KR102360087B1 - Color film applied solar module and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a color film-applied photovoltaic module which can secure both aesthetics and adhesiveness of a photovoltaic module by developing an optimal position for applying a color film in a photovoltaic module cross-sectional structure, and to a manufacturing method of the color film-applied photovoltaic module. By disposing a color film between a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer in a seven-layer structure, both the aesthetics and adhesiveness of the photovoltaic module can be obtained.

Description

Color film applied solar module and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module to which a color film is applied and a method for manufacturing the photovoltaic module to which the color film is applied. It relates to a photovoltaic module applied with a color film that can secure all of them.

Countries around the world are making efforts to reduce greenhouse gases in order to cope with global warming caused by greenhouse gases as well as energy conservation. As a countermeasure, new and renewable energy is in the spotlight, and solar power is a representative example of new and renewable energy.

In general, a photovoltaic power generation system (also called a photovoltaic power plant) is an assembly of solar cell modules in which a plurality of solar cell modules formed in a panel shape on a support frame are connected in series or in parallel, and the solar light energy from the solar cell module is converted into electrical energy.

In the case of Korea, the “Basic Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth” was enacted and policies such as the “Green Building Support Act”, “Building Efficiency Rating Certification System” and “New Renewable Energy Building Certification System” are being implemented as follow-up laws. In particular, in accordance with the "Act on Promotion of New Energy and Renewable Energy Development, Use, and Dissemination", it is mandatory for public institutions to install new and renewable energy facilities at least 11% of the estimated energy consumption of buildings with a total floor area of 1,000㎡ or more. It has to be done and is gradually being expanded to the private sector.

In general, solar cells are installed on the roof or roof of a building, but in an apartment or high-rise building, the size of the solar cell that can be installed on the roof or roof is limited, so it is difficult to efficiently utilize solar light. Accordingly, recently, research on a building-integrated solar cell that is installed on the exterior wall of a house or building and integrated with the house or building has been actively conducted. The technology of installing the solar cell module of the photovoltaic power generation system on the exterior wall or window of a building is called BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic).

When a building-integrated solar cell is applied, photoelectric conversion can be made in a large area of the outer wall of the building, so that sunlight can be used efficiently.

However, in order for a building-integrated solar cell to be successfully applied to the exterior wall of a building, it must have excellent exterior aesthetics. However, in the existing building-integrated solar cell, it was difficult to improve the aesthetics of the exterior because the solar cell and the wiring connected thereto are visible from the outside as it is, or have only a black color to maximize the absorption of sunlight.

In general, as a technology for realizing color, it can be classified into a technology for making a color cell by depositing an oxide film on a photovoltaic cell, and a technology for making a color glass. Color cells have limitations as only the cell part is colored and the ribbon inside the cell and the ribbon connecting cells are still exposed. The technology using colored glass has a problem in that if the color is darkened for internal hiding, the transmittance is lowered and the efficiency is lowered.

Therefore, there is a need to develop a new color film that does not reduce solar power generation efficiency while achieving such aesthetics.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1057324 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2001-0079262

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module to which a color film is applied and a method for manufacturing the photovoltaic module to which the color film is applied. We want to provide a solar module with a 7-layer structure that can secure all of the color film applied.

In order to solve the above problem,

The present invention, in one embodiment, a transparent base plate consisting of glass (glass); a first encapsulation layer formed on a lower surface of the transparent base plate; a color film layer disposed on a lower surface of the first encapsulation layer; a second encapsulation layer formed on a lower surface of the color film layer; a solar cell layer disposed on a lower surface of the second encapsulation layer; a third encapsulation layer formed on a lower surface of the solar cell layer; And, it provides a color film applied solar module comprising a back sheet attached to the lower surface of the third encapsulation layer to protect the outer surface of the solar module.

The thickness of the transparent base plate is 2 to 6 mm; The thickness of the first encapsulation layer is 0.2 to 0.8 mm; The thickness of the color film layer is 100 to 250 ㎛; The thickness of the second encapsulation layer is 0.2 to 0.8 mm; The thickness of the solar cell layer is 100 to 200 ㎛; The thickness of the third encapsulation layer is 0.2 to 0.8 mm; And, the thickness of the back sheet may be 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

The color film layer, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film; and a metal or metal oxide deposited on the polyethylene terephthalate film.

The thickness of the color film layer may be 100 to 250 ㎛.

The color film layer may have an adhesive force of 50 N/cm or more between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer.

