KR102314063B1 - Ultra-compact Linear Conjugate Phase Generation Device - Google Patents

Abstract

A conjugated phase generator is disclosed. The conjugated phase generator receives an LO signal and an RF signal, and receives a frequency mixer that generates a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of a phase of the RF signal, and receives the first output signal and a limiter for generating a second output signal that is a differential amplification signal of the first output signal, wherein the limiter has a point P1dB lower than a point P1dB of the frequency mixer.

Description

Ultra-compact Linear Conjugate Phase Generation Device

The present invention relates to an apparatus for generating a conjugated phase, and more particularly, to an apparatus for generating a linear conjugated phase with variable gain characteristics in a reverse directional array system.

According to the recent Internet of Things (IoT) era, numerous small and low-power devices are being installed indoors, and charging problems for these numerous sensors and devices are also emerging. Accordingly, in the IoT era, various wireless power transmission technologies are being developed as a technology that can solve the charging problem of numerous low-power devices and secure the mobility and autonomy of the devices at the same time.

Most of the currently commercialized wireless power transfer technologies employ a contact-type near-field wireless power transfer. However, most short-range wireless power transmission schemes operate only at a short distance of several cm and a low frequency of several MHz.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration 10-0604396 Republic of Korea Patent Publication 10-2010-0079080

An object of the present invention is to minimize the radiation loss according to the distance from several m corresponding to a long distance by increasing the array antenna gain by using a beam-forming technique using a phased array antenna, and high power An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for generating a conjugated phase of a far-field wireless power transfer that enables power to be transmitted with transmission efficiency.

A conjugate phase generator according to an embodiment of the present invention receives an LO signal and an RF signal and generates a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF signal, the frequency mixer, and the first output signal. 1 includes a limiter that receives an output signal and generates a second output signal that is a differential amplification signal of the first output signal, wherein the limiter may have a lower P1dB point than the P1dB point of the frequency mixer.

Here, the limiter may allow the output power of the second output signal to be saturated at an input power lower than the input power when the output power of the first output signal is saturated.

Here, the limiter may be based on a differential amplifier.

Here, the limiter may include an input terminal for receiving the first output signal, and a second output terminal connected to the input terminal to output the second output signal.

Here, the limiter may further include an active load connected to the second output terminal to act as a load of the input terminal.

Here, the frequency mixer may be based on a Gilbert cell.

Here, the frequency mixer may include an LO terminal receiving the LO signal, an RF terminal receiving the RF signal, and a first output terminal outputting the first output signal.

Here, in the frequency mixer, a difference between a conversion gain of the frequency mixer and an RF-IF feedthrough may be greater than or equal to a preset value.

Here, the frequency mixer may further include a load unit connected to the first output terminal cascade to allow the frequency mixer to operate at a resonant frequency.

Here, it may further include a buffer connected between the frequency mixer and the limiter.

Here, the input terminal of the buffer is connected to the first output terminal, the output terminal of the buffer is connected to the input terminal of the limiter can improve the isolation (isolation) of the first output signal.

In the RF module included in the reverse directional array system according to an embodiment of the present invention, a receiver for receiving an RF signal from a terminal, an IF receiving the RF signal and the LO signal and having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF frequency signal A conjugate phase generator generating a first output signal that is a signal of a frequency band, receiving the first output signal, and generating a second output signal that is a differential amplification signal of the first output signal, and the second output signal to the terminal Including a transmitter for transmitting an output signal, the limiter may have a point P1dB lower than the point P1dB of the frequency mixer.

Here, the conjugated phase generator receives the LO signal and the RF signal and generates a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF signal, a frequency mixer, and the first output signal It may include a limiter for receiving the input and generating a second output signal that is a differential amplification signal of the first output signal.

Here, the limiter may allow the output power of the second output signal to be saturated at an input power lower than the input power when the output power of the first output signal is saturated.

Here, the limiter is an input terminal receiving the first output signal, a second output terminal connected to the input terminal to output the second output signal, and an active load connected to the second output terminal and acting as a load of the input terminal It may include more wealth.

Here, the frequency mixer may be based on a Gilbert cell.

Here, the frequency mixer is connected to an LO terminal receiving the LO signal, an RF terminal receiving the RF signal, a first output terminal outputting the first output signal, and the frequency mixer is dependently connected to the first output terminal It may include a load unit for allowing the frequency mixer to operate at a resonant frequency.

Here, further comprising a buffer connected between the frequency mixer and the limiter, the input terminal of the buffer is connected to the first output terminal, the output terminal of the buffer is connected to the input terminal of the limiter of the first output signal Isolation can be improved.

