KR102372833B1 - Welding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a welding apparatus that performs welding by mounting a vibrating FCAW torch on a welding apparatus. Specifically, an acceleration sensor is attached to the welding apparatus to measure the current position and inclination angle of the welding apparatus, and the position and inclination of the welding apparatus are measured. It relates to a welding device that automatically controls the amplitude and number of vibrations according to the oscillation angle.

Description

Welding device

The present invention is a welding apparatus that performs welding by mounting a vibrating FCAW torch on a welding apparatus. Specifically, an acceleration sensor is attached to the welding apparatus to measure the current position and inclination angle of the welding apparatus, and the position and inclination of the welding apparatus are measured. It relates to a welding device that automatically controls the amplitude and number of vibrations according to the oscillation angle.

In recent years, with the trend of increasing the size of ships and offshore structures and increasing the height of the building structures, the structures are getting larger and the steel used therefor is being replaced with high-strength and thick steel materials.

In order to safely and efficiently produce such high-strength thick steel materials, suitable welding is required, and the most widely used welding technology for welding these steels is the flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) technology.

FCAW uses FCW (Flux Cored Wire), and while supplying FCW at a constant speed, an arc is generated between the wire and the base material through an electric current, and a molten pool and weld bead are formed by the generated arc heat.

FCAW has the advantages of fast welding speed, slag protection by flux, and relatively less melt flow, enabling full-precision welding, good welding bead appearance and shape, good slag removability, and small amount of spatter. . On the other hand, FCAW has lower welding efficiency compared to solid wire, it is difficult to work because of the large amount of Sium produced, and it is more expensive than solid wire. When the molten pool in the wire collides with the base material during the granulation transition, the current suddenly rises and may explode, so there is a problem to be aware of.

Welding parameters in FCAW include welding current, welding voltage, wire protrusion length, welding speed, and the like, and the welding speed, penetration depth, spatter generation, etc. vary according to the welding parameters.

In particular, when welding thick steel pipes using the above-mentioned FCAW welding, the thickness of the steel pipe is thick and the amount of welding is large. However, in reality, it is not easy to supply and supply high-skilled welders.

In addition, when a person directly performs a welding operation, there is a problem that the operation efficiency is low.

On the other hand, although automatic pipe welding apparatuses have been developed to solve the above problem, there is a problem in that it is very difficult to set welding conditions when the conventional automatic pipe welding apparatus is used.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a welding apparatus of the FCAW method, comprising: a mechanism unit capable of moving on the outer surface of a welding target; a vibrating torch unit connected to and fixed to the mechanical unit through a vibrating shaft and having one end vibrating by a vibrating motor about the vibrating axis; an acceleration sensor located in the mechanical part to recognize the position and the inclined angle of the mechanical part; A welding device comprising a; a control unit for adjusting the frequency and the vibration width of one end of the vibrating torch unit during welding according to the position and the inclined angle of the mechanical unit recognized by the acceleration sensor.

In addition, the welding apparatus is used to weld a cylindrical steel pipe, and the mechanism part proposes a welding apparatus having a configuration including a rail installed along an outer circumferential surface of the steel pipe and a body case movable along the rail.

In addition, the acceleration sensor recognizes the angle at which the mechanical unit is inclined with respect to the central axis of the steel pipe and transmits the angle to the control unit, wherein the control unit vibrates during welding based on the angle recognized by the acceleration sensor A welding device for controlling the frequency and width of one end of the torch unit is proposed.

In addition, the control unit proposes a welding apparatus for controlling the vibration width of one end of the vibrating torch unit to increase and the frequency to decrease as the body case moves from the lower part to the upper part of the steel pipe.

The present invention has the effect of allowing the welding operation to proceed under ideal welding conditions in all positions by automatically controlling the vibration width and frequency according to the position of the welding apparatus by means of solving the above-described problems.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of allowing the welding operation to proceed under ideal welding conditions at all positions by one welding condition setting.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of removing the inefficiency and inconvenience experienced when a person works by enabling welding in all positions.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vibrating torch unit, a vibrating torch driving unit, and one surface of a main body case in a state in which the welding vibration width is relatively small during welding.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a vibrating torch unit, a vibrating torch driving unit, and one surface of the main body case in a state in which the welding vibration width is relatively large during welding.
3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the welding apparatus according to the present invention welds a steel pipe.
4 is a view showing an acceleration sensor of the present invention.
5 is a conceptual view showing a state of welding the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe by the welding apparatus of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

A feature of the present invention is that it is possible to control the welding frequency and vibration width by recognizing the position and angle of the welding device while moving on the object to be welded. Specifically, the invention will be described using a cylindrical steel pipe as an example.

