KR102393660B1 - Gas interrupter with multiple compression chamber - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gas circuit breaker having a plurality of compression chambers that use gas to cut off an electric current when a fault current occurs. A gas circuit breaker having a plurality of compression chambers is provided with a thermal expansion chamber and a first compression chamber partitioned by a dividing wall between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the first compression chamber is closed and sealed by a piston, and the thermal expansion chamber In the gas circuit breaker provided with a first nozzle through which gas enters and exits for arc extinguishing between the fixed arc contact and the movable arc contact on one side of the, when the movable arc contact approaches the fixed arc contact, the gas inside is compressed, a second compression chamber providing compressed gas to the thermal expansion chamber; includes Thereby, it is possible to extinguish both arcs generated during the separation and approach of the two arc contacts. In addition, by reducing damage to insulating materials such as arc contacts and nozzles, the lifespan of the circuit breaker is increased, and heat gas and polluted gas due to the preceding arc are rapidly discharged, so that the interruption operation can be performed successfully when a fault current occurs later. .

Description

Gas breaker with multiple compression chambers

The present invention relates to a gas circuit breaker that uses gas to cut off current when a fault current occurs.

When a fault occurs in the power system, a circuit breaker is used to block the fault current and protect the power equipment. There are several types of such circuit breakers, and they usually include a compression chamber and a thermal chamber.

In the normal state, the circuit breaker transmits electricity while passing the rated current, and when a fault or accident occurs in the power system and a fault current of about 10 times or more of the normal current flows, the fault current is cut off using the compression chamber and thermal expansion room. will do

Typically, the compression chamber of the circuit breaker is used to cut off a small current, and the thermal expansion chamber is used to cut off a large current.

As shown in FIG. 1, the conventional circuit breaker includes an external cylinder 11, an internal cylinder 12, a fixed arc contact 21, a movable arc contact 22, a compression chamber 31, a thermal expansion chamber 32, It includes a piston 40 , a first nozzle 51 , a second nozzle 52 , and a manipulator.

In the conventional circuit breaker, when a failure occurs in the power system, the fixed arc contact 21 and the piston 40 are fixed, and the dividing wall between the inner and outer cylinders 12 and 11 and the inner and outer cylinders 12 and 11 is shown in the drawing Moving to the upper left, the fixed component is called a fixed part, and the moving component is called a movable part.

When the movable part moves, the compression chamber 31 is compressed by the piston 40 to increase the pressure, the pressure reducing valve 41 is closed, and the check valve 71 is opened and the gas compressed in the first compression chamber 31 is opened. moves to the thermal expansion chamber 32 .

When the movable part moves further and the movable arc contact 22 is separated from the fixed arc contact 21, an arc is generated between the two arc contacts 21 and 22, and the surrounding gas expands, and the expanded gas is in the thermal expansion chamber 32 ) to reverse flow. Therefore, the pressure of the thermal expansion chamber 32 rises, and when it becomes higher than the pressure of the 1st compression chamber 31, the check valve 71 is closed.

When the first nozzle 51 is spaced apart from the fixed arc contact 21 and opened, the gas flowing back into the thermal expansion chamber 32 is cooled and discharged through the first and second nozzles 51 and 52, and the thermal expansion chamber ( 32) is lowered. Accordingly, the check valve 71 is opened, and the gas compressed in the compression chamber 31 is injected between the fixed arc contact 21 and the movable arc contact 22 . The arc is extinguished by the injected gas and the fault current can be cut off.

When the movable part approaches the fixed arc contact 21 again after the arc contact is separated during the interruption process of the fault current, the pressure reducing valve 41 is opened by the suction action of the first compression chamber 31 and the gas from the outside of the circuit breaker flows in and the check valve 71 is also opened.

When the fixed arc contact 21 and the movable arc contact 22 approach within a certain distance, a preceding arc is generated between the two arc contacts 21 and 22, and the surrounding gas expands, and the expanded gas It flows back into the thermal expansion chamber (32). At this time, since the cold gas to extinguish the preceding arc is insufficient, the fixed arc contact 21, the movable arc contact 22, and the first and second nozzles 51 and 52 are damaged.

When the movable part is in contact with the fixed arc contact 21, the heat gas and the contaminated gas flowing back into the thermal expansion chamber 32 are not discharged and remain inside the thermal expansion chamber 32, which is a failure when the fault current occurs again. Blocking of the current may act as a factor in failure.