A reverse directional array system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one RF module, and a terminal for exchanging signals with the at least one RF module, wherein the at least one RF module receives an RF signal from the terminal receiving the RF signal and the LO signal to generate a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF frequency signal, and receives the first output signal to receive the first output signal Conjugated phase generator for generating a second output signal that is a differential amplified signal of, and a transmitter for transmitting the second output signal to the terminal, wherein the limiter has a lower P1dB point than the P1dB point of the frequency mixer. have.

Here, the conjugated phase generator receives the LO signal and the RF signal and generates a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF signal, a frequency mixer, and the first output signal and a limiter for receiving an input and generating a second output signal that is a differential amplification signal of the first output signal, wherein the limiter is the second at an input power lower than the input power when the output power of the first output signal is saturated The output power of the output signal can be saturated.

Here, the frequency mixer may be based on a Gilbert cell.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to minimize the radiation loss according to the distance by increasing the array antenna gain, and to increase the power transmission efficiency.

In addition, it is possible to provide a linear micro-conjugated phase generator capable of varying the gain.

In addition, miniaturization and integration of the entire device can be achieved, and overall power consumption for driving the device can be reduced, thereby increasing the efficiency of operation.

1 schematically shows a reverse directional arrangement system.
2 is a block diagram of a conventional RF module included in a reverse directional array system.
3 is a block diagram of an apparatus for generating a conjugated phase according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a beamforming performance error of a reverse directional array system and characteristics of a frequency mixer.
5 is a detailed circuit diagram of a conjugated phase generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 illustrates an example of a simulation result of a conjugated phase generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7A is a comparison of the output power of the present invention with the conventional Gilbert cell-based frequency mixer.
7B is a comparison of the phase response of the present invention with the conventional Gilbert cell-based frequency mixer.

Specific structural or functional descriptions of the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention disclosed herein are only exemplified for the purpose of explaining the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention, and the embodiment according to the concept of the present invention These may be embodied in various forms and are not limited to the embodiments described herein.

Since the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention may have various changes and may have various forms, the embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail herein. However, this is not intended to limit the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention to specific disclosed forms, and includes changes, equivalents, or substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Terms such as first or second may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one element from another element, for example, without departing from the scope of rights according to the concept of the present invention, a first element may be named as a second element, Similarly, the second component may also be referred to as the first component.

When a component is referred to as being “connected” or “connected” to another component, it is understood that the other component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in between. it should be On the other hand, when it is mentioned that a certain element is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle. Expressions describing the relationship between elements, for example, “between” and “between” or “directly adjacent to”, etc. should be interpreted similarly.

The terminology used herein is used only to describe specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this specification, terms such as "comprise" or "have" are intended to designate that the described feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof exists, and includes one or more other features or numbers, It should be understood that the possibility of the presence or addition of steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof is not precluded in advance.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present specification. does not Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

An implementation method for beamforming is largely divided into two methods. The phase shifted array method implements a beam using a phase shifter that can separately control the phase of each antenna output signal, and the retro-directive array method uses a received signal It is a method of realizing a beam by changing the phase of α to a conjugate phase and transmitting it as an output signal again.

1 schematically shows a reverse directional arrangement system.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the reverse directional array system 1 includes a terminal 10 requiring wireless power transmission and at least one RF module 20a, 20b, 20c.

)을 가진 신호를 수신하며, 각각의 안테나가 수신한 신호를 공액위상(

)을 가진 신호로 변환하여 변환된 신호를 단말기(10)를 향해 송신한다.When the terminal 10 requiring wireless power transmission in the reverse directional array system 1 transmits a signal, at least one or more RF modules 20a, 20b, and 20c included in the reverse directional array system 1 receive the signal. do. Here, a phase difference occurs between signals received by respective antennas included in at least one or more RF modules 20a, 20b, and 20c due to the position of the antenna. In other words, the reverse directional array system uses different phases (

), and the signal received by each antenna is

) and transmits the converted signal toward the terminal 10 .

Here, the terminal 10 includes a mobile terminal (MT), a mobile station (MS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), a high reliability mobile station (HR-MS), a subscription It may refer to a subscriber station (SS), a portable subscriber station (PSS), an access terminal (AT), user equipment (UE), etc., and may refer to a terminal, MT, MS, AMS , may include all or some functions of HR-MS, SS, PSS, AT, UE, etc.

As described above, in order to convert the phase of the signal received from the terminal 10 into a conjugated phase, the reverse directional array system 1 includes at least one RF module 20a, 20b, 20c including a frequency mixer. ) is included.

