KR102334542B1 - Reliquefaction system - Google Patents

Reliquefaction system Download PDF

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KR102334542B1
KR102334542B1 KR1020170071652A KR20170071652A KR102334542B1 KR 102334542 B1 KR102334542 B1 KR 102334542B1 KR 1020170071652 A KR1020170071652 A KR 1020170071652A KR 20170071652 A KR20170071652 A KR 20170071652A KR 102334542 B1 KR102334542 B1 KR 102334542B1
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gas
line
pressure
cooler
fluid
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KR1020170071652A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20180134456A (en
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이원두
윤호병
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삼성중공업 주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
    • F25J1/009—Hydrocarbons with four or more carbon atoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
    • F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0294—Multiple compressor casings/strings in parallel, e.g. split arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/90—Mixing of components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/90—Boil-off gas from storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/02—Mixing or blending of fluids to yield a certain product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/04—Recovery of liquid products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/62—Ethane or ethylene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/64—Propane or propylene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/66—Butane or mixed butanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
    • F25J2280/02—Control in general, load changes, different modes ("runs"), measurements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/12—Particular process parameters like pressure, temperature, ratios

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

재액화 시스템이 개시된다. 본 발명의 실시 예에 의한 재액화 시스템은 액화가스 및 액화가스의 증발가스를 저장하는 저장탱크; 압축기와 제1냉각기가 교대로 배치되며, 증발가스를 포함하는 기상의 유체를 공급받아 제1압력으로 압축시키는 압축부; 제1압력으로 압축된 유체를 열교환부로 보내어 재액화하는 재액화라인; 제1냉각기를 우회하고 압축부 중 설정된 개수의 압축기만을 서로 연결하는 연결라인; 및 제2냉각기가 배치되고, 압축부의 설정된 지점으로부터 분기되어 재액화라인과 연결되는 분기라인;을 포함하되, 저장탱크에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 부탄인 경우, 부탄의 증발가스는 선택적으로 연결라인 상의 압축기를 통해 제1압력보다 낮은 제2압력으로 압축되고, 분기라인의 제2냉각기를 거쳐 냉각된 후, 재액화라인을 통해 열교환부로 공급되어 재액화된다.A reliquefaction system is disclosed. Reliquefaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a storage tank for storing liquefied gas and boil-off gas of the liquefied gas; a compression unit in which a compressor and a first cooler are alternately disposed, and receives a gaseous fluid including boil-off gas and compresses it to a first pressure; a re-liquefaction line for re-liquefying the fluid compressed by the first pressure by sending it to the heat exchange unit; a connection line bypassing the first cooler and connecting only a set number of compressors among the compression units; and a branch line in which the second cooler is disposed, branched from the set point of the compression unit and connected to the re-liquefaction line; but, when the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank is butane, the boil-off gas of butane is selectively connected to the line It is compressed to a second pressure lower than the first pressure through the compressor of the upper phase, cooled through the second cooler of the branch line, and then supplied to the heat exchange unit through the reliquefaction line to be reliquefied.

Description

재액화 시스템{RELIQUEFACTION SYSTEM}reliquefaction system {RELIQUEFACTION SYSTEM}

본 발명은 재액화 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a reliquefaction system.

온실가스 및 각종 대기오염 물질의 배출에 대한 국제해사기구(IMO, International Maritime Organization)의 규제가 강화됨에 따라 조선 및 해운업계에서는 기존 연료인 중유, 디젤유의 이용을 대신하여, 청정 에너지원인 천연가스를 선박의 연료가스로 이용하는 경우가 많아지고 있다.As the International Maritime Organization (IMO)'s regulations on the emission of greenhouse gases and various air pollutants have been strengthened, the shipbuilding and shipping industry has replaced natural gas as a clean energy source instead of using heavy oil and diesel oil, which are the existing fuels. It is increasingly used as fuel gas for ships.

연료가스 중에서 널리 이용되고 있는 천연가스(Natural Gas)는 메탄(Methane)을 주성분으로 하며, 통상적으로 그 부피를 1/600로 줄인 액화가스(Liquefied Gas) 상태로 변환시켜 저장 및 운반을 하고 있다.Natural gas, which is widely used among fuel gas, has methane as its main component, and is stored and transported by converting it into liquefied gas, which is usually reduced in volume by 1/600.

이러한 액화가스는 선체에 단열 처리되어 설치되는 저장탱크에 수용되어 저장 및 수송되며, 선박의 엔진은 액화가스 또는 증발가스(Boiled Off Gas)를 연료가스로 공급받아 구동된다. 여기서, 선박의 추진용 또는 선박의 발전용으로 DFDE(Dual Fuel Disel Electric) 엔진 등과 같은 저압(약 5~8bar)의 분사엔진 및 ME-GI 엔진(Man B&W 사의 Gas Injection 엔진)과 같은 고압(약 150~400bar)의 분사엔진이 널리 이용되고 있다. 또한 중압(약 16~18bar)의 연료가스로 연소가 가능한 중압가스 분사엔진이 개발되어 이용되고 있다. This liquefied gas is stored and transported by being accommodated in a storage tank installed in the hull with insulation treatment, and the engine of the ship is driven by receiving liquefied gas or Boiled Off Gas as fuel gas. Here, for propulsion of ships or power generation of ships, low pressure (about 5 to 8 bar) injection engines such as DFDE (Dual Fuel Disel Electric) engines and high pressure (about 150-400 bar) injection engines are widely used. In addition, a medium pressure gas injection engine capable of combustion with fuel gas of medium pressure (about 16 to 18 bar) has been developed and used.

