KR102343129B1 - Supply device of cultivating water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a culture water supply device which is capable of: adjusting a state such as a concentration of a nutrient solution according to a type and state of a plant to be cultivated, thereby improving productivity and quality; monitoring, in real-time, a state of culture water and proving the same, thereby maintaining a hydroponics system in an optimal state; and monitoring a state of fish farming water so as to quickly deal with a situation that may occur in a fish farming tank such that it is possible to minimize damage related to fish farming in case of emergency. The culture water supply device is installed in a culture water supply line connected to a culture water recovery line that supplies recovered culture water recovered from a plant to be cultured on the upstream side. The culture water supply device comprises: an intake part through which culture water is introduced; a back pressure part installed on the downstream side of the intake part; and a drain part installed on the downstream side of the back pressure part.

Description

Aquaculture water supply device {Supply device of cultivating water}

The present invention relates to a cultured water supply, and more particularly, it is applied to a hydroponics and aquaponics system, which is a type of smart farm, to supply aquaculture water containing nutrients for improving the productivity of cultivated plants. It is about the aquaculture water supply that makes it possible.

In recent years, the introduction of smart farms is accelerating for reasons such as labor reduction, productivity and quality increase, etc., and as the main base technology of such smart farms, hydroponics technology grown in nutrient solution without soil is actively used.

In this hydroponics technology, the nutrient solution is supplied in direct contact with the plant roots or in the form of wetting the nutrient solution on an inert support that acts as a root support. It has the advantage of being able to grow a variety of plants regardless of soil quality or condition, as it has a fast growth rate and can control the plant growth environment in detail.

Furthermore, aquaponics, a form of new technology in the field of hydroponics, is a circular eco-friendly farming method that uses organic matter generated while raising fish to grow plants hydroponically. It has advantages and is gradually spreading.

As such a prior art, the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. Publication No. 10-2021-0003414 (published on December 12, 2021) relates to an aquaponics cultivation system. It is a technology to grow ginseng by supplying it.

Such prior art has problems such as difficult to cope with when a phenomenon such as excessive supply of nutrients, supply of contaminated water, or lack of nutrients in the main body of the aquaculture tank occurs.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication Publication No. Publication No. 10-2021-0003414 (published on Dec. 12, 2021)

Invented to solve the above problems, the present invention is to provide a cultured water supply that can improve productivity and quality by controlling conditions such as the concentration of nutrient solution according to the type and condition of the plant to be grown it has its purpose

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a cultured water supply that can maintain the hydroponics system in an optimal state by monitoring and providing the state of the aquaculture water in real time.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a cultured water supply capable of minimizing the damage related to the aquaculture in case of emergency by monitoring the state of the aquaculture water to quickly take action in a situation that may occur in the fish tank.

As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention aquaculture water supply,

In the aquaculture water supplying machine installed in the aquaculture water supply line to which the cultured water recovery line supplying the recovered aquaculture water recovered from the plant to be cultivated is connected to the upstream side,

Intake part through which aquaculture water flows in,

A back pressure unit installed on the downstream side of the acquisition unit, and

It characterized in that it is configured to include a drainage unit installed on the downstream side of the back pressure unit.

In addition, an inlet filter installed on the inlet side of the inlet to remove foreign substances from the inflowing aquaculture water, and

It characterized in that it further comprises a drain filter installed on the outlet side of the drain unit to remove foreign substances from the discharged cultured water.

In addition, a water inlet valve installed between the acquisition unit and the back pressure unit to connect and block the supply of aquaculture water from the acquisition unit to the back pressure unit, and

and a drain valve installed between the back pressure part and the drain part to connect and block the supply of aquaculture water from the back pressure part to the drain part.

In addition, the acquisition part water quality sensor installed in the acquisition part,

a back pressure part water quality sensor installed in the back pressure part; and

It is characterized in that it further comprises one or more nutrient solution cartridges installed in the back pressure unit.

In addition, the acquisition part water level sensor installed in the acquisition part,

a back pressure part water level sensor installed in the back pressure part; and

It characterized in that it is configured to further include a water level sensor of the drain part installed in the drain part.

