CN112925184B - Holographic image reconstruction method and reconstruction system based on double acousto-optic modulators - Google Patents
Holographic image reconstruction method and reconstruction system based on double acousto-optic modulators Download PDFInfo
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- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
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- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
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Abstract
The invention discloses a holographic image reconstruction method and a holographic image reconstruction system based on a double-acousto-optic modulator. Wherein the reconstruction method comprises: the method comprises the steps of splitting a point source pulse signal obtained through Fourier modulation, filtering and modulating the split light through two acousto-optic modulators which are orthogonal to each other, coupling the split light after filtering and modulating, obtaining a reconstructed light field through diffraction and Fourier modulation of a holographic diffraction optical element, and finally receiving the reconstructed light field through an image sensor and reconstructing a holographic image. The reconstruction method and the reconstruction system can effectively extract the edge information of the object and generate the enhancement effect on the edge information, and have better signal-to-noise ratio and real-time property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of digital holography.
Background
The method of signal processing by acousto-optic interactions (acousto-optical interactions) has been widely used, where the acousto-optic modulator used is a one-dimensional device that limits the interaction between acousto-optic to a plane defined by the wave vectors of acoustic and light waves. Some specific applications are as follows: in 1984, the possibility of using acousto-optic interaction to control the structure of an optical image was proposed by Balakshy, and in 1996 Xia et al experimentally performed two-dimensional image processing on an acousto-optic modulator operating in Bragg mode, which acted the acousto-optic modulator on a two-dimensional optical image, and then the scattering or diffraction of the image would carry the processed version of the original optical image.
However, in the prior art, the image processing performed by the acousto-optic modulator is single-optical path processing, and only one-dimensional extraction can be performed on the edge information of the image.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for reconstructing a holographic image through acousto-optic interaction.
The invention firstly provides the following technical scheme:
the holographic image reconstruction method based on the double acoustic-optical modulator comprises the following steps:
converting laser emitted by a laser into a point source pulse;
fourier modulation is carried out on the point source pulse to obtain an initial light field;
splitting the initial light field to obtain mutually vertical split light beams;
performing acousto-optic modulation on the two split light beams respectively through two acousto-optic modulators which are orthogonal to each other;
coupling the two emergent light fields subjected to acousto-optic modulation to obtain emergent light fields;
diffracting the emergent light field by a holographic diffraction optical element to obtain a diffracted light field;
fourier modulation is carried out on the diffraction light field to obtain a reconstructed light field;
the reconstructed light field is received by an image sensor and converted into a holographic image.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the initial light field is modulated by an object screen before being split.
In some more specific embodiments, the processing comprises:
modulating a beam of light emitted by a laser into a point source pulse through a pupil, converting the modulated spherical wave into a plane wave through a Fourier transform lens, and then obtaining the initial light field A through parallel light passing through an object screen0(x, y) and dividing the shaped light beam into two beams by a beam splitter, wherein one beam passes through a vertically arranged acousto-optic modulator, the other beam passes through a horizontally arranged acousto-optic modulator, and two emergent light fields modulated by the acousto-optic modulator are coupled by a beam combiner to obtain an emergent light field A1(x,y)，And the holographic diffraction optical element is obtained by designing the holographic diffraction optical element by a holographic algorithm in advance
And (3) diffracting, converging a reconstructed image obtained by diffraction on a reconstruction plane through a Fourier transform lens to obtain a reconstructed light field U (x, y), and finally receiving a light signal by using a CCD (charge coupled device) and completing reconstruction of the hologram.
During the above process, the initial light field A0After the two beams of light split out by (x, y) pass through the acousto-optic modulator, the modulated scattered light in the same direction as the incident light carries more useful information, and the scattered light in the other direction form an emergent light field A1(x, y) and the holographic reconstruction system consisting of the diffractive optical element and the lens realizes holographic reconstruction.