The first to third encapsulation layers may each independently be made of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyolefin elastomer (POE).

The solar cell layer may be a crystalline silicon solar cell, a compound solar cell, a perovskite, a shingled type solar cell, or a bus ribbon solar cell to which a black line tape is applied to cover the ribbon electrode.

The back sheet may be made of insulating PET, a fluorine compound, or polyethylene (Polyethylen), and the color of the back sheet surface in contact with the third encapsulation layer may be a black series.

In addition, the present invention, in one embodiment, the steps of forming a third encapsulation layer on the back sheet to protect the outer surface of the solar module; stacking a solar cell layer on the third encapsulation layer; forming a second encapsulation layer on the solar cell layer; laminating a color film layer on the second encapsulation layer; forming a first encapsulation layer on the color film layer; laminating a transparent base plate made of glass on the first encapsulation layer; And, it provides a method of manufacturing a color film applied solar module comprising the step of performing a lamination (Lamination) process of heating at the same time as pressing all the formed layers.

The lamination process may be performed under the conditions of a holding time of 300 to 800 seconds at a temperature of 120 to 160° C., a vacuum of 300 to 500 seconds, and a pressure of 0.1 to 1 bar.

The thickness of the color film layer may be 100 to 250 ㎛.

The color film layer may be formed by depositing a metal or metal oxide on a PET film using a thin film deposition method such as sputtering, PE-CVD, or E-Beam.

The color film-applied photovoltaic module according to the present invention can have both the esthetic and adhesive properties of the photovoltaic module by arranging the color film between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer in a seven-layer structure.

In addition, since the color film of the photovoltaic module to which the color film is applied according to the present invention realizes color while ensuring transmittance, it is highly usable for sunlight and can be applied to a photovoltaic module for BIPV that can be used as an exterior of a building. In addition, the color film of the present invention is superior to the conventional color glass because it is possible to adopt a roll-to-roll method, so the mass productivity is excellent.

1 shows (a) a schematic view and (b) a cross-sectional view of a color film applied solar module according to the present invention.
2 is an actual image of a color film applied solar module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an image of a solar module according to the thickness of the color film according to an embodiment of the present invention: (a) a color film thickness of 50 to 100 µm and (b) a color film thickness of 100 to 250 µm.
4 is an image of an adhesion test between a color film and an encapsulation layer in an embodiment of the present invention.
5 shows the test results of the color film optimal position according to the Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.

Since the present invention can have various changes and can have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in detail in the detailed description.

However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, terms such as "comprises" or "have" are intended to designate that the features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification exist, but one or more other features It should be understood that this does not preclude the existence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Most of the color photovoltaic modules that are used the most are products with color glass applied. The types of colored glass are implemented through metal oxide thin film deposition, inorganic spray coating, and printing methods, and the transmittance is increased by adjusting the refractive index and a specific color is secured. Although color realization of solar modules is mostly applied through colored glass material, the present invention relates to a solar module to which a color film is applied, not colored glass.

In the past, color films developed through thin film deposition such as sputtering were used for electronic shielding and touch screens as conductive transparent color films with added electrical properties. It has high usability for solar power, and color film is superior to color glass when considering mass production (roll to roll method, etc.).

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a solar module to which a color film is applied, and a solar module having both aesthetics and adhesiveness by developing an optimal position to apply a color film in the cross-sectional structure of the solar module It relates to an optical module.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention, a transparent base plate composed of glass; a first encapsulation layer formed on a lower surface of the transparent base plate; a color film layer disposed on a lower surface of the first encapsulation layer; a second encapsulation layer formed on a lower surface of the color film layer; a solar cell layer disposed on a lower surface of the second encapsulation layer; a third encapsulation layer formed on a lower surface of the solar cell layer; And, it provides a color film applied solar module comprising a back sheet attached to the lower surface of the third encapsulation layer to protect the outer surface of the solar module.

The color film-applied photovoltaic module according to the present invention can have both the aesthetics and the adhesiveness of the photovoltaic module by arranging the color film between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer in a seven-layer structure. This is because when the color film is positioned between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer and is laminated, the chemical structure properties change as the encapsulant melts, so that between the color film and the glass, between the color film and the solar cell layer This is because the adhesion of the In addition, the solar cell aesthetics can be secured by the difference in refractive index between the glass, the first encapsulation layer, the color film, and the second encapsulation layer and the reflection of the black-based backsheet.

