KR102389246B1 - Corner structure of sealed and insulated tank and assembly method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for assembling a corner structure intended to be disposed between a first wall (27) and a second wall (28) of a sealed and insulated tank,
How to assemble,
- providing first and second insulating panels (29, 30) each having a first face intended to be disposed parallel to the edge formed between the first and second walls (27, 28) and adjacent thereto; ;
- cutting the first insulating panel (29) by adjusting, to a set value, the dimensions of the first insulating panel (29) in a direction perpendicular to the first plane;
- fixing the first and second insulating panels (29, 30) individually against the supporting structure (3) of the first and second walls (27, 28);
individually on the first and second insulating panels 29 , 30 by adjusting the relative positions of the first insulating blocks 47 , 147 on the first insulating panel 29 by position-adjustable anchoring means Including; fixing the first and second insulating blocks (47, 48, 147, 148).

Description

Corner structure of sealed and insulated tank and assembly method thereof

The present invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating membrane tanks for storing and/or transporting fluids, such as cryogenic fluids.

Sealed and insulated membrane tanks are particularly used for storing liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored at atmospheric pressure, at about -162°C. These tanks may be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended to contain or transport liquefied natural gas used as fuel to propell the floating structure.

More specifically, it relates to a corner structure for such a tank as well as a method of assembling it.

French patent application FR2691520 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating tank integrated into a supporting structure, such as the double hull of a vessel. Each wall of the tank has a secondary sealing membrane, a secondary thermally insulating barrier held on a support structure, in the thickness direction from the outside to the inside of the tank. A multilayer structure having successively a secondary sealing membrane, a primary thermally insulating barrier and a primary sealing membrane intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in the tank. include

The corner zones of the tank are created from preassembled corner structures that are in the shape of a dihedron, and each preassembled corner has a respective preassembled corner structure:

- two beveled insulating panels that form the corner of the secondary insulating barrier and are glued to each other;

- a flexible sealed strip forming a corner of the secondary sealing membrane and placed on the insulating panels of the secondary insulating barrier;

- a plurality of insulating blocks forming a corner of the first insulating barrier and fixed onto the insulating panels of the second insulating barrier; and

- metal angle brackets forming the core of the first insulating barrier and fixed on the insulating blocks;

This corner structure does not allow the dimensional manufacturing tolerances of the secondary insulating barrier of each wall to be compensated for, especially because of the tolerance margins allowed for the fabrication of the support structure. However, by way of example, the tolerance of the support structure may be a tolerance of several centimeters or more.

The present invention is based on the concept of providing a method for assembling the corner structure of a tank which is sealed and insulated which allows the manufacturing tolerances of the supporting structure to be compensated.

According to one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for assembling a corner structure intended to be placed at the intersection between a first wall and a second wall of a sealed and insulated tank, the first and second walls each comprising: A first seal intended to be in contact with a support structure, a secondary insulating barrier held on the support structure, a secondary sealing membrane, a primary insulating barrier and a fluid contained in the tank, in the direction of thickness from the outside to the inside of the tank each comprising a membrane, the support structure of the first and second walls meeting at a corner;

The assembly method includes:

- a parallelogram rectangle, each having a first side intended to be disposed horizontally to and along an edge, a second side opposite the first side and an inner side connecting the first side to the second side; providing first and second insulating panels of rectangular parallelepipedal shape, the first and second insulating panels being intended to be positioned at respective target positions, each of the first and second insulating panels including the first and second insulating panels intended to be arranged separately relative to the support structure of the first and second walls, to form a corner between the secondary insulating barriers of the two walls;

- providing first and second insulating blocks, the first insulating block being capable of being fixed on the inner surface of the first insulating panel with means for anchoring the first insulating block on the first insulating panel; the second insulating block is capable of being fixed on the inner face of the second insulating panel by means for anchoring the second insulating block on the second insulating panel, at least for anchoring the first insulating block on the first insulating panel means for are adjustable-positioning anchoring means;

- said first in a direction orthogonal to a first face of said first insulating panel as a function of a first in situ dimensional measurement of the supporting structure of said first wall in a direction perpendicular to the edge determining a first setpoint for a dimension of an insulating panel, the first dimensioning indicating a space between an insulating element and an edge of a secondary insulating barrier of a first wall proximate a target position of the first insulating panel;

- dimensions of the first insulating panel in a square perpendicular to the first face, to adjust the position of the corner between the secondary insulating barriers of the first and second walls with respect to the second face of the first insulating panel; cutting the first insulating panel along the first side of the first insulating panel by adjusting to one set value;

- individually fixing the first and second insulating panels in respective target positions relative to the supporting structure of the first and second walls to form a corner between the secondary insulating barriers of the first and second walls; a first face of each of the first and second insulating panels is disposed along the edge and parallel to the edge;

- the first and second by adjusting the relative position of the first insulating block on the first insulating panel by means of the position-adjustable anchoring means to form a corner between the primary insulating barriers of the first and second walls fixing the first and second insulating blocks individually on the insulating panels, the position-adjustable anchoring anchoring means enabling a plurality of positions for the first insulating block on the first insulating panel, They are spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the support structure of the first wall and perpendicular to the edge.

With this assembly method, the dimensional manufacturing tolerances of the supporting structure of the first wall can easily be compensated for by the proximity of the secondary insulating barrier in the corner zone.

Further, by means of the position-adjustable anchoring means, a change in the relative position of the first insulating block on the first insulating panel as a result of cutting the first insulating panel is easy to compensate.

According to one embodiment, the present invention also provides a corner structure disposed at the intersection between the relative support structures of first and second walls of a sealed and insulated tank, the first and second walls having a thickness direction, comprising a secondary insulating barrier, a sealing membrane, a primary insulating barrier held on a supporting structure of said first or second wall, respectively, and a primary sealing membrane intended to be in contact with a fluid contained within the tank; , the supporting structures of the first and second walls meet at the corners,

The corner structure is:

- first and second insulating panels forming a corner between the secondary insulating barriers of the first and second walls, respectively fixed onto the supporting structure of the first and second walls;

- first and second insulating blocks forming a corner between the primary insulating barriers of the first and second walls and fixed respectively via anchoring means onto the first and second insulating panels;

- anchoring means of the first insulating block on the first insulating panel being position-adjustable anchoring means enabling a plurality of positions for the first insulating block on at least the first insulating panel, the positions being parallel to the first wall and Including; spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the edge.

According to embodiments, this assembly method and/or corner structure may include one or more of the following features.

According to one embodiment, the first insulating panel is cut along a cutting plane parallel to a straight line formed at the intersection between the inner surface of the first insulating panel and the first surface.

According to an embodiment, the first setting value corresponds to a distance in a direction perpendicular to the corner between the second face of the first insulating panel and a corner arranged between the inner faces of the first and second insulating panels.

Advantageously, the position-adjustable anchoring means are arranged such that the various enabled positions extend in a range greater than 30 mm, preferably greater than 50 mm, for example about 80 mm.

According to one embodiment, the position-adjustable anchoring means are fixedly anchored on said first or second insulating panel before the step of cutting said first or second insulating panel.

According to one embodiment, the means for anchoring the second insulating block on the second insulating panel is a position-adjustable means enabling a plurality of positions for the second insulating block on the second insulating panel, wherein the positions are spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the second wall and perpendicular to the edge,

The second setpoint is a function of a second first in situ dimensional measurement of the supporting structure of the second wall in a direction perpendicular to the edge, wherein the second setpoint value is a function of the second setpoint in a direction perpendicular to the first face of the second insulating panel. 2 is determined for the dimensions of the insulating panel, the second dimension measurement representing the space between the edge and the insulating element of the secondary insulating barrier of the second wall proximate the target position of the second insulating panel,

The second insulating panel is disposed on the side of the second insulating panel in a direction perpendicular to the first side to adjust the position of the corner between the secondary insulating barriers of the first and second walls with respect to the second side of the secondary insulating panel. cut along the first side of the second insulating panel by adjusting the dimension to the second setpoint;

The second insulating block is fixed onto the second insulating panel by adjusting the relative position of the second insulating block on the second insulating panel by means of position-adjustable anchoring means for adjusting the second insulating block on the second insulating panel. and the position-adjustable anchoring means allows a plurality of positions for the second insulating block on the second insulating panel, the positions being spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the supporting structure of the second wall and perpendicular to the edge.

According to one embodiment, the second insulating panel is cut with a cutting plane parallel to a straight line formed at the intersection between the inner face and the first face of the second insulating panel.

According to one embodiment, the first and second insulating panels are each beveled such that a first side of each of the first and second insulating panels includes a beveled portion proximate to the inner surface of the insulating panel, and , the method includes leading the inclined portions of the first and second insulating panels into contact with each other.

