KR102421736B1 - Holographic display apparatus and method of providing enhanced image quality - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a holographic display device and a holographic display method that provide improved picture quality. A holographic display apparatus according to an embodiment is configured to sequentially reproduce holographic images of a plurality of frames in a shifting manner, and horizontally move a periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting a position of a holographic image to be reproduced for each frame can be

Description

Holographic display apparatus and method of providing enhanced image quality

The disclosed embodiments relate to a holographic display apparatus and a holographic display method, and more particularly, to a holographic display apparatus and a holographic display method for improving image quality when reproducing a holographic image in an off-axis manner. it's about

As a method of realizing a three-dimensional image, the glasses method and the glasses-free method are widely commercialized and used. The glasses method includes a polarized glasses method and a shutter glasses method, and the glasses-free method includes a lenticular method and a parallax barrier method. These methods use the binocular parallax of the two eyes, and there is a limit to the increase in the number of viewpoints, and the depth perceived by the brain and the focus of the eyes do not match, making the viewer feel fatigued.

As a three-dimensional image display method capable of providing full parallax with the depth perceived by the brain and the focus of the eyes coincide, the holographic display method is gradually being put into practical use. The holographic display method uses the principle of reproducing the image of the original object by irradiating and diffracting the reference light to a hologram pattern in which the interference fringe obtained by interfering the reference light with the object light reflected from the original object is irradiated. The holographic display method currently being put into practical use provides a computer generated hologram (CGH) as an electrical signal to the spatial light modulator rather than directly exposing an original object to obtain a hologram pattern. The spatial light modulator forms a hologram pattern according to the input CGH signal and diffracts the reference light to generate a 3D image.

Provided are a holographic display device and a holographic display method that provide improved image quality.

A holographic display apparatus according to an embodiment includes: a light source providing a reference light; a spatial light modulator configured to form a hologram pattern for reproducing a holographic image by modulating a reference light, and configured to sequentially form a plurality of hologram patterns to sequentially reproduce holographic images of a plurality of frames; and a control unit configured to provide a hologram data signal of a hologram pattern to be formed in the spatial light modulator. Here, the control unit is configured to further provide a diffraction pattern data signal to the spatial light modulator for forming a periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting a position of a holographic image to be reproduced on a holographic image plane, and the control unit is configured to further provide the spatial light modulator with the periodic diffraction pattern. A diffraction pattern data signal may be provided to the spatial light modulator so that the pattern is horizontally moved for each frame.

The holographic image includes a first color image, a second color image, and a third color image having different colors, and the diffraction pattern includes a first periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting a position of the first color image, a second color image A second periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of , and a third periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the third color image may be provided, and the first to third periodic diffraction patterns may have different periods.

A period of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns may be proportional to a wavelength of light of the first to third color, respectively.

The diffraction pattern includes a first frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the first frame and a second frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the second frame. The first frame diffraction pattern and the second frame diffraction pattern may be displayed on the spatial light modulator by horizontally moving with respect to each other.

For example, the horizontal movement distance of the first frame diffraction pattern and the second frame diffraction pattern may be smaller than a least common multiple of periods of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns.

When the position of the diffraction pattern is changed with a period of N frames, the horizontal movement distance of the first frame diffraction pattern and the second frame diffraction pattern is obtained by dividing the minimum common multiple of the periods of the first to third period diffraction patterns into N equal parts. It can be chosen to be a multiple of the value.

A position at which the diffraction pattern is displayed in the spatial light modulator may be determined according to a phase of a prism grating function for generating the diffraction pattern data signal.

The diffraction pattern includes a first frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the first frame and a second frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the second frame. The phase of the prism grating function of the first frame diffraction pattern may be different from the phase of the prism grating function of the second frame diffraction pattern.

The controller may be configured to sequentially change the phase of the prism grating function while sequentially reproducing the holographic images of a plurality of frames.

The controller may be configured to irregularly change the phase of the prism grating function while sequentially reproducing the holographic images of a plurality of frames.

In addition, the holographic display method according to an embodiment includes the step of sequentially displaying a plurality of holographic patterns by a spatial light modulator in order to sequentially reproduce holographic images of a plurality of frames, wherein the spatial light modulator is reproduced A periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the holographic image on the holographic image plane may be further displayed, and the periodic diffraction pattern may be displayed by being horizontally moved on the spatial light modulator for each frame.

On the other hand, a holographic display device according to another embodiment, a light source for providing a reference light; a spatial light modulator displaying a hologram pattern for reproducing a holographic image including a first color image, a second color image, and a third color image having different colors by modulating a reference light; and a control unit configured to provide a hologram data signal of a hologram pattern to be displayed on the spatial light modulator. Here, the controller may be configured to further provide a diffraction pattern data signal for displaying a periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting a position of a holographic image to be reproduced to the spatial light modulator. Also, the controller may be configured to determine the period of the diffraction pattern based on only the wavelength of light of the first color image among the first color image, the second color image, and the third color image.

The holographic display device may further include a distance measuring unit measuring a distance between the observer and the spatial light modulator, wherein the control unit allows color dispersion of the second color image and the third color image by the diffraction pattern. To be smaller than a circle, the depth of the reproduced holographic image may be adjusted based on a distance between the observer and the spatial light modulator.

In addition, the control unit may include a hologram data signal of a hologram pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator such that positions of the second color image and the third color image coincide with positions of the first color image at a depth at which the holographic image is reproduced. can create

In addition, the hologram pattern is configured to move the second color image in a direction opposite to the chromatic dispersion of the second color image in order to offset the chromatic dispersion of the second color image by the diffraction pattern at the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced. can be

In addition, the hologram pattern is configured to move the third color image in a direction opposite to the chromatic dispersion of the third color image in order to offset the chromatic dispersion of the third color image by the diffraction pattern at the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced. can be

A holographic display device according to another embodiment includes: a light source providing a reference light; a spatial light modulator for reproducing a holographic image by amplitude-modulating a reference light; and a controller extracting an amplitude modulation value from holographic data of a holographic image to be reproduced and providing the extracted amplitude modulation value to the spatial light modulator. Here, the control unit selects only any one of a part having a positive amplitude and a part having a negative amplitude in the real part of the hologram data expressed as a complex number, and processes the real part of the unselected hologram data as 0, and the selected hologram and provide the absolute value of the real part of the data as an amplitude modulated value to the spatial light modulator.

In addition, while the holographic image of the first frame is reproduced, the control unit selects a portion having a positive amplitude, processes a portion having a negative amplitude as 0, and reproduces the holographic image of a second frame following the first frame. while, it may be configured to select a portion with a negative amplitude and treat a portion with a positive amplitude as zero.

