KR102346920B1 - Apparatus and method of constructing digital twin - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are an apparatus and method for constructing the digital twin. According to the present invention, the apparatus for constructing the digital twin can comprise: a classification unit classifying a first case requiring simple property information of a building from a second case requiring property information of a reference detail level or higher of the building; an input unit receiving one or more of a first data and/or a second data from an external server storing the first data corresponding to a first image model macroscopically expressing a city including the building and the second data corresponding to a second image model microscopically expressing the building itself; a visualization processing unit processing the first data into a first image based on the first image model; and a control unit which, when the first case is the case, displays the first image, and when the second case is the case, ends the display of the first image, controls the visualization processing unit to process the second data into a second image based on the second image model, and displays the second image. The present invention aims to provide an apparatus and method for constructing the digital twin, which are capable of making data lightweight in accordance with service characteristics and constructing the digital twin based on that.

Description

Digital twin building device and digital twin building method {APPARATUS AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING DIGITAL TWIN}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for building a digital twin and a method for building a digital twin, and more particularly, to a device for constructing a digital twin and a method for constructing a digital twin capable of performing data weight reduction according to service characteristics and building a digital twin based on this will be.

In order to utilize the digital twin software as the city operation management system of a smart city, it is necessary to link the city-scale information model and the facility-level information model. To this end, various studies that attempt to link or integrate between Building Information Modeling (BIM) dealing with building information and Geographical Information System (GIS) dealing with spatial information are being conducted. In particular, a study on the conversion between IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), a standard data model of BIM, and CityGML, a standard data model of GIS, has been attempted, but the characteristics and purpose of use of the two data are very different, so no meaningful research results are derived. to be. Since the data structures of the two data formats are completely different, with the current technology level, only partial integration based on common factors is possible, and it is impossible to implement at a level that can completely provide city data. Furthermore, the integration in the data schema stage of BIM and GIS is technically difficult to implement.

Integration of BIM and GIS in sustainable built environment: A review and bibliometric analysis (Wang, H., Pan, Y., & Luo, X., 2019, Automation in Construction, Volume 103), a thesis that studies the integration between BIM and GIS , pages 41-52) analyzed 76 research cases related to BIM-GIS integration between 2008 and 2018. However, as mentioned in the paper, the integration technology between BIM-GIS has several drawbacks. Also, the paper does not mention the integration of BIM and GIS at the data schema level.

Furthermore, even if data integration is possible, there is a limit in generating a load in the web service environment for public service due to the intrinsic capacity size of the information model. BIM, which contains information on the shape and properties of facilities, has a different amount of information depending on the LOD (Level of Detail) of the model. There are limits.

1 is a diagram illustrating a building shape implemented for each LOD of IFC and CityGML.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the 3D image displayed according to the LOD standard in the IFC standard for buildings and the LOD standard in the CityGML standard for cities is different in overall appearance and detailed shape.

The building shape (a) shown at the far left is a case in which a 3D image is constructed using IFC-based data. In this case, it is possible to express even a fine shape, but it is difficult to construct a digital twin in a city unit because the size is too large due to the nature of the information model.

The three building shapes (d, c, b) sequentially shown from the right are 3D images displayed according to the LOD standard in the CityGML standard, respectively. In this case, the LOD level increases from the rightmost to the left, and correspondingly, the 3D image is expressed even in minute parts.

As such, when a three-dimensional image is constructed using CityGML-based data, the three-dimensional model structure is relatively simple and the data capacity is small. There is a problem that this is necessary.

Integration of BIM and GIS in sustainable built environment: A review and bibliometric analysis (Author: Hao Wang, Yisha Pan, Xiaochun Luo) (Source: Automation in Construction, Volume 103, 41-52 pages, July 1, 2019).

An object to be solved by the present invention is to provide a digital twin building apparatus and a digital twin building method capable of performing data weight reduction according to service characteristics and building a digital twin based on this.

In addition, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a digital twin building apparatus and a digital twin building method that can implement effective integration and linkage between BIM and GIS by performing data integration between BIM and GIS.

A digital twin construction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a classification unit for classifying a first case in which simple attribute information of a building is required and a second case in which attribute information equal to or higher than a reference detail level of the building is required; and first data corresponding to a first image model macroscopically expressing a city including the building and second data corresponding to a second image model expressing the building itself microscopically from an external server in which the first data is stored. an input unit for receiving at least one of data and/or the second data; and a visualization processing unit that image-processes the first data into a first image based on the first image model; and displaying the first image if the case is the first case, and ending the display of the first image if the case is the second case, and then converting the second data to a second data based on the second image model. a control unit for controlling the visualization processing unit to process an image into an image and displaying the second image; may include

In the digital twin building apparatus, the first image model is a Geographical Information System (GIS), the second image model is Building Information Modeling (BIM), and the first data is the CityGML, which is a standard data model of GIS, and the second data is characterized in that IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), which is a standard data model of BIM.