한편, 선박은 에탄(Ethane), 프로판(Propane), 프로필렌(Propylene), 부탄(Butane), 프로판과 부탄을 주성분으로 하는 LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) 등 다양한 종류의 액화가스를 저장탱크에 각각 저장하여 운반할 수 있다. 여기서, 에탄(끓는점 ―89℃), 프로판(끓는점 ―42.07℃), 프로필렌(끓는점 ―47.6℃), 부탄(끓는점 ―1℃)은 각각 끊는점이 다르다. Meanwhile, the ship stores various types of liquefied gas such as ethane, propane, propylene, butane, and LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) containing propane and butane as main components in storage tanks. can be transported Here, ethane (boiling point -89 ℃), propane (boiling point -42.07 ℃), propylene (boiling point -47.6 ℃), butane (boiling point -1 ℃) is different, respectively.

또, 선박에는 액화가스의 증발가스를 재액화하여 저장탱크에 재저장하는 재액화 설비를 마련하고 있다. 예컨대, 한국공개특허 제10-2012-0103421호(2012. 09. 19. 공개)는 저장탱크에서 발생한 증발가스를 압축기에서 압축한 후 재액화 장치에서 액화시키는 시스템을 제시한다.In addition, the vessel is provided with a re-liquefaction facility for re-liquefying boil-off gas of liquefied gas and re-storing it in a storage tank. For example, Korean Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2012-0103421 (published on September 19, 2012) proposes a system in which boil-off gas generated in a storage tank is compressed in a compressor and then liquefied in a re-liquefaction apparatus.

이때, 저장탱크에 저장된 기존 액화가스와 다른 끊는점을 갖는 액화가스를 저장탱크에 저장할 경우, 해당 액화가스에 맞는 재액화 시스템을 다시 설치해야 하는 문제점이 있다.At this time, when liquefied gas having a different boiling point from the existing liquefied gas stored in the storage tank is stored in the storage tank, there is a problem in that a re-liquefaction system suitable for the liquefied gas must be installed again.

한국공개특허 제10-2012-0103421호(2012. 09. 19. 공개)Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0103421 (published on September 19, 2012)

본 발명의 실시 예는 선박의 저장탱크에 저장된 액화가스의 종류에 따라 하나의 통합된 시스템에 마련된 각각 대응되는 라인 상의 장비에 의해 재액화 과정이 수행되도록 하는 재액화 시스템을 제공하고자 한다. An embodiment of the present invention is to provide a reliquefaction system in which a reliquefaction process is performed by equipment on each corresponding line provided in one integrated system according to the type of liquefied gas stored in a storage tank of a ship.

본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 액화가스 및 상기 액화가스의 증발가스를 저장하는 저장탱크; 압축기와 제1냉각기가 교대로 배치되며, 상기 증발가스를 포함하는 기상의 유체를 공급받아 제1압력으로 압축시키는 압축부; 상기 제1압력으로 압축된 유체를 열교환부로 보내어 재액화하는 재액화라인; 상기 제1냉각기를 우회하고 상기 압축부 중 설정된 개수의 압축기만을 서로 연결하는 연결라인; 및 제2냉각기가 배치되고, 상기 압축부의 설정된 지점으로부터 분기되어 재액화라인과 연결되는 분기라인;을 포함하되, 상기 저장탱크에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 부탄인 경우, 상기 부탄의 증발가스는 선택적으로 상기 연결라인 상의 압축기를 통해 상기 제1압력보다 낮은 제2압력으로 압축되고, 상기 분기라인의 제2냉각기를 거쳐 냉각된 후, 상기 재액화라인을 통해 상기 열교환부로 공급되어 재액화되는 재액화 시스템이 제공될 수 있다.According to an aspect of the present invention, a storage tank for storing liquefied gas and boil-off gas of the liquefied gas; a compression unit in which a compressor and a first cooler are alternately disposed, and receives a gaseous fluid containing the boil-off gas and compresses it to a first pressure; a re-liquefaction line for re-liquefying the fluid compressed by the first pressure by sending it to a heat exchange unit; a connection line bypassing the first cooler and connecting only a set number of compressors among the compression units; and a branch line in which a second cooler is disposed, branched from the set point of the compression unit and connected to a re-liquefaction line; but, when the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank is butane, the boil-off gas of butane is optional reliquefaction that is compressed to a second pressure lower than the first pressure through a compressor on the connection line, cooled through a second cooler of the branch line, and then supplied to the heat exchange unit through the reliquefaction line to be reliquefied A system may be provided.

상기 연결라인은 1단 압축기 후단의 2단 압축기 및 3단 압축기를 서로 병렬로 연결하고, 상기 연결라인 상의 압축기를 거쳐 상기 분기라인을 통해 상기 제2냉각기로 유입되는 유체의 압력은 2.5 내지 3.5 barA인 것을 특징으로 할 수 있다.The connection line connects the second stage compressor and the third stage compressor at the rear end of the first stage compressor in parallel with each other, and the pressure of the fluid flowing into the second cooler through the branch line through the compressor on the connection line is 2.5 to 3.5 barA It can be characterized as being.