In addition, a water inlet valve that is installed between the acquisition unit and the back pressure unit to connect and block the supply of aquaculture water from the acquisition unit to the back pressure unit,

a drain valve installed between the back pressure part and the drain part to connect and block the supply of cultured water from the back pressure part to the drain part;

The water quality sensor of the water acquisition unit installed in the acquisition unit,

a back pressure part water quality sensor installed in the back pressure part; and

It is characterized in that it further comprises a controller for controlling the water inlet valve and the drain valve by identifying the water quality from the signal detected from the water quality sensor and the water quality sensor in the water acquisition unit.

In addition, one or more nutrient solution cartridges installed in the back pressure unit,

A water level sensor installed in the receiving unit,

a back pressure part water level sensor installed in the back pressure part; and

It is configured to further include a water level sensor installed in the drainage unit,

The controller determines the state of the nutrient solution cartridge, the water level in the acquisition part, the water level in the back pressure part, and the water level in the drain part from the signals detected from the nutrient solution cartridge, the water level sensor in the acquisition part, the water level sensor in the back pressure part, and the water level sensor in the drainage part, It is characterized in that it controls the drain valve, generates an alarm, and controls the amount of nutrient solution supplied.

In addition, a plurality of aquaculture water supply lines that are connected to the upstream side and branched into a plurality of lines are provided with a cultured water recovery line for supplying recovered aquaculture water recovered from the plant to be cultivated on the upstream side,

A storage unit installed in each of the plurality of aquaculture water supply lines,

an inlet filter installed on the inlet side of the storage unit to remove foreign substances from the inflowing aquaculture water; and

It is characterized in that it is configured to include a drain filter installed on the outlet side of the storage unit to remove foreign substances from the discharged cultured water.

In addition, a water quality sensor installed in the storage unit and

It is characterized in that it further comprises one or more nutrient solution cartridges installed in the storage unit.

In addition, it characterized in that it is configured to further include a water level sensor installed in the storage unit.

In addition, an acquisition selection valve module installed on the upstream side of the diverging aquaculture water supply lines to individually control the aquaculture water input to each aquaculture water supply line,

A drain selection valve module installed on the downstream side of the diverging aquaculture water supply lines to individually control the aquaculture water discharged from each aquaculture water supply line;

a water quality sensor installed in the storage unit; and

It is characterized in that it further comprises a controller for controlling the acquisition selection valve module and the drain selection valve module by identifying the water quality from the signal detected from the water quality sensor.

In addition, one or more nutrient solution cartridges installed in the storage unit and

It is configured to further include a water level sensor installed in the storage unit,

The controller determines the state of the nutrient solution cartridge and the water level in the storage unit from the signals detected from the nutrient solution cartridge and the water level sensor to control the inlet selection valve module and the drain selection valve module, generate an alarm, and control the amount of nutrient solution supply do it with

Through the problem solving means as described above, the present inventor's aquaculture water supply can improve productivity and quality by adjusting conditions such as the concentration of nutrient solution according to the type and condition of the plant to be grown, and monitor the condition of the cultured water in real time and By providing this, it is possible to maintain the hydroponics system in an optimal state, and by monitoring the condition of the fisheries, it is possible to quickly take action in situations that may occur in the fish tank, thereby minimizing the damage related to the fisheries in case of emergency. .

1 is a simplified installation view of the aquaculture water supply according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a simplified installation view of another form of aquaculture water supply according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a view schematically showing a cultured water supply according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a simplified installation view of another form of aquaculture water supply according to the present invention.
5 is a view schematically showing another form of aquaculture water supply according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view schematically illustrating a storage unit of the aquaculture water supply unit of FIG. 5 .