The process of holographic reconstruction is more specifically as follows: for the light modulated by acousto-optic filtering, i.e. the emergent light field A1(x, y) perpendicularly irradiating the same to a specific phase distribution obtained by a holographic algorithm in advance
After diffraction occurs on the diffractive optical element, the diffraction passes through a pre-arranged Fourier transform lens, and finally a reconstructed image is obtained on an imaging plane.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the acousto-optic modulator operates in a Bragg mode with an optical transfer function H0The method comprises the following steps:
wherein kx represents frequency domain coordinates; j represents an imaginary unit; q represents an intrinsic parameter of the acousto-optic modulator, and Q2 π L λ0V Λ, where Λ represents the wavelength of the acoustic wave generated in the acousto-optic modulator, λ0Denotes the incident light wavelength, A, B denotes the calculation parameters, and a ═ cos (α/2), B ═ Q ^/4 pi) [ sin (α/2)/(α/2)]Where α denotes that the optical field in the acousto-optic modulator is acoustically modulatedThe latter phase is delayed.
The optical modulator works in a bragg mode, that is, after the acousto-optic modulator acts on incident light, only two-stage diffraction light consisting of zero-order straight transmission light and first-order diffraction light is generated, at the moment, an angle formed by the incident light and a horizontal plane is a bragg angle, wherein the bragg angle is as follows: in a plane formed by a sound wave emitted by the acousto-optic modulator and vertically upward relative to the acousto-optic modulator and an incident light wave incident into the acousto-optic modulator, the angle between the sound wave and the horizontal plane of the plane is called a Bragg angle.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the acousto-optic modulator is configured with a piezoelectric transducer having a length L > Λ2/λ0。
Wherein ^ represents the wavelength of sound wave generated in the acousto-optic modulator vertically upward relative to the acousto-optic modulator, and λ0Representing the wavelength of the incident light.
The specific degree of the > can be obtained as is generally understood by those skilled in the art, e.g., more than 10 times.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the emergent light field A obtained after the acousto-optic modulation1(x, y) satisfies:
A1(x，y)＝F-1{F{A0(x，y)}*H0}
wherein F { } represents a Fourier transform, F-1{ } denotes the inverse Fourier transform, H0Representing said optical transfer function, a represents a convolution0(x, y) represents the initial light field.
Further, said A1(x, y) satisfies:
A1(x，y)＝F-1{F{A01(x，y)+A02(x，y)}*H0}
wherein A is01(x, y) and A02(x, y) each represents A0(x, y) two split optical fields are obtained after beam splitting.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the reconstructed light field U (x, y) obtained by fourier modulation satisfies:
U(x，y)＝A1(x，y)exp[jφ(x，y)]，
wherein A is1(x, y) represents the total outgoing light field,
represents an optical phase distribution of the holographic diffractive optical element.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the structure of the holographic diffraction unit is calculated by a holographic algorithm, and the holographic algorithm is a fourier iterative algorithm.
More specifically, the iterative fourier algorithm may include: and repeatedly iterating by utilizing positive and negative Fourier transformation between the airspace and the frequency domain and respective constraint conditions of the airspace and the frequency domain until the pre-designed convergence condition of the loaded initial field is met.
The loaded initial field is a total emergent light field modulated and combined by the two acousto-optic modulators, and the hologram finally output by the iterative algorithm is the modulation phase distribution of the holographic diffraction optical element used in the holographic reconstruction process of the invention
The invention further provides some reconstruction systems for processing holographic images by the above reconstruction methods.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the reconstruction system comprises: a laser (1), a first lens (3) positioned on the optical path of the laser, a small hole (2) positioned between the laser (1) and the first lens (3), a beam splitter (5) for splitting the laser adjusted by the first lens (3) into two mutually perpendicular sub-beams, an object screen (4) positioned between the first lens (3) and the beam splitter (5), a first acousto-optic modulator (6) and a second acousto-optic modulator (8) respectively positioned on the two sub-beams, a first reflector (7) for reflecting the scattered light processed by the first acousto-optic modulator (6), a second reflector (9) for reflecting the scattered light processed by the second acousto-optic modulator (8), and a beam combiner (10) for combining and coupling the scattered light reflected by the first reflector (7) and the scattered light reflected by the second reflector (9), a diffractive optical element (11) for diffracting the laser light processed by the beam combiner, and a second lens (12) and an image sensor (13) arranged behind the diffractive optical element, wherein the first lens (3) and the second lens (12) are both Fourier transform lenses
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention is provided with the filtering of the double acousto-optic modulators, can obtain holographic patterns with different edge enhancement degrees by adjusting the parameters of the acousto-optic modulators, can effectively extract the edge information of an object, generates enhancement effect on the edge information, can well improve the signal-to-noise ratio of a system, and has instantaneity different from the traditional image processing means.