상기 저장탱크로부터 공급받은 증발가스를 포함하는 유체를 기상과 액상으로 분리시키는 제1기액분리기와, 상기 재액화라인의 열교환부를 거친 유체를 감압시키는 제1감압밸브와, 상기 감압된 유체를 기상과 액상으로 분리시키는 제2기액분리기와, 상기 분리된 기상성분을 상기 제1기액분리기로 공급하는 플래쉬가스라인을 더 포함하며, 상기 제1기액분리기에 의해 분리된 기상의 유체는 상기 열교환부를 거쳐 상기 압축부로 공급되고, 상기 저장탱크에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 부탄인 경우, 상기 열교환부는 상기 제1기액분리기에 의해 분리된 기상의 유체를 상기 제2압력으로 압축된 유체와 열교환시킬 수 있다.a first gas-liquid separator for separating the fluid containing boil-off gas supplied from the storage tank into a gaseous phase and a liquid phase; A second gas-liquid separator for separating into a liquid phase, and a flash gas line for supplying the separated gaseous component to the first gas-liquid separator, wherein the gaseous fluid separated by the first gas-liquid separator passes through the heat exchange unit When the type of liquefied gas supplied to the compression unit and stored in the storage tank is butane, the heat exchange unit may exchange heat with the gaseous fluid separated by the first gas-liquid separator with the fluid compressed to the second pressure.

상기 제1압력으로 압축된 유체 중 일부를 제2감압밸브에 의해 감압시켜 상기 제1기액분리기로 공급하는 제1냉매공급라인과, 상기 분기라인의 상기 제2냉각기 후단으로부터 분기되며, 상기 제2압력으로 압축된 유체 중 일부를 제3감압밸브에 의해 감압시켜 상기 제1기액분리기로 공급하는 제2냉매공급라인을 더 포함하되, 상기 저장탱크에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 부탄인 경우, 상기 제1기액분리기 내의 기상의 유체 온도를 낮추기 위해, 상기 연결라인 상의 압축기를 통해 상기 제2압력으로 압축된 유체를 선택적으로 상기 제2냉매공급라인을 통해 상기 제3감압밸브를 거쳐 상기 제1기액분리기로 공급할 수 있다.A first refrigerant supply line for supplying a portion of the fluid compressed to the first pressure to the first gas-liquid separator by reducing a portion of the fluid compressed by the second pressure reducing valve, and branching from the rear end of the second cooler of the branch line, the second A second refrigerant supply line for supplying a portion of the compressed fluid to the first gas-liquid separator by reducing a portion of the pressure-reduced fluid by a third pressure reducing valve, wherein when the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank is butane, the first In order to lower the gas-liquid temperature in the first gas-liquid separator, the fluid compressed to the second pressure through the compressor on the connection line is selectively transferred through the third pressure reducing valve through the second refrigerant supply line to the first gas-liquid separator can be supplied with

본 발명의 실시 예에 의한 재액화 시스템은 선박의 저장탱크에 저장된 액화가스의 종류에 따라 하나의 통합된 시스템에 마련된 각각 대응되는 라인 상의 장비에 의해 재액화 과정이 수행되도록 할 수 있다.The reliquefaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention may allow the reliquefaction process to be performed by equipment on each corresponding line provided in one integrated system according to the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank of the ship.

본 발명의 효과들은 이상에서 언급한 효과들로 제한되지 않으며, 언급되지 않은 또 다른 효과들은 청구범위의 기재로부터 당업자에게 명확하게 이해될 수 있을 것이다.Effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른 재액화 시스템을 도시한 것이다.1 shows a reliquefaction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

이하에서는 본 발명의 실시 예를 첨부 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다. 이하의 실시 예는 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 본 발명의 사상을 충분히 전달하기 위해 제시하는 것이다. 본 발명은 여기서 제시한 실시 예만으로 한정되지 않고 다른 형태로 구체화될 수도 있다. 도면은 본 발명을 명확히 하기 위해 설명과 관계 없는 부분의 도시를 생략하고, 이해를 돕기 위해 구성요소의 크기를 다소 과장하여 표현할 수 있다. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are presented to sufficiently convey the spirit of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments presented herein, and may be embodied in other forms. The drawings may omit the illustration of parts not related to the description in order to clarify the present invention, and slightly exaggerate the size of the components to help understanding.

도 1을 참조하면, 본 발명의 실시 예에 의한 재액화 시스템(100)은 액화가스를 수송하는 선박에 설치될 수 있다. 예컨대 선박은 각종 액화연료 운반선, 액화연료 RV(Regasification Vessel), 컨테이너선, 일반상선, FPSO(Floating, Production, Storage and Off-loading), FSRU(Floating Storage and Regasification Unit) 등을 포함할 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 1 , the reliquefaction system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be installed in a ship transporting liquefied gas. For example, the ship may include various liquefied fuel carriers, liquefied fuel regasification vessels (RVs), container ships, general merchant ships, floating, production, storage and off-loading (FPSOs), floating storage and regasification units (FSRUs), and the like.

구체적으로 재액화 시스템(100)은 액화가스 및 액화가스의 증발가스를 저장하는 저장탱크(10)와, 저장탱크(10)와 연결되며, 저장탱크(10)로부터 공급받은 증발가스를 포함하는 유체를 기상과 액상으로 분리시키는 제1기액분리기(20)와, 압축기(31a~31d)와 제1냉각기(32a~32d)가 교대로 배치되며, 제1기액분리기(20)에 의해 분리된 기상의 유체를 제1압력으로 압축시키는 압축부(30)와, 압축부(30)의 하나 이상의 압축기에 의해 일정 압력으로 압축된 유체를 제1기액분리기(20)로부터 공급된 기상의 유체와 열교환하여 액화시키는 열교환부(40)를 포함한다.Specifically, the re-liquefaction system 100 is connected to the storage tank 10 for storing liquefied gas and boil-off gas of the liquefied gas, and is connected to the storage tank 10, and the fluid containing the boil-off gas supplied from the storage tank 10 . A first gas-liquid separator 20 for separating the gas phase and liquid phase, compressors 31a to 31d and first coolers 32a to 32d are alternately arranged, and the gas phase separated by the first gas-liquid separator 20 is The compression unit 30 for compressing the fluid to the first pressure, and the fluid compressed to a predetermined pressure by one or more compressors of the compression unit 30 is liquefied by heat exchange with the gaseous fluid supplied from the first gas-liquid separator 20 . It includes a heat exchange unit (40).

