KR102367279B1 - Agricultural Green houses equipped with energy-saving heating functions and smart heating systems including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an agricultural house with an energy-saving heating function and a smart heating system including the same, and more specifically, to an agricultural house with an energy-saving heating function and a smart heating system including the same, wherein according to the present invention, heating can be performed within a short time and energy consumption can be minimized, installation is simple and maintenance is easy, and a cooling function can be additionally performed in summer.

Description

Agricultural Green houses equipped with energy-saving heating functions and smart heating systems including the same}

The present invention relates to an agricultural house equipped with an energy-saving heating function and a smart heating system including the same. Specifically, the present invention has an energy-saving heating function that can be heated within a short time while minimizing the amount of energy used, easy to install and easy to maintain, and can additionally perform a cooling function in summer It relates to an agricultural house and a smart heating system including the same.

In general, agricultural methods using agricultural houses, such as agricultural drying rooms, horticultural greenhouses, and plastic houses, can produce crops in the cold winter, which is advantageous for labor and economics. The cost of constructing heating facilities and heating costs is becoming a significant burden on farm households.

Conventional heating equipment of an agricultural house may be constructed by combining a heat source and a heat pipe, for example, the heat pipe may be a heat conduction pipe or the like in which a heat medium is injected to perform a heating function by heat exchange.

However, in the conventional heating equipment for agricultural houses, the combination of the heat source and the heat pipe is very important, so it is difficult to transfer heat quickly and accurately, and the assembly structure for transferring heat is difficult and complicated, so installation and maintenance are difficult, It is effective only in the winter season and not in the summer season.

Therefore, heating is performed within a short time and energy consumption can be minimized, installation is simple and maintenance is easy, and an agricultural house equipped with an energy-saving heating function that can additionally perform a cooling function in summer and There is an urgent need for a smart heating system including this.

An object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural house equipped with an energy-saving heating function, in which heating is performed within a short time and energy consumption can be minimized, and a smart heating system including the same.

In addition, the present invention is to provide an agricultural house equipped with an energy-saving heating function, which is simple to install and easy to maintain, which can additionally perform a cooling function in summer, and a smart heating system including the same. do.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention,

An agricultural house comprising: a frame forming a skeleton; and a protective paper attached to the frame, wherein the frame has a hollow structure inside which a heating medium can move, and further comprises a planar heating element that at least partially surrounds the outer surface of the frame, it provides an agricultural house .

Here, the planar heating element includes a lower heating element, a pair of electrodes spaced apart from each other in a predetermined pattern on the lower heating element, and an upper heating element formed on the electrode, wherein the lower heating element and the upper heating element are each conductive silicone rubber composition It provides an agricultural house, which is formed from.

In addition, the electrode has a metal plate shape, the electrode provides an agricultural house, characterized in that provided with one or more through-holes.

And, the electrode provides an agricultural house, characterized in that it comprises a stranded wire or a braided wire to which a metal element wire is combined.

On the other hand, the conductive silicone rubber composition provides an agricultural house, characterized in that it comprises a silicone rubber and conductive particles dispersed in the silicone rubber.

And, the conductive silicone rubber composition provides an agricultural house, characterized in that it further comprises a plasticizer and a curing agent.

Here, based on 100 parts by weight of the silicone rubber, the content of the conductive particles is 60 to 70 parts by weight, the content of the plasticizer is 1 to 10 parts by weight, and the content of the curing agent is 0.4 to 20 parts by weight, characterized in that provide a house.

On the other hand, the conductive particles have a particle size of 30 to 50 nm, a specific surface area (BET) of 60 to 100 m 2 /g, and a bulk density of 0.001 to 0.1 g/cc, and the surface of the conductive particles is modified to be hydrophilic. To provide an agricultural house.

In addition, the plasticizer provides an agricultural house, characterized in that it comprises a methylvinyl siloxane polymer having a hydroxyl group (-OH) at both ends and a vinyl group in the side chain.

