conveniently diagnosed, and since dementia is diagnosed using eye movement, the possibility of a misdiagnosis cannot be excluded.

Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1218618: Dementia diagnosis device using diversity of theta band frequency components

The present invention has been devised to improve the above problems, and a dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell capable of calculating diagnostic information for dementia diagnosis using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in a subject who smells a dementia diagnosis system, and dementia diagnosis using the same The purpose is to provide a method.

To achieve the above object, the dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell according to the present invention for achieving the above object acquires a reaction signal output in response to the near-infrared signal irradiated to the subject's head by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). , a signal acquisition unit that acquires a response signal of the subject in charge of diagnosing dementia, and analysis of the response signal provided by the signal acquisition unit to calculate diagnostic information for the examiner to diagnose whether the subject has dementia provide wealth

The signal acquisition unit acquires, respectively, a reaction signal of the rest section before the examinee takes the scent for dementia diagnosis and a reaction signal of the test section in which the examinee smells the scent for dementia diagnosis, respectively.

The information analysis unit analyzes the response signals of the rest section and the test section to calculate the digitized diagnostic information.

Preferably, the information analysis unit calculates the diagnostic information by digitizing information on a ratio of a reaction signal of the rest section to a reaction signal of the test section.

The information analysis unit digitizes information on the ratio of the ratio value of the response signal magnitude of the rest section to the time of the rest section and the ratio value of the ratio value of the response signal magnitude of the test section to the time of the test section to make the diagnosis information can be calculated.

The signal acquisition unit performs a response signal of the subject under a first diagnostic condition using a first scent having a predetermined first concentration and a second diagnostic condition using a second scent having a second concentration higher than the first concentration. obtains a reaction signal of the examinee, and the information analyzer analyzes the reaction signal of the examinee under the first diagnosis condition and the reaction signal of the examinee under the second diagnosis condition to calculate the diagnosis information.

The information analysis unit includes a first signal classification module for classifying the response signal of the examinee under the first diagnostic condition into a reaction signal of the rest section and a reaction signal of the test section, and a reaction signal of the examinee under the second diagnostic condition a second signal classification module for classifying into the reaction signal of the rest section and the reaction signal of the test section, and a reaction signal of the test section of the first diagnostic condition based on the reaction signal provided from the first signal classification module. A first data calculation module for calculating low concentration calculation data for the ratio of the response signal of the rest section to the response signal of the test section of the second diagnostic condition based on the response signal provided from the second signal classification module and a second data calculation module for calculating high concentration calculation data with respect to the ratio of the response signal of the rest section, and a diagnostic information calculation module for calculating the diagnostic information by analyzing the low concentration calculation data and the high concentration calculation data.

The first data calculation module applies the signal for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal provided from the first signal classification module to the following equation to apply the low concentration calculate the output data;

Here, DIV (low concentration) is the low concentration calculation data, a is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the first diagnostic condition, and b is the deoxyhemoglobin value in the rest section of the first diagnostic condition. signal value, L _ab is the time of the rest period of the first diagnostic condition, c is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin of the rest period of the first diagnostic condition, and d is the test period of the first diagnostic condition is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin of , and L _cd is the time of the test section of the first diagnostic condition.

The second data calculation module applies a signal for oxyhemoglobin and a signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal provided by the second signal classification module to the following equation to apply the high concentration calculate the output data;

Here, DIV (high concentration) is the high concentration calculation data, e is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the second diagnostic condition, and f is the deoxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the second diagnostic condition. signal value, L _ef is the time of the rest period of the second diagnostic condition, g is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin of the rest period of the second diagnostic condition, f is the test period of the second diagnostic condition is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin of , and L _gh is the time of the test section of the second diagnostic condition.

The diagnostic information calculation module calculates a ratio of the high concentration calculation data to the low concentration calculation data as the diagnostic information.

The signal acquisition unit includes an attachment pad attached to the subject's head, a signal irradiation member installed on the attachment pad to irradiate a near-infrared signal to the subject's head, and a near-infrared signal irradiated from the signal irradiation member to the subject and a signal receiving member installed on the attachment pad so as to receive a response signal output from the head, and a providing module for providing the response signal received from the signal receiving member to the information analysis unit.

The signal receiving member is installed on the attachment pad at a position corresponding to the subject's forehead so as to receive the response signal for the subject's orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).