(2) In some specific embodiments, based on the regulation of the acousto-optic modulator on the light field, the invention achieves significant edge enhancement on the image through the acousto-optic filtering transfer function which plays a significant high-pass filtering role on the incident light.
(3) In some specific embodiments, an object light screen of any design is inserted into parallel light to obtain a beam of modulated light, so as to realize modulation of any incident two-dimensional optical image.
(4) In some specific embodiments, the modulated light wave in the present invention is irradiated onto a diffractive optical element designed in advance through a holographic algorithm, and the object screen is changed to change the scattered light wave modulated by the acousto-optic modulator, and the diffractive optical element is changed accordingly, so that edge extraction and holographic reconstruction of any incident light wave can be achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a holographic image reconstruction system according to an embodiment, in which: 1. the laser device comprises a laser device, 2, a small hole, 3, a first lens, 4, an object light screen, 5, a beam splitter, 6, a first acousto-optic modulator, 7, a first reflector, 8, a second acousto-optic modulator, 9, a second reflector, 10, a beam combiner, 11, a diffractive optical element, 12, a second lens, 13 and an image sensor.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the original image and the processed image of example 1.
Fig. 3 is a phase distribution diagram of the diffractive optical element of example 1.
Fig. 4 is a reconstructed image after holographic reconstruction in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments and the attached drawings, but it should be understood that the embodiments and the attached drawings are only used for the illustrative description of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention in any way. All reasonable variations and combinations that fall within the spirit of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, a specific implementation mode is realized by a holographic image reconstruction system as shown in the attached figure 1, which comprises the following steps: a laser 1, a first lens 3 positioned on the optical path of the laser, a pinhole 2 positioned between the laser 1 and the first lens 3, a beam splitter 5 for splitting the laser light adjusted by the first lens 3 into two sub-beams perpendicular to each other, an object screen 4 positioned between the first lens 3 and the beam splitter 5, a first acousto-optic modulator 6 and a second acousto-optic modulator 8 positioned on the two sub-beams optical paths, respectively, a first reflecting mirror 7 for reflecting the scattered light processed by the first acousto-optic modulator 6, a second reflecting mirror 9 for reflecting the scattered light processed by the second acousto-optic modulator 8, a beam combining mirror 10 for coupling the scattered light reflected by the first reflecting mirror 7 and the scattered light reflected by the second reflecting mirror 9 with a combined beam, a diffractive optical element 11 for diffracting the laser light processed by the beam combining mirror, and a second lens 12 and an image sensor 13 therebehind, wherein the first lens 3 and the second lens 12 are both fourier transform lenses.
The process of image processing according to the system comprises: a beam of light emitted by a laser 1 is modulated into a point source pulse through a pupil (a small hole 2), the modulated spherical wave is converted into a plane wave through a Fourier transform lens 3, and the obtained parallel light passes through an object screen 4 to obtain an initial light field A0(x, y) the shaped beam is split into two beams by a beam splitter 5, one beam passes through a vertically disposed acousto-optic modulator 8, the other beam passes through a horizontally disposed acousto-optic modulator 6, and thereafterTwo beams of scattered light modulated by the acousto-optic modulator are coupled by a beam combiner 10 to obtain a total modulated light field A1(x, y), Total light field A1(x, y) is diffracted by a diffractive optical element (phi (x, y))11 designed in advance by a computer generated hologram method, then a reconstructed image is converged on a reconstruction plane by a Fourier transform lens 12 to obtain a reconstructed light field U (x, y), and finally a light signal is received by an image sensor 13 such as a CCD to complete reconstruction of the hologram.