In the digital twin building apparatus, the control unit parses the data file of the IFC corresponding to the BIM, extracts the attribute information for each object, and performs image processing for each object using the extracted attribute information. The visualization processing unit may be controlled to obtain shape information for each object.

In the digital twin building apparatus, the control unit may match and store each of the objects and the shape information corresponding thereto.

In the digital twin building apparatus, when the IFC is processed as the second image based on the BIM, the control unit selects at least one object and displays the shape information corresponding thereto, but the building is displayed. The visualization processing unit may be controlled so that the number of the at least one object selected according to a predetermined level of detail varies.

In the digital twin building apparatus, the attribute information includes at least one of height, origin, direction, and length, and the image processing includes at least one of positioning, surface generation, solid generation, and grouping (objectification) can do.

In the digital twin building apparatus, the reference level of detail is characterized in that LOD (Level of Detail) 4 is.

A digital twin construction method according to another embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of distinguishing a first case in which simple attribute information of a building is required and a second case in which attribute information equal to or higher than a reference detail level of the building is required; and first data corresponding to a first image model macroscopically expressing a city including the building and second data corresponding to a second image model expressing the building itself microscopically from an external server in which the first data is stored. receiving at least one of data and/or the second data; and image processing the first data into a first image based on the first image model; and displaying the first image if the case is the first case, and ending the display of the first image if the case is the second case, and then converting the second data to a second data based on the second image model. processing and displaying an image as an image; may include

In the digital twin building method, the first image model is a Geographical Information System (GIS), the second image model is Building Information Modeling (BIM), and the first data is the CityGML, which is a standard data model of GIS, and the second data is characterized in that IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), which is a standard data model of BIM.

In the digital twin construction method, by parsing the data file of the IFC corresponding to the BIM to extract the attribute information for each object, and performing image processing for each object using the extracted attribute information, the shape for each object information can be obtained.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, data weight reduction according to service characteristics can be performed and a digital twin can be built based on this.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, by performing data integration of BIM and GIS, it is possible to implement effective integration and linkage between BIM and GIS.

1 is a diagram illustrating a building shape implemented for each LOD of IFC and CityGML.
2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a digital twin building apparatus according to the present invention.
3 is a view for explaining a method of generating a model for each object by the digital twin building apparatus according to the present invention.
4 shows an example in which the digital twin building apparatus according to the present invention matches attribute information and shape information for each object.
5 is a diagram for explaining an example in which the digital twin building apparatus according to the present invention integrates and links BIM and GIS according to service characteristics.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating database formation through XML conversion of IFC data in FIG. 5 .
FIG. 7 is a case of performing visualization for each object within the digital twin software in FIG. 5 .
8 is a diagram illustrating a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement them. However, the present invention may be embodied in several different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

In the present specification, duplicate descriptions of the same components will be omitted.

Also, in this specification, when it is said that a certain element is 'connected' or 'connected' to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements in the middle It should be understood that there may be On the other hand, in this specification, when it is mentioned that a certain element is 'directly connected' or 'directly connected' to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle.

In addition, the terms used herein are used only to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Also, in this specification, the singular expression may include the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Also, in this specification, terms such as 'include' or 'have' are only intended to designate that the features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification exist, and one or more It is to be understood that the existence or addition of other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, is not precluded in advance.

Also in this specification, the term 'and/or' includes a combination of a plurality of described items or any item of a plurality of described items. In this specification, 'A or B' may include 'A', 'B', or 'both A and B'.

Also, in this specification, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and configurations that may obscure the gist of the present invention will be omitted.

Building information modeling (BIM) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) provide digital representations of architectural and environmental objects. BIM deals with building information and focuses on the micro-expression of the building itself. GIS deals with spatial information and provides a macroscopic representation of the external environment of a building.

Spatial information for 3D modeling can be largely divided into indoor spatial information and outdoor spatial information. In general, indoor spatial information can be expressed as BIM data, and outdoor spatial information can be expressed as GIS data.

Specifically, BIM creates numerical data by converting buildings into data. In this case, data of the length connecting the start and end points of a line is generated rather than a simple line or surface operation, and the area of the surface is converted into data based on the closed surface.