On the other hand, the agricultural house; a storage tank for storing the heating medium to be supplied to the agricultural house; and a pump that receives the heating medium from the storage tank and provides it to the agricultural house, providing a heating system.

Here, the storage tank includes a first supply pipe for supplying the heating medium to the pump and a recovery pipe for recovering the heating medium recovered from the agricultural house, wherein the recovery pipe is disposed at a position with the lowest height among the frames of the agricultural house It provides a heating system, characterized in that connected to the frame to be.

And, the pump supplies the heating medium to the frame through a second supply pipe connected to one or more frames among the frames of the agricultural house, and the heating medium supplied through the second supply pipe is a frame disposed at the highest height. After being transported, it provides a heating system, characterized in that it is sequentially transported to a frame disposed at a position having a relatively low height through another frame connected to the frame.

The agricultural house equipped with an energy-saving heating function according to the present invention has a structure such that a planar heating element at least partially surrounds the surface of the frame through which the heat exchange medium circulates, so that heating is performed in a short time and the energy consumption can be minimized at the same time. show the effect.

In addition, the agricultural house equipped with an energy-saving heating function according to the present invention is excellent in that it is easy to install and maintain because a separate heat pipe is not provided and the house frame itself performs the function of a heat pipe at the same time, In summer, it has an excellent effect of additionally performing a cooling function.

1 is a schematic schematic diagram of a heating system including an agricultural house according to the present invention.
Figure 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the frame of the agricultural house according to the present invention.
Figure 3 schematically shows a perspective view of the planar heating element shown in Figure 2;
Figure 4 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the planar heating element shown in Figure 2;
5 is a thermal imaging camera photograph during heat generation of each of the planar heating elements in Examples 1 and 2;

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments introduced herein are provided so that the disclosed subject matter may be thorough and complete, and the spirit of the invention may be sufficiently conveyed to those skilled in the art. Like reference numbers refer to like elements throughout.

1 is a schematic schematic diagram of a heating system including an agricultural house according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the smart heating system including an agricultural house having an energy-saving heating function according to the present invention is installed in farmland for cultivating crops and forms an internal space separated from the outside to cultivate crops. The agricultural house 100 that can implement the temperature conditions for It may include a pump 300 and the like provided to the agricultural house 100 .

Specifically, the agricultural house 100 includes a frame 110 forming a skeleton and protective paper such as vinyl that is attached to the frame 110 and forms the inner space of the agricultural house 100 separated from the outside. In particular, the frame 110 forms a skeleton of the agricultural house 100 and at the same time retains a hollow structure therein, thereby forming a passage for the heating medium to implement the heating function of the agricultural house 100. there is.

In particular, the frame 110 may include a plurality of frames arranged vertically or horizontally with the ground and a plurality of arcuate frames, and these plurality of frames 110 are connected to each other so that the heating medium is the agricultural house 100 . One or more heat medium transfer passages are formed to circulate the air as a whole.

In addition, the frame 110 may be made of a material having high thermal conductivity, for example, copper or aluminum, so that heat exchange with the heating medium moving therethrough can be quickly and effectively performed.

On the other hand, the storage tank 200 stores a heating medium to be supplied to the agricultural house 100, for example, water, hot water, cold water, etc., and the heat medium to the pump 300 through the first supply pipe 210. supply, and the heating medium recovered from the agricultural house 100 through the recovery pipe 220 can be recovered again. In addition, the heating medium stored in the storage tank 200 may collect groundwater or rainwater or use water supplied through water and sewage.

Here, the recovery pipe 220 is connected to the frame 110 disposed at the lowest height among the frames 110 of the agricultural house 100, so that the heating medium can be effectively recovered without a separate driving force.

The pump 300 receiving the heating medium from the storage tank 200 through the first supply pipe 210 uses the heating medium to be connected to one or more frames 110 among the frames 110 of the agricultural house 100 . 2 It is supplied to the frame 110 through the supply pipe 310, and heat exchange between the frame 110 and the heating medium, that is, heat exchange between hot water and the frame 110 as a heating medium in winter and room temperature or cold water as a heating medium in summer A heating function or a cooling function is performed through heat exchange between the frames 110 .