According to an embodiment, the angles α1 and α2 respectively formed by the inclined portions of the first and second insulating panels with respect to the inner surface of the insulating panel are related by the following relation: α1 + α2 = 360 - β, where β is the angle in degrees formed between the supporting structures of the two walls. The angles α1, α2 are determined, for example, by the relation: α1 = α2 = 180 - 0.5 β. Further, the dimensions a1 and a2 of the first and second insulating panels, taken from the ends of the inclined portions opposite to the inner face, in a direction perpendicular to the inner face, are given by the relation is defined by

a2 = x1 - L1 init - i;

a1 = x2 - L 2 init - i;

here

β is the angle expressed in degrees formed between the supporting structures of the two walls;

α1, α2 are: degrees;

e is the thickness of the first panel and the second panel,

x1 is a measurement indicating the space between the edges or insulating panels close to the target position of the first insulating panel,

x2 is a measurement indicating the space between the edge and the insulating channel close to the target position of the second insulating panel,

i is: the width setpoint of the void between one of the first and second insulating panels and an adjacent insulating panel, and

L1 init, L2 init are: initial individual dimensions of the first and second insulating panels in a direction perpendicular to the first face of the insulating panels.

According to another embodiment, the first insulating panel is cut along a first side of the first insulating panel that is perpendicular to the inner surface of the first insulating panel. Preferably, the second insulating panel is also cut along the first side of the second insulating panel perpendicular to the inner side of the second insulating panel.

In one embodiment, the insulating corner element is fixed with respect to the corner, in a space intended to be arranged between the first side of the first insulating panel and the first side of the second insulating panel.

According to an embodiment, the first and second insulating blocks are parallelepiped rectangular, each having said first face and a second face opposite said first face, wherein a third setting is a function of said first dimension measurement. to be determined for the dimension of the first insulating block in a direction perpendicular to the first surface of the first insulating block,

the first insulating block is cut along the second face of the first insulating block by adjusting the dimension of the first insulating block to a third set value in a direction perpendicular to the first face of the first insulating block; and

The first and second insulating blocks are respectively disposed on the first and second insulating panels to face inner surfaces of the second and first insulating panels of the first and second insulating blocks, respectively.

According to one specific embodiment, the first insulating block comprises an internal plate, an external plate and a polymer foam layer sandwiched between the internal plate and the internal plate, The polymer layer is formed of two distinct polymer materials in a direction perpendicular to the first surface of the first insulating block and is arranged one after another in a direction perpendicular to the first surface of the first insulating block.

According to an embodiment, a fourth setpoint is determined for the dimension of the second insulating block in a direction perpendicular to the first face of the second insulating block as a function of the second dimension measurement,

The first insulating block is cut along the second face of the first insulating block by adjusting the dimension of the second insulating block to a fourth setting in a direction perpendicular to the first face of the second insulating block.

According to an embodiment, the first insulating block and the second insulating block are supplied in a preassembled state by a metal angle bracket, and the angle bracket is fixed on the inner surfaces of the first and second insulating blocks. and is intended to form a corner between the primary sealing membranes of the first and second walls.

According to one embodiment, the means for anchoring the second insulating block on the second insulating panel is a position-adjustable anchoring means allowing a plurality of positions for the second insulating block on the second insulating panel, wherein the positions are They are spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the second wall and perpendicular to the intersection point.

According to one embodiment, the first insulating block comprises an inner plate, an outer plate, a polymer foam layer sandwiched between the inner plate and the outer plate, the inner plate of the first insulating block protruding laterally from the polymer layer ( Laterally projects a position-adjustable anchoring means for adjusting a first insulating block on a first insulating panel having a lateral edge is a stud provided with a threaded end anchored on the first insulating panel (stud), a nut screwed onto the threaded end of the stud and a retaining element pressed against the side edge of the inner plate by the nut. According to one embodiment, the means for anchoring the second insulating block on the second insulating panel and the second insulating block have the same technical characteristics.

According to one embodiment, the inner plate of the first insulating block comprises two side edges projecting laterally on both sides of the polymer foam layer, the position-adjustable for adjusting the first insulating block on the first insulating panel. The anchoring means are provided internally by one of two studs provided with threaded ends and anchored on the first insulating panel on either side of the first insulating block, a nut threaded onto the threaded end of each of the studs and the nuts It comprises two retention elements pressed individually against each of the two lateral edges of the plate. According to one embodiment, the insulating block as well as the means for anchoring the second insulating block on the second insulating plate have the same technical characteristics.

According to one embodiment, the retention element is a bearing plate.

According to another embodiment, the retaining element is a U-shaped section.

According to one embodiment, the dimension of the first and second insulating blocks in the side parallel to the edge is the same as the dimension in the side parallel to the edge of the first and second insulating panels.

According to one embodiment, the first insulating block has a parallelogram rectangle and has a first face disposed facing an inner face of the second insulating panel and a second face opposite the first face, wherein the stud has a first insulating panel It is possible that the retaining element is arranged in the vicinity of the second face of the block and is also pressed against the lateral edge of the inner plate of the insulating panel of the primary insulating barrier of the first wall, which is in the vicinity of the first insulating block.

According to one embodiment, the first insulating block comprises an inner plate, an outer plate and a polymer foam layer sandwiched between the inner plate and the outer plate, the inner plate of the first insulating block protruding laterally from the polymer layer and having an edge Position-adjustable anchoring means for adjusting a first insulating block on a first insulating panel having a side edge having an oblong orifice extending in a direction perpendicular to the A stud anchored on the panel and passing through an elongated orifice and a nut threaded onto the threads of the stud.

According to one embodiment, the corner structure has two lugs which laterally project both sides of the first insulating block towards the supporting structure of the first wall, parallel to the corner, of the first insulating block further comprising a first anchoring strip extending beyond the inner surface, each lug having an anchoring portion connected to the second insulating channel by an anchoring rod, each anchoring rod having a first spherical joint between the first and second spherical joints and the inner end connected to the second insulating panel by a joint, the outer end to which one of the anchoring portions is connected by a second spherical joint, respectively. means for adjusting the length of the anchoring rod of the

According to one embodiment, the anchoring strip is housed in a countersink arranged on the inner surface of the first insulating block.

According to one embodiment, the inner end of each anchoring rod passes through an orifice arranged in one of the anchoring portions, and is threaded into and engaged with a nut, the nut being threaded onto the inner end with respect to the anchoring portion. Pressing the two washers, the two washers engage each other by bearing surfaces inscribed in a sphere and having a matching shape.

According to one embodiment, the inner end of the anchoring rod passes inside a ring held on the second insulating panel, and is threadedly engaged with a nut, the nut pressing the washer press-fitted onto the inner end against the ring; , the washer and the ring are engaged with each other by bearing surfaces inscribed in a sphere and having a matching shape.

According to one embodiment, the corner structure has two lugs that laterally project both sides of the second insulating block towards the supporting structure of the second wall, extending beyond the inner surface of the second insulating block, parallel to the corner. It further comprises a second anchoring strip. each lug has an anchoring portion connected to the first insulating panel by an anchoring rod, each anchoring rod having an inner end connected to the first insulating panel by a first spherical joint, one of the anchoring portions by a second spherical joint an outer end connected to and stems for adjusting the length of each anchoring rod between the first and second spherical joints.

According to one embodiment, the corner structure comprises two wings each welded onto the first and second anchoring strips to form a corner between the primary sealing membranes of the first and second wall. It further includes a metal corner piece (metal corner piece).

According to one embodiment, the present invention relates to a sealed and insulated tank comprising a corner structure of the type mentioned above.

Such tanks may form part of a storage installation, for example for storing LNG, or in a coastal or deep sea floating structure, in particular an LNG tanker vessel (LNG). tanker vessel), a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU), a floating production storage and offloading unit (FPSO), and the like.

According to one embodiment, the present invention provides a vessel for transporting a fluid comprising a double hull and the aforementioned tank disposed within the double hull.

According to one embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for the loading or offloading of such a vessel, wherein the fluid therein is transferred from or to a tank of the vessel floating or onshore. are routed through insulated pipes to or from the storage installation.

According to one embodiment, the present invention also provides a fluid transport system, the system comprising of insulated pipes arranged to connect a tank installed in the hull of the vessel to the above-mentioned vessel, a floating or onshore storage facility, and and a pump for supplying fluid through insulated pipes to or from a floating or onshore storage facility from a tank or to a tank of a ship.

Disclosed herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention is presented merely by way of a non-limiting depiction, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will become more apparent through the following description of several specific embodiments of the invention, its other objects, details and features and advantages will be better understood.
1 is a perspective view in section of a wall of a sealed and insulated tank;
2 is a cross-sectional view of a corner structure according to the first embodiment, arranged at the intersection of two walls of a sealed and insulated tank;
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a corner structure, similar to Fig. 2, in which one of the insulating panels of the insulating barrier has been cut to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of the support structure;
Fig. 4 is a partial perspective view of the corner structure of Fig. 3 showing, in part, the secondary sealing membrane of the corner structure and showing the insulating barrier;
5 is a perspective view of the corner structure of FIG. 2 ;
FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view showing the sealed welding of the metal sheets of the primary sealing membrane of one of the walls on the angle brackets of the corner structure of FIG. 1 ;
7 is a perspective view of a corner structure according to a second embodiment.
8 is a perspective view of a corner structure according to a third embodiment.
9 is a perspective view of a corner structure according to a fourth embodiment.
Fig. 10 is a detailed view of the corner structure of Fig. 8 showing the position-adjustable anchoring means;
FIG. 11 is a detailed view of zone XI of FIG. 10 .
12 is a detailed view of zone XII of FIG. 10 .
13 is a partial perspective view showing the sealed welding of the metal sheets of the primary sealing membrane of one of the walls on the anchoring strips of the corner structure of FIG. 8 ;
14 is a schematic view of insulating panels of a secondary thermal insulation barrier of a corner structure according to another modification.
Fig. 15 is a partial perspective view of a corner structure according to a fifth embodiment;
FIG. 16 is a partial view showing a detailed view of the anchoring of a primary insulating barrier on the primary insulating barrier within the corner structure of FIG. 15 ;
17 is a partial perspective view of a corner structure according to a sixth embodiment;
18 is a partial perspective view of an insulating block of the corner structure of FIG. 17 .
19 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a tank of an LNG tanker ship and a terminal for loading and discharging such tanks.

