KR102339344B1 - 다층형 알루미늄-함유 보호 코팅 및 부품 - Google Patents

다층형 알루미늄-함유 보호 코팅 및 부품 Download PDF

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KR102339344B1
KR102339344B1 KR1020197016670A KR20197016670A KR102339344B1 KR 102339344 B1 KR102339344 B1 KR 102339344B1 KR 1020197016670 A KR1020197016670 A KR 1020197016670A KR 20197016670 A KR20197016670 A KR 20197016670A KR 102339344 B1 KR102339344 B1 KR 102339344B1
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렌테리아 아르투로 플로레스
지모네 프리들
톨스텐 네드마이어
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지멘스 악티엔게젤샤프트
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    • C23C28/34Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
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Abstract

PVD-AlTiN 코팅에 있어서 금속 기재 위에 특히 알루미늄 합금을 사용하면 우수한 부식 및 침식 방지가 보장된다.

Description

다층형 알루미늄-함유 보호 코팅 및 부품
본 발명은 적어도 2층으로서 형성된 보호 층, 및 그의 상응하는 부품에 관한 것이다.
가스 터빈의 압축기 부품을 부식 작용으로부터 보호하기 위해, 알루미늄 입자를 함유하는 고온 래커를 종종 사용한다. 코팅은 낮은 총경도(integral hardness)(약 50 Hv)를 갖기 때문에, 입자 침식 또는 액적-충돌 침식으로 인해 내침식성도 비교적 약하다. 낮은 총경도는 주로 층 내의 연질 알루미늄으로 인한 것이다. 그 결과, 이러한 부품을 정기적으로 탈-코팅하고, 시험하고, 재-코팅해야 한다.
이러한 부품을 현재는 특정한 시간 간격으로 침식에 대해 검사하고, 필요하다면, 탈-코팅하고, 동일한 코팅 시스템으로 재-코팅한다.
그러므로 본 발명의 목적은 상기 문제를 해결하는 것이다.
이러한 목적은 청구항 1에 따른 층 및 청구항 4에 따른 부품에 의해 달성된다.
추가의 이점을 달성하기 위해 임의의 방식으로 서로 조합될 수 있는 추가의 유리한 수단들이 종속항에 열거된다.
내침식성이 개선되면, 개장 간격이 연장될 수 있을 것이고, 그러므로 경쟁 우위가 달성될 수 있을 것이다.
도면 및 설명은 단지 본 발명의 예시적 실시양태를 나타낼 뿐이다.
내침식성을 증진하기 위해, 코팅 시스템, 구체적으로는 선행 기술의 알루미늄 입자를 함유하는 고온 래커를 신규한 코팅 시스템으로 대체할 것이 제안된다. 신규한 코팅 시스템은 기재에 캐소드 부식 방지를 제공하는 연질 기저 층(Al, Zr, Al-Zr 또는 Al-합금 또는 Zr-합금)과; 증진된 내부식성 및 내침식성을 갖는 경질(TiAlN)/인성(AlTiN) 다층형 커버 층;으로 이루어진다.
그러므로, 신규한 코팅 시스템은 증진된 내침식성을 제공할 것이며, 여기서 부식 방지는 현존 층 시스템과 동일하게 유지된다.
추가의 이점은 더 우수한 인성을 갖는 AlTiN-층에서 입자 또는 수적의 충격 에너지는 "흡수되고", 더 경질인 TiAlN-층을 다층형 층 시스템으로서 함께 사용하면, 코팅된 부품의 내침식성이 증진된다는 것이다.
이러한 층의 추가의 이점은
- 기저 층 및 커버 층을 코팅 공정(예컨대 PVD, 스퍼터링 등)에서 구현할 수 있고,
- 기저 층은 단독으로는 매우 약한 내부식성을 갖기 때문에, 필요하다면, 탈-코팅을 화학적으로 수행할 수 있다는 것이다.
제안된 층 시스템은 캐소드 부식 방지를 제공하는 연질 기저 층 및 침식 방지를 제공하는 경질 커버 층을 갖는다. 이러한 층들은 함께 도포되면 시너지 효과를 나타낸다. 연질 층은 입자/액적의 충격 에너지를 "흡수하고", 그러므로 커버 층의 내침식성은 더욱 더 우수하게 되고, 경질 커버 층은 증진된 내부식성을 가지므로, 기저 층 및 기재를 부식 작용으로부터 보호한다.
결과적으로, 층을 PVD-코팅 공정을 사용하여 도포할 수 있고, 여기서 층 두께는 10 μm 내지 20 μm일 수 있고, 따라서 부품의 윤곽에 잘 맞는다.
층의 열 처리는 필요하지 않다.
PVD-층의 조도는 낮은 것으로 공지되어 있고, 이는 공기역학적 관점에서 이점을 가져다 줄 것이다.
도면은, 특히 터빈, 특히 가스 터빈의 압축기 블레이드의 경우에 사용되는, 본 발명에 따른 층(20)을 보여준다.
보호 층 시스템(20)을 갖는 부품(1)은 바람직하게는 금속성 기재(4)를 갖는다. 그러나, 기재(4)는 또한 CMC 또는 CFK로 이루어질 수 있다. 기재(4)의 재료는 바람직하게는 터빈, 가스 터빈의 압축기 블레이드의 경우에 또는 압축기를 위해서도 사용되는 것과 같은 강이다.
기재(4)의 표면(5)에는 바람직하게는 직접 알루미늄-함유 또는 지르코늄-함유 하부 층(7)이 도포된다. 바람직하게는 단지 1개의 하부 층(7)만이 존재한다.
하부 층(7)은 단지 알루미늄(Al)만 또는 알루미늄 합금 또는 알루미늄-지르코늄 합금(Al-Zr)을 또는 단지 지르코늄(Zr)만 또는 지르코늄 합금을 포함할 수 있다.
하부 층(7)은 바람직하게는 적어도 부분적으로 확산 층으로서 존재한다.
최외부 층으로서는 TiAlN 층(11) 및 AlTiN 층(12)이 도포된다.
바람직하게는 TiAlN-층(11, 11') 및 AlTiN-층(12, 12')으로 이루어진 다중 층들이 교대로 도포된다.
바람직하게는 단지 TiAlN 및 AlTin만이 사용된다.