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the aquaculture water supply device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a simplified installation diagram of a cultured water supply device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a simplified installation diagram of another type of aquaculture water supply system according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a simplified illustration of a cultured water supply apparatus according to the present invention it is one drawing

As shown in Figure 1, the aquaculture water supply machine (M) according to the present invention is a cultured water supply line (3) that supplies aquaculture water from a freshwater tank (1) to a plant to be cultivated (2) in hydroponics, specifically is installed on the upstream side of the cultured water supply line 3 to which the cultured water recovery line 4 for supplying the recovered aquaculture water recovered from the plant to be grown 2 is connected.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, in an aquaponics system, which is a form of hydroponics using a naturally occurring nitrate by providing a fish tank 5, aquaculture water from the fish tank 5 to the plant to be cultivated (2) to the aquaculture water supply line 3 that is connected to the aquaculture water supply line 3 that supplies is installed

As described above, the cultured water supply device (M) according to the present invention is installed in the cultured water circulation system that supplies cultured water to the plant(s) to be cultivated (2), collects it again, reprocesses it, and then supplies it to the plant(s) to be cultivated (2). It is a device that can be easily installed and applied while supplying optimal aquaculture water to the plants to be cultivated (2).

A separate control valve 6 is installed in the aquaculture water supply line 3 to control the amount of freshwater supplied to the freshwater tank 1 and aquaculture water circulated through the aquaculture water recovery line 4 .

Looking at the detailed configuration of the aquaculture water supply device (M) according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 , first, the aquaculture water supply device (M) according to the present invention includes an acquisition unit 10 through which aquaculture water flows, and the acquisition It consists of a back pressure part 20 installed on the downstream side of the part 10 and a drain part 30 installed on the downstream side of the back pressure part 20 .

Here, the acquisition unit 10, the back pressure unit 20 and the drain unit 30 take the form of a pipe or a water tank, have a predetermined space portion, and are configured to store or receive a certain amount of aquaculture water. Through this, uniformity of the concentration of cultured water is sought.

In addition, the cultured water supply (M) according to the present invention is installed on the inlet side of the acquisition part 10 to remove foreign substances from the inflowing aquaculture water, the acquisition filter 11, and the outlet side of the drain part 30 It further includes a drain filter (31) installed in the aquaculture water to remove foreign substances.

Here, the intake filter 11 filters solid foreign substances of a certain size or more included in the acquired aquaculture water, and an outlet is provided on one side, specifically, the lower side to discharge the filtered foreign substances every predetermined period, and is necessary When the on/off valve (not shown) installed at the outlet is opened, the filter can perform its function by discharging unfiltered solid foreign substances to the outside.

The drain filter 31 filters solid foreign substances of a certain size or more contained in the aquaculture water to be drained, and, like the inlet filter 11, an outlet has one side, specifically, to discharge the filtered foreign substances every predetermined period. provided at the bottom. In particular, the drain filter 31 removes smaller foreign substances that are not removed from the inlet filter 11 or foreign substances deposited later. Like the inlet filter 11, if necessary, open an on-off valve (not shown) installed at the outlet to discharge unfiltered solid foreign substances to the outside, so that the filter can perform its function.

In addition, the aquaculture water supply device (M) according to the present invention is installed between the acquisition unit 10 and the back pressure unit 20 to connect and block the supply of cultured water from the acquisition unit 10 to the back pressure unit 20. A valve 40 and a drain valve 50 installed between the back pressure part 20 and the drain part 30 to connect and block the supply of cultured water from the back pressure part 20 to the drain part 30 is further provided. do.

Here, the water inlet valve 40 is configured to measure the quality of the water in the obtaining unit 10 as described below, and if there is no abnormality in the result, it is opened to transmit the cultured water to the back pressure unit 20 or to adjust the water supply amount. And it is configured to be able to control the opening and closing and opening degree (開度) in a communication or current control method in the controller 60 to be described later.

The drain valve 50 is similarly configured to measure the water quality of the back pressure unit 20 and open when there is no abnormality in the result to transmit the cultured water to the drain unit 30 or to adjust the water supply amount, and the controller 60 ) is configured to control its opening and closing and opening by communication or current control method.

The water inlet valve 40 and the drain valve 50 move up and down or left and right to block or partition the water inlet 10 and the back pressure 20, the back pressure 20 and the drain 30, respectively, Preferably, a sliding valve in the form of a blocking membrane or a blocking wall or a rotating butterfly valve is used, which moves vertically, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and a general fluid shutoff valve may be used if necessary.

In addition, the cultured water supply device (M) according to the present invention includes a water quality sensor 12 installed in the acquisition unit 10, a water quality sensor 21 installed in the back pressure unit 20, and the It further includes one or more nutrient solution cartridges 22 installed in the back pressure unit 20 .