By convention the terms “outside” and “inside” are used to define the relative position of an element with respect to one another, with reference to the outside and inside of a tank.

The multilayer structure of a sealed and insulated tank for storing liquefied natural gas is described with reference to FIG. 1 . Each wall of the tank comprises, from the outside to the inside of the tank, insulating panels 2 anchored and juxtaposed on a support structure 3 by secondary retention elements. a secondary sealing membrane (4) borne by the insulating panels (2) of the secondary insulating barrier (1), primary retention elements A primary insulating barrier 5 comprising insulating panels 6 juxtaposed and anchored on insulating panels 2 of a secondary insulating barrier 1 by It is intended and comprises a primary sealing membrane 7 supported by insulating panels 6 of a primary insulating barrier 5 .

The supporting structure 3 can be formed in particular by self-supporting metal sheets or, more generally, by rigid partitions of any type having suitable mechanical properties. The support structure 3 may in particular be formed by the hull or double hull of the ship. The support structure 3 comprises a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank, generally a polygonal shape.

The secondary insulating barrier 1 is welded onto the support structure 3 and a plurality of insulating panels 2 anchored on the support structure 3 by resin beads, not shown. As shown, studs are included. Advantageously, the insulating panels 2 each comprise an insulating polymer foam layer 10 sandwiched between the inner plate 11 and the outer plate 12 . The inner ( 11 ) and outer ( 12 ) plates are, for example, plywood boards bonded to the insulating polymer foam layer ( 10 ). The insulating polymer foam 10 may in particular be a polyurethane based foam. The insulating polymer foam 10 is advantageously reinforced with glass fibers that help reduce its thermal contraction coefficient.

In the flat zone of the wall, as shown in FIG. 1 , the insulating panels 2 are substantially in the shape of a parallelogram rectangle and are juxtaposed in parallel rows with a functional assembly gap. are separated from each other by cavities 8 which provide assembly clearance. The cavities 8 are filled with an insulating liner 9 , for example glass wool, rock wool or open-cell flexible synthetic foam. .

For fixing the insulating panels 2 to the studs welded onto the support structure 3 , the insulating panels 2 include cylindrical shafts passing through the entire thickness of the insulating panels 2 ; 19 ) is provided and arranged in the vicinity of at least each of the four corners of the insulating panels 2 . The cylindrical shafts 19 have an altered section, not shown, which defines bearing surfaces for a nut cooperating with the threaded ends of the studs.

The inner plate 11 of the insulating panels 2 has two series of grooves 13 , 14 perpendicular to each other, so as to form a series of grooves. Each series of grooves 13 , 14 is parallel to two opposite sides of the insulating panels 2 . The grooves 13 , 14 are intended to accommodate outwardly projecting corrugations 15 of the tank, which are formed on the metal sheets 16 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 .

In addition, the inner plate 11 is provided with metal mechanisms 17 for anchoring the edges of the metal sheets 16 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 on the insulating panels 2 . The metal implements 17 extend in two orthogonal directions, which are respectively parallel to two opposite directions of the insulating panels 2 . The metal instruments 17 are fixed onto the inner plate 11 of the insulating panels 2 by means of, for example, screws, rivets or staples. The metal tools 17 are positioned in recesses arranged in the inner plates 11 so that the inner surface of each metal tool 17 is leveled with the inner surface of one of the inner plates 11 . (flush).

Each inner plate 11 also has threaded studs 18 projecting towards the inside of the tank and intended for fixing the primary insulating barrier 5 on the insulating panels 2 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 . this is provided

In addition, the inner plate 11, along its edge, spans the cavity between the insulating panels 2 in each gap between two successive grooves 13 , 14 , It has a brake 20 accommodating bridging plates 21 each straddled between two adjacent insulating panels 2 . Each bridging plate 21 is secured to each of the two adjacent insulating panels 2 by staples and/or gluing to oppose their mutual separation. The bridging plates 21 are parallelogram rectangles and are formed, for example, of plywood. The outer surface of the bridging plates 21 is fixed against the lower ends of the brakes 20 .

The secondary sealing membrane 4 comprises a plurality of corrugated metal sheets 16 each having a substantially rectangular shape. The metal sheets 16 are disposed offset with respect to the insulating panels 2 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 , so that each of the metal sheets 16 consists of four adjacent insulating panels 2 . jointly extend upwards. Each metal sheet 16 has a series of first parallel corrugations 15 extending in a first direction and a series of second parallel corrugations extending in a second direction. The directions of the series of waveforms are orthogonal. Each series of undulations is parallel to the two opposing edges of the metal sheet 16 . The corrugations 15 project outward of the tank, ie in the direction of the support structure 3 . The waveforms 15 are stored in grooves 13 , 14 arranged in the inner plate 11 of the insulating panels 2 . Adjacent metal sheets 16 are lap-welded together. The metal sheets 16 are anchored on the metal instruments 17 by tack welds.

The metal sheets 16 have studs 18 intended to fix the primary insulating barrier 5 on the secondary insulating barrier 1 along their longitudinal edges and in the vicinity of their four corners. includes cuts that allow passage of The metal sheets 16 are made of Invar®, for example: a nickel-iron alloy having an expansion coefficient that is generally between 1.2.10-6 and 2.10-6 K-1 ( nickel-iron alloy), or a high manganese content iron alloy, typically with an expansion coefficient of approximately 7.10-6 K-1. Alternatively, the metal sheets may also be made of stainless steel or aluminum.

The primary insulating barrier 5 comprises a plurality of insulating panels 6 of a parallelogram rectangle. The dimensions of the insulating panels 6 of the primary insulating barrier 5, shown in the embodiment, are smaller than the insulating panel 2, except for their thickness, of the insulating panel of the secondary insulating barrier 1 ( It is the same as the dimensions of 2). In this case the insulating panels 6 are offset with respect to the insulating panels 2 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 , so that each insulating panel 6 consists of four insulating panels of the secondary insulating barrier 1 . (2) Extend upwards.

In other embodiments, the dimensions of the insulating panels 6 of the primary thermal insulation barrier 5 are different from those of the insulating panels 20 of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 1. In other embodiments, the primary thermal insulation The insulating panels 6 of the barrier 5 and the insulating panels 2 of the secondary insulating barriers are rectangular substantially parallelogram rectangles, the inner and outer faces of which are quadrilaterals.

The insulating panels 6 are formed by a structure similar to that of the insulating panels 2 of the secondary insulating barrier 1, ie by a layer of insulating polymer foam sandwiched between two rigid plates made of, for example, plywood. It includes a sandwich structure that becomes

The inner plate of the insulating panel 6 of the primary insulating barrier 5 is provided with metal structures 22 for anchoring the metal sheets 23 of the primary sealing membrane 7 . The metal implements 22 extend in two orthogonal directions, each parallel to the two opposing corners of the insulating panels 6 . The metal implements 22 are fixed in recesses arranged in the inner plate of the insulating panels 6 and are fixed there, for example with screws, rivets or staples, or with gluing.

The insulating panels 6 of the primary insulating barrier 5 are fixed onto the insulating panel 2 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 by means of studs 18 . To this end, each insulating panel 6 comprises a plurality of cuts 24 at and along its corners, from which a stud 18 extends. The inner plate of the insulating panels 6 protrude inside the cutouts 24 to form a bearing surface for the retaining element 25 comprising a threaded bore threaded onto each stud 18 . do. The retaining element 25 comprises lugs stored inside the cutouts 24 and abutment against the portion of the outer plate that protrudes inside the cutout 24 . Accordingly, the outer plate of each insulating panel 6 is sandwiched between the insulating panel 2 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 and the lugs of the retaining element 25 , so that the insulating panel 6 is insulated with which it overlaps. to be fixed onto the panels (2).

The primary insulating barrier 5 comprises a plurality of closure plates 26 so as to complete the bearing surface of the primary sealing membrane 7 at the cuts 24 .

The primary sealing membrane 7 is obtained by assembling a plurality of metal sheets 23 . Each metal sheet 23 comprises two series of parallel wave waves perpendicular to each other. Waves project inwardly of the tank. The metal sheets 23 are made of, for example, aluminum or stainless steel.

2 to 5 , the corner structure will be described below as being disposed at the intersection between the first and second walls 27 , 28 of the tank. The support structure of the first wall 27 and that of the second wall 28 meet at an edge 92 . The angle formed between the support structure of the first wall 27 and that of the second wall 28 is approximately 90° as shown in one embodiment. However, the angle may be any other value, for example approximately 135° thereof.

