KR102321570B1 - Dental Implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a dental implant in which an abutment for connection between a crown and an alveolar bone implantation fixture has the dual configuration of a lower abutment coupled to the fixture and an upper abutment embedded in the crown. The dental implant includes: a fixture fixed after implantation into an alveolar bone and having an upper end provided with a concave coupling groove, in which a female thread groove with a threaded inner peripheral surface communicates with the lower end of the coupling groove; a lower abutment inserted and coupled inside the coupling groove of the fixture, having a flat upper surface, and penetrated by a lower screw hole vertically and coaxially with the female thread groove; an upper abutment having a flat lower surface parallel to the upper surface of the lower abutment, seated on the upper surface of the lower abutment, and vertically penetrated by an upper screw hole; a tooth-shaped crown where the upper abutment is inserted and fixed; and a connecting screw fastened to the upper screw hole of the upper abutment, the lower screw hole of the lower abutment, and the female thread groove of the fixture through the upper end of the crown.

Description

Dental implant {Dental Implant}

The present invention relates to a dental implant, and more particularly, an abutment connecting a crown and a fixture to be placed in the alveolar bone, a lower abutment coupled to the fixture, and an upper abutment embedded in the prosthesis. It relates to a dental implant composed of a double ment.

An artificial tooth implant refers to a replacement that restores the original human tissue when it is lost, but in dentistry, it refers to the implantation of an artificial tooth. It is a state-of-the-art procedure that restores the function of teeth by planting a tooth root made of titanium, etc., which does not have a negative reaction to the human body, to replace the tooth root of a lost tooth, and then fixing the artificial tooth.

In the case of general prostheses or dentures, the surrounding teeth and bones are damaged over time, but implants do not damage the surrounding tooth tissue.

As such, the dental implant consists of a fixture, an abutment, a screw, and a crown, the fixture is placed in the alveolar bone, and the abutment is placed on the upper portion of the fixture via the screw. It is fastened, and the prosthesis is finally coupled and covered on the abutment.

Usually, when bonding the prosthesis to the abutment, an adhesive (cement or bond) that is harmless to the human body is used. This causes shaking or separation, which creates a gap between the adjacent teeth and the prosthesis. This non-uniformity is visually undesirable, and also has a problem of giving an aesthetically unfavorable image to the other party.

In order to solve this problem, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1808599 discloses a screw hole having a flange in the center of the prosthesis to pass through, and a female screw member formed at the top of the screw hole and the fixing part (abutment) of the prosthesis. Disclosed is a dental implant capable of coupling a prosthesis to an upper end of a fixing part by fastening a screw through it.

However, since such a conventional dental implant has a cone-shaped upper end of the abutment pointed upward, the implant must be placed in parallel, so there is a limitation in the direction of its placement, and thus there is a limitation in the expression of the fixing force.

In addition, since the occlusal force is not dispersed in the conventional dental implant, when the user chews food, the occlusal force is transmitted to the alveolar bone through the implant as it is, causing discomfort.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1445298 Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-18808599

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a dental implant capable of easily fastening a prosthesis using a screw regardless of the direction in which it is implanted in the alveolar bone.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a dental implant capable of effectively dispersing occlusal force.

A dental implant according to the present invention for achieving the above object is implanted and fixed in the alveolar bone, a coupling groove is concavely formed at the upper end, and a female screw groove having a screw thread formed on the inner circumferential surface at the lower end of the coupling groove is formed to communicate. the fixtures being made; a lower abutment that is coupled to be inserted into the coupling groove of the fixture, the upper surface is flat, and the lower screw hole is formed to penetrate in the vertical direction coaxially with the female screw groove; an upper abutment whose lower surface is parallel to the upper surface of the lower abutment and is seated on the upper surface of the lower abutment, and the upper screw hole is formed to penetrate in the vertical direction; a tooth-shaped prosthesis (crown) into which the upper abutment is inserted and fixed; and a connecting screw fastened to the upper screw hole of the upper abutment, the lower screw hole of the lower abutment, and the female screw groove of the fixture through the upper end of the prosthesis.

The dental implant of the present invention may further include a ring-shaped cushion washer installed between the upper surface of the lower abutment and the lower surface of the upper abutment to disperse occlusal force.

A washer guide protrusion supporting an outer edge of the cushion washer may be formed to protrude upward along an edge of the upper surface of the lower abutment.

In addition, the outer surface of the washer guide projection is preferably made of a curved surface.