Here, the water quality sensor 12 of the acquisition unit is for measuring the state of the aquaculture water introduced into the acquisition unit 10, and measures water temperature, pH, DO, EC, nitrate concentration, etc., and a controller 60 to be described later. ), and generates aquaculture water supply and supply amount control or alarm to the back pressure unit 20 according to the measurement result. In particular, the state of the fish tank 5 is checked in the aquaponics system through the water quality sensor 12 of the acquisition unit, and an alarm is generated when an abnormality occurs by comparing the input data value of the normal state with the detected data value. It is possible to take quick action such as

The back pressure part water quality sensor 21 is for measuring the state of the aquaculture water introduced into the back pressure part 20, and measures water temperature, pH, DO, EC, nitrate concentration, etc., and includes a controller 60 to be described later. It is connected to communicate, and according to the measurement result, the supply of cultured water to the drainage unit 30 and control of the supply amount or an alarm are generated.

The nutrient solution cartridge 22 is for supplying the main nutrient solution necessary for the plant 2 to be grown other than nitrate, and can be easily attached and detached by adopting the cartridge method, as well as the number of cartridges can be varied. In addition, it is possible to selectively apply different cartridges or the same cartridge depending on the nutrient solution, and a nutrient solution level sensor (not shown) is built in to monitor the amount of nutrient solution in the cartridge.

In addition, the aquaculture water supply device (M) according to the present invention includes a water level sensor 13 installed in the acquisition unit 10, a water level sensor 23 installed in the back pressure unit 20, and the It further includes a drain level sensor 32 installed in the drain 30 .

Through this, the water level in the acquisition unit 10, the back pressure unit 20, and the drain unit 30 is measured, and the controller 60 is connected to the process such as monitoring and supply of the nutrient solution at a predetermined water level or higher.

In addition, as described above, the cultured water supply (M) according to the present invention grasps the water quality from the signals detected from the water quality sensor 12 and the water quality sensor 21 of the water acquisition unit, and the water supply valve 40 and the drainage. A controller 60 for controlling the valve 50 is further provided, and the controller 60 includes the nutrient solution cartridge 22 , the water level sensor 13 in the receiving unit, the water level sensor in the back pressure unit 23 , and the water level in the drain unit. From the signal detected by the sensor 32, the state of the nutrient solution cartridge 22, the water level of the water receiving unit 10, the water level of the back pressure unit 20, and the water level of the drain unit 30 are identified, and the water inlet valve 40 and the drain valve The control process of (50) control, alarm generation, nutrient solution supply amount control, etc. is performed.

In addition, the controller 60 enables direct control of the main connection device and data transmission/reception with an external device at the same time, and is configured to enable data confirmation and operation control by separately providing an LCD and a touch panel.

Hereinafter, in addition to the series method described above, a specific embodiment of the parallel method as an application example of the aquaculture water supply (M) according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 4 is a simplified installation view of another form of the aquaculture water supply (M) according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a view schematically showing another form of the cultured water supply (M) according to the present invention, Figure 6 is It is a diagram schematically illustrating the storage unit 70 of the aquaculture water supply unit M of FIG. 5 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , in the cultured water supply M according to the present invention, the cultured water recovery line 4 for supplying the recovered cultured water recovered from the plant to be grown 2 is connected to the upstream side, and A plurality of aquaculture water supply lines 3 branched into a plurality of lines are provided.

On the upstream side of the aquaculture water supply line 3, only a fresh water tank or both a fresh water tank and a fish tank are installed.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 , the cultured water supply M according to the present invention includes a storage unit 70 installed in each of the plurality of cultured water supply lines 3 , and an inlet of the storage unit 70 . A water intake filter 11 installed on the side to remove foreign substances from the inflowing cultured water, and a drain filter 31 installed on the outlet side of the storage unit 70 to remove foreign substances from the discharged cultured water are provided.

Here, the storage unit 70 takes the form of a pipe or a water tank, and has a predetermined space portion and is configured to store or receive a certain amount of aquaculture water. Through this, uniformity of the concentration of cultured water is sought.