In addition, the control unit may be configured to remove a high-order spatial frequency component of the extracted amplitude modulation value using a low-pass filter before providing the extracted amplitude modulation value to the spatial light modulator.

A holographic display device according to another embodiment includes: a light source providing a reference light; a spatial light modulator for reproducing a holographic image by amplitude-modulating a reference light; and a control unit extracting an amplitude modulation value from the hologram data of the holographic image to be reproduced and providing it to the spatial light modulator, wherein the control unit includes an absolute value of the hologram data expressed as a complex number and a value of the real part of the hologram data. and at least one of the values of the imaginary part of the hologram data to calculate the amplitude modulation value.

For example, the amplitude modulation value may be the sum of an absolute value of hologram data expressed as a complex number and a value of a real part of the hologram data.

In another example, the amplitude modulation value may be a sum of an absolute value of the hologram data expressed as a complex number and a value of an imaginary part of the hologram data.

In another example, the amplitude modulation value is a product of a value of a first coefficient and a value of a real part of the hologram data expressed as a complex number, a product of a value of the imaginary part of the hologram data and a second coefficient, and an absolute value of the hologram data and a third coefficient It can be calculated by adding the products of .

Here, the third coefficient is a non-zero value, and the values of the first and second coefficients may be selected such that the amplitude modulation value is equal to or greater than zero in all coordinates.

According to the disclosed holographic display apparatus and holographic display method, when a holographic image is reproduced in an off-axis manner, the image quality of the holographic image can be improved because Moire noise is alleviated and thus less exposed.

In addition, according to the disclosed holographic display apparatus and holographic display method, it is possible to suppress a decrease in contrast ratio (CR) even when a holographic image is reproduced in an off-axis manner using a spatial light modulator of an amplitude modulation method. have.

1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of a holographic display device according to an embodiment.
2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a principle of reproducing a holographic image in an axis-off method.
3 exemplarily shows a periodic diffraction pattern displayed on a spatial light modulator in order to reproduce a holographic image in an off-axis manner.
4 exemplarily shows moire image noise generated by a plurality of periodic diffraction patterns having different periods causing a beating phenomenon.
5A to 5C exemplarily show a holographic display method according to an embodiment in which positions of diffraction patterns are horizontally moved according to frames in order to alleviate wave pattern image noise.
6 exemplarily shows a process of generating a hologram data signal and a diffraction pattern data signal by the controller to horizontally move the positions of the diffraction patterns according to the frame.
7 exemplarily illustrates chromatic dispersion occurring in the reproduced holographic image when only one periodic diffraction pattern is used when the holographic image is reproduced in an off-axis manner.
FIG. 8 exemplarily shows a hologram pattern displayed on a spatial light modulator in order to prevent chromatic dispersion even when only one periodic diffraction pattern is used.
9 exemplarily shows a process of generating a hologram data signal and a diffraction pattern data signal by the controller in order to prevent chromatic dispersion even when only one periodic diffraction pattern is used.
10 exemplarily shows a holographic display method according to an embodiment of adjusting the amplitude modulation value of the spatial light modulator so that the contrast ratio is not reduced even when the spatial light modulator is an amplitude modulator capable of only performing amplitude modulation. .
11 is a graph exemplarily showing a result of removing a high-order spatial frequency component using a low-pass filter in the graph shown in FIG. 10( c ).
12 is a holographic view according to another embodiment in which the amplitude modulation value of the spatial light modulator is adjusted so that the contrast ratio is not reduced while reflecting the imaginary part of the hologram data even when the spatial light modulator is an amplitude modulator capable of only performing amplitude modulation. The display method is shown as an example.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a holographic display apparatus and a holographic display method that provide improved image quality will be described in detail. In the following drawings, the same reference numerals refer to the same components, and the size of each component in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of description. In addition, the embodiments described below are merely exemplary, and various modifications are possible from these embodiments. In addition, in the layer structure described below, the expression "upper" or "upper" may include not only directly above in contact, but also above in non-contact.

1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of a holographic display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a holographic display apparatus 100 according to an embodiment includes a light source 110 providing a reference light, a spatial light modulator 120 forming a hologram pattern for modulating the reference light, and a spatial light modulator. The control unit 140 for controlling the operation of 120 may be included. In addition, the holographic display apparatus 100 may further include a gaze tracking unit 130 for tracking the observer's pupil position. Although not shown in FIG. 1 , the holographic display apparatus 100 may further include a Fourier lens that allows the reference light modulated by the spatial light modulator 120 to be focused on a predetermined space. A holographic image may be reproduced in a space by focusing the modulated reference light on a predetermined space by a Fourier lens. However, if the light source 110 provides the focused reference light, the Fourier lens may be omitted.

The light source 110 may include a laser to provide the reference light having high coherence to the spatial light modulator 120 . However, since the reference light can be sufficiently diffracted and modulated by the spatial light modulator 120 when the reference light has spatial coherence above a certain level, it is also possible to use a light emitting diode (LED) as the light source 110 . In addition to the light emitting diode, any other light source can be used as long as it emits light having spatial coherence. Although one light source 110 is illustrated in FIG. 1 for convenience, the light source 110 may include a plurality of lasers or an array of light emitting diodes.

The spatial light modulator 120 may form a hologram pattern for diffracting and modulating the reference light according to the hologram data signal provided from the controller 140 . The spatial light modulator 120 may use any one of a phase modulator capable of performing only phase modulation, an amplitude modulator capable of performing only amplitude modulation, and a complex modulator capable of performing both phase and amplitude modulation. Although the spatial light modulator 120 is shown as a transmissive spatial light modulator in FIG. 1, it is also possible to use a reflective spatial light modulator. In the case of the transmissive type, the spatial light modulator 120 may use, for example, a semiconductor modulator based on a compound semiconductor such as GaAs, or a liquid crystal device (LCD). In the case of the reflective type, the spatial light modulator 120 may use, for example, a digital micromirror device (DMD), a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS), or a semiconductor modulator.

The eye tracking unit 130 may obtain an image of the observer through a camera or the like, detect the pupil of the observer in the image, and analyze the position thereof. In addition, the eye tracking unit 130 may also serve as a distance measuring unit measuring the distance between the observer and the spatial light modulator 120 . Accordingly, the eye tracking unit 130 may track the change in the position of the observer's pupil and the change in the distance between the observer and the spatial light modulator 120 in real time, and provide the result to the controller 140 .

The controller 140 may be configured to generate a holographic data signal according to a holographic image to be provided to an observer and provide it to the spatial light modulator 120 . Also, the controller 140 may actively control the operation of the spatial light modulator 120 according to a change in the observer's pupil position input from the eye tracking unit 130 . The control unit 140 may be implemented using software, or may be implemented in the form of a semiconductor chip in which the function of such software is embedded.