In fact, when a failure occurs in the power system, the circuit breaker repeats the separation operation and approach operation of the two arc contacts in order to check whether it is a continuous failure. However, if the circuit breaker component is damaged by the preceding arc generated from the approach operation, and the heat gas and polluted gas are not properly discharged, the subsequent fault current interruption may fail and cause a major accident, such as a power failure. there was

In order to prevent such a case, when developing a circuit breaker, based on the size of the fault current specified in the international standard, a small current of 100A, T10, which is 10% of the rated breaking current, T30, which is 30%, T60, which is 60%, SLF90, which is 90%, You must pass tests such as 100% T100s and 100% T100a with DC powder. If even one of these tests fails, the function as a circuit breaker cannot be recognized. Among these tests, all tests except the small current test and T100a are tests that cut off the fault current by performing a 0-0.3 sec-CO (C: close, O: open) breaking operation sequence. It is a test in which it is opened), put in in 0.3 seconds, and reopened as soon as input is completed.

In this process, the development of the circuit breaker fails because the preceding arc and polluted gas generated as the two arc contacts 21 and 22 approach are not properly treated, so the development of the circuit breaker is mostly unsuccessful. There is a need to develop a circuit breaker that quickly discharges the exhausted gas to the outside of the circuit breaker.

In order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned background art, the present invention extinguishes a preceding arc generated while two arc contacts approach, and a plurality of compression chambers for rapidly discharging hot gas and polluted gas by the preceding arc to the outside of the circuit breaker An object of the present invention is to provide a gas circuit breaker having a

A gas circuit breaker having a plurality of compression chambers of the present invention for solving the above problems is provided with a thermal expansion chamber and a first compression chamber partitioned by a dividing wall between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and the first compression chamber is a piston In the gas circuit breaker provided with a first nozzle closed and sealed by and a first nozzle through which gas enters and exits for arc extinguishing between a fixed arc contact and a movable arc contact on one side of the thermal expansion chamber, the movable arc contact is the fixed arc contact a second compression chamber compressing the gas inside when approaching the and providing the compressed gas to the thermal expansion chamber; includes

Preferably, when the first compression chamber is compressed, the second compression chamber is expanded, and when the first compression chamber is expanded, the second compression chamber is compressed.

Preferably, the first compression chamber and the second compression chamber are respectively disposed on both sides of the thermal expansion chamber.

Preferably, the thermal expansion chamber and the second compression chamber are partitioned by a partition wall, and a manipulator that separates the movable arc contact from the fixed arc contact or approaches the fixed arc contact; It further includes, wherein the manipulator simultaneously moves the partition wall and the partition wall.

Preferably, a second valve for communicating the thermal expansion chamber and the second compression chamber; a third valve communicating the outside of the gas circuit breaker with the second compression chamber; further includes

Preferably, the second valve is configured as a check valve for flowing gas from the second compression chamber to the thermal expansion chamber.

Preferably, the third valve is configured as a check valve for flowing gas from the outside of the gas circuit breaker to the second compression chamber.

According to the gas circuit breaker having a plurality of compression chambers of the present invention, the gas compressed in the first compression chamber is sprayed when the two arc contacts are spaced apart, and the gas compressed in the second compression chamber is sprayed when the two arc contacts are spaced apart and approached. All arcs generated in the process can be extinguished.

In addition, the present invention can increase the life of the circuit breaker by extinguishing the preceding arc generated in the process of approaching the two arc contacts, thereby reducing damage to insulating materials such as arc contacts and nozzles.

In addition, the present invention can quickly discharge the hot gas and the polluted gas by the preceding arc to successfully perform a blocking operation when a fault current occurs thereafter.

In addition, the present invention can improve the blocking performance by providing a plurality of compression chambers to increase the amount of gas and the injection force injected into the arc.