2 is a block diagram of a conventional RF module included in a reverse directional array system.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the RF module 20 includes an antenna 21 , a circulator 23 , a receiver 25 , a transmitter 27 and a conjugate phase generator. (29).

The antenna 21 receives an RF signal from the terminal 10 or transmits an output signal from the transmitter 27 to the terminal 10 .

The circulator 23 transmits the RF signal received by the antenna 21 to the receiver 25 , or transmits a signal from the transmitter 27 to the antenna 21 .

The receiver 25 transfers the RF signal received from the circulator 23 to the frequency mixer. For the reception of the RF signal, the receiver 25 may further include a phase shifter for converting the phase of the received RF signal, a filtering unit for removing noise of the received signal, and an amplifier for amplifying the strength of the received signal. can

The transmitter 27 transmits the output signal from the conjugated phase generator 29 to the terminal 10 . In order to transmit the output signal, it may further include a filtering unit that passes only the channel band being used and an amplifier that amplifies the strength of the output signal.

Meanwhile, the receiver 25 and the transmitter 27 are not separated from the antenna 21 , but may be implemented in a form including the antenna 21 .

The conjugate phase generator 29 converts the phase of the RF signal received from the receiver 25 into a conjugate phase to generate an output signal.

In the reverse directional array system 1 including the above-described components, the conjugate phase information should not be damaged for beamforming, and the power of the output signal output from each antenna 21 should be constant. If the power of the output signal of each antenna 21 is different, an error occurs in beamforming, so that a beam is formed in a direction different from the direction to be transmitted or the shape of the beam is distorted.

To this end, the conjugated phase generator 29 includes a frequency mixer 29a, a directional coupler 29b, a logarithmic amplifier 29c, and a variable gain amplifier 29d.

The frequency mixer 29a mixes the RF signal and the LO signal to generate an IF output signal. The frequency mixer 29a generates an IF output signal as shown in Equation 1 below.

를 갖는 IF 출력신호를 얻을 수 있다.In Equation 1, the IF signal has a frequency corresponding to the sum or difference of the RF frequency, which is the frequency of the RF signal, and the LO frequency, which is the frequency of the LO signal. Here, the frequency mixer 29a is a conjugate phase through low-pass filtering.

It is possible to obtain an IF output signal with

The directional coupler 29b senses the output signal of the frequency mixer 29a through coupling, and transmits it to the log amplifier 29c.

The log amplifier 29c converts the output signal sensed from the directional coupler 29b into an output voltage proportional to the log value of the RF power.

The variable gain amplifier 29d controls the gain of the output signal so that the terminal 10 has a required gain. Control of the gain may be performed using the output voltage converted by the log amplifier 29c.

Meanwhile, the conjugated phase generator 29 included in the conventional RF module 20 described above has the following problems. First, since the frequency mixer 29a, the directional coupler 29b, the log amplifier 29c, and the variable gain amplifier 29d are required to generate the conjugate phase, it is difficult to miniaturize and integrate the entire RF module. Next, the AM-PM (Amplitude Modulation-Phase Modulation) characteristic does not have linearity.

In particular, since the conventional conjugated phase generator 29 does not have linearity in AM-PM characteristics, it does not have a constant output phase according to a change in input power of a received signal, thereby causing an error in beamforming.

In order to solve the problems of the conventional RF module 20 as described above, a conjugated phase generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is proposed.

3 is a block diagram of an apparatus for generating a conjugated phase according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the conjugated phase generator 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frequency mixer 100 , a buffer 200 , and a limiter 300 .

The frequency mixer 100 generates an IF output signal by mixing the RF signal and the LO signal as described above. The frequency mixer 100 is preferably a double-balanced based mixer such as, for example, a Gilbert cell, so that each port is isolated as much as possible to minimize interference between each signal. .

On the other hand, since the performance of the frequency mixer 100 greatly affects the beamforming performance of the reverse directional arrangement system 1, it is preferable to be designed to minimize the beamforming performance error.

Referring to FIG. 4 showing the relationship between the beamforming performance error of the reverse directional array system and the characteristics of the frequency mixer, according to an embodiment, when the LO frequency is 4.9 [GHz] and the RF frequency is 2.5 [GHz], An IF signal of 2.4 [GHz] is output. At this time, the RF signal is output together with the IF signal due to the RF-IF feedthrough phenomenon of the frequency mixer 100 . Here, when the power difference between the RF signal and the IF signal output together is 26 [dBc] or more, an error of 10 [cm] or less left and right for the terminal 10 2 [m] away from the reverse directional array system 1 is can be seen to occur.