The intake filter 11 filters solid foreign substances of a certain size or more contained in the aquaculture water received into the storage unit 70, and the outlet port is on one side, specifically the lower side, so that the filtered foreign substances can be discharged every predetermined period. It is provided in the air filter, and when necessary, by opening an on/off valve (not shown) installed at the outlet to discharge unfiltered solid foreign substances to the outside, the filter can perform its function.

The drain filter 31 filters solid foreign substances of a certain size or more contained in the aquaculture water drained from the storage unit 70, and, like the inflow filter 11, can discharge the filtered foreign substances at regular intervals. The outlet is provided on one side, specifically on the lower side. In particular, the drain filter 31 removes smaller foreign substances that are not removed from the inlet filter 11 or foreign substances deposited later. In addition, like the inlet filter 11, if necessary, by opening the on-off valve (not shown) installed in the outlet to discharge the unfiltered solid foreign matter to the outside, so that the filter can perform its function.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6 , the cultured water supply M according to the present invention includes a water quality sensor 71 installed in the storage unit 70 , and one or more nutrient solution cartridges installed in the storage unit 70 . (22) is provided.

Here, the water quality sensor 71 is for measuring the state of the aquaculture water introduced into the storage unit 70, measures water temperature, pH, DO, EC, nitrate concentration, etc., and communicates with the controller 60 to be described later. and to generate aquaculture water supply and supply amount control or alarm to the back pressure unit 20 according to the measurement result. In particular, the state of the fish tank 5 is checked in the aquaponics system through the water quality sensor 71, and an alarm is generated when an abnormality occurs by comparing the input data value of the normal state with the detected data value. Rapid action is possible.

The nutrient solution cartridge 22 is for supplying main nutrient solutions required for cultivation target plants other than nitrate, and can be easily attached and detached by adopting a cartridge method, and the number of cartridges can be varied. Also, depending on the nutrient solution, different cartridges or the same cartridge can be applied, and the nutrient solution level sensor is built in to monitor the amount of nutrient solution in the cartridge.

In addition, the cultured water supply (M) according to the present invention further includes a water level sensor (72) installed in the storage (70).

Through this, the water level in the storage unit 70 is measured, and the process such as monitoring and supply of the nutrient solution is connected to the controller 60 above a certain level.

In addition, the aquaculture water supply machine (M) according to the present invention is installed on the upstream side of the branched plurality of aquaculture water supply lines (3) to individually control the aquaculture water input to each aquaculture water supply line (3) The selection valve module 80 and the drainage selection valve module 90 installed on the downstream side of the diverging aquaculture water supply lines 3 to individually control the aquaculture water discharged from each cultured water supply line 3 . ) and, by grasping the water quality from the signal detected from the water quality sensor 71 , further comprising a controller 60 for controlling the inlet selection valve module 80 and the drain selection valve module 90 .

Here, the acquisition selection valve module 80 is configured to measure the water quality of the storage unit 70 and, if there is no abnormality in the result, open to send or receive cultured water to the plant for cultivation (2) or to control the amount of water supply, The controller 60 is configured to control its opening and closing and opening by a communication or current control method.

In addition, the acquisition selection valve module 80 is made up of a plurality of valve sets that can control each of a plurality of cultured water supply lines 3 , and can increase utilization by controlling each valve through the controller 60 . .

The drain selection valve module 90 is similarly configured to measure the water quality of the storage unit 70, and if there is no abnormality in the result, it is opened to transmit the cultured water to the plant for cultivation (2) or to control the amount of water flow. It is configured to be able to control the opening and closing and the opening degree (開度) in the controller (60) in a communication or current control method.

In addition, the drain selection valve module 90 also consists of a plurality of valve sets capable of controlling a plurality of cultured water supply lines 3, respectively, similarly to the acquisition selection valve module 80, and each through the controller 60 By controlling the valve of

The controller 60 determines the state of the nutrient solution cartridge 22 and the water level in the storage unit 70 from the signals detected from the nutrient solution cartridge 22 and the water level sensor 72, and the acquisition selection valve module 80 and It controls the drain selection valve module 90, generates an alarm, and controls the amount of nutrient solution supplied.