Preferably, the signal irradiation member is installed on the attachment pad at a position adjacent to the signal receiving member.

The signal irradiation member is installed on the attachment pad at a position corresponding to the eyebrow of the subject.

Preferably, a plurality of the signal receiving members are respectively installed on the attachment pads at positions corresponding to the left and right regions of the forehead with respect to the eyebrows of the subject.

On the other hand, the dementia diagnosis method using the sense of smell according to the present invention is to acquire a response signal output in response to the near-infrared signal irradiated to the subject's head by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), the signal acquisition unit A signal acquisition step of acquiring the response signal of the subject who smelled the scent for dementia diagnosis using the information, and information for calculating diagnostic information that allows the examiner to diagnose whether the examinee has dementia by analyzing the response signal acquired in the signal acquisition step It includes an analysis step.

In the signal acquisition step, it is preferable to obtain a reaction signal of the rest section before the testee takes the scent for dementia diagnosis and a reaction signal of the test section where the testee smells the scent for dementia diagnosis, respectively.

In the information analysis step, the digitized diagnostic information is calculated by analyzing the response signals of the rest section and the test section.

In the information analysis step, the diagnostic information is calculated by digitizing information on the ratio of the response signal of the rest section to the response signal of the test section.

In the information analysis step, information about the ratio of the ratio value of the response signal magnitude of the rest section to the time of the rest section and the ratio value of the response signal magnitude of the test section to the time of the test section is digitized, The diagnostic information is calculated.

The signal acquisition step includes a first rest step of acquiring a response signal of the subject before taking the first scent having a predetermined first concentration, and after the first rest step, a state of smelling the first scent A first test step of obtaining a reaction signal of the subject, and a first step of obtaining a reaction signal of the subject before taking a second fragrance having a second concentration higher than the first concentration after the first test step a second rest step and a second test step of acquiring a reaction signal of the subject in a state in which the second scent is inhaled after the second rest step, and in the information analysis step, the first rest step and the The diagnostic information is calculated by analyzing the reaction signal obtained in the first test step and the reaction signal obtained in the second rest step and the second test step.

The information analysis step includes a first data calculation step of calculating low concentration calculation data for the ratio of the response signal of the examinee collected in the first rest step to the reaction signal of the examinee collected in the first test step; A second data calculation step of calculating high concentration calculation data for the ratio of the response signal of the examinee collected in the second rest step to the reaction signal of the examinee collected in the second test step, the low concentration calculation data and and a diagnostic information calculation step of calculating the diagnostic information by analyzing the high concentration calculation data.

In the first data calculation step, the signal for oxyhemoglobin and the signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signals collected in the first test step and the first rest step are expressed by the following equation to calculate the low concentration calculated data,

Here, DIV (low concentration) is the low concentration calculation data, a is a signal value for oxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the first rest step, and b is included in the reaction signal obtained in the first rest step is the signal value for deoxyhemoglobin, L _ab is the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the first rest step, c is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin included in the response signal obtained in the first test step, d is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the first test step, and L _cd is the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the first test step.

In the second data calculation step, the signal for oxyhemoglobin and the signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signals collected in the second test step and the second rest step are expressed by the following equation to calculate the low concentration calculated data,

Here, DIV (high concentration) is the high concentration calculation data, e is a signal value for oxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the second rest step, and f is included in the reaction signal obtained in the second rest step is the signal value for deoxyhemoglobin, L _ef is the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the first rest step, g is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the second test step, f is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the second test step, and L _gh is the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the second test step is applied.

In the diagnostic information calculation step, a ratio of the high concentration calculation data to the low concentration calculation data is calculated as the diagnostic information.

The dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell and the dementia diagnosis method using the same according to the present invention can obtain diagnostic information for dementia diagnosis of a subject who smells a dementia diagnosis using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, so that the equipment can be configured relatively inexpensively, , the diagnostic accuracy is improved.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell according to the present invention;
2 is a side view of the attachment pad of the dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell of FIG. 1;
3 is a block diagram of the dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell of FIG. 1;
4 is a graph of a signal for oxyhemoglobin and a signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in a response signal obtained from a subject;
5 is a flowchart of a method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell according to the present invention;
6 is a result of a dementia diagnosis test using the sense of smell for the selected experiencers;
7 is a result value of the diagnosis information of the participants calculated through the dementia diagnosis method using the sense of smell according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, a dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell and a dementia diagnosis method using the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Since the present invention can have various changes and can have various forms, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the text. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific disclosed form, it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention. In describing each figure, like reference numerals have been used for like elements. In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions of the structures are enlarged than the actual size for clarity of the present invention.