Here, the heating medium supplied through the second supply pipe 310 is preferentially transferred to the frame 110 disposed at the highest position and then relatively high through the other frame 110 connected to the frame 110 . By being sequentially transferred to the frame 110 disposed at a lower position, the heating medium can circulate through the entire frame 110 with a minimum driving force.

In addition, since the pump 300 is provided with a heat exchanger therein, it may additionally perform a function of heating or cooling a heating medium. For example, by heating the heating medium to a certain temperature or more through a heat source in winter and cooling the heating medium to a predetermined temperature or less through heat exchange with a refrigerant in summer, the heating function or cooling function of the agricultural house 100 It can be done more effectively and selectively.

Figure 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the frame of the agricultural house according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the frame 110 of the agricultural house 100 may have a hollow structure in which the heating medium can move, and the outer surface is at least partially wrapped by the planar heating element 120. can The planar heating element 120 has a thin plate shape and is made of a material with excellent flexibility, so it can easily wrap the outer surface of the frame 110 in close contact, and the frame 110 and the frame by receiving power from the outside to generate heat. (110) It is possible to perform a function of additionally heating the heating medium transferred through the internal hollow structure.

Since the heating medium circulating as a whole through the frame 110 in the agricultural house 100 loses heat energy by heat exchange with the frame 110 as it gets further away from the heat source, a certain distance from the heat source in the overall circulation path of the heating medium The planar heating element 120 may be applied from a portion of the frame 110 spaced apart from each other.

3 schematically shows a perspective view of the planar heating element shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the planar heating element shown in FIG.

3 and 4, the planar heating element 120 includes a lower heating element 121, a pair of electrodes 122 spaced apart from each other in a predetermined pattern on the lower heating element 121, and the electrode 122 ) may include an upper heating element 123 formed thereon.

Here, the pair of electrodes 122 may have a plate shape made of a metal such as copper, aluminum, or an alloy thereof, or may be formed of a stranded wire or braided wire in which a plurality of metal wires are combined.

When the pair of electrodes 122 has a metal plate shape, one or more through-holes 122a spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the electrode 122 may be additionally provided as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , , since the heating elements 121 and 123 are formed in such a way that the conductive silicone rubber composition forming the heating elements 121 and 123 fills the inside of the through-hole 122a, the pair of electrodes 122 is connected to the lower heating element 121 and The upper heating elements 123 may not easily come out and may be firmly coupled.

On the other hand, when the pair of electrodes 122 is made of a twisted wire or braided wire in which a plurality of metal wires are combined, the lower heating element 121 and the upper heating element ( Since the conductive silicone rubber composition forming the 123 is cured in a permeated state, the heating elements 121 and 123 and the electrode 122 may be more firmly coupled.

When power is supplied from the outside through the pair of electrodes 122 , current flows through the lower heating element 121 and the upper heating element 123 disposed between the pair of electrodes 122 , and the lower heating element 121 . and the lower heating element 121 and the upper heating element 123 generate heat due to the specific resistance of the upper heating element 123 .

Specifically, the lower heating element 121 and the upper heating element 123 may be formed by heating, compressing, and curing the conductive silicone rubber composition, respectively. Here, the conductive silicone rubber composition may include a silicone rubber of high temperature vulcanizing (HTV) or liquid silicon rubber (LSR) in a gel state and conductive particles dispersed in the silicone rubber, and additionally a plasticizer, a curing agent and the like, and the conductive particles may include carbon black, acetylene black, and the like.