The aquaculture water supply (M) of the parallel type according to the present invention as described above requires a large amount of flow rate or has a large flow rate fluctuation range (eg, a small flow rate is required during a specific period, and a large flow rate is required during another specific period. If supply is required), it is possible to cultivate plants, and there are effects such as simultaneous cultivation of various plants.

Through the configuration as described above, the present inventor's cultured water supply (M) can improve productivity and quality by adjusting conditions such as the concentration of nutrient solution according to the type and condition of the plant to be grown, and monitor the condition of the cultured water in real time And, it is possible to maintain the hydroponics system in an optimal state by providing there will be

M: Aquaculture water supply
1: Freshwater tank 2: Plants to be cultivated
3: Aquaculture water supply line 4: Aquaculture water return line
5: Fish tank 6: Control valve
10: intake unit 11: intake filter
12: water acquisition part water quality sensor 13: water acquisition part water level sensor
20: back pressure unit 21: back pressure unit water quality sensor
22: nutrient solution cartridge 23: back pressure part water level sensor
30: drain 31: drain filter
32: drain level sensor
40: inlet valve
50: drain valve
60: controller
70: storage unit 71: water quality sensor
72: water level sensor
80: inlet selection valve module
90: drain select valve module

Claims (12)

In the aquaculture water supply device installed in the aquaculture water supply line connected to the aquaculture water recovery line supplying the recovered aquaculture water recovered from the plant to be grown upstream,
Intake part through which aquaculture water flows in,
A back pressure unit installed on the downstream side of the acquisition unit,
a drainage unit installed on a downstream side of the back pressure unit;
an inlet filter installed on the inlet side of the inlet to remove foreign substances from the inflowing aquaculture water;
A drain filter installed on the outlet side of the drain unit to remove foreign substances from the discharged cultured water,
A water inlet valve installed between the obtaining unit and the back pressure unit to connect and block the supply of aquaculture water from the water receiving unit to the back pressure unit,
A drain valve installed between the back pressure part and the drain part to connect and block the supply of aquaculture water from the back pressure part to the drain part;
The water quality sensor of the water acquisition unit installed in the acquisition unit,
a back pressure part water quality sensor installed in the back pressure part;
One or more nutrient solution cartridges installed in the back pressure unit,
A water level sensor installed in the receiving unit,
a back pressure part water level sensor installed in the back pressure part;
a water level sensor installed in the drainage unit;
A water inlet valve installed between the obtaining unit and the back pressure unit to connect and block the supply of aquaculture water from the water receiving unit to the back pressure unit,
A drain valve installed between the back pressure part and the drain part to connect and block the supply of aquaculture water from the back pressure part to the drain part;
The water quality sensor of the water acquisition unit installed in the acquisition unit,
a back pressure part water quality sensor installed in the back pressure part;
A controller for controlling the water intake valve and the drain valve by grasping the water quality from the signals detected from the water quality sensor of the water acquisition unit and the water quality sensor of the back pressure unit,
One or more nutrient solution cartridges installed in the back pressure unit,
A water level sensor installed in the receiving unit,
a back pressure part water level sensor installed in the back pressure part; and
It is configured to include a water level sensor in the drainage unit installed in the drainage unit,
The controller determines the state of the nutrient solution cartridge, the water level in the acquisition part, the water level in the back pressure part, and the water level in the drainage part from the signals detected from the nutrient solution cartridge, the water level sensor in the acquisition part, the water level sensor in the back pressure part, and the water level sensor in the drainage part, It controls the drain valve, generates an alarm, and controls the amount of nutrient solution supply.
The acquisition part, the back pressure part, and the drain part are each configured to have a certain space part and store cultured water,
The controller is opened when the water quality of the water inlet valve is measured and the result is not abnormal, and the cultured water is sent to the back pressure section, and the drain valve measures the water quality of the back pressure section and is opened when there is no abnormality according to the result. The aquaculture water should be sent to the drainage unit,
The controller measures the water level in the acquisition part, the back pressure part, and the drainage part through the acquisition part water level sensor, the back pressure part water level sensor, and the drainage part water level sensor, and monitors and supplies the nutrient solution above a certain water level. to do
Aquaculture Water Supply Machine
delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete

Images