또, 재액화 시스템(100)은 저장탱크(10), 제1기액분리기(20), 열교환부(40), 압축부(30)를 연결하는 공급라인(L1)과, 압축부(30)에 의해 제1압력으로 압축된 유체를 열교환부(40)로 보내는 재액화라인(L11)과, 공급라인(L1)의 압축부(30)의 설정 지점으로부터 분기되며, 상술한 압축부(30)의 압축기(31a~31d) 및 제1냉각기(32a~32d) 중 설정된 개수의 압축기 및 제1냉각기를 거쳐 제1압력보다 낮은 제2압력으로 유체를 압축하고, 해당 유체를 제2냉각기(33)를 거쳐 재액화라인(L11)의 열교환부(40) 전단으로 합류시키는 제2분기라인(L2)과, 상술한 제1냉각기(32a~32d)를 우회하고 압축기(31a~31d) 중 설정된 개수만을 서로 연결하는 연결라인(L3a)과, 공급라인(L1)의 압축부(30)의 설정 지점으로부터 분기되어 연결라인(L3a)에 의해 연결된 압축기에 의해 제2압력보다 낮은 제3압력으로 압축된 유체를 제2분기라인(L2)의 제2냉각기(33) 전단으로 합류시키는 제3분기라인(L3)을 포함한다.In addition, the reliquefaction system 100 includes a storage tank 10 , a first gas-liquid separator 20 , a heat exchange unit 40 , a supply line L1 connecting the compression unit 30 , and a compression unit 30 . Branched from the set point of the reliquefaction line (L11) for sending the fluid compressed to the first pressure to the heat exchange unit (40) by the, and the compression unit (30) of the supply line (L1), the above-described compression unit (30) Compresses the fluid to a second pressure lower than the first pressure through a set number of compressors and first coolers among the compressors 31a to 31d and the first coolers 32a to 32d, The second branch line L2, which joins the front end of the heat exchange unit 40 of the reliquefaction line L11 through the The fluid compressed to a third pressure lower than the second pressure by the connecting line L3a that connects and the compressor branched from the set point of the compression unit 30 of the supply line L1 and connected by the connecting line L3a. It includes a third branch line (L3) that joins the second cooler (33) to the front end of the second branch line (L2).

구체적으로, 예컨대 저장탱크(10)에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 에탄일 경우, 에탄의 증발가스는 압축부(30)의 압축기(31a~31d) 및 제1냉각기(32a~32d)를 모두 거쳐 제1압력으로 압축된다. Specifically, for example, when the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 10 is ethane, the boil-off gas of ethane passes through all of the compressors 31a to 31d and the first coolers 32a to 32d of the compression unit 30 to be removed. compressed to 1 pressure.

또, 예컨대 저장탱크(10)에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 프로판, 프로필렌 및 LPG 중 어느 하나일 경우, 해당 액화가스의 증발가스는 공급라인(L1)의 압축부(30) 중 설정된 개수의 압축기 및 제1냉각기를 거쳐 제1압력보다 낮은 제2압력으로 압축된 후 제2분기라인(L2)을 통해 흘러가게 된다. In addition, for example, when the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 10 is any one of propane, propylene and LPG, the boil-off gas of the liquefied gas is a set number of compressors and After being compressed to a second pressure lower than the first pressure through the first cooler, it flows through the second branch line L2.

그리고, 예컨대 저장탱크(10)에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 부탄일 경우, 부탄의 증발가스는 공급라인(L1)의 압축부(30) 중 설정된 개수의 압축기만을 거쳐 제2압력보다 낮은 제3압력으로 압축된 후 제2분기라인(L2)과 제3분기라인(L3) 중 하나 이상을 통해 흘러가게 된다. 제3분기라인(L3)은 제2분기라인(L2)의 제2냉각기(33) 전단과 연결되어 있다.And, for example, when the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 10 is butane, the boil-off gas of butane passes through only a set number of compressors among the compression units 30 of the supply line L1 to a third pressure lower than the second pressure. After being compressed to , it flows through at least one of the second branch line (L2) and the third branch line (L3). The third branch line L3 is connected to the front end of the second cooler 33 of the second branch line L2 .

상술한 재액화 시스템(100)은 재액화라인(L11)의 열교환부(40)를 거친 유체를 감압시키는 제1감압밸브(V1)와, 제1감압밸브(V1)에 의해 감압된 유체를 기상과 액상으로 분리시키는 제2기액분리기(50)와, 제2기액분리기(50)에 의해 분리된 액상성분을 저장탱크(10)에 저장하는 제1회수라인(L4)과, 제2기액분리기(50)에 의해 분리된 기상성분을 제1기액분리기(20)로 공급하는 플래쉬가스라인(L5)을 포함할 수 있다. 재액화라인(L11)은 압축부(30), 열교환부(40), 제1감압밸브(V1), 제2기액분리기(50)를 연결하며, 제1감압밸브(V1)는 예컨대 줄-톰슨(Joule Thomson) 밸브를 포함할 수 있다.The above-described reliquefaction system 100 includes a first pressure reducing valve V1 that depressurizes the fluid that has passed through the heat exchange unit 40 of the reliquefaction line L11, and vaporizes the fluid decompressed by the first pressure reducing valve V1. A second gas-liquid separator 50 for separating the liquid and the liquid phase, a first recovery line L4 for storing the liquid component separated by the second gas-liquid separator 50 in the storage tank 10, and a second gas-liquid separator ( 50) may include a flash gas line (L5) for supplying the gaseous component separated by the first gas-liquid separator (20). The reliquefaction line L11 connects the compression unit 30, the heat exchange unit 40, the first pressure reducing valve V1, and the second gas-liquid separator 50, and the first pressure reducing valve V1 is, for example, Joule-Thomson. (Joule Thomson) valve may be included.