Wherein:
the two acousto-optic modulators used both operate in Bragg mode with optical transfer function H0Are all set as follows:
wherein k isxDenotes the frequency domain coordinates, j denotes the imaginary unit, Q denotes the intrinsic parameter of the acousto-optic modulator, and Q2 pi L λ0The values of/Λ, A, B are calculated parameters, and a ═ cos (α/2), B ═ Q Λ/4 pi) [ sin (α/2)/(α/2)]Where α represents the phase delay of the optical field in the acousto-optic modulator after being acoustically modulated, which is proportional to the sound pressure.
The piezoelectric transducers of the two acousto-optic modulators used have a length L > Lambda2/λ0Wherein ^ represents the wavelength of sound wave generated in the acousto-optic modulator vertically upward relative to the acousto-optic modulator, λ0Representing the wavelength of the incident light.
Among them, in a commonly used acousto-optic modulator, the piezoelectric ring transducer L is usually 0.06-0.1 m.
Initial light field A0(x, y) is H by a transfer function0After the acousto-optic modulator, the following emergent light field A is obtained1(x，y)：
A1(x，y)＝F-1{F{A0(x，y)}*H0}
Wherein F { } denotes a Fourier transform, F-1{ } denotes an inverse fourier transform.
The reconstructed light field U (x, y) is:
U(x，y)＝A1(x，y)exp[jφ(x，y)]
wherein A is1(x, y) is the total light field after the acousto-optic filtering and combination are carried out by the acousto-optic modulator,
representing the hologram phase distribution obtained by the diffractive optical element.
Example 1
The holographic image reconstruction process according to the embodiment is simulated, wherein the acoustic optical modulator is a general acoustic optical modulator, and the parameters thereof are set to Q-14, α -pi, and a-7 × 10-5m，λ0＝6.32×10-7The parameters used by the m two acousto-optic modulators are identical.
In the simulation experiment, the convergence threshold of the used fourier iterative algorithm is set to 0.95, and the size of the diffractive optical element calculated by the fourier iterative algorithm is the same as that of the input two-dimensional image, and is 1024 × 1024.
Fig. 2-4 show the effect diagrams, where fig. 2 (a) is the original image, (b) is the image obtained by performing acousto-optic filtering by the reconstruction method of the present invention, fig. 3 is the phase distribution diagram of the diffractive optical element corresponding to the edge-enhanced image, and fig. 4 is the reconstructed image after holographic reconstruction, and it can be seen that the modulated image realizes the edge feature extraction of the original image and reconstructs the effect except the edge feature extraction by the holographic method.
The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. All technical schemes belonging to the idea of the invention belong to the protection scope of the invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The holographic image reconstruction method based on the double acoustic-optical modulator is characterized by comprising the following steps: it includes:
converting laser emitted by a laser into a point source pulse;
fourier modulation is carried out on the point source pulse to obtain an initial light field;
splitting the initial light field to obtain mutually vertical split light beams;
performing acousto-optic modulation on the two split light beams respectively through two mutually orthogonal acousto-optic modulators;
coupling the two emergent light fields subjected to acousto-optic modulation to obtain emergent light fields;
diffracting the emergent light field by a holographic diffraction optical element to obtain a diffracted light field;
fourier modulation is carried out on the diffraction light field to obtain a reconstructed light field;
receiving the reconstructed light field by an image sensor and converting it into a holographic image;
wherein the acousto-optic modulator operates in Bragg mode with optical transfer function H0The method comprises the following steps:
wherein k isxRepresenting frequency domain coordinates; j represents an imaginary unit; q represents an intrinsic parameter of the acousto-optic modulator, and Q2 π L λ0V Λ, wherein ^ denotes the wavelength of acoustic wave generated in the acousto-optic modulator, λ0Denotes the incident light wavelength, A, B denotes the calculation parameters, and a ═ cos (α/2), B ═ Q ^/4 pi) [ sin (α/2)/(α/2)]Where α represents the phase delay of the optical field in the acousto-optic modulator after it has been acoustically modulated.