In addition, the present invention can be applied to a conventional circuit breaker with low cost and simple structural change because it can be installed simply without a major structural change by adding the second compression chamber and the second and third valves to the conventional circuit breaker.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional gas circuit breaker.
2 is a cross-sectional view according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an arc is generated in the process of spacing two arc contacts constituting the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the first nozzle constituting the present invention is spaced apart from the fixed arc contact.
5 is a cross-sectional view showing a process in which the movable part constituting the present invention approaches toward the fixed arc contact.
6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a preceding arc is generated in the process of approaching two arc contacts constituting the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state immediately before the two arc contacts of the present invention come into contact.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The terminology used in the present invention is used to describe specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention, and the singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The gas circuit breaker having a plurality of compression chambers of the present invention prevents the arc generated in the process of separating the arc contacts in order to block the fault current when the fault current occurs and the preceding arc generated in the process of approaching it again. In order to extinguish the fire, and to rapidly discharge the hot gas and the polluted gas by the preceding arc, a compression chamber is additionally provided compared to the prior art. By providing a plurality of compression chambers, it is possible to increase the amount of gas and the injection force injected into the arc.

A gas circuit breaker having a plurality of compression chambers according to an embodiment of the present invention has an external cylinder 11, an internal cylinder 12, a fixed arc contact 21, and a movable arc contact 22 as shown in FIGS. ), a first compression chamber 31 , a thermal expansion chamber 32 , a second compression chamber 33 , a first nozzle 51 , a second nozzle 52 , and a manipulator. In addition, hatched portions shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 indicate an arc and a preceding arc, respectively.

The inner cylinder 12 is disposed inside the outer cylinder 11 . When a fault current occurs, the outer cylinder 11 is fixed, and the inner cylinder 12 moves in the axial direction.

The movable arc contact 22 is provided on one side of the inner cylinder 12 , and the fixed arc contact 21 is detachable from the movable arc contact 22 . When a fault current occurs, the fixed arc contact 21 is fixed, and the movable arc contact 22 moves together with the inner cylinder 12 . When the two arc contacts 21 and 22 are separated from each other in a contacted state, an arc is generated.

The first compression chamber 31 and the thermal expansion chamber 32 are partitioned by a partition wall 13 formed to divide the space between the inner and outer cylinders 12 and 11 in the longitudinal direction.

The first compression chamber 31 is closed with a partition wall 13 on one side and a piston 40 on the other side. In the first compression chamber 31, gas from the outside of the gas circuit breaker flows in through the pressure reducing valve 41 formed on the piston 40, and the gas is discharged into the thermal expansion chamber ( 32) can be passed.

When a fault current occurs, the partition wall 13 moves and the first compression chamber 31 is compressed as the partition wall 13 and the piston 40 become closer, and the pressure in the first compression chamber 31 increases. The pressure reducing valve 41 is closed.

The thermal expansion chamber 32 is closed with a partition wall 13 on one side and a partition wall 14 on the other side. In the thermal expansion chamber 32 , gas is introduced from the first compression chamber 31 through the first valve 71 formed on the partition wall 13 , and the second valve 72 is formed on the partition wall 14 . Gas flows in from the compression chamber 33 . In addition, the gas in the thermal expansion chamber 32 is injected between the fixed arc contact 21 and the movable arc contact 22 through the first nozzle 51 . On the other hand, when the amount of gas introduced into the thermal expansion chamber 32 increases and the pressure increases, the first and second valves 71 and 72 are closed.

The second compression chamber 33 is provided outside the partition wall 14 of the thermal expansion chamber 32 , and is partitioned by the external cylinder 11 , the partition wall 14 , and the input wall 15 , and the first compression chamber 31 . ) and the second compression chamber 33 are preferably disposed on both sides of the thermal expansion chamber 32, respectively. In the second compression chamber 33 , the gas from the outside of the gas circuit breaker flows in through the third valve 73 formed on the input wall 15 , and the thermal expansion chamber 32 through the second valve 72 formed on the partition wall 14 . ) to pass gas.

When a fault current occurs, the second compression chamber 22 expands by the relative motion of the partition wall 14 and the input wall 15 when the two arc contacts 21 and 22 are spaced apart, and the two arc contacts 21 and 22) is compressed when approached. Accordingly, when the first compression chamber 31 is compressed, the second compression chamber 33 is expanded, and when the first compression chamber 31 is expanded, the second compression chamber is compressed. On the other hand, when the pressure in the second compression chamber 33 increases, the third valve 73 is closed.

The above-described pressure reducing valve 41 and the first, second, and third valves 71, 72, and 73 may be configured as check valves for flowing gas in one direction.

The first nozzle 51 can extinguish the arc generated between the two arc contacts 21 and 22 by spraying the gas in the thermal expansion chamber 32 between the fixed arc contact 21 and the movable arc contact 22 . The gas injected into the first nozzle 51 may be discharged through the second nozzle 52 or the inside of the inner cylinder 12 .