Hereinafter, each structure of this invention is demonstrated. The present invention has a configuration including a welding power source, a mechanism unit, a vibrating torch driving unit, a vibrating torch unit, an acceleration sensor 300, a control unit (not shown), and the like.

A welding power source (not shown) is a device for supplying current and voltage to the welding device of the present invention. As a welding power source, DC or AC power is usually used. The DC power supply has a constant voltage characteristic, and supplies the wire by a constant speed supply method, and the AC power supply supplies the wire by the arc voltage control method. Since the welding arc is more stable than that of the DC power supply, most of the DC welding power sources having constant voltage characteristics are used.

The mechanism part will naturally include the configuration of a wire feeder for supplying a wire to a vibrating torch, other welding cables, grounding cables, etc. (not shown), which is a configuration basically provided in a welding device, but it is far from the characteristics of the present invention A description will be omitted. In addition to the above-described configuration, the mechanism includes a main body case 110 , a moving motor (not shown), a rail 120 , and the like.

The body case 110 includes the moving motor as an internal configuration, and the inside of the body case 110 is a configuration that allows the vibrating torch to perform the command of the control unit. A configuration in which there is included is included, and a description thereof will be omitted. Meanwhile, the vibration motor 240 of the vibration torch driving unit may be located on one side of the main body case 110 , or the vibration motor 240 may be located inside the main body case 110 . As an example, in FIG. 1 , the vibration motor 240 is coupled to one side of the main body case 110 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the rail 120 is formed along the circumference of the steel pipe as the object to be welded, and the configuration of the body case 110 , the moving motor, and the vibrating torch unit can be moved along the outer circumferential surface of the steel pipe. provide a path for

The moving motor serves as the main body case 110, a vibrating torch driving unit connected thereto, and a driving source for moving the vibrating torch unit.

The vibrating torch unit is configured to include a vibrating torch case 210 , a metal tube 220 , a wire, a contact tip, an operation roll 260 , a moving slide 250 , and a flux supply pipe 280 .

The vibrating torch case 210 surrounds the outer surface of the metal tube 220 , and the metal tube 220 has a length and protrudes to the outside of one end of the vibrating torch case 210 . A long hole (not shown) is formed in the vibrating torch case 210, through which the vibrating motor connection bar 270 passes through the operation roll 260 and the vibrating motor 240 of the vibrating torch driving unit. connect it In addition, as the vibration motor connection bar 270 moves along the long hole, the distance from the vibration shaft 230 of the vibration torch driving unit is adjusted, so that the vibration width can be adjusted during welding of the contact tip. has been

The metal tube 220 serves as a protective material surrounding the outside of the flux, and serves to prevent the flux from being displaced. The flux is present in the metal tube 220, and the flux is supplied to the welding surface at the contact tip, which is the end of the flux.

The actuating roll 260 is coupled to one end of the vibrating motor connecting bar 240 so that the vibrating motor connecting bar 240 of the vibrating torch driving unit moves through the longitudinal direction of the vibrating torch on the actuating roll 260, as described above. As shown, it has a configuration that can adjust the vibration width of the contact tip.

Part of the movable slide 250 is coupled to the vibrating torch case 210 on the outer surface, and on the other hand is slidably connected to the vibrating motor 240 of the vibrating torch driving unit, and the vibrating motor ( 240 is configured to be movable along the longitudinal direction of the vibrating torch case 210 on the movable slide 250 .

The vibration torch driving unit has a configuration including a vibration shaft 230, a vibration motor 240, and a vibration motor connection bar 270, and as described above, the vibration motor connection bar 270 and the vibration shaft ( 230), the vibration width of the contact tip can be adjusted, and the frequency of the contact tip can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation or vibration speed of the vibration motor connection bar 270 connected to the vibration motor 240. It is composed of

The vibration shaft 230 serves as an axis of rotation or vibration when the contact tip of the vibrating torch rotates or vibrates, and one end thereof is connected and fixed with the body case 110 so as to serve as an axis, and the other end is It is connected and fixed to the end side of the vibrating torch part. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views, the connection relationship between the vibration shaft 230 and the main body case 110 is not clearly shown, but specifically, the vibration shaft 230 has a circular bar shape and is vertically aligned with the metal tube ( 220), it is preferable that both ends of the penetrating circular bar are vertically bent in the direction of the body case 110 to be fixed to the body case 110 .