2. The reconstruction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acousto-optic modulator is provided with a piezoelectric transducer with a length L>>Λ2/λ0。
3. The reconstruction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: is subjected to acousto-optic modulation to obtainThe emergent light field A is obtained1(x, y) satisfies:
A1(x，y)＝F-1{F{A01(x，y)+A02(x，y)}*H0}
wherein F { } represents a Fourier transform, F-1Denotes the inverse Fourier transform, H0Representing said optical transfer function, a represents a convolution01(x, y) and A02(x, y) respectively represent the initial light field A0(x, y) two split optical fields are obtained after beam splitting.
4. The reconstruction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the reconstructed light field U (x, y) obtained by fourier modulation satisfies:
U(x,y)＝A1(x,y)exp[jφ(x,y)]，
wherein A is1(x, y) represents the total emergent light field,
represents an optical phase distribution of the holographic diffractive optical element.
5. The reconstruction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the holographic diffraction optical element is obtained through calculation of a holographic algorithm, and the holographic algorithm is a Fourier iterative algorithm.
6. System for holographic image reconstruction by the reconstruction method of claims 1-5.
7. The reconstruction system of claim 6, wherein: it includes: a laser (1), a first lens (3) positioned on the optical path of the laser, a small hole (2) positioned between the laser (1) and the first lens (3), a beam splitter (5) for splitting the laser adjusted by the first lens (3) into two beams which are perpendicular to each other, an object screen (4) positioned between the first lens (3) and the beam splitter (5), a first acousto-optic modulator (6) and a second acousto-optic modulator (8) respectively positioned on the two beam splitting optical paths, a first reflector (7) for reflecting the scattered light processed by the first acousto-optic modulator (6), a second reflector (9) for reflecting the scattered light processed by the second acousto-optic modulator (8), and a beam combiner (10) for coupling the scattered light reflected by the first reflector (7) and the scattered light reflected by the second reflector (9) and combining beams, a diffraction optical element (11) for diffracting the laser light processed by the beam combiner, and a second lens (12) and an image sensor (13) arranged behind the diffraction optical element, wherein the first lens (3) and the second lens (12) are both Fourier transform lenses.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0152186A2 (en) * | 1984-02-07 | 1985-08-21 | Stc Plc | Optical correlator |
| CN106094488A (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2016-11-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | For providing the holographic display strengthening picture quality and holographic display packing |
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| US5132811A (en) * | 1989-08-10 | 1992-07-21 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Holographic operating optical apparatus |
| JP4232253B2 (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2009-03-04 | パナソニック株式会社 | Fine pattern manufacturing apparatus and holographic memory recording / reproducing apparatus |
| JP4749996B2 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2011-08-17 | 日本放送協会 | Hologram recording / reproducing device |
| WO2010148280A2 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2010-12-23 | Cadet, Gardy | Method and system for re-writing with a holographic storage medium |
| FR2998064B1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2016-11-25 | Centre Nat De La Rech Scient - Cnrs | OFF-AXIS DIGITAL HETERODYNE HOLOGRAPHY |
| CN105204310B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-09-12 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Complex amplitude object reconstruction device based on optical scanner holographic technique |
| CN105404128B (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Multiframe phase-shifted digital holographic method and device |
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| EP0152186A2 (en) * | 1984-02-07 | 1985-08-21 | Stc Plc | Optical correlator |
| CN106094488A (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2016-11-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | For providing the holographic display strengthening picture quality and holographic display packing |
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