The second nozzle 52 enters and exits the fixed arc contact 21 , and the gas injected through the first nozzle 51 from the thermal expansion chamber 32 is discharged.

The manipulator is coupled with the manipulator connecting rod 61 connected to the inner cylinder 12 to separate the movable arc contact 22 from the fixed arc contact 21 or approach the fixed arc contact 21 when a fault current occurs. The inner cylinder 12 , the partition wall 13 and the partition wall 14 are driven simultaneously.

If the gas circuit breaker is configured as described above, compared to the prior art, the compressed gas is additionally injected in the second compression chamber 33 to extinguish the arc, so the amount of gas and the injection force injected into the arc increases, thereby improving the blocking performance. can

Hereinafter, the operation process of the gas circuit breaker configured as described above when a fault current occurs is divided into a separation operation in which the movable arc contact is spaced apart from the fixed arc contact and an approach operation in which the movable arc contact approaches the fixed arc contact with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7 . do. In addition, during the operation of the gas circuit breaker, the outer cylinder 11, the input wall 15, the fixed arc contact 21 and the piston 40 are fixed, and the inner cylinder 12, the dividing wall 13, and the bulkhead 14 are fixed. , the movable arc contact 22 and the manipulator connecting rod 61 are moved. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, a fixed component is referred to as a 'fixed unit' and a moving component is referred to as a 'movable unit'.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, when a failure occurs in the power system, the movable arc contact 22 is separated from the fixed arc contact 21 in order to block the fault current. 21) in the opposite direction, that is, move it to the left in the drawing.

Accordingly, the first compression chamber 31 is compressed as the separation wall 13 and the piston 40 become closer, and the gas in the first compression chamber 31 is compressed to increase the pressure, and the first compression chamber 31 . The pressure of the pressure-reducing valve 41 is closed.

Since the pressure of the thermal expansion chamber 32 is lower than the pressure of the first compression chamber 31 , the first valve 71 is opened and the compressed gas of the first compression chamber 31 moves to the thermal expansion chamber 32 .

The second compression chamber 33 expands as the partition wall 14 and the input wall 15 move away from each other, and the third valve 73 is opened by a suction action to introduce gas, and the second valve 72 is also opened.

When the small current is cut off, since the gas introduced into the second compression chamber 33 is additionally injected compared to the prior art, the arc can be extinguished more effectively than in the prior art, and the current can be cut off.

If the movable part moves continuously and the movable arc contact 22 is spaced apart from the fixed arc contact 21, an arc is generated between the two arc contacts 21 and 22, as shown in FIG. 3, and the gas around the arc expands and flows back into the thermal expansion chamber (32). Accordingly, the pressure in the thermal expansion chamber 32 is increased to be higher than the pressure in the first and second compression chambers 31 and 33, so that the first and second valves 71 and 72 are closed.

As the last stage of the separation operation, when the fixed arc contact 21 is spaced apart from the second nozzle 52 , as shown in FIG. 4 , the gas flow in the gas circuit breaker becomes smooth, and the gas that flows back into the thermal expansion chamber 32 is cooled and discharged through the first and second nozzles 51 and 52 . When the gas is discharged from the thermal expansion chamber 32, the pressure in the thermal expansion chamber 32 is lowered, and when the pressure in the thermal expansion chamber 32 is lower than the pressure in the first compression chamber 31, the first valve 71 is opened, At the same time, the second valve 72 is opened. Accordingly, the gas compressed in the first compression chamber 31 and the second compression chamber 33 is introduced into the thermal expansion chamber 32 through the first and second valves 71 and 72, respectively, and then the first nozzle ( 51) through the fixed arc contact 21 and the movable arc contact 22 is sprayed. The arc generated between the two arc contacts (21, 22) is extinguished by spraying the gas to block the fault current.

After blocking the fixed current, looking at the approach operation of approaching the movable arc contact 22 toward the fixed arc contact 21 again, as shown in FIG. 5 , the gas circuit breaker in the state in which the second nozzle 52 is open Cold gas flows inside, and the manipulator moves the movable part toward the fixed arc contact 21 in the right direction in the drawing so that the fixed arc contact 21 and the movable arc point 22 are in contact again.