The operation of the holographic display apparatus 100 is as follows. First, the controller 140 generates a hologram data signal and provides it to the spatial light modulator 120 . The holographic data signal may be a CGH signal calculated so that a target holographic image is reproduced in space. The controller 140 may generate a hologram data signal according to a holographic image to be reproduced. The spatial light modulator 120 may form a hologram pattern on the surface of the spatial light modulator 120 according to the hologram data signal provided from the controller 140 . The principle of the spatial light modulator 120 forming the hologram pattern may be, for example, the same as the principle of the display panel displaying an image. For example, the hologram pattern may be displayed in the spatial light modulator 120 in the form of an interference fringe having information of a holographic image to be reproduced.

At the same time, the light source 110 provides a reference light to the spatial light modulator 120 . As the reference light is diffracted and interfered with by the hologram pattern formed in the spatial light modulator 120 , the holographic image HI having a three-dimensional effect may be reproduced in a predetermined space in front of the spatial light modulator 120 . Each of the various cross-sections constituting the three-dimensional image in space in this way may be called a hologram image plane. In addition, the average distance between the holographic image plane and the inter-optical optical modulator 120 may be referred to as a depth (d). The shape and depth d of the holographic image HI to be reproduced may be determined according to a hologram pattern formed in the spatial light modulator 120 . Then, the observer can enjoy the holographic image HI at a position that is separated by D from the spatial light modulator 120 . At this position, the imaginary plane containing the observer's pupil becomes the pupil plane.

However, since the general spatial light modulator 120 that performs only one of the phase modulation and the amplitude modulation is composed of an array of a plurality of pixels, the array of the plurality of pixels acts as a lattice. Accordingly, the reference light is diffracted and interfered not only by the hologram pattern formed in the spatial light modulator 120 but also by the pixel grid composed of the array of pixels of the spatial light modulator 120 . In addition, some of the reference light is not diffracted by the hologram pattern and passes through the spatial light modulator 120 as it is. As a result, a plurality of lattice spots appear on the pupil plane of the observer on which the holographic image HI is collected. These multiple grid points act as image noise that degrades the quality of the holographic image HI and makes viewing of the holographic image HI uncomfortable.

In order to prevent the plurality of grid points from being invisible to the observer, the holographic image may be reproduced in an off-axis manner so that the focus of the holographic image HI is reproduced while avoiding the plurality of grid points on the pupil plane. Since the plurality of grid points is generated by the internal structure of the spatial light modulator 120 and is independent of the hologram pattern, the positions of the plurality of grid points are always fixed. On the other hand, since the location of the focal point of the holographic image HI on the pupil plane is determined by the hologram pattern, the hologram pattern may be formed so that the holographic image HI is reproduced at a position where there are no lattice points. Adjusting the position of the focal point of the holographic image HI in this way serves to adjust the position of the hologram image in the hologram image plane.

For example, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a principle of reproducing a hologram image in an axis-off method. Referring to FIG. 2 , one lattice point N1 in the center is generated by the reference light passing through the spatial light modulator 120 without diffraction, and a plurality of lattice points N2 in the vicinity are the spatial light modulator 120 . ) caused by reference light diffracted and interfered by the pixel grating. When the hologram pattern is formed without considering the grid points N1 and N2, the grid points N1 and N2 are generally located at the center of the focus area HI1 of the reproduced holographic image. In Fig. 2, for convenience, the focus area HI1 of the holographic image is displayed only at the grid point N1 in the center. Focus areas may be formed. As a result, when the observer's pupil is in the position of the focal region HI1 of the holographic image, the noise image of the grid point N1 is also viewed together with the holographic image.

Therefore, it may be advantageous to form the focal region HI2 of the holographic image avoiding the grid points N1 and N2 so that the grid points N1 and N2 are not visible to the observer. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the focus area HI2 of the holographic image in which the focus area HI1 of the original holographic image is moved by Δx in the x-direction and moved by Δy in the y-direction is formed. can Then, when the observer places the pupil at the center of the focal region HI2 of the holographic image to view the holographic image, the noise image due to the grid point N1 is not visible or feels less. On the other hand, when forming the focus area HI2 of the holographic image in which the focus area HI1 of the original holographic image is moved, as shown in FIG. 2, the focus area of the holographic image ( A focal region HI2* of a complex conjugate image may appear at a symmetrical position of HI2).

In order to adjust the position of the focal region HI2 of the holographic image in the above-described manner, the spatial light modulator 120 determines the position of the focal region HI2 of the holographic image together with the hologram pattern containing information of the holographic image to be reproduced. It is possible to further form a periodic diffraction pattern to control. To this end, the controller 140 may generate not only the hologram data signal but also the diffraction pattern data signal and provide it to the spatial light modulator 120 . Since the propagation direction of the reference light is bent by the periodic diffraction pattern displayed by the spatial light modulator 120 , the position of the focal region HI2 of the holographic image may deviate from the grid points N1 and N2 . Since this periodic diffraction pattern that bends the propagation direction of light acts as a kind of prism, the periodic diffraction pattern may be referred to as a prism grating. The degree to which the position of the focus area HI2 of the holographic image moves may be determined according to the period of the diffraction pattern.

For example, FIG. 3 exemplarily illustrates the diffraction pattern P displayed on the spatial light modulator 120 to form the focal region HI2 of the holographic image in an off-axis manner. Although only the diffraction pattern P is shown in FIG. 3 for convenience, the spatial light modulator 120 may display the diffraction pattern P and the hologram pattern together. As shown in FIG. 3 , the diffraction pattern P has a period Λx in the x-direction and a period Λy in the y-direction. Here, the period Λx in the x-direction is the interval in the x-direction between each grating line constituting the diffraction pattern P, and the period Λy in the y-direction is each constituting the diffraction pattern P is the spacing in the y-direction between the grid lines of These periods (Λx, Λy) are the movement distances (Δx, Δy) of the focal region HI2 of the holographic image in the pupil plane where the focal region HI2 of the holographic image is formed, and the distance from the spatial light modulator 120 to the viewing area. It can be determined by the following Equation 1 by the distance D and the wavelength λ of the light.

Meanwhile, in order to implement a color holographic image, the light source 110 may provide white reference light including red light, green light, and blue light. The hologram pattern displayed in the spatial light modulator 120 diffracts red light to reproduce a red holographic image, a component for diffracting green light to reproduce a green holographic image, and diffracts blue light to reproduce a blue holographic image. It may contain ingredients for When the red holographic image, the green holographic image, and the blue holographic image are reproduced at the same position on the holographic image plane, a color holographic image may be realized.