GIS stores, extracts, manages, and analyzes geographic information that spatially expresses location and non-graphic attribute information that explains and supplements its form and function by linking it with graphic and database management functions. In this case, geographic data occupying a spatial location and related attribute data are integrated and processed.

BIM data used in this specification may refer to all information about buildings used when implementing BIM, such as roads, bridges, and structures, and GIS data also includes general geographic information such as rivers and parks, street lights, crosswalks, Information including parking facilities, Internet of things (IOT) facilities for measuring air pollution, CCTV, etc. may be collectively referred to as information.

Hereinafter, a digital twin building apparatus and a digital twin building method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a digital twin building apparatus according to the present invention.

The digital twin building apparatus 200 according to the present invention may perform data integration of BIM and GIS.

Specifically, in order to build a smart city operation management system that manages city-level management as a whole, it is reasonable to use CityGML's LOD level as a standard, considering the current technology level, A method that partially utilizes IFC is required only for services for the expression of absence information.

The model built at the current CityGML-based LOD 3 level is only available for shape visualization. In addition, although methods for converting BIM object information into GIS surface information have been suggested, additional work is required for the surface model to perform physics simulation, etc.

Therefore, in the present invention, CityGML is used to provide services from LODs 1 to 3, and IFC object data is used at the same location instead of CityGML for services of LOD 4 or higher requiring facility absence information. Specifically, each data is placed in the same location based on one coordinate, but it is implemented as a double layer so as not to interfere with each other, and data input and visualization are performed only when necessary to build a BIM-GIS linkage-based digital twin. can

The digital twin building apparatus 200 according to the present invention may include a classification unit 210 , an input unit 220 , a visualization processing unit 230 , and a control unit 240 .

The classification unit 210 may distinguish a first case in which simple attribute information of a building is required and a second case in which attribute information equal to or higher than the reference detail level of the building is required. Here, the attribute information may include at least one of a height, an origin, a direction, and a length.

According to an embodiment, the reference detail level may be LOD (Level of Detail) 4 .

The input unit 220 receives first data from an external server in which first data corresponding to a first image model macroscopically expressing a city including a building and second data corresponding to a second image model expressing the building itself microscopically are stored. At least one of data and/or second data may be received.

According to an embodiment, the first image model may be a geographic information system (GIS), and the second image model may be a building information modeling (BIM). Also, the first data may be CityGML, a standard data model of GIS, and the second data may be Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), a standard data model of BIM.

The visualization processing unit 230 may image-process the first data as a first image based on the first image model. Here, the image processing may include at least one of positioning, surface generation, solid generation, and grouping (objectification).

The controller 240 displays the first image if the case is the first case, and ends the display of the first image if the case is the second case, and then converts the second data to the second image based on the second image model. The visualization processing unit 230 may be controlled to process and the second image may be displayed.

The controller 240 may acquire shape information for each object. Specifically, the controller 240 parses the IFC data file corresponding to the BIM to extract attribute information for each object, and performs image processing for each object using the extracted attribute information to obtain shape information for each object, visualization The processing unit 230 may be controlled.

In this case, the controller 240 may match each object with shape information corresponding thereto and store it in the database.

The controller 240 may perform visualization for each object. Specifically, the controller 240 may perform visualization on the whole object or visualization on a part of the object. According to an embodiment, when the IFC is processed as the second image based on the BIM, the control unit 240 selects at least one object and displays shape information corresponding thereto, but selects it according to a predetermined level of detail at which the building is displayed. The visualization processing unit 230 may be controlled to change the number of at least one object to be used.

3 is a view for explaining a method of generating a model for each object by the digital twin building apparatus according to the present invention.

The digital twin building apparatus 200 may automatically perform object-based image modeling by extracting element-specific information from the BIM model according to a service provision level.

Specifically, the digital twin building apparatus 200 may extract necessary information from IFC data and generate a model for each object using this. In this case, shape data may be extracted from the IFC data, and image modeling may be automatically performed based on the extracted shape data.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the IFC file (S310) exported from the BIM file is parsed to extract information such as layer, height, origin, direction, and length for each element (S320).

By using the extracted information (S330), each object is visualized through the image model information creation process such as positioning for each element, surface generation, solid generation, and grouping (objectification) (S340).

Finally, shape information corresponding to each element is obtained (S350). For example, the shape information may be implemented in the form of a 3D Engine (SketchUp) file.

4 shows an example in which the digital twin building apparatus according to the present invention matches attribute information and shape information for each object.