1 shows (a) a schematic view and (b) a cross-sectional view of a color film applied solar module according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the photovoltaic module to which a color film is applied according to the present invention has a transparent base plate 10 , a first encapsulation layer 20 , a color film layer 30 , a second encapsulation layer 40 , and a solar cell layer. 50 , a third encapsulation layer 60 , and a back sheet 70 .

The thickness of the transparent base plate is 2 to 6 mm; The thickness of the first encapsulation layer is 0.2 to 0.8 mm; The thickness of the color film layer is 100 to 250 ㎛; The thickness of the second encapsulation layer is 0.2 to 0.8 mm; The thickness of the solar cell layer is 100 to 200 ㎛; The thickness of the third encapsulation layer is 0.2 to 0.8 mm; And, the thickness of the back sheet may be 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

The transparent base plate 10 is composed of a glass including tempered glass or semi-tempered glass or low iron tempered glass, and is located on the front portion of the solar cell layer 50 where sunlight is incident, and the solar cell layer 50 . to protect The transparent base plate 10 has a size corresponding to the size of the solar cell layer 50 .

The first encapsulation layer 20, the second encapsulation layer 40 and the third encapsulation layer 60 are made of an encapsulant, and serve as an adhesive and sealant to protect the solar cell layer 50 from moisture, In addition to the solar cell layer 50, it serves to protect the solar module such as circuit components from external environmental factors.

The first to third encapsulation layers 20 , 40 , and 60 may each independently be made of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyolefin elastomer (POE).

The color film layer 30 is positioned between the first encapsulation layer 20 and the second encapsulation layer 40, and reflects the color while transmitting light. Since the color film layer 30 is positioned between the first encapsulation layer 20 and the second encapsulation layer 40 , the color film applied solar module may have both aesthetics and adhesiveness.

The color film layer 30 may selectively reflect some of visible light. When reflecting ultraviolet or infrared rays, the human body does not have a color that can be detected with the naked eye, so it is preferable that the color film layer 30 selectively reflects some of visible light. In addition, the color film layer 30 may reflect some of the light incident from the outside, but may also re-reflect the light reflected from the inside, so that the efficiency of the solar module may be partially increased.

The color film layer 30, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film; and a metal or metal oxide deposited on the polyethylene terephthalate film.

The metal oxide may be at least one material selected from the group consisting of niobium oxide, silicon oxide, silver oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, and combinations thereof.

The color film layer 30 may have a thickness of 100 to 250 μm. For example, the thickness of the color film layer 30 may be 100 to 200 μm, 100 to 150 μm, 150 to 250 μm, or 200 to 250 μm. When the thickness of the color film layer 30 is 100 μm or less, wrinkling may occur during the lamination process during the manufacturing process of the solar module to which the color film is applied later, and when the thickness of the color film layer 30 is 250 μm or more , it may not be suitable for photovoltaic modules due to influences such as reduced transmittance.

The color film layer 30 may have an adhesive force of 50 N/cm or more between the first encapsulation layer 20 and the second encapsulation layer 40 . For example, the adhesive force of the color film layer 30 is 50 to 200 N/cm, 80 to 200 N/cm, 100 to 200 N/cm, 150 to 200 N/cm, 50 to 150 N/cm, 50 to 100 N/cm, 130 to 160 N/cm, 130 to 140 N/cm, or 140 to 160 N/cm.

The solar cell layer 50 is a crystalline silicon solar cell, a compound solar cell (CIGS solar cell, etc.), a perovskite solar cell, a shingled type solar cell, or a bus to which a black line tape is applied to cover the ribbon electrode (gray). It may be a ribbon solar cell.

As a conventional substrate-type silicon solar cell, it may be made of a single crystal silicon wafer or a polycrystalline silicon wafer. The solar cell layer 50 has a plate shape, and a plurality of solar cell layers 50 may be connected in series or in parallel to generate voltage and current of appropriate capacity.

The thickness of the solar cell layer 50 may be 100 to 200 μm. For example, the thickness of the solar cell layer 50 is 100 to 180 μm, 100 to 160 μm, 100 to 140 μm, 100 to 120 μm, 120 to 200 μm, 140 to 200 μm, 160 to 200 μm, or 180 to 200 μm.

The back sheet 70 may be provided on the rear surface of the solar cell layer 50 to perform insulation and waterproof functions, and a third encapsulation layer ( 60) is formed.