Terms such as first, second, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may also be referred to as a first component.

The terms used in the present application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as "comprise" or "have" are intended to designate that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or a combination thereof described in the specification exists, but one or more other features It is to be understood that it does not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application. does not

1 to 3 show a dementia diagnosis system 100 using the sense of smell according to the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, the dementia diagnosis system 100 using the sense of smell acquires a response signal output in response to the near-infrared signal irradiated to the subject's head by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), A signal acquisition unit 110 that acquires a response signal of the examinee who smells the incense for dementia diagnosis, and a diagnostic information that analyzes the response signal provided from the signal acquisition unit 110 to allow the examiner to diagnose whether the examinee has dementia and an information analysis unit 120 that calculates Here, fragrances of flowers, mint, peanut butter, and strawberries are applied as fragrances for diagnosis of dementia, but fragrances of various odors are not limited thereto.

The signal acquisition unit 110 includes an attachment pad 111 attached to the head of the subject, a signal irradiation member 112 installed on the attachment pad 111 to irradiate a near-infrared signal to the head of the subject, and the A signal receiving member 113 installed on the attachment pad 111 so as to receive a reaction signal output from the head of the subject in response to the near-infrared signal irradiated from the signal irradiation member 112, and the signal receiving member ( and a providing module 114 for providing the response signal received in 113) to the information analysis unit 120 .

The attachment pad 111 extends a predetermined length in the left and right directions, and an adhesive is applied to one side so that it can be adhered to the subject's head, that is, the face. In addition, the attachment pad 111 is formed to be flexible so that it can be easily bent so as to be in close contact with the subject's skin. On the other hand, the attachment pad 111 is formed with a protrusion member 115 extending downward a predetermined length in the central portion. In this case, the attachment pad 111 is preferably attached to the subject's forehead so that the protruding member 115 is positioned between the subject's forehead.

The signal irradiation member 112 is installed on the attachment pad 111 at a position adjacent to the signal receiving member 113 , and is installed on the attachment pad 111 at a position corresponding to the eyebrow of the subject. That is, it is installed on one side of the protrusion member 115 of the attachment pad 111 . The signal irradiating member 112 irradiates a near-infrared signal, that is, near-infrared light, to the skin of the subject, and it is preferable that an LED that generates light having a wavelength of 730 nm or 850 nm is applied.

A plurality of signal receiving members 113 are installed on one side of the attachment pad 111 to be spaced apart from each other in the left and right directions. The signal receiving member 113 is an optical sensor capable of receiving a reaction signal output from the subject's head, that is, a hemodynamic fNIRS signal in response to the near-infrared signal irradiated from the signal irradiation member 112 .

Here, the signal receiving member 113 is installed on the attachment pad 111 at a position corresponding to the subject's forehead so as to receive the response signal for the subject's orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).

At this time, it is preferable that the plurality of signal receiving members 113 are respectively installed on the attachment pads 111 at positions corresponding to the left and right regions of the forehead with respect to the eyebrows of the subject. That is, the signal receiving members 113 are respectively installed in unit ranges partitioned in the left and right directions with respect to the protruding member from one side of the attachment member. Here, each signal receiving member 113 forms a channel for receiving a response signal.

The providing module 114 is connected to the signal receiving members 113 to receive a response signal provided from the corresponding signal receiving members 113 . At this time, the providing module 114 converts the analog-type response signal received by the signal receiving member 113 into a digital format using an analog-to-digital converter. In addition, the providing module 114 converts the corresponding reaction signal into a reaction signal including data for Oxy Hb and Deoxy Hb by applying the Modified Beer-Lambert law, and removes noise by applying a Mean Average Filter. The providing module 114 provides a response signal on which noise has been removed to the information analysis unit 120 .

Meanwhile, although not shown in the drawings, the providing module 114 may further include an input module through which the examiner can input the state of the subject. Through the input module, the examiner can input whether the subject is in a state before the subject smells the fragrance for dementia diagnosis or whether the subject is in the state where the subject smells the fragrance for dementia diagnosis.