The upper abutment includes a polygonal body part inserted and fixed inside the prosthesis, a resin filling part formed to extend upwardly at the upper end of the body part and having a thinner thickness than the body part, and an upper part B at the lower end of the body part. It is formed to protrude inwardly on the inner circumferential surface of the hole and may include a flange portion pressed in contact with the head portion of the connecting screw.

The coupling groove of the fixture has a polygonal groove shape, the lower part of the lower abutment has a polygonal shape having a shape and size corresponding to the coupling groove, and the upper part may have a conical shape in which the cross-sectional area increases while going upward. .

An upper portion of the lower abutment may have an elliptical shape, and a rotation preventing groove into which a rotation preventing protrusion formed to protrude downwardly is inserted may be formed concavely on one side of the upper surface.

Alternatively, the upper portion of the lower abutment may be formed in an elliptical shape, and an anti-rotation protrusion inserted into an anti-rotation groove concave upwardly at the lower end of the upper abutment on one side of the upper surface may be formed to protrude upward.

A plurality of band-shaped retention grooves extending in the circumferential direction may be vertically arranged on the outer surface of the upper abutment to increase bonding force with the prosthesis.

In addition, positioning marks for guiding the coupling position of the lower abutment and the upper abutment may be respectively formed on the outer surface of the upper end of the lower abutment or the outer surface of the washer guide protrusion and the outer surface of the lower end of the upper abutment. have.

According to the present invention, the abutment coupled to the fixture is composed of a lower abutment and an upper abutment, and the coupling surfaces of the lower abutment and the upper abutment are made of planes parallel to each other, so that one connecting screw can be used to join the upper and lower abutments and fixtures at the same time. Therefore, regardless of the installation direction of the fixture, the upper abutment and the lower abutment and the fixture can be easily fastened and separated with the connecting screw.

In addition, if a cushion washer with elastic force is interposed between the lower end of the upper abutment and the upper end of the lower abutment, the cushion washer distributes the occlusal force and reduces the impact during occlusion to prevent discomfort or pain. There are possible effects.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a dental implant according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the dental implant shown in FIG. 1 .
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the dental implant shown in FIG. 1 .
4A and 4B are perspective views showing other embodiments of the lower abutment constituting the dental implant according to the present invention.
5 is a perspective view showing other embodiments of the upper abutment constituting the dental implant according to the present invention.
6 is an exploded cross-sectional view showing a dental implant according to another embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view of the dental implant shown in FIG.
8 is an exploded perspective view showing a dental implant according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The configuration shown in the embodiments and drawings described in this specification is only a preferred example of the disclosed invention, and there may be various modifications that can replace the embodiments and drawings of the present specification at the time of filing of the present application.

Hereinafter, a dental implant will be described in detail according to the embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals denote like elements.

1 to 3, the dental implant according to an embodiment of the present invention is a fixture (10) that is placed and fixed in the alveolar bone (B), the lower abutment coupled to the upper side of the fixture (10) A lower abutment 20, an upper abutment 30 seated and coupled to the upper surface of the lower abutment 20, and a tooth shape in which the upper abutment 30 is inserted and fixed of the prosthesis (crown) 40, and the connecting screw 60 for simultaneously coupling the upper abutment 30, the lower abutment 20, and the fixture 10 through the upper end of the prosthesis 40 do.

The fixture 10 can be configured by applying a fixture used in a known dental implant, and a screw thread is formed on the outer surface to be helically coupled to a hole drilled in the alveolar bone, and a hexagon, square, octagon, etc. A coupling groove 11 having a polygonal groove shape or a circular groove shape may be concavely formed, and a female screw groove 12 having a thread formed on an inner circumferential surface of the coupling groove 11 may be formed to communicate with each other at the lower end of the coupling groove 11 . The fixture 10 may be made of a titanium material having excellent osseo-adhesion properties, but may be made of various materials having anti-allergic properties and excellent osseo-adhesion properties.

The lower abutment 20 is coupled so that the lower part has a polygonal shape and size corresponding to the engaging groove 11 of the fixture 10, and is inserted into the engaging groove 11, and the upper part has a cross-sectional area going upward. It has an enlarged cone shape and has a flat top surface. And in the central portion of the lower abutment 20, a lower screw hole 21 coaxially communicating with the female screw groove 12 of the fixture 10 is formed to penetrate in the vertical direction. The upper end of the lower abutment 20 is installed substantially horizontally with the gum (G) of the recipient.