또, 재액화 시스템(100)은 공급라인(L1)의 압축부(30) 후단으로부터 분기되며, 공급라인(L1)의 압축부(30)를 거쳐 제1압력으로 압축된 유체를 제2감압밸브(V2)에 의해 감압시켜 제1기액분리기(20)로 공급하는 제1냉매공급라인(L21)과, 제2분기라인(L2)의 제2냉각기(33) 후단으로부터 분기되며, 상술한 제2압력 또는 제3압력으로 압축된 유체를 제3감압밸브(V3)에 의해 감압시켜 제1기액분리기(20)로 공급하는 제2냉매공급라인(L22)을 마련할 수 있다.In addition, the reliquefaction system 100 is branched from the rear end of the compression unit 30 of the supply line L1, and the fluid compressed to the first pressure through the compression unit 30 of the supply line L1 is transferred to the second pressure reducing valve. Branched from the rear end of the second cooler 33 of the first refrigerant supply line L21 and the second branch line L2, which is reduced in pressure by (V2) and supplied to the first gas-liquid separator 20, the second A second refrigerant supply line L22 may be provided for supplying the first gas-liquid separator 20 by depressurizing the fluid compressed to the pressure or the third pressure by the third pressure reducing valve V3.

이하, 재액화 시스템(100)의 각 구성요소에 대해서 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, each component of the reliquefaction system 100 will be described in detail.

저장탱크(10)는 예컨대 에탄(Ethane), 프로판(Propane), 프로필렌(Propylene), 부탄(Butane), 프로판과 부탄을 주성분으로 하는 LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas) 중 어느 하나의 액화가스를 저장할 수 있다. 저장탱크(10)는 단열상태를 유지하면서 연료를 액화상태로 저장하는 멤브레인형 탱크, SPB형 탱크 등을 포함할 수 있다. The storage tank 10 may store, for example, liquefied gas of any one of ethane, propane, propylene, butane, and LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) containing propane and butane as main components. . The storage tank 10 may include a membrane type tank, an SPB type tank, etc. for storing fuel in a liquefied state while maintaining an insulating state.

제1기액분리기(20)는 저장탱크(10)로부터 공급받은 증발가스를 포함하는 유체를 기상과 액상으로 분리시킨다. 예컨대, 제1기액분리기(20)는 저장탱크(10)로부터 공급받은 증발가스에 포함된 액적 형태의 고탄소성분이 열교환부(40) 쪽으로 흘러가지 않도록 분리시킬 수 있다.The first gas-liquid separator 20 separates the fluid containing the boil-off gas supplied from the storage tank 10 into a gaseous phase and a liquid phase. For example, the first gas-liquid separator 20 may separate the high-carbon component in the form of droplets included in the boil-off gas supplied from the storage tank 10 from flowing toward the heat exchange unit 40 .

제1기액분리기(20)에는 플래쉬가스라인(L5)을 통해 제2기액분리기(50)에서 분리된 기상의 유체가 유입되어 혼합될 수 있다. 제1기액분리기(20)에 의해 분리된 액상의 유체는 제2회수라인(L6)을 통해 제1회수라인(L4)에 합류되어 저장탱크(10)에 저장된다. 제1기액분리기(20)에 의해 분리된 기상의 유체는 공급라인(L1)을 통해 열교환부(40)를 거쳐 압축부(30)로 공급된다.The gas-phase fluid separated from the second gas-liquid separator 50 may be introduced into the first gas-liquid separator 20 through the flash gas line L5 and mixed therein. The liquid fluid separated by the first gas-liquid separator 20 joins the first recovery line L4 through the second recovery line L6 and is stored in the storage tank 10 . The gaseous fluid separated by the first gas-liquid separator 20 is supplied to the compression unit 30 through the heat exchange unit 40 through the supply line L1 .

열교환부(40)는 상술한 제1압력, 제2압력 또는 제3압력으로 압축된 유체를 제1기액분리기(20)로부터 공급된 기상의 유체와 열교환하여 액화시킨다. 열교환부(40)에 의해 액화된 해당 유체는 제1감압밸브(V1)를 거쳐 제2기액분리기(50)로 유입된다.The heat exchange unit 40 heats the fluid compressed to the above-described first pressure, second pressure or third pressure with the gas-phase fluid supplied from the first gas-liquid separator 20 to liquefy it. The corresponding fluid liquefied by the heat exchange unit 40 flows into the second gas-liquid separator 50 through the first pressure reducing valve V1.

한편, 상술한 저장탱크(10)에 저장된 액화가스의 종류에 따라 재액화 과정을 설명하면, 저장탱크(10)에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 에탄인 경우, 제1기액분리기(20)를 통해 분리된 에탄의 증발가스를 포함하는 기상의 유체는 공급라인(L1)의 압축부(30)의 압축기(31a~31d)와 제1냉각기(32a~32d)를 통해 제1압력으로 압축된 후 재액화라인(L11)을 통해 열교환부(40)로 공급된다. 이때, 압축부(30)에 의해 압축된 유체 중 일부는 수요처(E)로 공급되어 사용될 수 있다.On the other hand, if the reliquefaction process is described according to the type of liquefied gas stored in the above-described storage tank 10 , when the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 10 is ethane, it is separated through the first gas-liquid separator 20 . The gaseous fluid containing the boil-off gas of ethane is compressed to a first pressure through the compressors 31a to 31d and the first coolers 32a to 32d of the compression unit 30 of the supply line L1 and then reliquefied. It is supplied to the heat exchange unit 40 through the line L11. At this time, some of the fluid compressed by the compression unit 30 may be supplied to the consumer E and used.