The digital twin building apparatus 200 may extract attribute information and match it with an image model for each object. To this end, after allocating an element ID to each object, extracting attribute information for each object, the element ID may be used to match the object with the corresponding attribute information and shape information.

Specifically, FIG. 4 shows an example of a method of matching attribute information and shape information extracted by the method of FIG. 3 using IDs for each element.

By parsing the IFC file 410 exported from the BIM file, the element ID 420 is extracted.

Attribute information 430 corresponding to the same ID as the extracted ID is extracted and matched with the corresponding shape information 440 .

Accordingly, the attribute information is visualized ( 450 ).

The method presented in FIGS. 3 and 4 performs a role similar to that of the IFC Open Shell, a converter provided by bSI of FIG. 5, which will be described later, but is significantly faster in time than the XML-based information extraction method by extracting information directly from the IFC file. method. In addition, the extracted information may be stored separately from shape information and attribute information in the network module of FIG. 5 .

5 is a diagram for explaining an example in which the digital twin building apparatus according to the present invention integrates and links BIM and GIS according to service characteristics.

The digital twin building apparatus 200 may integrate and link BIM and GIS according to service characteristics, and build a digital twin based thereon. Specifically, in response to a use case, a 3D image may be implemented by using an IFC file or a CityGML file based on spatial information of LOD 4 or higher.

The city management manager uploads CityGML file data and IFC file data to an external server (ex: web server). The digital twin construction device 200 distinguishes a use case that requires simple building information confirmation and a use case that utilizes facility object information, and uses CityGML data when simple property information of a building is required. In addition, IFC Geometry is used for use cases that require LOD 4 level facility object information. Here, facility object information is managed using XML format IFC Property only for data required for each use case.

As shown in Fig. 5, the IFC file and the CityGML file are linked within the digital twin software (s/w).

Specifically, FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a data flow at the boundary point when IFC data and CityGML data are used simultaneously, that is, when the LOD 3 service is changed to the LOD 4 service.

CityGML has been converted into a database and has already been visualized in digital twin software (S/W) to provide LOD 3 service.

IFC data is converted into XML format using the IfcOpenShell program from the moment the administrator uploads it, so that attribute information builds a database for each element. In this case, the shape information objectified for each element is converted into an object (OBJ) format and stored in a separate memory.

If the LOD 4 service is executed, the visualization of the previously visualized CityGML data is terminated, and only the information corresponding to the necessary object is called and visualized.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating database formation through XML conversion of IFC data in FIG. 5 .

The generated database 600 is matched with attribute information corresponding thereto for each element.

FIG. 7 is a case of performing visualization for each object within the digital twin software in FIG. 5 .

The left figure 710 is a case in which the entire object is visualized. As shown in the figure, visualization was performed on the entire object 715 .

The right figure 720 is a case in which only a part of the object is visualized. Visualization is performed on the remaining objects except for some objects 725_a, 725_b, and 725_c among all objects 725 .

On the other hand, the digital twin construction method according to the present invention comprises the steps of distinguishing a first case in which simple attribute information of a building is required and a second case in which attribute information equal to or higher than a reference detail level of the building is required; and first data corresponding to a first image model macroscopically expressing a city including the building and second data corresponding to a second image model expressing the building itself microscopically from an external server in which the first data is stored. receiving at least one of data and/or the second data; and image processing the first data into a first image based on the first image model; and displaying the first image if the case is the first case, and ending the display of the first image if the case is the second case, and then converting the second data to a second data based on the second image model. processing and displaying an image as an image; may include

According to an embodiment, the first image model may be a geographic information system (GIS), and the second image model may be a building information modeling (BIM). Also, the first data may be CityGML, which is a standard data model of the GIS, and the second data may be IFC, which is a standard data model of the BIM.

The present invention enables the provision of management data for each use case by request level by linking the BIM information in the IFC format and the CityGML format by level. In this case, various data necessary for city management can be virtualized according to the required level for each use case, so that the optimal service can be provided in terms of the amount of information and the speed of information provision.

The present invention as described above can be applied not only to the urban management service field of a smart city, but also can be applied and applied to the overall industry such as manufacturing.

8 is a diagram illustrating a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The computing device TN100 of FIG. 8 may be the digital twin building device 200 described herein.

In the embodiment of FIG. 8 , the computing device TN100 may include at least one processor TN110 , a transceiver device TN120 , and a memory TN130 . In addition, the computing device TN100 may further include a storage device TN140 , an input interface device TN150 , an output interface device TN160 , and the like. Components included in the computing device TN100 may be connected by a bus TN170 to communicate with each other.