In addition, as shown in Equation 1, since the periods (Λx, Λy) of the diffraction pattern P depend on the wavelength of light, when implementing a color holographic image, the diffraction pattern P has three types of diffraction patterns with different periods. may include For example, the diffraction pattern P includes a first period diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the red holographic image, a second period diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the green holographic image, and a third period for adjusting the position of the blue holographic image. It may include a diffraction pattern. In order for the red holographic image, the green holographic image, and the blue holographic image to be reproduced to match the same position on the holographic image plane, the first to third period diffraction patterns may have different periods. For example, the movement distances (Δx, Δy) of the focal regions of the red hologram image, the green hologram image, and the blue holographic image on the pupil plane and the distance D from the spatial light modulator 120 to the viewing area are common values, so the first Periods of the first to third period diffraction patterns may be proportional only to wavelengths of light of the red holographic image, the green holographic image, and the blue holographic image.

Although the diffraction pattern P is illustrated as having one period in FIG. 3 for convenience of explanation, the spatial light modulator 120 may actually display all of the first to third period diffraction patterns having different periods together. . However, when a plurality of diffraction patterns having different periods are simultaneously displayed in the spatial light modulator 120, beating may occur. For example, each of the grating lines of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns may be densely located in a partial area on the spatial light modulator 120 and may be scattered in other partial areas. As a result, when the first to third periodic diffraction patterns are simultaneously strong at a certain point, a white line appears, and when the intensity is simultaneously weak at another point, a black line appears. For this reason, the white line and the black line appear alternately periodically in the spatial light modulator 120 and the reproduced holographic image. The period in which the white line and the black line appear alternately becomes the least common multiple (or an approximate value close to the least common multiple) of the periods of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns. If the period in which the white and black lines alternately appear is greater than the respective resolution of the observer's naked eye, image noise like a hatch is seen, which is called Moire noise. For example, FIG. 4 exemplarily illustrates moire image noise generated when first to third period diffraction patterns having different periods cause a beat phenomenon. In FIG. 4 , an area indicated by (A) is a dark area in which a black line appears, and an area indicated by (B) is a bright area in which a white line appears.

As one method for alleviating the wave pattern image noise, it is possible to average the white line and the black line as a whole by changing the positions where the white line and the black line appear on the spatial light modulator 120 with time. The positions of the white and black lines of the wave pattern image noise are determined according to the positions of the respective grating lines of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns. Accordingly, by changing the positions of the entire diffraction patterns P displayed in the spatial light modulator 120 with time, the positions of the white and black lines of the wave pattern image noise can be changed with time.

For example, FIGS. 5A to 5C exemplarily show a holographic display method according to an embodiment of horizontally moving the positions of the diffraction patterns P1 , P2 , and P3 according to the frame in order to alleviate the wave pattern image noise. are doing Although only the diffraction patterns P1, P2, and P3 are displayed in FIGS. 5A to 5C for convenience of explanation, the spatial light modulator 120 may simultaneously display the diffraction patterns P1, P2, and P3 and the hologram patterns. . That is, the spatial light modulator 120 may sequentially form and display a plurality of hologram patterns in order to sequentially reproduce holographic images of a plurality of frames. For example, the spatial light modulator 120 displays a first hologram pattern for reproducing a holographic image of a first frame in a first frame, and then displays a second hologram pattern for reproducing a holographic image of a second frame in a second frame. A holographic pattern can be displayed. In addition, although only one diffraction pattern (P1, P2, P3) is shown for each frame for convenience of explanation in FIGS. 5A to 5C, in reality, each of the diffraction patterns (P1, P2, P3) is a red holographic image, green It may include first to third period diffraction patterns of different periods for moving the holographic image and the blue holographic image, respectively.

While displaying the hologram pattern in each frame, the spatial light modulator 120 may form and display a periodic diffraction pattern that adjusts the position of the holographic image to be reproduced. At this time, in order to alleviate the wave pattern image noise, as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C , the spatial light modulator 120 horizontally moves the diffraction patterns P1 , P2 , and P3 for each frame to be displayed. . For example, the position of the diffraction pattern P2 formed by the spatial light modulator 120 in the second frame is horizontally shifted to the right by d1 compared to the diffraction pattern P1 formed by the spatial light modulator 120 in the first frame. can be Also, the position of the diffraction pattern P3 in the third frame may be horizontally shifted to the right by d2 compared to the diffraction pattern P1 in the first frame. If the positions of the diffraction patterns P1, P2, and P3 are changed for every frame, the positions of the white and black lines of the wave pattern image noise also change for each frame, so that the overall white and black lines can be averaged. Accordingly, since the white line and the black line are averaged for a plurality of frames, the moire image noise can be alleviated.

The horizontal movement distance of the diffraction patterns P1, P2, and P3 for every frame may be constant as d1. As described above, the period in which the white line and the black line alternately appear is the least common multiple (or an approximate value close to the least common multiple) of the periods of the first to third period diffraction patterns for the red holographic image, the green holographic image, and the blue holographic image. do. In order to alleviate the wave pattern image noise, it may be advantageous that the horizontal movement distance d1 of the diffraction patterns P1 , P2 , and P3 in every frame is smaller than the period in which the white line and the black line alternately appear. For example, when a cycle in which a white line and a black line alternately appear is Prgb, when the positions of the diffraction patterns P1 and P2 change every two frames, d1 = Prgb/2. If d1 = Prgb, since the positions of the white and black lines are constant in all frames, the white and black lines will not be averaged. In addition, if the positions of the diffraction patterns P1, P2, and P3 are changed with a period of N frames, the horizontal movement distance d1 of the diffraction patterns P1, P2, and P3 for each frame may be Prgb/N.

However, if necessary, the diffraction patterns P1 , P2 , and P3 may be horizontally moved at irregular intervals for each frame. In addition, although the diffraction patterns P1, P2, and P3 are illustrated as horizontally moving in a constant direction in FIGS. 5A to 5C, they may also horizontally move irregularly left and right. For example, when the positions of the diffraction patterns P1, P2, and P3 are changed with a period of N frames, the period Prgb in which the white line and the black line appear alternately (or the periods of the first to third period diffraction patterns) The diffraction patterns P1 , P2 , and P3 may horizontally move irregularly left and right at intervals having any one value among multiples of a value obtained by dividing the minimum common multiple) by N equal parts.

The operation of the spatial light modulator 120 may be controlled by the controller 140 . For example, the control unit 140 generates a hologram data signal of a hologram pattern to be formed in the spatial light modulator 120 and a diffraction pattern data signal for forming the periodic diffraction patterns P1, P2, and P3 in the spatial light modulator. (120) can be provided. In this case, the control unit 140 may generate a diffraction pattern data signal so that the diffraction patterns P1 , P2 , and P3 are horizontally moved in the above-described manner for each frame, and provide the generated diffraction pattern data signal to the spatial light modulator 140 .