The upper portion of the lower abutment 20 may be formed in a conical shape symmetrical forward and backward and left and right as in this embodiment, but the upper portion of the lower abutment 20 is made in an elliptical shape, as shown in FIG. 4A , The anti-rotation groove 23 into which the anti-rotation protrusion (not shown) formed to protrude downward from the lower end of the upper abutment 30 is inserted on one side of the upper surface may be concavely formed. Alternatively, as shown in 4b, the upper portion of the lower abutment 20 is formed in an oval shape, and inside the rotation preventing groove (not shown) formed concave upwardly at the lower end of the upper abutment 30 on one side of the upper surface. The anti-rotation protrusion 24 inserted into the can be formed to protrude upward.

4a and 4b, when the upper portion of the lower abutment 20 is formed in an oval shape, the lower end of the upper abutment 30 may also be formed in an oval shape corresponding to the upper end of the lower abutment 20. have.

Referring back to FIGS. 1 to 3 , the upper abutment 30 is seated on the upper surface of the lower abutment 20 with a lower surface parallel to the upper surface of the lower abutment 20 , The upper screw hole 35 is formed to penetrate in the vertical direction in the central portion. The upper screw hole 35 is formed to communicate coaxially with the lower screw hole 21 of the lower abutment 20 so that the connecting screw 60 passes therethrough.

The upper abutment 30 is made of a metal material such as titanium, and may be fixed with an adhesive inside a hollow formed in the prosthesis 40 , or may be integrally molded with the prosthesis 40 by an insert injection method.

In this embodiment, the upper abutment 30 includes a body part 31 inserted and fixed inside the prosthesis 40 , and a resin charging part 32 formed to extend upwardly at the upper end of the body part 31 , and , the lower end of the body portion 31 is formed to protrude into the inner circumferential surface of the upper screw hole 35 and includes a flange portion 33 pressed in contact with the head portion 61 of the connecting screw 60 . .

The body part 31 may have a polygonal shape such as a hexagon, a square, or an octagon in order to prevent relative rotation with the prosthesis 40. In addition, as shown in FIG. A retention groove 37 for strengthening may be formed, or it may have various shapes such as a conical shape, a long ball shape, and the like, in which the cross-sectional area decreases toward the lower side.

And, the resin filling part 32 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a thinner thickness than the body part 31 to extend upward of the body part 31, and the resin filling part 32 is a connecting screw 60 prosthesis ( 40) through the upper end of the upper abutment 30, the lower abutment 20, and the resin (R) so that the upper end of the connecting screw 60 can be hidden with the resin (R) after being coupled to the fixture 10 R) forms a filled space.

The flange portion 33 is integrally formed with the lower end of the body portion 31 , has a larger outer diameter than the body portion 31 , and is formed to have an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the upper screw hole 35 .

The flange portion 33 of the upper abutment 30 may be seated directly on the upper surface of the lower abutment 20 , but in order to distribute the occlusal force, the upper surface and the upper abutment of the lower abutment 20 are A ring-shaped cushion washer 50 that provides an elastic force between the lower surfaces of the ment 30 may be interposed. The cushion washer 50 absorbs the load transmitted through the upper abutment 30 connected to the prosthesis 40 and distributes the occlusal force and acts as a periodontal ligament. It may be made of the same material, and the shape may also be configured by applying a wavy spring washer in the circumferential direction or a conical spring washer inclined in the radial direction.

The cushion washer 50 may have a circular ring shape as a whole, but otherwise may have a polygonal ring shape with an outer edge of a polygon such as a hexagon or an octagon.

In addition, when the cushion washer 50 is seated on the upper surface of the lower abutment 20, the cushion washer 50 is placed in the correct position, and the lower abutment prevents the position of the cushion washer 50 from being shifted even after the procedure. The washer guide protrusion 22 supporting the outer edge of the cushion washer 50 along the upper surface edge of the ment 20 is formed to protrude upward. The washer guide projection 22 protrudes to a height lower than the thickness of the cushion washer 50 to support the lower end of the outer edge of the cushion washer 50 . At this time, it is preferable that the outer surface of the washer guide protrusion 22 is curved in order to eliminate the feeling that the washer guide protrusion 22 is caught on the tongue.

The connecting screw 60 passes through the upper threaded hole 35 of the upper abutment 30 and the lower threaded hole 21 of the lower abutment 20 to the female threaded groove 12 of the fixture 10 . By being fastened, the upper abutment 30, the lower abutment 20, and the fixture 10 are coupled at the same time, and at the lower end there is a male screw portion 62 that is fastened to the female screw groove 12 of the fixture 10. is formed In addition, the upper end of the connecting screw 60 has a head portion 61 that binds the upper abutment 30 to the lower abutment 20 while being caught on the inner end of the flange portion 33 of the upper abutment 30 . is formed. The diameter of the head part 61 has a size corresponding to the inner diameter of the upper screw hole 35 of the upper abutment 30 . A tool insertion groove 63 for inserting a tool for rotating the connecting screw 60 may be concavely formed at the upper end of the head portion 61 .