The back sheet may be one to which insulating PET, fluorine compound, or polyethylene is applied, and the color of the back sheet surface in contact with the third encapsulation layer is black (eg, black, dark gray, dark navy, etc.) it could be

In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of forming a third encapsulation layer on the back sheet to protect the outer surface of the solar module; stacking a solar cell layer on the third encapsulation layer; forming a second encapsulation layer on the solar cell layer; laminating a color film layer on the second encapsulation layer; forming a first encapsulation layer on the color film layer; laminating a transparent base plate made of glass on the first encapsulation layer; And, it provides a method of manufacturing a color film applied solar module comprising the step of performing a lamination (Lamination) process of heating at the same time as pressing all the formed layers.

In the method of manufacturing the color film applied solar module, first, a third encapsulation layer 60 is formed on the back sheet 70 . The third encapsulation layer 60 may be ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyolefin elastomer (POE).

A solar cell layer 50 is attached on the third encapsulation layer 60 .

A second encapsulation layer 40 is formed on the solar cell layer 50 . The second encapsulation layer 40 may be made of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyolefin elastomer (POE).

A color film layer 30 is attached on the second encapsulation layer 40 .

The color film layer 30 may have a thickness of 100 to 250 μm. For example, the thickness of the color film layer 30 may be 100 to 200 μm, 100 to 150 μm, 150 to 250 μm, or 200 to 250 μm. When the thickness of the color film layer 30 is 100 μm or less, wrinkling may occur during the lamination process during the manufacturing process of the solar module to which the color film is applied later, and when the thickness of the color film layer 30 is 250 μm or more , it may not be suitable for photovoltaic modules due to influences such as reduced transmittance.

The color film layer 30 is formed by depositing a metal or metal oxide on a PET film using a thin film deposition method such as sputtering, PE-CVD, or E-Beam, and is then applied to the second encapsulation layer 40. may be attached.

A first encapsulation layer 20 is formed on the color film layer 30 . The first encapsulation layer 20 may be ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyolefin elastomer (POE).

A transparent base plate 10 made of glass is attached on the first encapsulation layer 20 .

After laminating all seven layers, a lamination process of pressing and heating the lamination agent is performed.

The lamination process may be performed under the conditions of a holding time of 300 to 800 seconds at a temperature of 120 to 160° C., a vacuum of 300 to 500 seconds, and a pressure of 0.1 to 1 bar. For example, the lamination process may be at a temperature of 130 to 150° C., a vacuum of 300 to 400 seconds, and a holding time of 500 to 700 seconds at a pressure of 0.1 to 1 bar.

The color film of the photovoltaic module applied with a color film according to the present invention has high utility for sunlight because it realizes color while securing transmittance, so it can be applied to a photovoltaic module for BIPV that can be used as an exterior of a building. In addition, the color film of the present invention is superior to the conventional color glass because it is possible to adopt a roll-to-roll method, so the mass productivity is excellent.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of Examples and the like according to the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the Examples presented below.

[Example]

Example: Manufacture of a color film applied solar module

In order to manufacture a color film applied solar module, glass (low iron tempered glass, 3.2 mm) / first encapsulation layer (EVA sheet, 0.6 mm) / color film layer (purple, blue, gold 125 μm) / second bag Layer (EVA sheet 0.6 mm) / Solar cell layer (3 bus bar crystalline silicon solar cell: electrode line covered with black line tape) / Third encapsulation layer (EVA sheet, 0.6 mm) / Back sheet (black, 250 μm) A solar module was manufactured by stacking in the order of (7-layer structure), and the image of the manufactured solar module is shown in FIG. 2 .

Comparative Example 1

In the above embodiment, each material is the same material as in the embodiment, except that glass/color film layer/first encapsulation layer/solar cell layer/second encapsulation layer/backsheet (six-layer structure) was laminated in the order. was used to manufacture a solar module.

Comparative Example 2

In the above embodiment, each material is the same as in the embodiment, except that glass/first encapsulation layer/color film layer/solar cell layer/second encapsulation layer/backsheet (six-layer structure) was laminated in the order. was used to manufacture a solar module.

Experimental Example 1: Color film appropriate thickness test

In order to test the appropriate thickness of the color film in the photovoltaic module applied with the color film prepared in the above example, the thickness of the color film was manufactured to 25, 50, 125 and 188 μm, respectively, and tested.

As shown in FIG. 3 , when the color film thickness was 100 μm or less, it was confirmed that wrinkling occurred during the lamination process, and when the color film thickness was 100 to 250 μm, it was confirmed that the color film was formed without wrinkling.