For example, FIG. 6 shows a process of generating a hologram data signal and a diffraction pattern data signal in the controller 140 to horizontally move the positions of the diffraction patterns P1, P2, ..., PN in a cycle of N frames. It is shown as an example. Referring to FIG. 6 , in a first frame, the controller 140 generates a hologram data signal CGH1 containing information on a hologram pattern for reproducing a hologram image of the first frame. For example, the controller 140 may generate the hologram data signal CGH1 using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. Then, the controller 140 generates a diffraction pattern data signal of the first frame diffraction pattern P1 displayed on the spatial light modulator 120 while the hologram image of the first frame is reproduced. Such a diffraction pattern data signal may be generated using a prism grating function such as Equation 2 below representing a diffraction pattern.

In Equation 2 above, x and y represent coordinates on the spatial light modulator 120 . In addition, fx and fy are spatial frequencies in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, respectively, and are equal to the reciprocal of the period (Λx, Λy) of the diffraction pattern, and can be expressed as Equation 3 below.

는 i번째 프레임에서에서 회절 패턴의 프리즘 격자 함수의 위상을 나타낸다. 회절 패턴이 공간 광변조기(120) 상에서 표시되는 위치는 수학식 2의 프리즘 격자 함수의 위상에 따라 결정될 수 있다. 따라서, 각각의 프레임마다 Φi의 값을 변화시킴으로써 공간 광변조기(120) 상에서 회절 패턴이 수평 이동할 수 있다. 예컨대, N개의 프레임을 주기로 회절 패턴(P1, P2,..., PN)들의 위치를 순차적으로 수평 이동시킨다면, i번째 프레임에서

값은 다음의 수학식 4와 같이 표현될 수 있다.In addition,

denotes the phase of the prism grating function of the diffraction pattern in the i-th frame. A position at which the diffraction pattern is displayed on the spatial light modulator 120 may be determined according to the phase of the prism grating function of Equation (2). Accordingly, the diffraction pattern may be horizontally moved on the spatial light modulator 120 by changing the value of .phi.i for each frame. For example, if the positions of the diffraction patterns P1, P2, ..., PN are sequentially horizontally moved in N frames, in the i-th frame

The value may be expressed as in Equation 4 below.

Referring back to FIG. 6 , the controller 140 may generate the diffraction pattern data signal of the first frame by using the above-described prism grating function. For example, the phase of the prism grating function of the diffraction pattern P1 in the first frame may be zero. That is, in the first frame, all phases of the prism grating functions of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns of the diffraction pattern P1 may be zero. Then, the controller 140 provides the hologram data signal CGH1 of the first frame and the diffraction pattern data signal together to the spatial light modulator 120 . For example, the final signal provided by the controller 140 to the spatial light modulator 120 may be expressed as a product of the hologram data signal CGH1 and the diffraction pattern data signal. The spatial light modulator 120 may form and display a hologram pattern and a diffraction pattern P1 according to a signal provided from the controller 140 .

Also, in the second frame, the controller 140 generates a hologram data signal CGH2 containing information of a hologram pattern for reproducing the holographic image of the second frame, and space light while reproducing the holographic image of the second frame. A diffraction pattern data signal of the second frame diffraction pattern P2 displayed by the modulator 120 is generated. In the second frame, the phase of the prism grating function of the diffraction pattern P1 may be 2π/N. That is, in the second frame, the phases of the prism grating functions of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns of the diffraction pattern P2 may all be 2π/N. Accordingly, the position of the diffraction pattern P2 displayed in the spatial light modulator 120 may move horizontally with respect to the diffraction pattern P1 of the first frame.

In this way, the controller 140 may generate the hologram data signal CGHN of the N-th frame and the diffraction pattern data signal of the diffraction pattern PN and provide it to the spatial light modulator 120 . Then, in the N+1th frame, the controller 140 again generates the same diffraction pattern data signal as the diffraction pattern P1 of the first frame, and uses the same as the hologram data signal CGHN+1 of the N+1th frame. together with the spatial light modulator 120 may be provided.

In the example of FIG. 6 , the holographic image reproduced in each frame may be the same in the case of a still image. That is, the hologram data signals CGH1, CGH2, ..., CGHN, CGHN+1 may be the same in all frames. Also, in the case of a moving picture, the holographic image reproduced in each frame may be different from each other. That is, the hologram data signals CGH1, CGH2, ..., CGHN, CGHN+1 of each frame may be different from each other.

In the above-described example, it has been described that the controller 140 sequentially changes the phase of the prism lattice function as shown in Equation 4 while sequentially reproducing the holographic images of a plurality of frames. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. For example, the controller 140 may arbitrarily select the value of i in Equation 4 irrespective of the frame order. In this case, while the holographic images of a plurality of frames are sequentially reproduced, the phase of the prism lattice function may change irregularly. Accordingly, the diffraction patterns P1, P2, ..., PN may horizontally move at irregular intervals for each frame.

As another method for alleviating the moire image noise, only one of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns is used. As described above, the moire image noise is generated when the first to third period diffraction patterns having different periods cause a beat phenomenon. Accordingly, if the holographic image is moved using only one of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns, moire image noise may not occur. For example, the controller 140 may provide only the hologram data signal of the second periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the green holographic image to the spatial light modulator 120 . Alternatively, the controller 140 may determine the period of the diffraction pattern based on only the wavelength of light of the red or blue holographic image to generate a hologram data signal and provide it to the spatial light modulator 120 .

However, in this case, positions at which red, green, and blue holographic images having different wavelengths of light are respectively reproduced on the holographic image plane are different from each other, so that chromatic dispersion may occur. For example, FIG. 7 exemplarily illustrates chromatic dispersion occurring in the reproduced holographic image when only one periodic diffraction pattern is used when the holographic image is reproduced in an off-axis manner. Referring to FIG. 7 , the green holographic image HIG is reproduced between the blue holographic image HIB and the red holographic image HIR, and the degree of color dispersion between the blue holographic image HIB and the red holographic image HIR is measured. When converted to length, it may be δ. Even if such chromatic dispersion occurs, the observer may not notice it if the chromatic dispersion is small enough. The maximum chromatic dispersion that cannot be perceived by the observer depends on the size of the circle of confusion (CoC), the distance between the spatial light modulator 120 and the observer (D), and the depth of the reproduced holographic image (d). may vary. For example, if the chromatic dispersion satisfies the condition expressed in Equation 5 below, the observer may not detect the chromatic dispersion.