Claims (6)

  1. 보호 층 시스템(20; 7, 11, 12, 11', 12', ...)이며, 보호 층 시스템(20)은 기재(4) 위에 그리고/또는 안에 저부 알루미늄-함유 또는 지르코늄-함유 하부 층(7)과; 적어도 TiAlN(11, 11', ...) 및 AlTiN(12, 12', ...)으로 이루어진 외부 다층형 교대 커버 층(11, 12, 11', 12', ...);을 포함하고, 하부 층(7)은 단지 알루미늄(Al)만 또는 알루미늄 합금 또는 알루미늄-지르코늄 합금을 또는 단지 지르코늄(Zr)만 또는 지르코늄 합금을 포함하고,
    하부 층(7)은 외부 다층형 교대 커버 층(11, 12, 11', 12', ...)보다 연질인, 보호 층 시스템.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 단지 1개의 하부 층(7)만을 포함하는, 보호 층 시스템.
  3. 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, TiAlN(11) 및 AlTiN(12)으로 이루어진 적어도 1개의 이중 층을 포함하는, 보호 층 시스템.
  4. 제1항 또는 제2항에서 청구된 바와 같은 보호 층 시스템을 갖는 부품(1)이며, 부품(1)의 기재(4)의 재료는 금속성인, 부품.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 하부 층(7)은 기재(4) 바로 위에 그리고/또는 안에 배치되는, 부품.
  6. 제4항에 있어서, 하부 층(7)은 적어도 부분적으로 확산 층으로서 형성되는, 부품.
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CN110023540A (zh) 2019-07-16
EP3510180A1 (de) 2019-07-17
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