The corner structure consists of a corner insulating element 31 and two insulating panels ( 29 , 30 , which is arranged at a corner, between the two insulating panels 29 , 30 .

The two insulating panels 29 , 30 are in the shape of a parallelogram rectangle. Each of the insulating panels 29 , 30 has a first face 93 that is parallel to the intersection 92 and is disposed towards the insulating corner element 31 , as well as opposite the first face 93 . It has a second surface 94 . Further, the insulating corner element 31 is a parallelogram rectangle, and its two opposing side faces are quadrilateral. The insulating corner element 31 is made, for example, of polymer foam, glass wool or lock wool.

The insulating panels 29 , 30 are the same as the other insulating panels 2 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 , ie an insulating polymer foam layer 32 sandwiched between the inner plate 33 and the outer plate 34 . It has a sandwich structure, including

Referring to FIG. 4 , the inner plate 33 of the insulating panels 29 , 30 can be shown having a series of right-angled grooves 35 . In addition, the inner plate 33 of the insulating panels 29 , 30 includes a plurality of metal devices 36 , 37 , 38 . The metal fixtures 36 , 37 , 38 of each insulating panel 29 , 30 run in three directions, ie two directions parallel to the edge 92 between the two walls 27 , 28 and two other directions. extends in a third direction perpendicular to The metal instruments 36 , 37 , 38 are located in recesses arranged in the inner plates 33 of the insulating panels 29 , 30 and are there for example by means of screws, rivets or staples. is fixed

The metal instruments 36 , 37 , 38 anchor the corners of the metal sheets 16 , 43 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 and form a secondary sealing member 4 of the corner structure. It is intended to anchor the metal angular brackets forming the

The metal implements 38 follow the edge of the insulating panels 29 , 30 proximate the edge 92 between the two walls 27 , 28 . Each metal instrument 38 is disposed in the gap between the spherical grooves 35 perpendicular to the edge 92 . Each metal angular bracket 39 has two wings 40 , 41 that are individually parallel to each of the two adjacent walls 27 , 28 . Each metal angle bracket 39 laterally along its two wings 40 , 41 to allow deformation of the metal angle bracket 39 in a direction parallel to the edge 92 . has a waveform 42 extending from one end of Metal angle brackets 39 are wrap-welded onto a series of first metal sheets 43 parallel to each of the two adjacent walls 27 , 28 and extending separately on either side of the metal angle bracket ( 4 , only one of the two series of first metal sheets 43 is shown). Also the metal angle brackets 39 are wrap-welded together along their side edges. The metal angle brackets 39 are preferably made of the same material as that of the other quick sheets 16 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 .

The two series of first metal sheets 43 openly extend parallel to the respective supporting structures 3 of the two adjacent walls 27 , 28 . Each of the first metal sheets 43 traverses two first adjacent insulating panels 29 , 30 bearing against the support structure 4 of the same wall 27 , 28 , the metal implements 36 . , 37) anchored on each of them by welding at its corners. The first metal sheets 43 are wrap-welded along their side edges. The first metal sheets 43 each have a plurality of corrugations perpendicular to the corrugation 44 and a single corrugation 44 extending in a rectangle parallel to the point of intersection between the two walls 27 and 28, each having a metal angle bracket. Each of the wavy extensions of one of the 39 extends. The corrugations 44 , 45 of the first metal sheets 43 are accommodated in the grooves 35 . Each edge 58 of the first metal sheets 43 on which the metal angular brackets 39 are wrap-welded has a twist, that is, an elevation, whereby the metal angular brackets 39 overlap the metal sheets. can do it

According to one embodiment, the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the edge 92 of each wing 40 , 41 of the metal angular brackets 39 is compensated for manufacturing tolerances of the support structure, as described below. so as to be adjusted as a function of the in situ dimensioning of the support structure 3 . According to another embodiment, the dimension of the jogged edge 58 in the direction perpendicular to the intersection point between the two walls makes it possible to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of the support structure 3 . The width of the joggle is, for example, about 80 mm.

In addition, standard metal sheets, not shown in FIG. 4 , are traversed between two adjacent insulating panels 6 and two insulating panels 29 or 30 of a corner structure and also anchored on instruments 22 , 36 .

On the inner plate 33 of the insulating panels 29 and 30 there are insulating blocks of the primary insulating barrier 5 of the corner structure with respect to the insulating panels 29 and 30 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 of the corner construction. Anchoring fixtures 46 are provided which are intended to anchor 47 , 48 . The anchoring structures 46 are secured with dimples arranged in the inner plate 33 , for example with screws, staples and/or gluing. The anchoring mechanisms 46 each have a threaded bore. Also, the first metal sheets 43 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 have orifices, as shown in high 4 , through which each blind nut 61 passes. The blind nut 61 has a thread on its outer periphery that cooperates with a threaded bore arranged as one of the anchoring mechanisms 46 . The blind nut 61 further includes an anchoring mechanism 46 and a collar allowing one of the first metal sheets 43 to be sandwiched between the collar. Each collar is welded onto the first metal sheet 43 on the periphery of the orifice to provide a seal for the secondary sealing membrane 4 . In addition, each blind nut 61 is intended to receive a stud 49, shown in Figs. It has a threaded internal bore which is intended to hold it.

2 , 3 and 5 , the primary insulating barrier 5 of the corner structure includes insulating blocks 47 and 48 . Each insulating block 47 , 48 is a parallelogram rectangle and has a first side 96 facing the other entrance wall and a second side facing the first side 96 . The insulating blocks 47 , 48 are pre-assembled in pairs, one of which spans against one of the first metal sheets 43 of the first wall 27 and the supporting structure 3 of the first wall 27 . ) anchored on one of the insulating panels 29 fixed against It is anchored on one of the insulating panels 30 fixed against the structure 3 . The insulating blocks 47 and 48 have a composite structure and each has a polymer foam layer 62 sandwiched between two inner 50 and outer 51 plywoods bonded to the polymer foam layer 62 , respectively. include

The insulating blocks 47 , 48 have an inner surface over which each bracket 52 , and an outer surface over which one of the first metal sheets 43 is overlaid. The brackets 52 are metal angle brackets made of, for example, stainless steel. Each of the brackets 52 has two wings 53 , 54 that span individually against the inner face of each of the insulating blocks 47 , 48 of the insulating block pair. Each wing 53 , 54 has studs, not shown, for securing each bracket 52 with insulating blocks 47 , 48 . The studs project inwardly of the tank and pass through orifices arranged in the inner plate 50 of the insulating blocks 47 , 48 . The orifices communicate with larger diameter cylindrical shafts emerging on the outer face of the insulating blocks 47 , 48 . Nuts are screwed onto the studs spanning against the inner plate 50 of the insulating blocks 47 , 48 , thus a rigid connection of the bracket 52 to the insulating blocks 47 , 48 . ) is provided. Thus, each respective bracket 52 allows the insulating blocks 47 , 48 to be connected pairwise to form pre-assembled modules.

A corner connection 55 made of an insulating material, such as polymer foam, is arranged between the first faces 96 of the two insulating blocks 47 , 48 and thus provides continuous insulation ( continuous thermal insulation). Also, not shown, insulating joint elements are inserted between two pairs of adjacent insulating blocks 47 , 48 to provide continuous insulation.

The outer plate 51 of each of the insulating blocks 47 , 48 forms a bearing surface for the retaining element that holds the inner plate 50 against one of the first metal sheets 43 , The inner plate 50 and the polymer foam layer 62 include side edges protruding laterally on both sides. 2 , 4 and 5 , the retaining element is formed by a bearing plate 56 having an orifice through which one of the studs 49 passes. A nut 57 is screwed onto the threaded end of the stud 49 so that the bearing plate 56 is connected to two adjacent insulating blocks ( Abut against the side edges of the outer plates 51 of two adjacent insulating blocks 47 , 48 to sandwich the outer plates 51 of 47 , 48 . Accordingly, the insulating blocks 47 , 48 are attached to anchoring means capable of a plurality of positions for the insulating blocks 47 , 48 with respect to the insulating panels 29 , 30 in a direction perpendicular to the corner 92 . anchored on the insulating panels 29 , 30 by According to an alternative embodiment, a series of Belleville washers are threaded onto respective studs 49 and interposed between a bearing plate and one of the nuts 57 , which are insulating Allows flexibility to be provided for insulating blocks 47 , 48 on panels 29 , 30 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the metal sheets 23 of the primary sealing membrane 7, bordering the corner zone, have their corners directed in the direction of the intersection of the tank on the respective brackets 52 . Therefore, it is welded.

In addition, the primary sealing membrane 7 has a plurality of metal corner pieces 86 each welded across two adjacent respective brackets 52, the corner pieces 86 being the primary It is made of the same material as that of the other metal sheets 23 of the sealing membrane 1 . Each corner piece 86 comprises two wings superimposed on the respective supporting structures 3 of the two adjacent walls 27 , 28 . Each corner piece 86 has a corrugation 87 extending from one end of the corner piece 86 laterally along two wings to allow the corner piece 86 to deform in a direction parallel to the intersection of the walls. include The corrugation 87 of each corner piece 86 is one of the directions of the corrugations of the primary sealing membrane 7 to provide continuity for the corrugated network of the primary sealing membrane at the corner of the tank. Extend by one extension. The corner pieces 86 are also wrap-welded onto the metal sheets 23 of the primary sealing membrane 7 .