In Equation 5 above, Leye represents the distance from the lens to the retina. In addition, in Equation 5 above, the reference position of CoC is the retina of the observer. Leye and CoC are substantially fixed values, and the distance D between the spatial light modulator 120 and the observer may be obtained by measuring the eye tracking unit 130 . Accordingly, the controller 140 adjusts the depth d of the reproduced holographic image based on the distance D between the observer and the spatial light modulator so that the chromatic dispersion δ is smaller than the maximum chromatic dispersion δmax that cannot be perceived by the observer. can For example, the controller 140 uses the distance D between the observer and the spatial light modulator provided by the eye tracking unit 130 to set the depth ( d) can be calculated. In addition, the controller 140 may generate a hologram data signal to reproduce the hologram image at the calculated depth d and provide it to the spatial light modulator 120 . Therefore, by changing the depth of the holographic image according to the movement of the observer, it is possible to prevent the observer from detecting chromatic dispersion.

In addition, when the holographic image is moved using only one of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns, it is possible to remove color dispersion by correcting the position of the original image for each color. That is, when moving the holographic image only with the second periodic diffraction pattern, the position of the red hologram data contained in the hologram data signal and the blue color so that the positions of the red and blue holographic images coincide with the positions of the green holographic image The position of the hologram data can be corrected. For example, FIG. 8 exemplarily illustrates hologram patterns Hr, Hg, and Hb displayed by the spatial light modulator 120 in order to prevent chromatic dispersion even when only one periodic diffraction pattern is used. The shapes of the hologram patterns Hr, Hg, and Hb shown in FIG. 8 are simple examples, and the shapes of the hologram patterns Hr, Hg, and Hb may vary greatly depending on the shape, location, and depth of the holographic image to be reproduced. . As shown in FIG. 8 , by pre-correcting the position of the original image for each color, the positions of the reproduced holographic images of each color can be matched at the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced (ie, the holographic image plane).

To this end, the controller 140 may generate hologram data so that the positions of the reproduced holographic images of each color match on the holographic image plane and provide the generated hologram data to the spatial light modulator 120 . For example, FIG. 9 exemplarily illustrates a process of generating a hologram data signal and a diffraction pattern data signal by the controller 140 in order to prevent chromatic dispersion even when only one periodic diffraction pattern is used. In FIG. 9 , it is assumed that the period of the diffraction pattern is determined based on the green wavelength.

Referring to FIG. 9 , first, the controller 140 controls a red hologram data component (CGHr), a green hologram data component (CGHg), and a blue hologram data component (CGHb) in the original hologram data signal (CGH) that does not consider chromatic dispersion. ) can be separated. Then, the controller 140 generates a new red hologram data component (CGHr') to correct the position of the red hologram image in the red hologram data component (CGHr), and the position of the blue hologram image in the blue hologram data component (CGHb) A new blue hologram data component (CGHb') may be generated to correct . For example, the positions of the red hologram image and the blue hologram image in the corrected red hologram data component (CGHr') and the blue hologram data component (CGHb') are compared to the original hologram data signal (CGH) by Equation 6 below and can move together.

In Equation 6 above, Λx and Λy are the periods of the diffraction pattern, and d is the depth of the holographic image, that is, the distance from the spatial light modulator 120 to the holographic image plane. In addition, Δλ represents a difference between a wavelength that is a reference for determining a period of a diffraction pattern and a wavelength of a color of a holographic image whose position is to be corrected. For example, assuming that the period of the diffraction pattern is determined based on the green wavelength, Δλ becomes the difference between the red wavelength and the green wavelength when the position of the red hologram image is to be corrected. Also, in Equation 6, a negative (-) sign means that the image is moved in a direction opposite to the chromatic dispersion.

Finally, the controller 140 combines the corrected red hologram data component CGHr' and the blue hologram data component CGHb' with the green hologram data component CGHg again to generate a new hologram data signal CGH'. . In addition, the controller 140 generates a diffraction pattern data signal Pg based on the green wavelength, and provides the corrected hologram data signal CGH′ and the diffraction pattern data signal Pg together to the spatial light modulator 120 . do. For example, the final signal provided by the control unit 140 to the spatial light modulator 120 may be expressed as a product (CGH′×Pg) of the corrected hologram data signal CGH′ and the diffraction pattern data signal Pg. can

Then, the spatial light modulator 120 may form and display a hologram pattern and a diffraction pattern from the corrected hologram data signal CGH' and the diffraction pattern data signal Pg. In this case, the holographic pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator 120 may offset the chromatic dispersion of the red holographic image by moving the red holographic image in the opposite direction to the chromatic dispersion of the red holographic image at the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced. In addition, the holographic pattern may offset the chromatic dispersion of the blue holographic image by moving the blue holographic image in a direction opposite to the chromatic dispersion of the blue holographic image at the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced. Accordingly, even if the holographic image is moved using a diffraction pattern having only one period, chromatic dispersion may not occur.

When the chromatic dispersion is prevented in the above manner, the chromatic dispersion is not accurately offset only at the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced, and chromatic dispersion may occur in other regions. Further, the chromatic dispersion increases as the distance from the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced increases. Accordingly, when the focus of the observer's lens is set to the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced, the observer does not see chromatic dispersion, and when the focus of the lens is changed back and forth at the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced, the chromatic dispersion is visible. In addition, as the focus of the lens moves away from the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced, the chromatic dispersion becomes more visible. This is a phenomenon similar to out-focusing of a camera, and according to the above-described method, an accommodation effect may be additionally provided to an observer.

Meanwhile, mathematically calculated hologram data may be typically expressed as a complex function as in Equation 7 below.

In Equation 7 above, Re(x,y) is a real part and Im(x,y) is an imaginary part. When hologram data is represented on a complex plane in which the horizontal axis is defined as a real part and the vertical axis is defined as an imaginary part, the hologram data may have an amplitude component that is a distance from the origin and a phase component that is an angle from the horizontal axis. Accordingly, when the spatial light modulator 120 is a complex modulator capable of performing both amplitude modulation and phase modulation, all components of the mathematically calculated hologram data can be represented as a hologram pattern without loss.

On the other hand, in the case where the spatial light modulator 120 is an amplitude modulator capable of only performing amplitude modulation, a hologram pattern may be represented by inevitably using only a real part among mathematically calculated hologram data. In addition, in the encoding process for generating the hologram data signal and the diffraction pattern data signal, a negative (-) value is generated in the real part. Since the amplitude modulator cannot express the negative amplitude, the spatial light modulator 120 is In the case of an amplitude modulator that can only perform modulation, the amplitude of the real part is increased as a whole so that a negative value does not occur. Due to this, an image area that should be dark in the reproduced holographic image may be partially brightened. As a result, the contrast ratio (CR) of the reproduced holographic image may decrease.