Therefore, in order to minimize the beamforming performance error, the frequency mixer 100 is preferably designed so that the difference between the conversion gain of the frequency mixer and the RF-IF feedthrough is greater than or equal to a preset value.

The buffer 200 is connected between the frequency mixer 100 and the limiter 300, and even by connecting the frequency mixer 100 and the limiter 300 through this buffer 200, the isolation of the output signal is can be improved

On the other hand, according to an embodiment, when the buffer 200 is omitted, the conjugated phase generator 30 may be of a form in which the frequency mixer 100 and the limiter 300 are cascadedly connected.

The limiter 300 is cascadingly connected to the frequency mixer 100 or the buffer 200 . The limiter 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention must be designed to i) have a lower P1dB than the frequency mixer 100, and ii) have a constant AM-PM characteristic in a region where the output power is saturated.

When the limiter 300 is connected with the frequency mixer 100, the phase information of the input signal is not damaged by lowering the P1dB point of the final output signal and the region where the output power is saturated, and the P1dB point and frequency of the limiter 300 It can have a constant AM-PM characteristic in the region between the P1dB point of the mixer 100.

5 is a detailed circuit diagram of a conjugated phase generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the case of the Gilbert cell-based frequency mixer 100 according to an embodiment will be described. Meanwhile, the transistor shown in the circuit diagram may include both junction type transistors (BJTs) and field effect transistors (FETs) as switching elements.

Referring to FIG. 5 , first, the LO terminal 120 of the frequency mixer 100 receives an LO signal from a local oscillator, and the RF terminal 110 receives an RF signal. Here, the received LO signals LO+ and LO- have opposite phase differences, and the RF signals RF+ and RF- are also the same.

Each drain of the transistors M1 and M2 included in the RF terminal 110 is connected to the LO terminal 120 , and respective sources of M1 and M2 are connected to a current mirror. The RF terminal 110 amplifies the received RF signals and transmits them to the LO terminal 120 connected to the drains of M1 and M2.

The LO stage 120 includes transistors M3 to M6 to receive the LO signal. Here, M3 and M6 receive the LO+ signal, and M4 and M5 receive the LO- signal. Each gate of M4 and M5 receiving the LO- signal is interconnected, and respective drains of M3 and M5 and respective drains of M4 and M6 are connected to the output terminal 130 of the frequency mixer.

Accordingly, the frequency mixer 100 may mix the input LO signal and the RF signal to output the first output signal, which is a signal in an intermediate frequency (IF) band between the LO signal and the RF signal, to the output terminal 130 . The first output signals are up-converted and down-converted, respectively, and have opposite phase differences.

Here, the frequency mixer 100 may further include a load unit 140 between the output terminal 130 and the power source VDD. The load unit 140 according to an embodiment is preferably designed as a resonant circuit that allows the frequency mixer 100 to operate at a specific frequency (resonant frequency).

The buffer 200 is connected between the frequency mixer 100 and the limiter 300 to be described later. Specifically, the input terminal 210 of the buffer is connected to the output terminal 130 of the frequency mixer, and the output terminal 220 of the buffer. is connected to the input terminal 310 of the limiter. On the other hand, the buffer 200 is a circuit of various types that can improve the isolation when the first output signal of the frequency mixer 100 is transferred to the input terminal 310 of the limiter in addition to the buffer 200 shown in FIG. can be configured.

The limiter 300 is dependently connected to the frequency mixer 100 or the buffer 200 so that the output power of the second output signal is saturated at an input power lower than the input power when the output power of the first output signal is saturated. . Looking at the circuit diagram of the limiter 300 in more detail, the limiter 300 may be designed based on a differential amplifier (Differential Amplifier).

The input terminal 310 of the limiter receives the first output signal mixed through the frequency mixer 100. Here, the input terminal 310 of the limiter includes a differential pair of transistors M7 and M8. The second output signal, which is the final differential amplification output signal, can be obtained from the drain of each of M7 and M8, which is the output terminal 320 of the limiter.

Meanwhile, respective sources of M7 and M8 are connected to the bias current terminal 330 , and respective drains of M7 and M8 are connected to the active load unit 340 . The active load unit 340 includes transistors M9 to M12, and serves as a load of the differential pair M7 and M8.

_{When the V DS} of each transistor included in the limiter 300 _{is lower than the voltage (V sat} ) for operation in the saturation region, the output resistance of the output terminal 320 decreases, thereby limiting the output swing. Therefore, as described above, the region in which the output power is saturated can be reduced.