The processor TN110 may execute a program command stored in at least one of the memory TN130 and the storage device TN140. The processor TN110 may mean a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor on which methods according to an embodiment of the present invention are performed. The processor TN110 may be configured to implement procedures, functions, and methods described in connection with an embodiment of the present invention. The processor TN110 may control each component of the computing device TN100.

Each of the memory TN130 and the storage device TN140 may store various information related to the operation of the processor TN110. Each of the memory TN130 and the storage device TN140 may be configured as at least one of a volatile storage medium and a nonvolatile storage medium. For example, the memory TN130 may include at least one of a read only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).

The transceiver TN120 may transmit or receive a wired signal or a wireless signal. The transceiver TN120 may be connected to a network to perform communication.

On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention is not implemented only through the apparatus and/or method described so far, and a program for realizing a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium in which the program is recorded may be implemented. And, such an implementation can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art from the description of the above-described embodiments.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention as defined in the following claims are also presented. It belongs to the scope of the invention.

200: digital twin building device 210: classification unit
220: input unit 230: visualization processing unit
240: control unit

Claims (10)

In the digital twin building apparatus,
a classification unit for classifying a first case in which simple attribute information of a building is required and a second case in which attribute information equal to or higher than the reference detail level of the building is required;
The first data and / or an input unit for receiving at least one of the second data;
a visualization processing unit that image-processes the first data into a first image based on the first image model; and
In case of the first case, the first image is displayed, and in case of the second case, after the display of the first image is finished, the second data is converted into a second image based on the second image model. a control unit for controlling the visualization processing unit to process an image and displaying the second image; including,
When providing a service lower than the reference detail level, the first data is used, and when providing a service higher than the reference detail level requiring information about the absence of a facility, the object data of the second data is used in the same location instead of the first data, To this end, the first data and the second data are arranged at the same position based on one coordinate and implemented as a double layer so as not to interfere with each other, and input and visualization are performed only when necessary,
Digital twin building device. According to claim 1,
The first image model is a geographic information system (Geographical Information System, GIS), the second image model is a building information modeling (Building Information Modeling, BIM),
The first data is CityGML, which is a standard data model of the GIS, and the second data is IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), which is a standard data model of the BIM,
Digital twin building device. 3. The method of claim 2,
The control unit is
The visualization processing unit extracts the attribute information for each object by parsing the data file of the IFC corresponding to the BIM, and obtains shape information for each object by performing image processing for each object using the extracted attribute information to control,
Digital twin building device. 4. The method of claim 3,
The control unit is
Matching and storing each of the objects and the shape information corresponding thereto,
Digital twin building device. 4. The method of claim 3,
The control unit is
When the IFC is processed as the second image based on the BIM, at least one object is selected and the shape information corresponding thereto is displayed, but at least one object selected according to a predetermined detail level at which the building is displayed to control the visualization processing unit so that the number of
Digital twin building device. 4. The method of claim 3,
The attribute information includes at least one of a height, an origin, a direction, and a length,
The image processing includes positioning, surface generation, solid generation and grouping (objectification),
Digital twin building device. According to claim 1,
The reference detail level, characterized in that LOD (Level of Detail) 4,
Digital twin building device. In the digital twin construction method,
distinguishing between a first case in which simple attribute information of a building is required and a second case in which attribute information equal to or higher than a reference detail level of the building is required;
The first data and / or receiving at least one of the second data;
image processing the first data into a first image based on the first image model; and
In case of the first case, the first image is displayed, and in case of the second case, after the display of the first image is finished, the second data is converted into a second image based on the second image model. image processing and display; including,
When providing a service lower than the reference detail level, the first data is used, and when providing a service higher than the reference detail level requiring information about the absence of a facility, the object data of the second data is used in the same location instead of the first data, To this end, the first data and the second data are arranged at the same position based on one coordinate and implemented as a double layer so as not to interfere with each other, and input and visualization are performed only when necessary,
How to build a digital twin. 9. The method of claim 8,
The first image model is a geographic information system (Geographical Information System, GIS), the second image model is a building information modeling (Building Information Modeling, BIM),
The first data is CityGML, which is a standard data model of the GIS, and the second data is IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), which is a standard data model of the BIM,
How to build a digital twin. 10. The method of claim 9,
Obtaining shape information for each object by parsing the data file of the IFC corresponding to the BIM, extracting the attribute information for each object, and performing image processing for each object using the extracted attribute information,
How to build a digital twin.

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