Accordingly, the first compression chamber 31 expands as the separation wall 13 and the piston 40 gradually move away from each other, and the pressure reducing valve 41 is opened by the suction action to allow external gas to flow into the first compression chamber 31 . do.

The second compression chamber 33 is compressed as the partition wall 14 and the input wall 15 come closer, and the gas in the second compression chamber 32 is compressed to increase the pressure, and the third valve 73 is closed.

When the pressure of the thermal expansion chamber 32 is lower than the pressure of the second compression chamber 32 , the second valve 72 is opened and the gas of the second compression chamber 33 flows into the thermal expansion chamber 32 . Accordingly, when the pressure of the thermal expansion chamber 32 becomes higher than that of the first compression chamber 31 , the first valve 71 is closed.

If the movable part continues to move and the fixed arc contact 21 and the movable arc contact 22 are close to a certain distance or less, as shown in FIG. 6, a preceding arc is generated between the two arc contacts 21 and 22, and , the gas around the arc expands and flows back into the thermal expansion chamber 32 or is discharged through the inside of the inner cylinder 12 . The reversed gas increases the pressure in the thermal expansion chamber 32 so that the first and second valves 71 and 72 are closed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7 , in the state immediately before the movable arc contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arc contact 21 , the gas that flows back into the thermal expansion chamber 32 is cooled and passes through the first nozzle 51 . It is sprayed between the fixed arc contact 21 and the movable arc contact 22 . Accordingly, as the pressure in the thermal expansion chamber 32 is lowered, the second valve 72 is opened, and the gas compressed in the second compression chamber 33 is combined with the thermal gas and the contaminated gas in the thermal expansion chamber 32 in the first It is sprayed through the nozzle 51 to extinguish the preceding arc and then is discharged through the inner cylinder 12 .

Accordingly, the gas compressed in the second compression chamber 33 extinguishes the preceding arc, and by extinguishing the preceding arc, damage to the two arc contacts 21 and 22 and the first and second nozzles 51 and 52 can be prevented. can In addition, since the gas compressed in the second compression chamber 33 quickly arranges the thermal gas and the contaminated gas inside the thermal expansion chamber 32, the heat inside the gas circuit breaker in the process of blocking the fault current that occurs after the completion of the approach operation It is possible to prevent shutoff failure due to gas and contaminated gas.

In the above, specific embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, but it will be apparent that the scope of the present invention extends to modifications or equivalents based on the technical idea described in the claims.

11: outer cylinder
12: inner cylinder
13: dividing wall
14: bulkhead
15: input wall
21: fixed arc contact
22: movable arc contact
31: compression chamber
32: thermal expansion chamber
33: second compression chamber
40: piston
41: pressure reducing valve
51: first nozzle
52: second nozzle
61: manipulator connecting rod
71: first valve
72: second valve
73: third valve

Claims (7)

A thermal expansion chamber and a first compression chamber partitioned by a dividing wall are provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the first compression chamber is closed and sealed by a piston, and one side of the thermal expansion chamber has a fixed arc contact and a movable arc contact. In the gas circuit breaker provided with a first nozzle through which gas enters and exits for arc extinguishing between,
a second compression chamber compressing the gas inside when the movable arc contact approaches the fixed arc contact and providing the compressed gas to the thermal expansion chamber; including,
The first compression chamber and the second compression chamber are respectively disposed on both sides of the thermal expansion chamber,
When the first compression chamber is compressed, the second compression chamber is expanded, and when the first compression chamber is expanded, the second compression chamber is compressed. delete delete The method of claim 1,
The thermal expansion chamber and the second compression chamber are partitioned by a partition wall,
a manipulator for separating the movable arc contact from the fixed arc contact or approaching the fixed arc contact; further comprising,
The manipulator is a gas circuit breaker, characterized in that it moves the partition wall and the partition wall at the same time. 5. The method of claim 4,
a second valve for communicating the thermal expansion chamber and the second compression chamber;
a third valve communicating the outside of the gas circuit breaker with the second compression chamber; Gas circuit breaker further comprising a. 6. The method of claim 5,
The second valve is a gas circuit breaker, characterized in that it is composed of a check valve for flowing gas from the second compression chamber to the thermal expansion chamber. 6. The method of claim 5,
The third valve is a gas circuit breaker, characterized in that it is composed of a check valve for flowing gas from the outside of the gas circuit breaker to the second compression chamber.

Images