The providing module 114 classifies the response signals received from the corresponding signal receiving member 113 as response signals of the rest section when the subject is input through the input module before taking the scent for dementia diagnosis, and through the input module When the subject is input in a state of smell for dementia diagnosis, the reaction signals received by the signal receiving member 113 are classified as reaction signals of the test section and provided to the information analysis unit 120 . In this case, the providing module 114 may also provide information on the elapsed time of the rest section or the elapsed time of the test section to the information analysis unit 120 .

Meanwhile, the test subject uses the signal acquisition unit 110 under the first diagnostic condition using the first scent having a predetermined first concentration and the second diagnostic condition using the second scent having a second concentration higher than the first concentration, respectively. Thus, the response signal may be acquired, and the acquired response signals in each diagnostic condition may be provided to the information analysis unit 120 . In this case, through the input module of the providing module, the examiner may input information on a diagnosis condition for performing an examination among the first diagnosis condition and the second diagnosis condition.

The information analysis unit 120 analyzes the response signal provided by the signal acquisition unit 110 to calculate diagnostic information that enables the examiner to diagnose whether the subject is dementia or not. Here, the information analysis unit 120 analyzes the response signals of the rest section and the test section to calculate the digitized diagnostic information. That is, the information analysis unit 120 calculates the diagnostic information by digitizing information on the ratio of the response signal of the rest section to the response signal of the test section.

The information analysis unit 120 includes a first signal classification module 121 that classifies the response signal of the subject under the first diagnosis condition into a response signal of the rest section and a response signal of the test section, and the second diagnosis Based on the reaction signal provided by the second signal classification module 122 and the first signal classification module 121 for classifying the reaction signal of the subject of the condition into the reaction signal of the rest section and the reaction signal of the test section In the first data calculation module 123 for calculating low concentration calculation data for the ratio of the response signal of the rest section to the response signal of the test section of the first diagnostic condition, the second signal classification module 122 a second data calculation module 124 for calculating the high concentration calculation data for the ratio of the response signal of the rest section to the response signal of the test section of the second diagnostic condition based on the provided response signal; and the low concentration calculation data and a diagnostic information calculation module 125 for calculating the diagnostic information by analyzing the high concentration calculation data.

The first signal classification module 121 classifies the response signal of the test subject in the first diagnosis condition among the response signals provided by the signal acquisition unit 110 based on input information input through the input module of the providing module. At this time, the first signal classification module 121 classifies the reaction signals of the test section and the rest section in the first diagnosis condition based on the information input through the corresponding input module. Here, the first signal classification module 121 may calculate a signal for oxyhemoglobin and a signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal. 4 shows a graph of a signal for oxyhemoglobin and a signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal.

The second signal classification module 122 classifies the response signal of the test subject in the second diagnosis condition among the response signals provided by the signal acquisition unit 110 based on input information input through the input module of the providing module. At this time, the second signal classification module 122 classifies the reaction signals of the test section and the rest section in the second diagnosis condition based on the information input through the corresponding input module. Here, the second signal classification module 122 may calculate a signal for oxyhemoglobin and a signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal.

The first data calculation module 123 converts a signal for oxyhemoglobin and a signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal provided from the first signal classification module 121 to the following equation 1 is applied to calculate the low concentration calculation data.

Here, DIV (low concentration) is the low concentration calculation data, a is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the first diagnostic condition, and b is the deoxyhemoglobin value in the rest section of the first diagnostic condition. signal value, L _ab is the time of the rest period of the first diagnostic condition, c is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin of the rest period of the first diagnostic condition, and d is the test period of the first diagnostic condition is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin of , and L _cd is the time of the test section of the first diagnostic condition.

The second data calculation module 124 converts a signal for oxyhemoglobin and a signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal provided from the second signal classification module 122 to the following equation 2 to calculate the high concentration calculated data.

Here, DIV (high concentration) is the high concentration calculation data, e is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the second diagnostic condition, and f is the deoxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the second diagnostic condition. signal value, L _ef is the time of the rest period of the second diagnostic condition, g is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin of the rest period of the second diagnostic condition, f is the test period of the second diagnostic condition is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin of , and L _gh is the time of the test section of the second diagnostic condition.