In the conductive silicone rubber composition, based on 100 parts by weight of the silicone rubber, the content of the conductive particles is 60 to 70 parts by weight, the content of the plasticizer is 1 to 10 parts by weight, and the content of the curing agent is 0.4 to 20 parts by weight. can

Here, when the content of the conductive particles is less than the standard, the resistance of the heating elements 121 and 123 is excessive and it is difficult to control the heat, whereas when the content of the conductive particles exceeds the standard, it is difficult to disperse in the silicone rubber and agglomerate with each other, rather the heating elements 121 and 123. of resistance may increase rapidly and be non-uniform.

In addition, the conductive particles may have a particle size of 30 to 50 nm, a specific surface area (BET) of 60 to 100 m 2 /g, and a bulk density of 0.001 to 0.1 g/cc, wherein the particle size of the conductive particles is less than the standard Otherwise, if the specific surface area exceeds the standard, it is difficult to disperse in the silicone rubber and agglomerate with each other, so that the resistance of the heating elements 121 and 123 may increase rapidly and may be non-uniform.

Further, the conductive particles may modify the hydrophilicity of the surface through acid treatment, ozone treatment, oxygen plasma treatment, etc. to improve dispersibility in the silicone rubber, and the oxygen plasma treatment is performed using an oxygen plasma device (13.56 MHz). , 0.1Kpa, 60W) can be used for more than 30 minutes.

On the other hand, the plasticizer further improves the dispersibility of the conductive particles in the silicone rubber, and performs a function of further improving the fluidity, moldability, flexibility, etc. of the conductive silicone rubber composition, for example, It may include a methylvinyl siloxane polymer having a hydroxyl group (-OH) at both ends and a vinyl group in the side chain.

In particular, the methylvinyl siloxane polymer having a hydroxyl group (-OH) at both ends and a vinyl group at the side chain increases the interfacial bonding force with conductive particles surface-modified with a hydroxyl group (-OH) at both ends to be hydrophilic, Since the vinyl group of the side chain has excellent bonding strength with the silicone rubber, the internal bonding strength and electrical conductivity of the heating elements 121 and 123 may be improved.

In addition, the curing agent serves to accelerate curing of the conductive silicone rubber composition in manufacturing the heating elements 121 and 123 from the conductive silicone rubber composition.

The thickness of each of the lower heating element 121 and the upper heating element 123 may be 0.5 to 5 mm, and a pair of the lower heating element 121 and the upper heating element 123 provided between the lower heating element 121 and the upper heating element 123 having different polarities. The electrodes 122 may be spaced apart from each other at an interval of 7 to 15 cm, and the electrodes 122 may be made of a metal such as copper, silver, aluminum, or an alloy thereof.

This planar heating element 120 has an average volume resistance of 2.5 to 12 Ω·cm, preferably 4 to 9 Ω·cm, and the standard deviation of the volume resistance, that is, the resistance uniformity, that is, the temperature uniformity is 8 to 25, preferably 11 to 23, heat of 100 to 120°C when 12V is applied, and heat of about 250°C when 24V is applied, in particular, power consumption based on maintaining 200°C may be about 34 to 37 Wh. As a result, uniform heat generation is achieved with minimal power, and at the same time, it does not cause damage due to overcurrent or overheating due to the failure of local resistance control.

Through the above-described configuration, the agricultural house 100 and the heating system including the same according to the present invention can be heated within a short time and at the same time the energy consumption can be minimized, installation is simple and maintenance is easy, and in summer An excellent effect of additionally performing a cooling function can be achieved.

[Example]

1. Preparation example

A conductive silicone rubber composition was prepared by kneading the components shown in Table 1 below in an amount. The unit of the content shown in Table 1 below is parts by weight.

Specifically, silicone rubber and plasticizer are put into a kneader equipped with a mixer blade and stirred at 80° C. and 30 rpm for 10 minutes, then the conductive material is divided into thirds and slowly added while heating and kneading or simply kneading. Stir. Next, 2 to 20 parts by weight of hydrosilicone was added, stirred at 80° C., 30 rpm for 20 minutes, and collected, then a curing agent was mixed and blended 20 times using a two-roll mill, and an upper heating element and a lower heating element having a thickness of about 2 mm manufacture each. A planar heating element was manufactured by arranging a pair of copper electrodes at an interval of 10 cm between the manufactured upper heating element and the lower heating element.