여기서, 공급라인(L1)의 압축부(30)를 거쳐 재액화라인(L11)의 열교환부(40)로 유입되는 유체의 압력은 140 내지 160 barA일 수 있다.Here, the pressure of the fluid flowing into the heat exchange unit 40 of the reliquefaction line L11 through the compression unit 30 of the supply line L1 may be 140 to 160 barA.

그리고, 제1기액분리기(20) 내의 기상의 유체 온도를 낮추기 위해, 공급라인(L1)의 압축부(30)를 통해 제1압력으로 압축된 유체는, 제1냉매공급라인(L21)을 통해 제2감압밸브(V2)를 거쳐 제1기액분리기(20)로 공급될 수 있다.And, in order to lower the gas-phase fluid temperature in the first gas-liquid separator 20, the fluid compressed to the first pressure through the compression unit 30 of the supply line L1 is transferred through the first refrigerant supply line L21. It may be supplied to the first gas-liquid separator 20 through the second pressure reducing valve V2.

이때, 공급라인(L1)의 열교환부(40) 전단에 온도를 측정하는 센서(T)가 마련될 수 있으며, 센서(T)에 의해 측정된 온도 값에 따라 제어부(미도시)에 의해 제1냉매공급라인(L21)의 제2감압밸브(V2) 개폐 정도가 제어될 수 있다. 이를 통해 열교환부(40)의 재액화 효율이 높아질 수 있다.At this time, a sensor T for measuring a temperature may be provided at the front end of the heat exchange unit 40 of the supply line L1, and the first The degree of opening and closing of the second pressure reducing valve V2 of the refrigerant supply line L21 may be controlled. Through this, the reliquefaction efficiency of the heat exchange unit 40 may be increased.

다른 예로서, 저장탱크(10)에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 프로판, 프로필렌 또는 LPG인 경우, 제1기액분리기(20)를 거친 해당 액화가스의 증발가스를 포함하는 기상의 유체는 공급라인(L1)의 설정된 개수의 압축기(31a~31c) 및 제1냉각기(32a,32b)를 거쳐 상술한 제1압력보다 낮은 제2압력으로 압축된 후, 제2분기라인(L2)의 제2냉각기(33)를 거쳐 재액화라인(L11)에 합류되어 열교환부(40)로 공급된다.As another example, when the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 10 is propane, propylene, or LPG, the gaseous fluid including boil-off gas of the liquefied gas that has passed through the first gas-liquid separator 20 is supplied to the supply line L1 ) through a set number of compressors 31a to 31c and the first coolers 32a and 32b, after being compressed to a second pressure lower than the first pressure described above, the second cooler 33 of the second branch line L2 ) through the reliquefaction line (L11) and is supplied to the heat exchange unit (40).

공급라인(L1)의 설정된 개수의 제1냉각기(32a,32b)는 상변화에 따른 열량변화를 충분히 제공하지 못하므로, 제2분기라인(L2)에 제2냉각기(33)를 별도로 배치시켜, 제2압력으로 압축된 유체를 충분히 냉각시킬 수 있다. Since the set number of the first coolers 32a and 32b of the supply line L1 do not sufficiently provide the heat quantity change according to the phase change, the second cooler 33 is separately disposed on the second branch line L2, The fluid compressed by the second pressure can be sufficiently cooled.

여기서, 제2냉각기(33)로 유입되는 유체의 압력은 15 내지 50 barA일 수 있다. 제2냉각기(33)를 통과한 유체는 일부 액상을 가질 수 있으며, 재액화라인(L11)으로 합류된 후 열교환부(40)로 공급되고, 열교환부(40)를 거쳐 제1감압밸브(V1)에 의해 대략 3~5barA 수준으로 감압된 후 제2기액분리기(50)로 유입된다.Here, the pressure of the fluid flowing into the second cooler 33 may be 15 to 50 barA. The fluid that has passed through the second cooler 33 may have a partial liquid phase, and is supplied to the heat exchange unit 40 after being merged into the reliquefaction line L11, and passes through the heat exchange unit 40 to the first pressure reducing valve V1. ) and then introduced into the second gas-liquid separator 50 after the pressure is reduced to a level of about 3 to 5 barA.

그리고, 상술한 바와 같이 공급라인(L1)의 열교환부(40) 전단에 마련된 센서(T)에 의해 측정된 온도 값에 따라 제2냉각기(33)를 거친 유체는 제2냉매공급라인(L22)을 통해 제3감압밸브(V3)를 거쳐 제1기액분리기(20)로 공급될 수 있다.And, as described above, the fluid that has passed through the second cooler 33 according to the temperature value measured by the sensor T provided at the front end of the heat exchange unit 40 of the supply line L1 is transferred to the second refrigerant supply line L22. may be supplied to the first gas-liquid separator 20 through the third pressure reducing valve V3.

다른 예로서, 저장탱크(10)에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 부탄인 경우, 제1기액분리기(20)를 거친 부탄의 증발가스를 포함하는 유체는 연결라인(L3a)의 1단 압축기(31a)를 거쳐 압축된 후 제3분기라인(L3)을 통해 제2분기라인(L2)의 제2냉각기(33) 전단으로 합류될 수 있다. 이후, 해당 유체는 제2냉각기(33) 거쳐 열교환부(40)로 공급된다.As another example, when the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 10 is butane, the fluid containing the boil-off gas of butane that has passed through the first gas-liquid separator 20 is the first stage compressor 31a of the connection line L3a. After being compressed through a third branch line (L3) may be joined to the front end of the second cooler (33) of the second branch line (L2) (L2). Thereafter, the fluid is supplied to the heat exchange unit 40 through the second cooler 33 .