The diagnostic information calculation module 125 calculates a ratio of the high concentration calculation data to the low concentration calculation data as the diagnostic information. That is, the diagnostic information calculating module 125 is calculated by the following Equation (3).

Here, D.I.V (high concentration) is high concentration calculation data calculated by the second data calculation module 124 , and D.I.V (low concentration) is low concentration calculation data calculated by the first data calculation module 123 .

The diagnostic information calculated by Equation 3 is digitized data, and the examiner can easily determine whether or not the examinee has dementia using the diagnostic information. In addition, the dementia diagnosis system 100 using the sense of smell according to the present invention can obtain diagnostic information for dementia diagnosis of a subject who smells a dementia diagnosis using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, so that the equipment can be configured relatively inexpensively, There is an advantage in that diagnostic accuracy is improved.

Meanwhile, FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to the drawings, the dementia diagnosis method using the sense of smell includes a signal acquisition step (S110) and an information analysis step (S120).

The signal acquisition step (S110) is to acquire a response signal output in response to the near-infrared signal irradiated to the subject's head by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), using the signal acquisition unit 110 This is a step of acquiring a response signal of the subject who smelled the scent for dementia diagnosis.

After the attachment pad 111 is attached to the subject's forehead, a response signal output from the subject in response to the near-infrared signal irradiated from the signal irradiation member 112 is received through the signal receiving member 113 . The corresponding reaction signal is provided to the information analysis unit 120 through the providing module 114 .

At this time, it is possible to obtain a reaction signal of the rest section before the examinee takes on the scent for dementia diagnosis and the reaction signal of the test section where the examinee smells the scent for dementia diagnosis, respectively. It is possible to input whether the state was in the state before entrusting it or whether the subject was in the state of smelling incense for dementia diagnosis. The providing module 114 classifies the response signals received from the corresponding signal receiving member 113 as response signals of the rest section when the subject is input through the input module before taking the scent for dementia diagnosis, and through the input module When the subject is input in a state of smell for dementia diagnosis, the reaction signals received by the signal receiving member 113 are classified as reaction signals of the test section and provided to the information analysis unit 120 .

Here, the signal acquisition step (S110) may include a first rest step (S111), a first test step (S112), a second rest step (S113), and a second test step (S114).

The first rest step ( S111 ) is a step of acquiring a reaction signal of the subject before taking the first scent having a predetermined first concentration. That is, a response signal for the rest section of the first diagnosis condition using the first direction is obtained using the signal acquisition unit 110 during the preset rest time. Here, the rest time is preferably applied to 40 seconds.

The first test step ( S112 ) is a step of acquiring a reaction signal of the test subject in a state in which the first scent is inhaled after the first rest step ( S111 ). That is, a response signal for the test section of the first diagnostic condition of the subject is acquired using the signal acquisition unit 110 during the preset test time. Here, the test time is preferably 20 seconds.

The second rest step (S113) is a step of acquiring a reaction signal of the test subject before the second scent having a second concentration higher than the first concentration, after the first test step (S112). At this time, the subject does not smell both the first scent and the second scent. That is, a response signal for the rest section of the second diagnosis condition of the subject is obtained by using the signal acquisition unit 110 during the preset rest time. Here, the rest time is preferably applied to 40 seconds.

The second test step ( S114 ) is a step of acquiring a reaction signal of the test subject in a state in which the second scent is inhaled after the second rest step ( S113 ). That is, a response signal for the test section of the second diagnosis condition of the subject is obtained using the signal acquisition unit 110 during the preset test time. Here, the test time is preferably 20 seconds. After the second test step S114 is completed, the subject is maintained in a state not to smell the first and second scents for 40 seconds.

The information analysis step ( S120 ) is a step of analyzing the response signal acquired in the signal acquisition step ( S110 ) to calculate diagnostic information for the examiner to diagnose whether the subject is dementia or not. The information analysis unit 120 analyzes the response signals of the rest section and the test section based on the response signal provided from the providing module 114 to calculate the digitized diagnostic information. That is, the information analysis unit 120 calculates the diagnostic information by digitizing information on the ratio of the response signal of the rest section to the response signal of the test section.