The vibration motor 240 is connected to the vibration motor connection bar 270, and the contact tip vibrates as described above by rotating the vibration motor connection bar 270 or making a vibration motion reciprocating within a predetermined distance. make it possible On the other hand, the vibration motor 240 is located on one side or inside of the main body case 110 to be slidable, and also to slide on the movable slide 250 , so that the vibration motor connection bar 270 and the vibration shaft 230 are slidable. ) by changing the distance between them, it is configured to give a change in the vibration width of the contact tip.

The vibration motor connection bar 270 has one end connected to the vibration motor 240 and the other end connected to the operation roll 260 so that the vibration or rotation of the vibration motor 240 is the contact tip as described above. to be transmitted to

The acceleration sensor 300 shown in FIG. 4 is coupled and fixed on one position of the main body case 110, and how much the welding device of the present invention has moved based on the x, y, and z axes determined by way of example and the x, It is possible to recognize how much rotation is based on the y and z axes. The acceleration sensor 300 recognizes which part on the steel pipe is being welded by recognizing the position and the inclined angle of the welding apparatus, and transmits information on the identified position or angle to the control unit.

The control unit receives information on the position or the inclined angle of the welding apparatus according to the present invention from the acceleration sensor 300 and adjusts the vibration width and frequency during welding of the contact tip. First, a wire passes through the flux supply pipe 280 and the metal tube 220, and the wire is made of a flexible material, so that one end of the metal tube 220 can vibrate or rotate within a certain range. point out

First, in general, factors that can affect the weld surface include current, voltage, speed, etc. As the current increases, there are effects such as increasing the welding speed and penetration depth, and the voltage is the amount of spatter and the shape of the bead. It can affect the back, and there are changes such as the depth of penetration becomes shallow as the speed increases. In general, the welding operation is performed by changing the current, voltage, and speed, but in the present invention, it is sufficient to set the current, voltage, and speed once initially, and the position and inclination of the welding device in the steel pipe Accordingly, it is characterized in that the welding state can be adjusted by allowing the vibration width and frequency to be controlled in real time during welding of the contact tip.

A mechanism for controlling the vibration width and frequency of the welding device of the present invention during welding of the contact tip by the control unit will be described. As described above, the vibration width can be adjusted by moving the vibration motor connection bar 270 of the vibration torch driving unit on the vibration roll, and the vibration frequency can be adjusted by quickly or slowly controlling the movement of the contact tip. Welding environment such as welding amount, penetration depth, and bead shape of the welding surface can be set by controlling the vibration width and frequency, so it is possible to work in a state that is less limited by current, voltage, and speed. When the frequency is high, the penetration depth can be reduced instead of the bead shape becoming cleaner. it is appropriate As the amplitude of vibration increases, there is an effect that the amount of welding is increased in the area to be welded. The frequency and width of the vibration may be individually set by the control unit, and it is also possible to set them complementary.

An embodiment of setting the frequency and the vibration width when welding along the outer circumferential surface of the steel pipe by the control unit will be described with reference to FIG. 5 . First, when the welding apparatus is located at the lower part of the steel pipe, a phenomenon in which the molten pool formed on the molten surface sags downward due to the influence of gravity may occur. Therefore, it is preferable to control the vibration width so that the vibration width is narrow and the frequency is high. When the welding device is located on the upper part of the steel pipe, it is necessary to firmly weld the steel pipe by maximizing the amount of welding. At an intermediate point between the upper part and the lower part of the steel pipe, the vibration width and frequency may be set to an intermediate level between the values of the upper part and the lower part of the steel pipe. That is, it is preferable to minimize the vibration width in the lower part and control so that the vibration width gradually increases as it moves to the upper part, and it is preferable to control the vibration frequency to have a maximum value in the lower part and to decrease the vibration frequency as it moves to the upper part. However, this is not possible in one embodiment, and the frequency or the vibration width may be controlled to have a different numerical value. On the other hand, the control of the frequency and the vibration width is preferably controlled to have a continuous value according to the change of each position.

Hereinafter, the operation process of the present invention will be described.