여기서, 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이, 1단 압축기(31a) 후단의 2단 및 3단 압축기(31b,31c)를 연결라인(L3a)에 의해 서로 병렬로 연결하면, 보다 많은 유량을 효과적으로 압축할 수 있다. 이 경우, 해당 연결라인(L3a) 상의 압축기(31a~31c)를 거친 유체는 제2분기라인(L2)와 제3분기라인(L3)을 통해 제2냉각기(33) 전단에서 합류될 수 있다. 제2냉각기(33)로 유입되는 이러한 유체의 압력은 2.5 내지 3.5 barA일 수 있다.Here, as shown in FIG. 1, when the second and third stage compressors 31b and 31c of the rear stage of the first stage compressor 31a are connected in parallel with each other by a connection line L3a, a larger flow rate can be effectively compressed. can In this case, the fluid passing through the compressors 31a to 31c on the corresponding connection line L3a may be joined at the front end of the second cooler 33 through the second branch line L2 and the third branch line L3. The pressure of this fluid introduced into the second cooler 33 may be 2.5 to 3.5 barA.

구체적으로 설명하면, 부탄의 경우 그 특성에 따라 1단의 압축기(31a) 및 제1냉각기(32a)를 통과할 경우 액상을 갖게 되고, 액상을 갖는 유체가 2단 압축기(31b)로 유입될 경우 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서, 본 발명의 실시 예에서는 제1냉각기(32a~32d)를 우회(bypass)하도록 하여, 설정된 개수의 압축기만으로 유체가 유입되도록 한다.Specifically, in the case of butane, if it passes through the first stage compressor 31a and the first cooler 32a according to its characteristics, it has a liquid phase, and when the liquid having a liquid phase flows into the second stage compressor 31b Problems can arise. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first coolers 32a to 32d are bypassed, so that only a set number of compressors are introduced to the fluid.

부탄은 재액화를 위해 10barA 미만의 압력을 가지면 되고, 2단 압축으로도 충분하기 때문에 1단의 압축기(31a) 후단의 2단 압축기(31b) 및 3단 압축기(31c)를 서로 병렬로 연결하여 더 많은 유량을 압축할 수 있다.Butane needs to have a pressure of less than 10 barA for reliquefaction, and since two-stage compression is sufficient, the first-stage compressor (31a), the second-stage compressor (31b) and the third-stage compressor (31c) of the rear stage are connected in parallel to each other. More flow can be compressed.

상술한 병렬 연결의 경우, 2단 압축기(31b) 및 3단 압축기(31c) 후단의 제2분기라인(L2) 및 제3분기라인(L3)을 통해 유체가 흘러가고, 제2냉각기(33)를 통해 온도가 떨어진 후, 열교환부(40)로 공급된다.In the case of the above-described parallel connection, the fluid flows through the second branch line (L2) and the third branch line (L3) at the rear end of the second stage compressor (31b) and the third stage compressor (31c), and the second cooler (33) After the temperature drops through the , it is supplied to the heat exchange unit 40 .

또한 부탄의 재액화의 경우, 제2기액분리기(50)에서 온도가 충분히 낮아 플래쉬가스의 발생량이 적거나 없을 수 있다. 따라서, 순수한 부탄 재액화의 경우 플래쉬가스라인(L5)의 사용빈도가 떨어질 수 있다. 그러나, 상술한 저장탱크(10) 내에 끊는점이 부탄보다 낮은 프로판이나 에탄 등이 미소량 섞여 있을 경우 이들이 플래쉬가스로 증발되어 플래쉬가스라인(L5)을 통해 제1기액분리기(20)로 공급될 수 있다.In addition, in the case of the re-liquefaction of butane, the amount of flash gas may be small or absent because the temperature in the second gas-liquid separator 50 is sufficiently low. Therefore, in the case of pure butane reliquefaction, the frequency of use of the flash gas line L5 may be reduced. However, if there is a small amount of propane or ethane having a lower boiling point than butane in the above-described storage tank 10, they are evaporated into flash gas and supplied to the first gas-liquid separator 20 through the flash gas line L5. have.

그리고, 상술한 바와 같이 센서(T)의 온도 측정 값에 따라 재액화 효율을 높이기 위해, 제2냉매공급라인(L22)을 통해 제3감압밸브(V3)를 거쳐 제1기액분리기(20)로 제2냉각기(33)를 거친 유체를 공급할 수 있다.And, as described above, in order to increase the reliquefaction efficiency according to the temperature measurement value of the sensor T, the second refrigerant supply line L22 passes through the third pressure reducing valve V3 to the first gas-liquid separator 20. The fluid that has passed through the second cooler 33 may be supplied.