The edge of each corner piece 86 which is lap-welded onto the metal sheets 23 of the primary sealing membrane 7 has a joggle, ie a raised section, whereby the Corner pieces 86 overlap metal sheets 23 .

According to one embodiment, the dimensions of the metal sheets 23 , which are wrap-welded onto the respective brackets 52 , in a direction perpendicular to the edge 92 , are to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of the support structure 3 ; It is adjusted as a function of the in situ measurements of the support structure 4 as mentioned below.

According to another embodiment, the dimensions of the corners twisted in a direction perpendicular to the corners 92 are to enable compensation for manufacturing tolerances of the support structure 3 . The width of the twist is, for example, approximately 80 mm.

The assembly of the walls of the tank as previously described will be described below with particular focus on the method for assembling the corner structure.

Initially, the position of the studs is defined, with respect to the reference point of the respective walls 27 , 28 it is intended that the studs anchor the insulating panels 2 of the secondary insulating barrier on the supporting structure 3 , This reference point is, for example, a corner of the walls 27 , 28 or their center. The studs are then welded onto the support structure 3 in a previously determined position.

The set value is the width of each of the insulating panels 29 , 30 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 , that is, the width of each of the insulating panels 29 , 30 along the side 94 opposite to the edge 92 . The dimensions between the faces 93 are determined on each corner structure. These setpoints are used based on in situ measurements of the support structure 4 marking the space between the edge 92 and the insulating panel 2 in a flat zone close to the target position of the insulating panel 29, 30, These width settings must be determined.

For example, the set width L of the insulating panel 29 may be determined using the following relational expression.

L = x - i - e;

here,

x: a measurement indicating the space between the insulating panel 2 and the edge 92 close to the target position of the insulating panel 29;

i: the setting value of the width of the cavity between the insulating panel 29 and the adjacent insulating panel 2;

e: the thickness of the insulating panels 29 and 30.

The setpoint is also a measure of the distance between the edge 92 and the location of the studs intended to secure the insulating panel 2 close to the insulating panel 29 , 30 from which the setpoint is to be determined, or even two walls can be used as a function of measurement of the dimension of the supporting structure 3 of one of the walls 27 , 28 in the direction perpendicular to the intersection point between 27 , 28 .

Thereafter, the insulating panels 29 and 30 are cut to adjust their widths to a preset value. To this end, the insulating panels 29 , 30 are cut in their longitudinal direction, along their side 93 , which is intended to be disposed along the edge 92 , perpendicular to the inner 95 and outer faces. A cut of one of the insulating panels 29 is shown by the dashed line in FIG. 3 . The insulating panels 29 , 30 can advantageously be cut outside the tank or in situ of the tank to limit contamination of the tank with cutting residues. Accordingly, the width of the insulating panels 29 , 30 is tailored to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of the support structure 3 .

Then, the insulating panels 29, 30 are fixed onto the support structure 30, and then the metal angular brackets 39, as well as the first rapid sheets 43, are attached to the insulating panels 29, 30 ) is fixed on top. As already mentioned, the metal angle brackets 39 are pre-sized as a function of the above-mentioned in situ measurement of the support structure 4 .

The insulating blocks 47 , 48 are then attached to anchoring means which, as mentioned above, enable a wide relative positioning range for the insulating blocks 47 , 48 with respect to their respective insulating blocks 29 , 30 . fixed onto their respective insulating panels 29 , 30 by means of

Furthermore, advantageously, the insulating blocks 47 , 48 also adjust their dimensions in the direction perpendicular to the intersection, thus compensating for manufacturing tolerances of the supporting structure 3 on the primary insulating barrier 5 . pre-cut to The set value for the dimensions of the insulating blocks 47 , 48 in the direction perpendicular to the point of intersection between the supporting structures of the two walls 27 , 28 is set as a function of the previously mentioned in situ measurement, The width removed from 48 is equal to the width removed from insulating panels 29 , 30 .

Unlike the cut made on the insulating panels 29 , 30 , the insulating blocks 57 , 58 are cut along their side 97 opposite the edge 92 . Accordingly, in this feature integration, the insulating blocks 47 , 48 can be pre-assembled into rice by the respective brackets 52 before cutting to the required dimensions.

The dimensions, in the direction perpendicular to the edge, of the metal sheets 23 welded onto the respective brackets 52 are adjusted as a function of the aforementioned measurement of the support structure, after which the corner pieces 86, In addition, the metal sheets 23 are welded onto the respective brackets 52 .

7 shows a corner structure according to a second embodiment. This embodiment only holds the insulating blocks 47 , 48 to hold the outer plates 51 of two adjacent insulating blocks 47 , 48 and one of the first metal plates of the secondary sealing membrane 4 . It differs from the previous embodiment in that the bearing element abutting against the lateral edges of the outer plates 51 of the has a U-shaped portion 59 .

8 shows a corner structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment transfers in particular in terms of the structure of the means for anchoring the insulating blocks 47 , 48 of the primary insulating barrier 5 on the thin panels 29 , 30 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 . different from the embodiments of In fact, in this embodiment the lateral edges of the outer plates 51 are each provided with an elongated orifice 60 . The largest dimension of the elongated orifice 60 is oriented perpendicular to the edge 92 . Also, two studs 49 pass through each of the elongated orifices 60 , anchored on one of the insulating panels 29 , 30 as already described. Nut 57 , to which a series of Belleville washers may be added, for each insulating panel 29 , 30 of secondary insulating barrier 1 , insulated blocks 47 , 48 of primary insulating barrier 5 . is threaded into the respective studs 49 to apply a holding force, on the side edges of the outer plates 51 .

Furthermore, the embodiment of FIG. 8 differs from the previous embodiments in the polymer layer 62 of the respective insulating blocks 47 , 48 in a direction perpendicular to the intersection point between the two walls 27 , 28 in this case. It comprises two distinct parts 62a, 62b which are placed side by side in turn. In this case the two parts 62a, 62b are made of polymeric materials which are farthest and distinct from the edge 92 . Accordingly, the portion 62a of the polymeric layer 62 which is intended to be cut to adjust the dimensions of the considered insulating blocks 47, 48 can be made of a lower grade polymeric material, which is the insulating blocks 47 , 48) to limit the economic impact of amputating. By way of example, portion 62b may be made of, for example, a high density polyurethane foam of approximately 130 kg/m3, while portion 62a may be formed of a lower density polyurethane foam. , so it is less expensive. Preferably, the polyurethane foam of the part 62a is nevertheless greater than or equal to 100 kg/m3.

The application of such a dual-component structure for the insulating blocks 47 , 48 does not limit the embodiment of FIG. 7 , but also the insulating blocks 47 , 48 of other embodiments, or It can even be applied to insulating panels 29 , 30 .

9 to 13 show a corner structure according to a fourth embodiment. This embodiment is particularly relevant in terms of the construction of means for anchoring the insulating blocks 47 , 48 of the primary insulating barrier 5 on the insulating panels 29 , 30 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 . It is different from the previous embodiments.

In this embodiment, the outer plate 51 of each of the insulating blocks 47 , 48 also includes side edges projecting laterally on both sides of the inner plate 50 and the polymer foam layer 62 and bearing The plate 52 abuts against each of the side edges of the outer plate 51 . 1 to 5, a nut 57 holds and insulates the bearing plate 52 against the lateral edges of the outer plates 51 of the sphere adjacent insulating blocks 29, 30. It is screwed onto the threaded end of a stud 49 anchored to one of the blocks 29 , 30 .

Anchoring the respective insulating blocks 47 , 48 of the primary insulating barrier 5 also provides anchoring strips 63 associated with the insulating blocks 47 , 48 and the insulating panel 29 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 . , 30) by means of two anchoring rods 64 connecting the anchoring strips 63 to each other.

The anchoring rods 64 are respectively arranged to connect the insulating blocks 47 and 48, which span against one of the two insulating panels 29, 30 of the corner structure, and the two insulating panels 29 of the corner structure. , 30) spans the other. Each anchoring strip 63 extends beyond the inner face of the insulating block 47 , 48 in a direction parallel to the point of intersection between the two walls 27 , 28 , on the inner face of the insulating block 47 , 48 . stored in a conical bore (countersink) arranged in In addition, each anchoring strip 63 is, at its two ends, respectively, in the direction of the support structure 3 , in a cavity separating two adjacent insulating blocks 47 , 48 , an insulating block 47 , 48 . ) having lugs 65 projecting along one of the side edges of each lug 65 having a trihedron shape formed by three intersecting flat portions in pairs. One of the three flat portions forms an anchoring portion 66 , anchored on one of the ends of the anchoring rod 64 . The anchoring portion 66 extends in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the anchoring rod 64 . In the embodiment shown, the anchoring rods 64 extend substantially perpendicular to the plane of the walls 27 , 28 on which the insulating panels 29 , 30 on which they are anchored are disposed. The anchoring portion 66 also extends in a plane substantially parallel to the adjacent walls 27 , 28 . Each anchoring rod 64 has an outer end connected to one of the anchoring portions 66 by a spherical joint and an inner end connected to one of the insulating panels 29 , 30 by a spherical joint. Also, the at least one spherical joint allows the length of the link between the above mentioned two joints to be adjusted. Accordingly, these means for anchoring the insulating blocks 47 , 48 also enable a plurality of relative positions for the insulating blocks 47 , 48 with respect to the insulating panels 29 , 30 .