Here, the information analysis step (S120) includes the reaction signal obtained in the first rest step (S111) and the first test step (S112), the second rest step (S113) and the second test step ( The diagnostic information is calculated by analyzing the response signal obtained in S114), and includes a first data calculation step (S121), a second data calculation step (S122), and a diagnostic information calculation step (S123).

The first data calculation step (S121) is a low concentration calculation for the ratio of the response signal of the examinee collected in the first rest step (S111) to the reaction signal of the examinee collected in the first test step (S112) This is the data generation step. Here, the first data calculation module 123 includes the response signal of the subject collected in the first test step (S112), that is, the response signal of the test section of the first diagnosis section, and the reaction signal of the test section of the first diagnosis section, collected in the first rest step (S111). The low concentration calculation data is calculated by receiving the response signal of the subject, that is, the response signal of the rest section of the first diagnosis section, from the first signal classification module 121 and applying Equation 1 above. In Equation 1, the signal values for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the first diagnostic condition are the signal values for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the response signal of the first rest step (S111), and the first diagnostic condition The time of the rest section is the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the first rest step (S111), and the signal values for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the test section of the first diagnostic condition are the reaction signal of the first test step (S112). These are signal values for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, and the time of the test section of the first diagnostic condition is applied to the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the first test step ( S112 ).

On the other hand, the second data calculation step (S122) is a high concentration for the ratio of the response signal of the examinee collected in the second rest step (S113) to the reaction signal of the examinee collected in the second test step (S114) This is the step of calculating the calculated data. Here, the second data calculation module 124 includes the test subject's reaction signal collected in the second test step (S114), that is, the reaction signal of the test section of the second diagnosis section, and the reaction signal collected in the second rest step (S113). The response signal of the subject, that is, the response signal of the rest section of the second diagnosis section is provided from the second signal classification module 122 and applied to Equation 2 to calculate high concentration calculation data. In Equation 2, the signal values for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the second diagnostic condition are the signal values for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the response signal of the second rest step (S113), and the second diagnostic condition The time of the rest section is the acquisition time of the reaction signal of the second rest step (S113), and the signal values for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the test section of the second diagnostic condition are the reaction signal of the second test step (S114). Signal values for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, and the time of the test section of the second diagnostic condition is applied to the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the second test step (S114).

The diagnostic information calculation step S123 is a step of calculating the diagnostic information by analyzing the low concentration calculation data and the high concentration calculation data. Here, the diagnostic information calculating module 125 calculates the diagnostic information using Equation 3 above.

On the other hand, a dementia diagnosis study was conducted using the dementia diagnosis method using the sense of smell of the present invention by selecting a number of experienced participants. For the experience, 11 researchers, 37 elderly people aged 70 to 80 years, 4 patients with asymptomatic early dementia, and 1 dementia patient were selected. The test results for the participants are shown in Table 1 below.

researcher senior citizen asymptomatic suspected patient dementia patient age (yr) 29.9±2.96 70-80 - 99 Data change rate (%) 2.01±0.0659 1.06±0.0666 26.32±0.134 652±5.826 number of channels 4 4 4 8 Dementia diagnosis incense Downey Downey Downey Mint
Peanut butter
strawberry Number of response signal data 10 36 4 3

Here, the data change rate relates to the change rate of the response signal data when changing from the rest section to the test section. In FIG. 6 , the rate of change of response signal data when changing from the rest section to the test section of each experiencer is posted. Referring to FIG. 5 , it can be seen that the response signal data of the dementia patient is significantly changed compared to that of the other experienced patients. However, in the case of patients suspected of asymptomatic dementia, it can be seen that the data change rate is not large. Meanwhile, in FIG. 7 , diagnostic information for each experienced person calculated through the information analysis unit 120 is posted. Referring to the drawings, it can be seen that, in the case of patients suspected of asymptomatic dementia, the number of diagnostic information is relatively larger than that of other experienced patients. Here, in the case of a patient suspected of asymptomatic early dementia, dementia was later diagnosed. Accordingly, through the diagnostic information calculated through the method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell according to the present invention, it is possible to easily identify a patient in an early dementia state even if no symptoms of dementia are expressed.

The description of the presented embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments presented herein, but is to be construed in the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features presented herein.