10 exemplarily illustrates a holographic display method according to an embodiment of adjusting the amplitude modulation value of the spatial light modulator 120 so that the contrast ratio is not reduced even when the spatial light modulator 120 is an amplitude modulator. have. The graph indicated by (a) in FIG. 10 exemplarily shows the value of the real part of the hologram data including the diffraction pattern data, and the vertical axis is the grayscale value of the hologram pattern to be displayed in the spatial light modulator 120 (ie, amplitude modulation). value), and the horizontal axis indicates the position of the hologram pattern to be displayed in the spatial light modulator 120 . The hologram data mathematically calculated as shown in (a) of FIG. 10 has a negative amplitude, which cannot be expressed by a general amplitude modulator. Conventionally, as shown in the graph shown in FIG. 10(b), since the amplitude of the real part is increased as a whole so that the negative amplitude does not occur, the region where the grayscale value should be 0 can be brightened.

According to the present embodiment, as in the graphs indicated by (c) and (d) of FIG. 10 , in the real part of the hologram data expressed as a complex number, only one part can be selected from a part having a positive amplitude and a part having a negative amplitude. . For example, when the control unit 140 extracts the amplitude modulation value from the hologram data of the holographic image to be reproduced and provides it to the spatial light modulator 120, as shown in FIG. Only a part having a positive amplitude may be selected and the real part of the unselected hologram data may be treated as 0. In addition, the controller 140 may generate a hologram data signal using the hologram data processed in this way and provide it to the spatial light modulator 120 . Also, as shown in FIG. 10(d) , the controller 120 may select only a part having a negative amplitude from the real part of the hologram data and process the unselected real part of the hologram data as 0. In addition, the controller 140 may provide the absolute value of the real part of the selected hologram data to the spatial light modulator 120 as an amplitude modulation value.

Also, the controller 140 may use both the negative amplitude and the positive amplitude of the real part of the hologram data in a time division manner. For example, while the hologram image of the first frame is reproduced, the controller 140 may select a portion having a positive amplitude and process a portion having a negative amplitude as 0 as shown in FIG. 10C . Then, while the hologram image of the second frame following the first frame is reproduced, the controller 140 selects a portion having a negative amplitude and 0 as shown in FIG. can also be treated as In this way, the controller 140 may generate a hologram data signal by alternately selecting a portion having a positive amplitude and a portion having a negative amplitude as time passes.

According to the above-described method, the contrast ratio may be increased because the region having a grayscale value close to 0 is not forcibly raised to a high grayscale value. In addition, if a portion having a positive amplitude and a portion having a negative amplitude are used alternately, the effect of preventing the black line of the diffraction pattern from being exposed to the naked eye of an observer may be further obtained. Furthermore, according to the above-described method, it is possible to alleviate the sticky phenomenon of the panel of the spatial light modulator 120 . The sticking phenomenon is a phenomenon in which the same signal is continuously input to the same area of the panel, so that the liquid crystal is fixed and noise is generated during operation of the next frame.

On the other hand, referring to the graphs of FIGS. 10 (c) and 10 (d), there is a discontinuity between the non-zero amplitude region and the zero-amplitude region, which may cause noise in the reproduced holographic image. Accordingly, in order to smooth the connection between the non-zero amplitude region and the zero amplitude region, a high-order spatial frequency component may be removed by using a low-pass filter. For example, FIG. 11 is a graph exemplarily showing a result of removing a high-order spatial frequency component by a low-pass filter in the graph shown in FIG. 10(c). To this end, the controller 140 may remove the high-order spatial frequency component of the extracted amplitude modulation value using a low-pass filter before providing the amplitude modulation value extracted from the hologram data to the spatial light modulator 120 . . That is, the control unit 140 generates a hologram data signal by alternately selecting a part having a positive amplitude and a part having a negative amplitude as time passes, and then processing the hologram data signal with a low-pass filter, followed by the spatial light modulator 120 ) can be provided. Here, the low-pass filter may be a logical filter implemented by software or an electronic circuit rather than a physical filter.

The methods shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 still do not reflect the imaginary part of the mathematically calculated hologram data. Even when the spatial light modulator 120 is an amplitude modulator, the amplitude modulation value of the spatial light modulator 120 may be adjusted so that the contrast ratio is not reduced while reflecting the imaginary part of the hologram data.

12 shows another method for adjusting the amplitude modulation value of the spatial light modulator 120 so that the contrast ratio is not reduced while reflecting the imaginary part of the hologram data even when the spatial light modulator 120 is an amplitude modulator capable of only performing amplitude modulation. A holographic display method according to an embodiment is shown as an example. For example, the graph of FIG. 12 shows a result (ie, Re(CGH) + Abs(CGH)) of adding the value of the real part of the hologram data expressed as a complex number and the absolute value of the hologram data. Referring to the graph of FIG. 12 , since no negative amplitude modulation value is generated and the curves are smoothly connected near the portion where the grayscale value is 0, a separate post-processing as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is not required. In addition, the grayscale value may be maintained at 0 at a position where the grayscale value should be 0 on the spatial light modulator 120 . Accordingly, since erratic scattering due to the offset of the grayscale value does not occur at a position where the grayscale value should be 0, a decrease in the contrast ratio can be prevented.

12 exemplarily shows a graph in which the value of the real part of the hologram data expressed as a complex number and the absolute value of the hologram data are added, but the imaginary part of the hologram data may be reflected in another way. That is, various combinations of real parts, imaginary parts, and absolute values of hologram data are possible. For example, the amplitude modulation value calculated by the controller 140 may be the sum of the absolute value of the hologram data expressed as a complex number and the value of the imaginary part of the hologram data (ie, Im(CGH) + Abs(CGH)). That is, the controller 140 may generate a hologram data signal by adding the absolute value of the hologram data and the value of the imaginary part of the hologram data, and may provide the hologram data signal to the spatial light modulator 120 .

Also, the controller 140 may calculate the amplitude modulation value as shown in Equation 8 below.

That is, the amplitude modulation value is the product of the value of the real part of the hologram data expressed as a complex number and the first coefficient (α1), the product of the value of the imaginary part of the hologram data and the second coefficient (α2), and the absolute value of the hologram data and the second coefficient. It can be calculated by adding the product of 3 coefficients α3. Here, the third coefficient has a non-zero value, and the values of the first and second coefficients may be selected such that amplitude modulation values at all coordinates on the spatial light modulator 120 are equal to or greater than zero.

Up to now, exemplary embodiments of a holographic display device and a holographic display method providing improved picture quality have been described and shown in the accompanying drawings to help the understanding of the present invention. However, it should be understood that these examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and not limiting thereof. And it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the description shown and described. This is because various other modifications may occur to those skilled in the art.