A dental implant having such a configuration may be implanted in a recipient as follows.

First, a hole is drilled to a predetermined depth in the alveolar bone (B) using a drill, and the fixture 10 is screwed into the hole and fixed.

Then, the lower part of the lower abutment 20 is inserted into the coupling groove 11 of the fixture 10 , and the cushion washer 50 is seated on the upper part of the lower abutment 20 , and then the prosthesis 40 ) aligns the upper abutment 30 coupled to the outer surface on the upper side of the cushion washer 50 .

Then, by inserting the connecting screw 60 through the hole formed at the top of the prosthesis 40, the upper screw hole 35 of the upper abutment 30 and the lower screw hole 21 of the lower abutment 20 Through the, the male screw portion 62 at the bottom is fastened to the female screw groove 12 of the fixture 10 . At this time, while the lower end of the head portion 61 of the connecting screw 60 is caught on the inner end of the flange portion 33 of the upper abutment 30, the upper abutment 30 is connected to the lower abutment 20. bind to

After combining the upper abutment 30, the lower abutment 20, and the fixture 10 with the connecting screw 60, the hole at the top of the prosthesis 40 and the resin filling part at the top of the upper abutment 30 The resin (R) is filled through (32) and cured to fill the empty space and cover the upper end of the connecting screw (60).

In this way, the dental implant of the present invention can combine the upper abutment 30, the lower abutment 20, and the fixture 10 at the same time using one connecting screw 60. Therefore, regardless of the mounting direction of the fixture 10 , the upper abutment 30 , the lower abutment 20 , and the fixture 10 can be easily fastened and separated with the connecting screw 60 .

In addition, when the cushion washer 50 is interposed between the lower end of the upper abutment 30 and the upper end of the lower abutment 20, the cushion washer 50 acts to disperse the occlusal force to reduce the impact during occlusion. It can prevent discomfort or pain from occurring.

6 and 7 show another embodiment of a dental implant, wherein the dental implant of this embodiment extends along the circumferential direction to increase bonding force with the prosthesis 40 on the outer surface of the upper abutment 30 . A plurality of retention grooves 37 in the form of a belt are arranged up and down, and the outer surface of the upper end of the lower abutment 20 or the outer surface of the washer guide protrusion 22 and the upper abutment 30 Positioning marks 26 and 36 for guiding the bonding position of the lower abutment 20 and the upper abutment 30 are respectively formed on the outer surface of the lower end of the lower abutment 20, There is a difference in that a female screw portion 25 that is screwed and fixed by the male screw portion 62 of the connecting screw 60 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the lower end of the screw hole 21 .

The positioning marks 26 and 36 formed on the lower abutment 20 and the upper abutment 30 may have various shapes such as an uneven shape, a cross (+) shape, an arrow shape, and the like. In this way, when the positioning marks 26 and 36 are formed on the lower abutment 20 and the upper abutment 30, the operator matches the positioning marks 26 and 36 with the lower abutment 20. Since the upper abutment 30 can be coupled to the upper abutment, the prosthesis 40 can be accurately coupled to the lower abutment 20 .

In addition, when the female threaded part 25 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the lower end of the lower threaded hole 21 of the lower abutment 20 and coupled by the male threaded part 62 of the connecting screw 60, the lower abutment in the oral cavity Drop-off of the ment 20 can be prevented.

8 and 9 show a dental implant according to another embodiment of the present invention, and the dental implant of this embodiment has a lower abutment ( 20) so that the upper abutment 30 can be inclinedly coupled, the lower abutment 20 has a polygonal shape such as a hexagon that is inserted into the coupling groove at the top of the fixture 10 to be coupled. (20a) and the fixing screw hole (20c) which is formed to extend in the vertical direction on the upper side of the mold part (20a) and to which the fixing screw 28 for coupling with the fixture (10) is fastened is formed from the top of the mold part (20a) ) formed to be in communication with the lower end of the vertical coupling portion (20b), and the vertical coupling portion (20b) formed to be inclined at a certain angle with respect to the axis perpendicular to one side of the lower portion for coupling with the upper abutment (30) The screw hole 21 includes an inclined coupling portion 20d formed to a predetermined depth from the upper end, and the fixing screw 28 is inserted through the fixing screw hole 20c of the vertical coupling portion 20b. 28) is fixed by being screwed to the female screw groove 12 and the fixing screw hole 20c of the fixture 10, and the connecting screw 60 through the upper screw hole 35 of the upper abutment 30 ) is inserted and then helically coupled to the thread formed on the inner circumferential surface of the lower screw hole 21 of the inclined coupling portion 20d.