100: Dementia diagnosis system using smell
110: signal acquisition unit
111: attachment pad
112: signal irradiation member
113: signal receiving member
114: providing module
115: protrusion member
120: information analysis unit
S110: signal acquisition step
S120: information analysis step

Claims (25)

Obtaining a response signal output in response to a near-infrared signal irradiated to the head of a subject by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), the first direction having a predetermined first concentration and the first concentration a signal acquisition unit configured to acquire a response signal of the subject who smells a second scent having a high second concentration; and
and an information analysis unit that analyzes the response signal provided by the signal acquisition unit and calculates diagnostic information that enables the examiner to diagnose whether the subject is dementia or not;
The information analysis unit calculates low concentration calculation data, which is a ratio of the response signal of the subject before taking the first scent to the reaction signal of the subject who is in the first scent, and the subject in the second scent Calculating high concentration calculation data that is a ratio to the response signal of the examinee in a state before taking the second direction for the reaction signal of , and calculating the diagnostic information based on the low concentration calculation data and the high concentration calculation data,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
According to claim 1,
The signal acquisition unit acquires a reaction signal of a rest section before the subject takes on the first and second directions and a reaction signal of a test section in which the subject takes on the first and second directions, respectively,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
3. The method of claim 2,
The information analysis unit analyzes the response signals of the rest section and the test section to calculate the digitized diagnostic information,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
delete delete 3. The method of claim 2,
The signal acquisition unit
obtaining a reaction signal of the subject under a first diagnosis condition using the first direction and a reaction signal of the subject under a second diagnosis condition using the second direction;
wherein the information analysis unit analyzes the response signal of the examinee under the first diagnostic condition and the reaction signal of the examinee under the second diagnostic condition to calculate the diagnostic information;
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
7. The method of claim 6,
The information analysis unit
a first signal classification module for classifying the response signal of the subject of the first diagnosis condition into a response signal of the rest section and a response signal of the test section;
a second signal classification module for classifying the response signal of the subject under the second diagnosis condition into a response signal of the rest section and a response signal of the test section;
a first data calculation module for calculating the low concentration calculation data based on the response signal provided from the first signal classification module;
a second data calculation module for calculating the high concentration calculation data based on the response signal provided by the second signal classification module; and
A diagnostic information calculation module for calculating the diagnostic information by analyzing the low concentration calculation data and the high concentration calculation data;
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
8. The method of claim 7,
The first data calculation module applies the signal for oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal provided from the first signal classification module to the following equation to apply the low concentration calculate the output data;

Here, DIV (low concentration) is the low concentration calculation data, a is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the first diagnostic condition, and b is the deoxyhemoglobin value in the rest section of the first diagnostic condition. signal value, L _ab is the time of the rest period of the first diagnostic condition, c is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin of the rest period of the first diagnostic condition, and d is the test period of the first diagnostic condition is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin of , and L _cd is the time of the test section of the first diagnostic condition,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8,
The second data calculation module applies a signal for oxyhemoglobin and a signal for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal provided by the second signal classification module to the following equation to apply the high concentration calculate the output data;