100.....Holographic display device
110.....Light source 120.....Spatial light modulator
130 ..... Eye tracking unit 140 ..... Control unit

Claims (32)

a light source providing a reference light;
a spatial light modulator configured to form a hologram pattern for reproducing a holographic image by modulating a reference light, and configured to sequentially form a plurality of hologram patterns to sequentially reproduce holographic images of a plurality of frames; and
a control unit for providing a hologram data signal of a hologram pattern to be formed in the spatial light modulator;
The control unit is configured to provide the spatial light modulator with a diffraction pattern data signal for forming a periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting a position of a holographic image to be reproduced on a holographic image plane and the hologram data signal,
The holographic image includes a first color image, a second color image, and a third color image having different colors,
The diffraction pattern includes a first periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the first color image, a second periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the second color image, and a third periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the third color image. and the first to third period diffraction patterns have different periods,
The diffraction pattern includes a first frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the first frame and a second frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the second frame. wherein, so that the first frame diffraction pattern and the second frame diffraction pattern are horizontally moved relative to each other and displayed on the spatial light modulator, the control unit transmits a diffraction pattern data signal such that the periodic diffraction pattern is horizontally moved for each frame. A holographic display device provided to the spatial light modulator. delete The method of claim 1,
A period of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns is proportional to a wavelength of light of the first to third color, respectively. delete The method of claim 1,
The horizontal movement distance of the first frame diffraction pattern and the second frame diffraction pattern is smaller than a least common multiple of periods of the first to third period diffraction patterns. 6. The method of claim 5,
When the position of the diffraction pattern is changed with a period of N frames, the horizontal movement distance of the first frame diffraction pattern and the second frame diffraction pattern is obtained by dividing the minimum common multiple of the periods of the first to third period diffraction patterns into N equal parts. A holographic display device selected to be a multiple of a value. The method of claim 1,
A position at which the diffraction pattern is displayed in the spatial light modulator is determined according to a phase of a prism grating function for generating the diffraction pattern data signal. 8. The method of claim 7,
The diffraction pattern includes a first frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the first frame and a second frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the second frame. includes,
A holographic display apparatus in which a phase of a prism grating function of the first frame diffraction pattern is different from a phase of a prism grating function of the second frame diffraction pattern. 8. The method of claim 7,
The controller is configured to sequentially change the phase of the prism lattice function while sequentially reproducing the holographic images of a plurality of frames. 8. The method of claim 7,
The controller is configured to irregularly change the phase of the prism lattice function while sequentially reproducing the holographic images of a plurality of frames. In order to sequentially reproduce holographic images of a plurality of frames, the spatial light modulator sequentially displays a plurality of holographic patterns,
In each frame, the spatial light modulator displays a periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the reproduced holographic image in the holographic image plane simultaneously with the holographic pattern,
The holographic image includes a first color image, a second color image, and a third color image having different colors,
The diffraction pattern includes a first periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the first color image, a second periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the second color image, and a third periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting the position of the third color image. and the first to third period diffraction patterns have different periods,
The diffraction pattern includes a first frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the first frame and a second frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the second frame. wherein the periodic diffraction pattern is horizontally moved on the spatial light modulator for each frame such that the first frame diffraction pattern and the second frame diffraction pattern are horizontally shifted relative to each other and displayed on the spatial light modulator. display method. delete 12. The method of claim 11,
A period of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns is proportional to a wavelength of light of the first to third color, respectively. delete 12. The method of claim 11,
A distance by which the first frame diffraction pattern and the second frame diffraction pattern are horizontally moved is smaller than a least common multiple of periods of the first to third periodic diffraction patterns. 12. The method of claim 11,
A position at which the diffraction pattern is displayed in the spatial light modulator is determined according to a phase of a prism grating function for generating a diffraction pattern data signal provided to the spatial light modulator, and the diffraction pattern data signal is displayed in the spatial light modulator A control unit that provides hologram data signals of the plurality of hologram patterns to be to be generated using the prism grating function, the control unit provides the diffraction pattern data signal and the hologram data signal together to the spatial light modulator, holographic display method. 17. The method of claim 16,
The diffraction pattern includes a first frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the first frame and a second frame diffraction pattern displayed on the spatial light modulator while reproducing the holographic image of the second frame. includes,
A holographic display method in which a phase of a prism grating function of the first frame diffraction pattern is different from a phase of a prism grating function of the second frame diffraction pattern. 17. The method of claim 16,
A holographic display method in which phases of a phase of the prism grating function are sequentially changed while sequentially reproducing holographic images of a plurality of frames. 17. The method of claim 16,
A holographic display method in which phases of the prism grating function are irregularly changed while sequentially reproducing holographic images of a plurality of frames. a light source providing a reference light;
a spatial light modulator displaying a hologram pattern for reproducing a holographic image including a first color image, a second color image, and a third color image having different colors by modulating a reference light; and
a control unit for providing a hologram data signal of a hologram pattern to be displayed on the spatial light modulator;
The control unit is configured to provide a diffraction pattern data signal for displaying a periodic diffraction pattern for adjusting a position of a holographic image to be reproduced and the hologram data signal together to the spatial light modulator,
The control unit is configured to determine the period of the diffraction pattern based on only the wavelength of light of the first color image among the first color image, the second color image, and the third color image,
The hologram data signal includes a first hologram data component for a first color image, a second hologram data component for a second color image, and a third hologram data component for a third color image,
The control unit is:
generating a second hologram data component in which the position of the second color image is corrected so that the position of the second color image coincides with the position of the first color image at the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced;
generating a third hologram data component in which the position of the third color image is corrected so that the position of the third color image coincides with the position of the first color image at the depth at which the holographic image is reproduced;
and combine the corrected second holographic data component, the corrected third holographic data component, and the first holographic data component to generate the holographic data signal. 21. The method of claim 20,
Further comprising a distance measuring unit for measuring the distance between the observer and the spatial light modulator,
The controller adjusts the depth of the reproduced holographic image based on the distance between the observer and the spatial light modulator so that color dispersion of the second color image and the third color image by the diffraction pattern is smaller than the allowable source of confusion. A holographic display device configured to do so. delete 21. The method of claim 20,
The hologram pattern is a hole configured to move the second color image in a direction opposite to the chromatic dispersion of the second color image in order to offset the chromatic dispersion of the second color image by the diffraction pattern at a depth at which the holographic image is reproduced. graphic display device. 21. The method of claim 20,
The hologram pattern is a hologram configured to move the third color image in a direction opposite to the chromatic dispersion of the third color image in order to offset the chromatic dispersion of the third color image by the diffraction pattern at a depth at which the holographic image is reproduced. graphic display device. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete

Images