In the above, the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains may make various substitutions, additions and modifications within the scope not departing from the technical spirit described above. Of course, it should be understood that such modified embodiments also fall within the protection scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims below.

B: alveolar bone G: gum
R : Resin 10 : Fixture
11: coupling groove 12: female thread groove
20: lower abutment 20a: molded part
20b: vertical coupling part 20c: fixing screw hole
20d: inclined coupling part 21: lower screw hole
22: washer guide projection 23: rotation prevention groove
24: anti-rotation protrusion 25: female thread part
26: positioning mark 28: fixed screw
30: upper abutment 31: body part
32: resin filling part 33: flange part
35: upper threaded hole 36: positioning mark
37: retention groove 40: prosthesis (crown)
50: cushion washer 60: connecting screw
61: head part 62: male thread part
63: tool insertion groove

Claims (10)

a fixture that is implanted and fixed in the alveolar bone, the coupling groove is concavely formed in the upper end, and the female screw groove in which a thread is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the coupling groove is formed to communicate with each other;
a lower abutment that is coupled to be inserted into the coupling groove of the fixture, the upper surface is flat, and the lower screw hole is formed to penetrate in the vertical direction coaxially with the female screw groove;
an upper abutment whose lower surface is parallel to the upper surface of the lower abutment and is seated on the upper surface of the lower abutment, and the upper screw hole is formed to penetrate in the vertical direction;
a tooth-shaped prosthesis (crown) into which the upper abutment is inserted and fixed; and,
a connecting screw fastened to the upper screw hole of the upper abutment, the lower screw hole of the lower abutment, and the female screw groove of the fixture through the upper end of the prosthesis;
including,
The upper abutment includes a polygonal body part inserted and fixed inside the prosthesis, a resin filling part formed to extend upwardly at the upper end of the body part and having a thinner thickness than the body part, and an upper part at the lower end of the body part. A dental implant comprising a flange portion which is formed to protrude inside the inner circumferential surface of the hole and is pressed in contact with the head portion of the connecting screw. The dental implant of claim 1, further comprising a ring-shaped cushion washer installed between the upper surface of the lower abutment and the lower surface of the upper abutment to distribute occlusal force. The dental implant according to claim 2, wherein a washer guide protrusion supporting an outer edge of the cushion washer is formed to protrude upward along an edge of the upper surface of the lower abutment. The dental implant according to claim 3, wherein an outer surface of the washer guide protrusion has a curved surface. delete The dental use according to claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the lower abutment has an oval shape, and the anti-rotation groove into which the anti-rotation protrusion formed to protrude downwardly is inserted at the lower end of the upper abutment is concavely formed on one side of the upper surface. implant. According to claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the lower abutment is made of an elliptical shape, the anti-rotation protrusion inserted into the anti-rotation groove formed concave upwardly at the lower end of the upper abutment on one side of the upper surface to protrude upward. Formed dental implants. The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of retention grooves in the form of a band extending in the circumferential direction are arranged vertically on the outer surface of the upper abutment to increase bonding force with the prosthesis. The positioning mark for guiding the coupling position of the lower abutment and the upper abutment on the outer surface of the upper end of the lower abutment or the outer surface of the washer guide protrusion and the outer surface of the lower end of the upper abutment Dental implants each of which is formed. According to claim 1, wherein the lower abutment is formed to extend in a vertical direction on the upper side of the mold fitting portion with a polygonal shape fitting portion inserted into the coupling groove of the upper end of the fixture to be coupled to the fixture A vertical coupling part in which a fixing screw hole to which the fixing screw is fastened communicates from the upper end to the lower end of the mold-fitting part is formed to be inclined at a certain angle with respect to an axis perpendicular to one side of the vertical coupling part, and for coupling with the upper abutment The lower screw hole includes an inclined coupling part formed to a predetermined depth from the upper end, and the fixing screw is inserted through the fixing screw hole of the vertical coupling part, and the lower part of the fixing screw is screwed to the female screw groove and the fixing screw hole of the fixture and fixed. , A dental implant that is spirally coupled to the thread formed on the inner circumferential surface of the lower screw hole of the inclined coupling part after the connecting screw is inserted through the upper screw hole of the upper abutment.

Images