A more detailed description of the structure of the spherical joints will be provided later with reference to FIGS. 10 , 11 and 12 . The inner end of the anchoring rod 64 , shown in detail in FIG. 11 , engages and is threaded with a nut 67 . The anchoring rod 64 also passes through an orifice arranged in the anchoring portion 66 . A nut 67 presses on two washers 68 , 69 , which are threaded onto an anchoring rod 64 , against an anchoring plate 66 . Two washers 68 , 69 are inscribed within a sphere and engage one another by bearing surfaces with matching shapes. Thus, this arrangement forms a spherical joint with three degrees of freedom. Also, the position of the nut 67 along the anchoring rod 64 can be varied to match the length of the link.

The outer end of the anchoring rod 64 , shown in detail in FIG. 12 , also has a thread for engaging a nut 82 . Accordingly, the position of the nut 82 along the anchoring rod 64 may also be varied to match the length of the link. A nut 82 presses a washer 83 , which is press-fitted on an anchoring rod 64 , against a ring 84 held on one of the insulating panels 29 , 30 . The washer 83 and the ring 84 engage with each other by bearing surfaces inscribed within the sphere and having matching shapes to form a spherical joint. The ring 84 comprises a cylindrical skirt 85 extending from the bearing surface of the ring 84 axially along the axis of the anchoring rod 64 . A cylindrical skirt 85 defines a housing in which a nut 82 and a washer 83 are stored. The cylindrical skirt 85 has a thread on its outer periphery that engages a threaded bore arranged in the blind nut 61 . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and described by reference, a blind nut 61 is fastened to an anchoring mechanism 46 , which is fixed to the insulating panels 29 , 30 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 . The anchoring mechanism 46 is fixed, for example by means of a screw connection, in dimples arranged in the inner plate 33 of the insulating panel 29 , 30 . Each anchoring mechanism 46 comprises a threaded bore into which one of the blind nuts 61 is threaded. Accordingly, each blind nut 61 has threads on its outer periphery that engage a threaded bore arranged in the anchoring mechanism 46 . Further, each blind nut 61 passes through an orifice arranged in one of the first metal sheets 43 of the secondary sealing membrane 4 and is sandwiched between the anchoring mechanism 46 and the collar. It further includes a collar that allows (43). Each collar is also welded onto the first metal sheet 43 , on the perimeter of the orifice, to provide a seal for the secondary sealing membrane 4 .

As shown in FIG. 13 , the metal sheets 23 of the primary sealing membrane 7 abutting the corner zone are interposed between the supporting structures 3 of the two walls 27 , 28 on the anchoring strips 63 . are welded along their edges, which are oriented towards the intersection of the The primary sealing membrane 7 also has respective metal corner pieces 88 . Each corner piece 88 comprises two wings individually parallel to the respective supporting structures 3 of the two adjacent walls 27 , 28 . Each wing is welded across the anchoring strips 63 of two adjacent insulating blocks 47 , 48 . The corner piece 88 is made of the same material as that of the other metal sheets 23 of the primary sealing membrane. Also, each corner piece 88 laterally along the two wings allows the corner piece 88 to deform in a direction parallel to the point of intersection between the two walls 27, 28. and a waveform 89 extending from one end of The corrugation 89 of each corner piece 88 is one of the directions of the corrugations of the primary sealing membrane 7 to provide continuity for the series of corrugations of the primary sealing membrane 7 at the corner of the tank. extend as an extension of The corner pieces 88 are also wrap-welded onto the metal sheets 23 of the primary sealing membrane 7 . The dimensions of the metal sheets 23 , which are lap-welded onto the corner pieces 88 , in the direction perpendicular to the corner 92 , are adjusted as a function of the in situ measurement of the support structure 4 .

15 and 16 show a corner structure according to a fifth embodiment. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5 in terms of means for anchoring the insulating blocks 47 , 48 on the insulating panels 29 , 30 . In this embodiment, the two retaining elements shown in FIG. 15 retain the two lateral edges of the inner plate 51 of the respective insulating blocks 47 , 48 . Each retaining element includes a bearing plate 98 , 99 . Each bearing plate 98 , 99 has an orifice through which a respective stud 110 , 101 passes, which is anchored on one of the insulating panels 29 , 30 . Each bearing plate 98 , 99 abuts against the lateral edges of the outer plates 51 of two adjacent insulating blocks 47 , 48 .

Also, in a direction perpendicular to the edge 92 , the insulating blocks 47 , 48 are cut when they are pre-assembled into pairs by the respective brackets 52 before being cut to the required dimensions. The dimension of each of the wings 52 , 53 of the brackets 52 is smaller than that of the insulating blocks 47 , 48 , so that each insulating block 47 , 48 is attached to one of the respective brackets 52 . It has a part not covered by Preferably, the plywood 102 is fixed onto the inner plate 50 of the respective insulating blocks 47 , 48 in its zone not covered by one of the respective brackets 52 . The thickness of the plywoods 102 allows the inner surface of each of the plywoods 102 to be flush with the inner surface of one of the wings 53 , 54 of each of the brackets 52 . This arrangement provides continuity for supporting the primary sealing membrane 7 .

17 and 18 show a corner structure according to a sixth embodiment. In this embodiment, the dimension of each of the insulating blocks 147 , 148 in the direction parallel to the edge 92 is equal to the same dimension of the standard insulating panel 6 of the primary insulating barrier 5 . In the embodiment shown, the considered dimensions of the insulating blocks are equal to the corresponding dimensions of the insulating panels 29 , 30 . Further, the insulating blocks 147 , 148 are arranged in line with the columns of standard insulating panels 6 . Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, the dimension of each of the insulating blocks 147 , 148 , obtained parallel to the edge 92 , is substantially equal to the three inter-corrugation distances. Insulation blocks 147 and 148 each have a composite structure and include a polymer foam layer 162 sandwiched between two inner 150 and outer 151 plywood, bonded to a polymer foam layer 162 , respectively. do. The outer plate 151 of each of the insulating blocks 147 and 148 also includes side edges that laterally project both sides of the inner plate 150 and the polymer foam layer 162 .

A stud 104 anchored to one of the insulating panels 29 , 30 has a cavity separating two adjacent insulating blocks and the two adjacent standard insulating panels 6 and the two insulating blocks 147 , 148 . ) is placed at each intersection between the cavities separating them. Each stud 104 engages a retaining element 105 comprising a bore, passing through the stud 104 , while the outer plates 151 of two adjacent insulating blocks 147 , 148 . for the corner zones of , on the other hand abutting lugs for the corner zones of two adjacent insulating panels 6 . Accordingly, the number of studs 104 required to anchor standard insulating panels 6 and insulating blocks 147 , 148 is limited.

18 , each of the insulating blocks 147 , 148 in this case has a relief slot 103 extending from one end of the insulating block 147 , 148 laterally in a direction perpendicular to the edge 92 . ) has The respective undulations of the primary sealing membrane 7 , perpendicular to the edge 92 , are disposed towards a cavity arranged between two adjacent insulating blocks 147 , 148 or towards one of the relief slots 130 . do. Each relief slot 103 passes completely through the thickness of the inner plate 150 and is arranged at some or even all of the thickness of the polymeric foam layer 162 . With the relief slot 103 , the waveforms of the primary sealing membrane 8 can be deformed without placing significant mechanical constraints on the insulating blocks 147 , 148 .

In addition, the insulating blocks 47 and 48 are assembled in pairs by a plurality of respective brackets 52 having the same structure as that of FIGS. 2, 3 and 5 to 8 . Each gap arranged between the side edge of the insulating block 147 , 148 and one of the relief slots 103 or between the two relief slots 103 receives a wing of one of the respective brackets 52 . .

15 and 16d , each insulating block 147 , 148 has a portion not covered by one of the respective brackets 52 , and the plywood supports the primary sealing membrane 7 . It is fixed onto the inner plate 150 of each of the insulating blocks 147 , 148 in its zone which does not cover one of the respective brackets 52 to provide continuity to the one.

13 schematically shows the insulating panels 29 and 30 of the secondary insulating barrier 1 of a corner structure. According to this embodiment, the first faces 93 of the insulating panels 29 , 30 along the edge 92 are not cut perpendicular to the inner and outer faces of the insulating panels 29 , 30 . In practice, the first faces 93 of adjacent insulating panels 29 , 30 are beveled to form a bevel 91 proximate the inner face 95 of the insulating panels 29 , 30 . Accordingly, the relative position of the insulating panels 29 , 30 can be adjusted by limiting the loss of materials joined with the cutting insulating panels 29 , 30 .

In a direction perpendicular to the inner and outer surfaces of the insulating panel 29, corresponding to the lowest thickness of the first and second insulating panels 29 and 30, respectively, that is, obtained from the end of the inclined portion 91 and as well as the respective dimensions a1 and a2 respectively formed by the inclined portion 91 of the first and second insulating panels 29 , 30 with respect to the inner surface of the insulating panel 29 , 30 . The angles (α1, α2) of can be determined, for example, by the following formula.