이와 같이, 하나의 통합된 재액화 시스템(100)을 통해 선박의 저장탱크(10)에 저장되는 액화가스의 종류에 따라 각각 대응되는 라인 상의 장비에 의해 압축 및 냉각이 이루어져 재액화 과정이 효과적으로 수행될 수 있다.In this way, through one integrated reliquefaction system 100, compression and cooling are performed by equipment on a line corresponding to each type according to the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank 10 of the ship, so that the reliquefaction process is effectively performed can be

이상에서는 특정의 실시 예에 대하여 도시하고 설명하였다. 그러나, 본 발명은 상기한 실시 예에만 한정되지 않으며, 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 이하의 청구범위에 기재된 발명의 기술적 사상의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 얼마든지 다양하게 변경 실시할 수 있을 것이다.In the above, specific embodiments have been shown and described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains can make various changes without departing from the spirit of the invention described in the claims below. will be able

10: 저장탱크 20, 50: 기액분리기
30: 압축부 40: 열교환부
L1: 공급라인 L2: 제2분기라인
L3: 제3분기라인 L4, L6: 회수라인
L5: 플래쉬가스라인 L11: 재액화라인
L21: 제1냉매공급라인 L22: 제2냉매공급라인10: storage tank 20, 50: gas-liquid separator
30: compression unit 40: heat exchange unit
L1: Supply line L2: 2nd branch line
L3: 3rd branch line L4, L6: recovery line
L5: Flash gas line L11: Reliquefaction line
L21: first refrigerant supply line L22: second refrigerant supply line

Claims (4)

액화가스 및 상기 액화가스의 증발가스를 저장하는 저장탱크;
상기 저장탱크로부터 공급받은 증발가스를 포함하는 유체를 기상과 액상으로 분리시키는 제1기액분리기;
압축기와 제1냉각기가 교대로 복수 개 배치되며, 상기 분리된 기상의 유체를 공급받아 제1압력으로 압축시키는 압축부;
상기 압축부의 하나 이상의 압축기에 의해 일정 압력으로 압축된 유체를 상기 제1기액분리기로부터 공급된 기상의 유체와 열교환하여 액화시키는 열교환부;
상기 저장탱크, 제1기액분리기, 열교환부 및 압축부를 연결하는 공급라인;
상기 압축부에 의해 압축된 유체를 상기 열교환부로 보내어 재액화하는 재액화라인;
상기 제1냉각기를 우회하고 상기 압축부 중 설정된 개수의 압축기만을 서로 연결하는 연결라인; 및
제2냉각기가 배치되고, 상기 압축부의 설정된 지점으로부터 분기되어 상기 재액화라인과 연결되는 분기라인;을 포함하되,
상기 저장탱크에 저장된 액화가스의 종류가 부탄인 경우,
상기 부탄의 증발가스는 선택적으로 상기 연결라인 상의 압축기를 통해 상기 제1압력보다 낮은 제2압력으로 압축되고, 상기 분기라인의 제2냉각기를 거쳐 냉각된 후, 상기 재액화라인을 통해 상기 열교환부로 공급되어 재액화되고,
상기 분기라인의 제2냉각기 후단으로부터 분기되며, 상기 제2압력으로 압축된 부탄의 증발가스 중 적어도 일부를 공급받아 제3감압밸브에 의해 감압시켜 상기 제1기액분리기로 공급하는 제2냉매공급라인을 더 마련한 재액화 시스템.a storage tank for storing liquefied gas and boil-off gas of the liquefied gas;
a first gas-liquid separator for separating the fluid containing the boil-off gas supplied from the storage tank into a gaseous phase and a liquid phase;
a compression unit in which a plurality of compressors and a first cooler are alternately arranged, and the compressed unit receives the separated gaseous fluid and compresses it to a first pressure;
a heat exchange unit configured to liquefy the fluid compressed to a predetermined pressure by one or more compressors of the compression unit by heat exchange with the gaseous fluid supplied from the first gas-liquid separator;
a supply line connecting the storage tank, the first gas-liquid separator, the heat exchange unit, and the compression unit;
a re-liquefaction line for re-liquefying the fluid compressed by the compression unit by sending it to the heat exchange unit;
a connection line bypassing the first cooler and connecting only a set number of compressors among the compression units to each other; and
A second cooler is disposed, a branch line branched from the set point of the compression unit and connected to the re-liquefaction line; including,
When the type of liquefied gas stored in the storage tank is butane,
The BOG of butane is selectively compressed to a second pressure lower than the first pressure through a compressor on the connection line, cooled through a second cooler of the branch line, and then to the heat exchange unit through the reliquefaction line supplied and reliquefied,
A second refrigerant supply line branching from the rear end of the second cooler of the branch line, receiving at least a portion of the boil-off gas of butane compressed to the second pressure, depressurizing it by a third pressure reducing valve, and supplying it to the first gas-liquid separator A reliquefaction system with more 제1항에 있어서,
상기 연결라인은 1단 압축기 후단의 2단 압축기 및 3단 압축기를 서로 병렬로 연결하고, 상기 연결라인 상의 압축기를 거쳐 상기 분기라인을 통해 상기 제2냉각기로 유입되는 유체의 압력은 2.5 내지 3.5 barA인 것을 특징으로 하는 재액화 시스템.According to claim 1,
The connection line connects the second stage compressor and the third stage compressor at the rear end of the first stage compressor in parallel with each other, and the pressure of the fluid flowing into the second cooler through the branch line through the compressor on the connection line is 2.5 to 3.5 barA Reliquefaction system, characterized in that. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 재액화라인의 열교환부를 거친 유체를 감압시키는 제1감압밸브와,
상기 감압된 유체를 기상과 액상으로 분리시키는 제2기액분리기와,
상기 분리된 기상성분을 상기 제1기액분리기로 공급하는 플래쉬가스라인을 더 포함하는 재액화 시스템.According to claim 1,
a first pressure reducing valve for reducing the pressure of the fluid passing through the heat exchange unit of the reliquefaction line;
a second gas-liquid separator for separating the depressurized fluid into a gas phase and a liquid phase;
The reliquefaction system further comprising a flash gas line for supplying the separated gaseous component to the first gas-liquid separator. 삭제delete
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