Here, DIV (high concentration) is the high concentration calculation data, e is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the second diagnostic condition, and f is the deoxyhemoglobin in the rest section of the second diagnostic condition. signal value, L _ef is the time of the rest period of the second diagnosis condition, g is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin of the rest period of the second diagnosis condition, f is the test period of the second diagnosis condition is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin of , and L _gh is the time of the test section of the second diagnostic condition,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
8. The method of claim 7,
wherein the diagnostic information calculation module calculates a ratio of the high concentration calculation data to the low concentration calculation data as the diagnostic information,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
According to claim 1,
The signal acquisition unit
an attachment pad attached to the head of the subject;
a signal irradiation member installed on the attachment pad and irradiating a near-infrared signal to the head of the subject;
a signal receiving member installed on the attachment pad to receive a reaction signal output from the head of the subject in response to the near-infrared signal irradiated from the signal irradiation member; and
A providing module for providing the response signal received by the signal receiving member to the information analysis unit; comprising,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
12. The method of claim 11,
The signal receiving member is installed on the attachment pad at a position corresponding to the forehead of the examinee so as to receive the response signal for the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) of the subject,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
13. The method of claim 12,
The signal irradiation member is installed on the attachment pad at a position adjacent to the signal receiving member,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
14. The method of claim 13,
The signal irradiation member is installed on the attachment pad at a position corresponding to the eyebrow of the subject,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
13. The method of claim 12,
A plurality of the signal receiving members are respectively installed on the attachment pads at positions corresponding to the left and right regions of the forehead with respect to the eyebrows of the subject,
Dementia diagnosis system using the sense of smell.
A reaction signal output in response to a near-infrared signal irradiated to a subject's head is obtained by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), wherein the signal acquisition unit obtains a first direction having a predetermined first concentration and the second direction a signal acquisition step of acquiring a response signal of the subject who smells a second fragrance having a second concentration higher than the first concentration; and
An information analysis step of analyzing the response signal acquired in the signal acquisition step by an information analysis unit to calculate diagnostic information for an examiner to diagnose whether the subject has dementia;
In the information analysis step, the information analysis unit calculates low concentration calculation data, which is a ratio of the response signal of the examinee in the state before taking the first scent to the reaction signal of the examinee in the state taking the first scent, and the second Calculate the high concentration calculation data that is the ratio of the response signal of the examinee in the state before taking the second scent to the reaction signal of the examinee who is in the smelling state, and calculate the diagnostic information based on the low concentration calculated data and the high concentration calculated data doing,
A method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell.
17. The method of claim 16,
In the signal acquisition step, the signal acquisition unit acquires a reaction signal of a rest section before the subject takes on the first and second directions and a reaction signal of a test section in which the subject takes on the first and second directions, respectively ,
A method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell.
18. The method of claim 17,
In the information analysis step, the information analysis unit analyzes the response signals of the rest section and the test section to calculate the digitized diagnostic information,
A method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell.
delete delete 18. The method of claim 17,
The signal acquisition step is
a first rest step of obtaining a reaction signal of the subject before the signal obtaining unit takes on the first direction;
a first test step of obtaining, by the signal acquisition unit, a reaction signal of the subject in a state in which the first scent is smelled, after the first rest step;
after the first test step, a second rest step of obtaining a reaction signal of the subject before the signal obtaining unit takes on the second direction; and
After the second rest step, a second test step of obtaining a response signal of the subject in a state in which the signal acquisition unit smells the second scent; includes;
In the information analysis step, the information analysis unit analyzes the reaction signal obtained in the first rest step and the first test step, and the reaction signal obtained in the second rest step and the second test step, to calculate diagnostic information,
A method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell.
22. The method of claim 21,
The information analysis step is
a first data calculation step in which the first data calculation module of the information analysis unit calculates the low concentration calculation data;
a second data calculation step in which the second data calculation module of the information analysis unit calculates the high concentration calculation data; and
a diagnostic information calculation step in which the diagnostic information calculation module of the information analysis unit analyzes the low concentration calculation data and the high concentration calculation data to calculate the diagnostic information;
A method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell.
23. The method of claim 22,
In the first data calculation step, the first data calculation module transmits a signal for oxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal collected in the first test step and the first rest step, and deoxyhemoglobin to deoxyhemoglobin. Calculate the low concentration calculated data by applying the signal to the following equation,

Here, DIV (low concentration) is the low concentration calculation data, a is a signal value for oxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the first rest step, and b is included in the reaction signal obtained in the first rest step is the signal value for deoxyhemoglobin, L _ab is the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the first rest step, c is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin included in the response signal obtained in the first test step, d is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the first test step, and L _cd is the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the first test step,
A method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell.
23. The method of claim 22,
In the second data calculation step, the second data calculation module transmits a signal for oxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal collected in the second test step and the second rest step, and deoxyhemoglobin to deoxyhemoglobin. Calculate the low concentration calculated data by applying the signal to the following equation,

Here, DIV (high concentration) is the high concentration calculation data, e is a signal value for oxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the second rest step, and f is included in the reaction signal obtained in the second rest step is the signal value for deoxyhemoglobin, L _ef is the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the first rest step, g is the signal value for oxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the second test step, f is a signal value for deoxyhemoglobin included in the reaction signal obtained in the second test step, and L _gh is the acquisition time of the reaction signal in the second test step,
A method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell.
23. The method of claim 22,
In the diagnostic information calculation step, the diagnostic information calculation module calculates a ratio of the high concentration calculation data to the low concentration calculation data as the diagnostic information,
A method for diagnosing dementia using the sense of smell.

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