α1 = α2 = 180 - 0.5 β;

a2 = x1 - L1 init - i;

a1 = x2 - L 2 init - i;

here,

- β: the angle in degrees formed between the supporting structures of the two walls 27 , 28 ;

- α1, α2: angular degrees;

- e: the maximum thickness of each of the first panel 29 and the second panel 30 ;

- x1: a measurement indicating the space between the edge 92 and the insulating panel 2 close to the target position of the first insulating panel 29;

- x2: a measurement indicating the space between the edge 92 and the insulating panel 2 close to the target position of the second insulating panel 29;

- I: the setting value of the width of the cavity between the adjacent insulating panel 2 and one of the first and second insulating panels 29 , 30 ;

- L1 init, L2 init: initial respective dimensions of the first and second insulating panels 29 and 30 in a direction perpendicular to the first face of the insulating panels 29 , 30 .

Referring to FIG. 19 , which is a cross-section of an LNG tanker vessel 70 , a sealed and insulated tank 71 shows the general prismatic shape mounted within the double hull 72 of the vessel. The walls of the tank 71 comprise a primary sealed barrier intended to come into contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary sealed barrier arranged between the double hull 72 of the vessel and the primary sealed barrier and two insulating barriers. They are respectively arranged between the primary sealed barrier and the secondary sealed barrier and between the secondary sealed barrier and the double hull 72 .

In a manner known per se, the loading/unloading pipes 73 disposed on the upper bridge of the vessel are connected to a maritime or harbor terminal for transporting an LNG cargo to or from the tank 71 . ), by means of suitable connectors.

19 also shows an example of a marine terminal comprising a loading and offloading station 75 , a submarine pipeline 76 and a ground facility 77 . The loading and unloading system 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising a movable arm 74 and a tower 78 supporting the movable arm 74 . A movable arm 74 supports a bundle of insulated flexible tubes 79 that can be connected to the loading/unloading pipes 73 . The orientable movable arm 74 is adapted to all types of LNG tanker vessel gauges. A connecting pipeline, not shown, extends inside the tower 78 . A loading and unloading station 75 allows LNG tanker vessels 70 to be loaded or unloaded to or from an above-ground facility 77 . This installation comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipelines 81 connected by a submersible pipeline 76 to the loading and unloading station 75 . The submersible pipeline 76 allows the liquefied gas to be transported between a loading or unloading station 75 and an above-ground facility 77 at a significant distance, for example 5 km, so that the LNG tanker vessel 70 is loaded. and to ensure that a significant distance away from shore is maintained during loading and offloading operations.

Onboard pumps 70 of the vessel 70 and/or pumps provided on the ground installation 77 and/or on loading and unloading stations 75 to create the pressure required to transport the liquefied gas. The pumps provided in are outdated.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to several specific embodiments, it is clear that the present invention is not limited thereto, and includes all technical equivalents of the described means, as well as combinations thereof, provided that they fall within the scope of the invention. .

The use of the words "comprises" and "comprising" and their varied forms do not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those recited in a claim.

In the claims, any reference numbers placed between parentheses should not be construed as limitations of the claim.

1: Secondary insulation barrier
2: Insulation panel
3: support structure
4: secondary sealing membrane
5: Primary insulation barrier
6: Insulation panel
7: primary sealing membrane
8: joint
9: Insulation liner
10: polymer foam layer
11: inner plate
12: outer plate
13, 14: Groove
15: Waveform
16: metal sheet
17: metal utensils
18 : thread stud
19: cylindrical shaft
20 : brake
21: bridging plate
22: metal appliance
23: metal sheet
24: cut part
25: maintenance element
26: closure plate
27: first wall
28: second wall
29: insulation panel
30: insulation panel
31 : insulating corner element
32: polymer foam layer
33 : inner plate
34: outer plate
35 : Groove
36, 37, 38: metal instruments
39: metal angle bracket
40, 41 : Wings
42: waveform
43: first metal sheet
44, 45: Waveform
46: anchoring mechanism
47, 48: Insulation block
49 : stud
58: twisted corners
92: corner
93: first side
94: second side

Claims (16)