It is preferable to first set the frequency and the vibration width of the contact tip according to the position and inclination of the welding device before the welding operation. The setting may be appropriately set in consideration of conditions such as the amount of deposition as described above. In addition, it is desirable to preset the current, voltage, and movement speed prior to the welding operation. It would be possible to make the current, voltage, and moving speed values change according to the position and inclination of the welding device, but since this increases the complexity by excessively increasing the control condition, in the present invention, the current, voltage, and moving speed are the initial conditions. It is assumed that it is set only once, and the condition of the welding surface can be adjusted by controlling the frequency and width of vibration. Each step to be described below is only conceptually separated and explained, and it can be seen that each step proceeds almost simultaneously in a time series.

Step 1 is a step of recognizing the position and inclined angle of the welding apparatus, and transmitting information about this to the control unit. First, the acceleration sensor 300 recognizes the position and the inclined angle of the welding apparatus, and the position and angle will be three-dimensional information based on the x, y, and z axes. In some cases, there will be no need for information about the position, and only information about the angle of inclination. For example, in the case of welding a cylindrical steel pipe, when the central axis of the steel pipe is referred to as the y-axis, information on how much the welding device is tilted based on the y-axis will be sufficient. In this case, since each position on the circumference of the steel pipe and the inclination angle of the welding device correspond one-to-one, there is no need for position information, so there is an effect of reducing input variables. In this case, as an example, when the mechanism part is at the uppermost part on the outer circumferential surface of the steel pipe, 0 degrees is set, and when the mechanism part is at the lowest part on the outer circumferential surface of the steel pipe, 180 degrees can be set to determine the inclination angle.

Step 2 is a step in which the control unit instructs the welding device to operate. In this step, the control unit instructs the welding operation to be performed while the contact tip moves at a preset frequency and vibration width in real time according to the position or inclination angle of the welding device.

Step 3 is a step of performing welding while the contact tip moves at a preset frequency and vibration width. Taking a cylindrical steel pipe as an example, as described above, it is necessary to set the frequency and vibration width so that the amount of deposition is maximized so that the molten pool sag is small in the upper part of the steel pipe, and the load of the steel pipe can be handled as much as possible. In the lower part of the steel pipe, there is a limit to the increase in the amount of welding due to the deflection of the molten pool. needs to be set. An example of the preferred frequency and vibration width setting is to set the maximum frequency and the minimum vibration width at the lower part of the steel pipe, and as it moves to the upper part of the steel pipe, the frequency decreases and the vibration width increases. to set it to the maximum. The present invention welds by varying the frequency and amplitude of the welding device according to each position or inclination angle of the welding device on the object to be welded, so that the welding surface is in the best state during welding operation, while current, voltage, There is no need to separately set the moving speed, so efficient welding work is possible.

The present invention may be variously modified and may have various embodiments, and although specific embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the drawings and described in the description, it is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments. It should be understood that all modifications to the invention to be described in the claims of the present specification are included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

It will be said that the terminology used in the present application is used only to describe specific embodiments, and should not be understood as excluding in advance the possibility of the existence or addition of those combining other elements thereto.

110- Body Case 260- Working Roll
120- Rail 270- Vibration Motor Connection Bar
200- Vibrating torch part and vibrating torch drive part
210- Vibrating Torch Case 280- Flux Supply Line
220- Metal tube 300- Accelerometer sensor
230- oscillation axis
240-vibration motor
250- Go slide

Claims (5)

As a welding device of the FCAW method,
A mechanism that can move on the outer surface of the welding target;
a vibrating torch unit connected to and fixed to the mechanical unit through a vibrating shaft and having one end vibrating by a vibrating motor about the vibrating axis;
an acceleration sensor located in the mechanical part to recognize the position and the inclined angle of the mechanical part;
A control unit for adjusting the frequency and the vibration width of one end of the vibrating torch unit during welding according to the position and the inclined angle of the mechanical unit recognized by the acceleration sensor;
The welding device is used to weld a cylindrical steel pipe, and the mechanism includes a rail installed along an outer circumferential surface of the steel pipe and a body case movable along the rail,
The acceleration sensor recognizes the angle at which the mechanical unit is inclined with respect to the central axis of the steel pipe and transmits the angle to the control unit, wherein the control unit is the vibration torch unit during welding based on the angle recognized by the acceleration sensor Adjusting the frequency and width of vibration of one group,
The controller is a welding apparatus for controlling the vibration width of one end of the vibrating torch unit to increase and the frequency to decrease as the body case moves from the lowest point to the highest point of the steel pipe.
delete delete delete In claim 1,
The angle at which the mechanical part is inclined with respect to the central axis of the steel pipe is set to 0 degrees when the mechanical part is at the uppermost point of the steel pipe, and 180 degrees when the mechanical part is at the lowest point of the steel pipe.

Images