Experimental Example 2: Color film optimal position test

In order to test the aesthetics and adhesion according to the position of the color film in the color film applied solar module, the esthetic and adhesive properties of the color film applied solar module prepared in Examples, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were measured. (Fig. 4). The results are shown in FIG. 5 and Table 1 below.

Referring to Figure 5 and Table 1, the Example showed that both adhesiveness and visual properties were good, and Comparative Example 1, in which a color film was formed between the glass and the first encapsulation layer, was found to have poor aesthetics and adhesion. In addition, Comparative Example 2, in which a color film was formed between the first encapsulation layer and the solar cell layer, had good adhesion, but it was confirmed that the aesthetics were not good.

According to the above results, it was confirmed that the color film position of the photovoltaic module applying the color film according to the present invention was the optimal condition.

10: transparent base plate
20: first encapsulation layer
30: color film layer
40: second encapsulation layer
50: solar cell layer
60: third encapsulation layer
70: back seat

Claims (12)

Transparent base plate composed of glass;
a first encapsulation layer formed on a lower surface of the transparent base plate;
a color film layer disposed on a lower surface of the first encapsulation layer;
a second encapsulation layer formed on a lower surface of the color film layer;
a solar cell layer disposed on a lower surface of the second encapsulation layer;
a third encapsulation layer formed on a lower surface of the solar cell layer; and,
and a back sheet attached to the lower surface of the third encapsulation layer to protect the outer surface of the solar module,
The color film layer is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film; and
It contains a metal or metal oxide deposited on the polyethylene terephthalate film,
The metal oxide is at least one material selected from the group consisting of niobium oxide, silicon oxide, silver oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, and combinations thereof,
The thickness of the color film layer is 125 to 188 ㎛,
The color film layer is a roll-to-roll (Roll to Roll) method can be adopted, so the color film applied solar module is excellent in mass productivity.
The method of claim 1,
The thickness of the transparent base plate is 2 to 6 mm;
The thickness of the first encapsulation layer is 0.2 to 0.8 mm;
The thickness of the color film layer is 100 to 250 ㎛;
The thickness of the second encapsulation layer is 0.2 to 0.8 mm;
The thickness of the solar cell layer is 100 to 200 ㎛;
The thickness of the third encapsulation layer is 0.2 to 0.8 mm; and,
A color film applied solar module, characterized in that the thickness of the back sheet is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
delete delete The method of claim 1,
The color film layer is a color film applied solar module, characterized in that the adhesive force between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer is 50 N/cm or more.
The method of claim 1,
The solar cell layer is a crystalline silicon solar cell, a compound solar cell, a perovskite, a shingled type solar cell, or a color film applied solar cell, characterized in that it is a bus ribbon solar cell to which a black line tape is applied to cover the ribbon electrode .
The method of claim 1,
The back sheet is an insulating PET, a fluorine compound, or polyethylene (Polyethylen) is applied, and the color of the back sheet surface in contact with the third encapsulation layer is a color film applied solar module, characterized in that the black series.
The method of claim 1,
The first to third encapsulation layers are each independently ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyolefin (Polyolefin elastomer, POE).
According to any one of claims 1, 2, and 5 to 8, in the method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module applied with a color film according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
forming a third encapsulation layer on a back sheet that protects the outer surface of the solar module;
stacking a solar cell layer on the third encapsulation layer;
forming a second encapsulation layer on the solar cell layer;
laminating a color film layer on the second encapsulation layer;
forming a first encapsulation layer on the color film layer;
laminating a transparent base plate made of glass on the first encapsulation layer; and,
Comprising the step of performing a lamination (Lamination) process of heating and pressing all the formed layers at the same time,
The thickness of the color film layer is 125 to 188 ㎛,
The color film layer is formed by depositing a metal or metal oxide on a PET film using a thin film deposition method of sputtering, PE-CVD or E-Beam,
The color film layer is a method of manufacturing a color film applied photovoltaic module that is excellent in mass productivity because it is possible to adopt a roll to roll method.
10. The method of claim 9,
The lamination process is a method of manufacturing a color film applied photovoltaic module, characterized in that it is carried out under the conditions of a temperature of 120 to 160 ° C., a vacuum of 300 to 500 seconds, and a pressure of 0.1 to 1 bar, and a holding time of 300 to 800 seconds.
delete delete

Images