A method for assembling a corner structure intended to be placed at the junction between a first wall (27) and a second wall (28) of a sealed and insulated tank, the first wall (27) and the second wall (28) comprising: 28), in the thickness direction from the outside to the inside of the tank, a supporting structure 3, a secondary insulating barrier 1 held on each of the supporting structures 3, a secondary sealing membrane 4, said support of said first wall (27) and said second wall (28), each comprising a primary insulating barrier (5) and a primary sealing membrane (7) intended to be in contact with the fluid contained in said tank Structure (3) meets at edge (92),
The method is
- a first insulating panel 29 and a second insulating panel 30 of rectangular parallelepiped, with a first face 93 intended to follow said edge 92 and arranged parallel to said edge 92 . ), a second face 94 opposite the first face 93 , and an inner face 95 connecting the first face 93 to the second face 94 , respectively. providing a panel (29) and said second insulating panel (30), said first insulating panel (29) and said second insulating panel (30) being intended to be positioned in respective target positions, said first insulating panel (29) and said second insulating panel (30) being intended to be positioned in respective target positions; The panel 29 and the second insulating panel 30 are arranged so as to form a corner between the secondary insulating barriers 1 of the first wall 27 and the second wall 28, the first intended to be respectively arranged relative to the support structure (3) of the wall (27) and the second wall (28);
- providing a first insulating block (47, 147) and a second insulating block (48, 148) - said first insulating block (47, 147) anchoring said first insulating block on said first insulating panel can be fixed onto the inner surface 95 of the first insulating panel 29 by means for forming the second insulating block 48 and 148 on the second insulating panel can be fixed onto the inner surface of the second insulating panel 30 by means for anchoring the first insulating blocks 47 and 147 on the inner surface of the first insulating panel 29 means for anchoring are position-adjustable anchoring means;
- the first face 93 of the first insulating panel 29 as a function of a first in-situ dimensioning of the support structure 3 of the first wall 27 in a direction orthogonal to the edge 92 ) determining a first set point for the dimension of the first insulating panel (29) in a direction orthogonal to the mark the space between the insulating elements (2) of the secondary thermal insulation barrier (1) of the first wall (27) adjacent to the position;
- position the corner between the secondary insulating barriers 1 of the first wall 27 and the second wall 28 with respect to the second face 94 of the first insulating panel 29; the first face 93 of the first insulated panel 29 by adjusting the dimension of the first insulated panel 29 to the first set point in a direction orthogonal to the first face 93 to adjust ) and cutting the first insulating panel (29) along the first face (93) of the first insulating panel (29) in a cutting plane parallel to a straight line formed at the intersection point between the inner face (95). ;
- of the first insulating panel 29 and the second insulating panel 30 to form a corner between the secondary insulating barriers 1 of the first wall 27 and the second wall 28 fixing the first insulating panel 29 and the second insulating panel 30 respectively against the supporting structure 3 of the first wall 27 and the second wall 28 at their respective target positions; step - a first face (93) of each insulating panel of said first insulating panel (29) and said second insulating panel (30) is arranged along said edge and parallel to said edge (92); and
- on the first insulating panel 29 by means of the position-adjustable anchoring means to form a corner between the primary insulating barriers 5 of the first wall 27 and the second wall 28 By adjusting the relative positions of the first insulating blocks 47 and 147, the first insulating blocks 47, 147 and the first insulating blocks 47 and 147 and the second insulating blocks 47 and 147 are respectively disposed on the first insulating panel 29 and the second insulating panel 30. 2 fixing the insulating block (48, 148) - the position-adjustable anchoring means enable a plurality of positions for the first insulating block (47, 147) on the first insulating panel (29); the positions are parallel to the supporting structure of the first wall (27) and spaced apart from each other in a direction orthogonal to the edge (92);
A method for assembling a corner structure comprising a. The method of claim 1,
means for anchoring the second insulating block on the second insulating panel are position-adjustable anchoring means;
The second setpoint is a function of a second in-situ dimensioning of the supporting structure 3 of the second wall 28 in a direction orthogonal to the edge 92 , the first is determined for the dimension of the second insulating panel (30) in a direction orthogonal to the plane (93), the second in-situ dimension measurement being adjacent to the edge (92) and the target position of the second insulating panel (30) marks the space between the insulating elements (2) of the secondary insulating barrier (1) of the second wall (28), the second insulating panel (30) being the second side of the second insulating panel (30) in a direction orthogonal to the first face 93 to adjust the position of the corner between the secondary insulating barriers 1 of the first wall 27 and the second wall 28 with respect to (94). By adjusting the dimension of the second insulating panel 30 to the second set point, it is parallel to the straight line formed at the intersection between the first face 93 and the inner face 95 of the second insulating panel 30 . cut along the first face 93 of the second insulating panel 30 in the cutting plane, the second insulating block 48 , 148 , the position of the second insulating block on the second insulating panel - fixed onto the second insulating panel (30) by adjusting the relative position of the second insulating block (48, 148) on the second insulating panel (30) by means of adjustable anchoring means, the position-adjustable anchoring Means enable a plurality of positions for the second insulating block (48, 148) on the second insulating panel (30), the positions being parallel to the supporting structure of the second wall and the edge (92) A method for assembling corner structures spaced apart from each other in a direction orthogonal to . 3. The method of claim 2,
The first surface 93 of each of the first insulation panel 29 and the second insulation panel 30 is on the inner surface 95 of the first insulation panel 29 and the second insulation panel 30 . The first insulating panel (29) and the second insulating panel (30) are each slanted to include adjacent slanted portions (91), the method comprising: the first insulating panel (29) and the second insulating panel (30) A method for assembling a corner structure comprising the step of bringing the inclined portions (91) of (30) into contact with each other. The method of claim 1,
The first insulating panel 29 is cut along a first face 93 of the first insulating panel 29 perpendicular to the inner face 95 of the first insulating panel 29 to assemble a corner structure. way for. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Insulating corner element 31 is designed to be arranged between the first side 93 of the first insulating panel 29 and the first side 93 of the second insulating panel 30 and the corner 92 in the space intended to be arranged. ) for assembling a corner structure that is fixed against 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The first insulating blocks 47 and 147 and the second insulating blocks 48 and 148 have a rectangular parallelepiped shape and have a first face 96 and a second face opposite to the first face 96 ( 97), wherein a third set point is a function of the first in-situ dimensioning of the first insulating block (47, 147) in a direction orthogonal to the first face (96) of the first insulating block (47, 147). 147) is determined for the dimensions of
The first insulating blocks 47 and 147 measure the dimensions of the first insulating blocks 47 and 147 in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 96 of the first insulating blocks 47 and 147 as the third by adjusting to the set point, cut along the second face (97) of the first insulating block (47, 147);
The first insulating block (47, 147) and the second insulating block (48, 148) are the first insulating block (47, 147) and the first surface 96 of the second insulating block (48, 148) ) are respectively disposed on the first insulating panel 29 and the second insulating panel 30 such that the inner surfaces of the first insulating panel 29 and the second insulating panel 30 face each other. method for assembling it. 7. The method of claim 6,
The first insulating block (47, 147) comprises an inner plate (50), an outer plate (51), and a polymer foam layer (62) sandwiched between the inner plate (50) and the outer plate (51). and, the polymer foam layer 62 is formed of two distinct polymer materials and consists of two parts which are arranged one after another in a direction orthogonal to the first surface 96 of the first insulating blocks 47 and 147 . A method for assembling a corner structure having s (62a, 62b). The method of claim 1,
means for anchoring the second insulating block on the second insulating panel are position-adjustable anchoring means;
The second setpoint is a function of a second in-situ dimensioning of the supporting structure 3 of the second wall 28 in a direction orthogonal to the edge 92 , the first is determined for the dimension of the second insulating panel (30) in a direction orthogonal to the plane (93), the second in-situ dimension measurement being adjacent to the edge (92) and the target position of the second insulating panel (30) marks the space between the insulating elements (2) of the secondary insulating barrier (1) of the second wall (28), the second insulating panel (30) being the second side of the second insulating panel (30) in a direction orthogonal to the first face 93 to adjust the position of the corner between the secondary insulating barriers 1 of the first wall 27 and the second wall 28 with respect to (94). By adjusting the dimension of the second insulating panel 30 to the second set point, it is parallel to the straight line formed at the intersection between the first face 93 and the inner face 95 of the second insulating panel 30 . cut along the first face 93 of the second insulating panel 30 in the cutting plane, the second insulating block 48 , 148 , the position of the second insulating block on the second insulating panel - fixed onto the second insulating panel (30) by adjusting the relative position of the second insulating block (48, 148) on the second insulating panel (30) by means of adjustable anchoring means, the position-adjustable anchoring Means enable a plurality of positions for the second insulating block (48, 148) on the second insulating panel (30), the positions being parallel to the supporting structure of the second wall and the edge (92) are spaced apart from each other in a direction orthogonal to
The first insulating blocks 47 and 147 and the second insulating blocks 48 and 148 have a rectangular parallelepiped shape and have a first face 96 and a second face opposite to the first face 96 ( 97), wherein a third set point is a function of the first in-situ dimensioning of the first insulating block (47, 147) in a direction orthogonal to the first face (96) of the first insulating block (47, 147). 147) is determined for the dimensions of
The first insulating blocks 47 and 147 measure the dimensions of the first insulating blocks 47 and 147 in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 96 of the first insulating blocks 47 and 147 as the third by adjusting to the set point, cut along the second face (97) of the first insulating block (47, 147);
The first insulating block (47, 147) and the second insulating block (48, 148) are the first insulating block (47, 147) and the first surface 96 of the second insulating block (48, 148) ) are respectively disposed on the first insulating panel 29 and the second insulating panel 30 so as to face the inner surfaces of the first insulating panel 29 and the second insulating panel 30, respectively,
a fourth set point is determined for the dimension of the second insulating block (48, 148) in a direction orthogonal to the first face (96) of the second insulating block (48, 148) as a function of the second in-situ dimensioning; ,
The first insulating blocks 47 and 147 measure the dimensions of the second insulating blocks 48 and 148 in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 96 of the second insulating blocks 48 and 148. A method for assembling a corner structure cut along a second face (97) of said first insulating block by adjusting to a set point. 7. The method of claim 6,
The first insulating blocks 47 and 147 and the second insulating blocks 48 and 148 are supplied in a pre-assembled state by a metal angle bracket 52, and the angle bracket 52 is the first insulating block. It is fixed onto the inner surface of the block (47, 147) and the second insulating block (48, 148) and is between the primary sealing membranes (7) of the first wall (27) and the second wall (28). A method for assembling a corner structure intended to form a corner. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The first insulating block (47, 147) includes an inner plate (50, 150), an outer plate (51, 151), and sandwiched between the inner plate (50, 150) and the outer plate (51, 151). a polymer foam layer (62, 162), wherein the inner plate (50, 150) of the first insulating block (47, 147) has side edges projecting laterally from the polymer foam layer (62, 162); , a position-adjustable anchoring means for adjusting the first insulating block (47, 147) on the first insulating panel (29) comprises a stud provided with a threaded end anchored on the first insulating panel (29) 49 , 104 , a nut 57 screwed onto the threaded end of the stud 49 , 104 , and a retaining element 56 pressed against the side edge of the inner plate 50 by way of the nut 57 . , 59, 61, 105) for assembling a corner structure. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The dimensions of the first insulating block 147 and the second insulating block 148 in the orientation parallel to the edge 92 are the dimensions of the first insulating panel 29 in the orientation parallel to the edge 92 . and a method for assembling a corner structure equal to the dimension of the second insulating panel (30). 11. The method of claim 10,
The first insulating block 147 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape and has a first surface 96 facing the inner surface of the second insulating panel 30 and a first surface 96 opposite to the first surface 96 . having two sides (97), the stud (104) is disposed in the vicinity of the second side of the first insulating block (147) and the retaining element is also a first wall ( 27), a method for assembling a corner structure that enables it to be pressed against the side edges of the inner plate of the insulating panel (6) of the primary insulating barrier (5). 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The first insulating block (47, 147) comprises an inner plate (50), an outer plate (51), and a polymer foam layer (62) sandwiched between the inner plate (50) and the outer plate (51). and the inner plate 50 of the first insulating block 47, 147 has an elongated orifice 60 that protrudes laterally from the polymer foam layer 62 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the edge 92. Position-adjustable anchoring means for adjusting the first insulating block (47, 147) on the first insulating panel (29), having a side edge with A method for assembling a corner structure comprising a stud (49) anchored on and passing through the elongated orifice (60), and a nut (57) threaded onto the threaded end of the stud (49). 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The corner structure is parallel to the corner 92 and extends over the inner surface of the first insulating block 47 , 147 and towards the supporting structure 3 of the first wall 27 the first insulating block ( It further comprises a first anchoring strip 63 having two lugs 65 that laterally project either side of either side of 47 , 147 , each of the lugs 65 being secured by an anchoring rod 64 . having an anchoring portion (66) connected to the second insulating panel (30), each anchoring rod (64) having an inner end connected to the second insulating panel (30) by a first spherical joint, a second an outer end connected to one of said anchoring portions (66) by a spherical joint, and means for adjusting the length of each anchoring rod (64) between said first and second spherical joints A method for assembling a corner structure comprising a. 15. The method of claim 14,
The corner structure is parallel to the corner 92 and extends over the inner surface of the second insulating block 48 , 148 and towards the supporting structure 3 of the second wall 28 , the second insulating block 48 , further comprising a second anchoring strip (63) having two lugs (65) that laterally project either side of either side of the lugs (65), each of which is secured by an anchoring rod (64). having an anchoring portion (66) connected to a first insulated panel (29), each anchoring rod (64) having an inner end connected to said first insulated panel (29) by a first spherical joint, a second spherical an outer end connected to one of the anchoring portions (66) by a joint, and means for adjusting the length of each anchoring rod (64) between the first spherical joint and the second spherical joint; A method for assembling a corner structure comprising 16. The method of claim 15,
The corner structure is such that the first anchoring strip (63) and the second anchoring strip (63) form a corner between the primary sealing membranes (7) of the first wall (27) and the second wall (28). A method for assembling a corner structure comprising a metal corner piece (88) comprising two wings each welded onto (63).

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