Example comparative example One 2 3 4 One 2 3 4 5 silicon
rubber 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 plasticizer 1 10 10 5 5 10 10 10 plasticizer 2 10 10 conductive material 1 70 60 70 70 conductive material 2 70 60 70 conductive material 3 60 40 hardener 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 kneading 1 2 hours 2 hours 2 hours 2 hours 2 hours 2 hours 2 hours 2 hours kneading 2 2 hours

- Silicone rubber: methylvinylsiloxane

- Plasticizer 1: Methylvinyl siloxane polymer having both terminal hydroxyl and side chain vinyl groups

- Plasticizer 2: Methyl siloxane polymer having both terminal hydroxyl and side chain methyl groups

- Conductive material 1: Acetylene black (Particle size: 48 nm; Specific surface area: 39 m2/g; Density: 0.15 g/cc; Surface treatment: Oxygen plasma treatment)

- Conductive material 2: Acetylene black (Particle size: 48 nm; Specific surface area: 39m2/g; Density: 0.15 g/cc; Surface treatment: No treatment)

- Conductive material 3: Acetylene black (Particle size: 23 nm; Specific surface area: 133m2/g; Density: 0.05 g/cc; Surface treatment: No treatment)

- Hardener: 2,5-dimethyl 2,5-di(t-butylperoxy)hexane paste (45%)

- Kneading 1: Heat kneading (170℃)

- Kneading 2: Simple kneading (80℃)

2. Physical property evaluation

1) Sheet workability evaluation

Examples and Comparative Examples When the time required for curing the heating element sheet in the manufacture of each of the planar heating element is 3 hours or less, ◎ when it is 3 hours or less, ○ when it is more than 3 hours and 5 hours or less, and × when it exceeds 5 hours.

2) Appearance evaluation

In each of Examples and Comparative Examples, the bubble state of the surface of the planar heating element is evaluated. When the number of surface bubbles of 100 μm or more is 3 or less, it is ◎, when it is more than 3 and less than 5, ○ when it is more than 5, and it is ×.

3) Volume resistance evaluation

After measuring the volume resistance at random 5 places of each of the planar heating elements in Examples and Comparative Examples, the average value was calculated. The average volume resistance should be 2.5 to 12 Ω·cm.

4) Resistance uniformity evaluation

After measuring the volume resistance at random 5 places of each of Examples and Comparative Examples, the average value was calculated, and the standard deviation was calculated therefrom, ◎ when the standard deviation is 23 or less, ○, 25 In case of excess, it is ×.

The evaluation results are shown in Table 2 and FIG. 5 below.

Example comparative example One 2 3 4 One 2 3 4 5 sheet workability ◎ ○ ◎ ○ × ○ ○ ○ × Exterior ◎ ○ ◎ ○ ○ ○ × × × volume resistance 4.0 6.0 8.0 9.0 200.0 800.0 20.0 40.0 200.0 resistance uniformity ◎ ○ ◎ ○ × × ○ × ×

As shown in Table 2 and FIG. 5, the planar heating element of Examples 1 to 4 according to the present invention is excellent in sheet workability, appearance, volume resistance, resistance uniformity, etc. to realize uniform heating with minimum power At the same time, it was confirmed that it did not cause damage due to overcurrent and overheating due to the failure of local resistance control.

On the other hand, in the planar heating element of Comparative Example 1, since the surface of the conductive material added to the heating element is not treated as hydrophilic, compatibility with silicone rubber, that is, the dispersibility in the silicone rubber decreases, the workability of the heating element sheet decreases, the volume resistance increases, Problems such as a decrease in resistance uniformity occurred, and in the planar heating element of Comparative Example 2, the surface of the conductive material added to the heating element was not treated as hydrophilic, and the content of the conductive material was less than the standard. , the volume resistance and resistance uniformity were further reduced.

In addition, in the planar heating element of Comparative Examples 3 and 4, because the plasticizer added to the heating element did not have a vinyl group in the side chain, the internal bonding force of the heating element was lowered, so that the volume resistance increased and a problem of poor appearance occurred, especially the planar heating element of Comparative Example 4 The conductive material also has problems such as poor appearance of the heating element sheet, increase in volume resistance, and decrease in resistance uniformity due to compatibility with silicone rubber, that is, a decrease in dispersibility in silicone rubber, because the surface of the conductive material is not treated as hydrophilic.

Finally, in the planar heating element of Comparative Example 5, simple kneading, not heat kneading, is applied when mixing the silicone rubber and the conductive material, so that the fluidity of the silicone rubber is lowered and the dispersibility of the conductive material in the silicone rubber is lowered, so that the workability of the heating element sheet , problems such as appearance, increase in volume resistance, and decrease in resistance uniformity occurred.

Although the present specification has been described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can variously modify and change the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims described below. will be able to carry out Therefore, if the modified implementation basically includes the elements of the claims of the present invention, all should be considered to be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

100: agricultural house 200: storage tank
300: pump

Claims (12)

As an agricultural house,
a frame forming a skeleton; and a protective paper attached to the frame,
The frame has a hollow structure inside which the heating medium can move,
Further comprising a planar heating element at least partially surrounding the outer surface of the frame,
The planar heating element includes a pair of electrodes spaced apart from each other and a heating element formed on the electrode,
The heating element is formed from a conductive silicone rubber composition,
The conductive silicone rubber composition includes a silicone rubber, conductive particles and a plasticizer dispersed in the silicone rubber,
The plasticizer, characterized in that it comprises a methylvinyl siloxane polymer having a hydroxyl group (-OH) at both ends and a vinyl group in the side chain, agricultural house. According to claim 1,
The planar heating element includes a lower heating element, a pair of electrodes spaced apart from each other in a predetermined pattern on the lower heating element, and an upper heating element formed on the electrode,
The lower heating element and the upper heating element are each formed from a conductive silicone rubber composition, an agricultural house. 3. The method of claim 2,
The electrode has a metal plate shape,
The electrode is characterized in that one or more through-holes are provided, agricultural house. 3. The method of claim 2,
The electrode is an agricultural house, characterized in that it comprises a stranded wire or a braided wire in which a metal element wire is combined. delete According to claim 1,
The conductive silicone rubber composition, characterized in that it further comprises a curing agent, agricultural house. 7. The method of claim 6,
Based on 100 parts by weight of the silicone rubber, the content of the conductive particles is 60 to 70 parts by weight, the content of the plasticizer is 1 to 10 parts by weight, the content of the curing agent is 0.4 to 20 parts by weight, agricultural house. According to claim 1,
The conductive particles have a particle size of 30 to 50 nm, a specific surface area (BET) of 60 to 100 m 2 /g, and a bulk density of 0.001 to 0.1 g/cc,
An agricultural house, characterized in that the surface of the conductive particles is modified to be hydrophilic. delete The agricultural house of any one of claims 1 to 4;
a storage tank for storing the heating medium to be supplied to the agricultural house; and
A heating system comprising a pump that receives the heating medium from the storage tank and provides it to the agricultural house. 11. The method of claim 10,
The storage tank includes a first supply pipe for supplying the heating medium to the pump and a recovery pipe for recovering the heating medium recovered from the agricultural house,
The recovery pipe is a heating system, characterized in that it is connected to a frame disposed at the lowest height among the frames of the agricultural house. 11. The method of claim 10,
The pump supplies the heating medium to the frame through a second supply pipe connected to one or more frames among the frames of the agricultural house,
The heating medium supplied through the second supply pipe is transferred to a frame arranged at a position with the highest height and then sequentially transferred to a frame arranged at a position with a relatively low height through another frame connected to the frame. , heating systems.

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