The above-described conjugated phase generator 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be included in the RF module and the reverse directional array system 1 including the RF module.

When included in the RF module, the conjugated phase generator 30 receives the RF signal from the receiver receiving the RF signal from the terminal 10 and generates an output signal of the IF band, and the transmitter transmits the output signal to the terminal 10 ) can be sent to

When included in the reverse directional array system 1, the reverse directional array system 1 includes at least one RF module including the above-described conjugated phase generating device 30, and the at least one RF module for sending and receiving signals. It may include a terminal 10 .

6 illustrates an example of a simulation result of a conjugated phase generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6 , it can be confirmed that the output signal of the conjugated phase generator has a conjugated phase of the phase of the input signal. That is, by generating an output signal having a phase opposite to the phase of the input signal received from the terminal, a beam can be formed by the terminal transmitting the input signal.

7A is a comparison of the output power of the present invention with the conventional Gilbert cell-based frequency mixer.

Referring to FIG. 7A , when only the frequency mixer is used, the output power is saturated when the input power is -2 [dBm]. On the other hand, in the case of the conjugated phase generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention, by adding a limiter, the P1dB point is lowered than when only the frequency mixer is used, and the output power is saturated when the input power is -12 [dBm]. That is, variable gain can be obtained when the input power is -12 [dBm].

7B is a comparison of the phase response of the present invention with the conventional Gilbert cell-based frequency mixer.

Referring to FIG. 7B , it can be seen that when only the frequency mixer is used, the AM-PM characteristic changes rapidly as the input power is saturated from -2 [dBm]. On the other hand, in the case of the conjugated phase generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, the input power when the output power is saturated by adding a limiter has a constant AM-PM characteristic from -12 [dBm] to 0 [dBm].

As described above, the present invention can obtain a constant AM-PM characteristic by preserving the phase information of the input signal as it is by adding a limiter to the existing frequency mixer, and obtain a variable gain from when the output power is saturated, It can replace the directional coupler, log-amplifier and variable-gain amplifier coupled to the conventional frequency mixer, and can have more improved performance.

As described above, although the embodiments have been described with reference to the limited drawings, various modifications and variations are possible by those skilled in the art from the above description. For example, the described techniques are performed in a different order than the described method, and/or the described components of the system, structure, apparatus, circuit, etc. are combined or combined in a different form than the described method, or other components Or substituted or substituted by equivalents may achieve an appropriate result.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are also within the scope of the following claims.

1: Reverse directional array system
10: terminal 20: RF module
30: conjugated phase generator
100: frequency mixer 200: buffer
300: limiter
110: RF stage 120: LO stage
130: output stage of the frequency mixer 140: load part
210: input terminal of the buffer 220: output terminal of the buffer
310: input terminal of the limiter 320: output terminal of the limiter
330: bias current stage 340: active load

Claims (21)

a frequency mixer that receives the LO signal and the RF signal and generates a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF signal; and
and a limiter for receiving the first output signal and generating a second output signal that is a differential amplification signal of the first output signal,
The limiter is a conjugate phase generator having a point P1dB lower than the point P1dB of the frequency mixer.
According to claim 1,
The limiter is a conjugated phase generator so that the output power of the second output signal is saturated at an input power lower than the input power when the output power of the first output signal is saturated.
According to claim 1,
The limiter is a conjugate phase generator based on a differential amplifier.
4. The method of claim 3,
The limiter is
an input terminal receiving the first output signal; and
and a second output terminal connected to the input terminal and configured to output the second output signal.
5. The method of claim 4,
The limiter is connected to the second output terminal Conjugate phase generating device further comprising an active load that acts as a load of the input terminal.
According to claim 1,
The frequency mixer is a conjugated phase generator based on a Gilbert cell.
7. The method of claim 6,
The frequency mixer
an LO stage receiving the LO signal;
an RF stage receiving the RF signal; and
and a first output terminal for outputting the first output signal.
8. The method of claim 7,
In the frequency mixer, a difference between a conversion gain of the frequency mixer and an RF-IF feedthrough is greater than or equal to a preset value.
9. The method of claim 8,
The frequency mixer is connected to the first output terminal dependently, the conjugated phase generator further comprising a load for the frequency mixer to operate at a resonant frequency.
According to claim 1,
Conjugated phase generator further comprising a buffer connected between the frequency mixer and the limiter.
delete In the RF module included in the reverse directional array system,
a receiver for receiving an RF signal from the terminal;
It receives the RF signal and the LO signal to generate a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF signal, and receives the first output signal to receive a differential amplification signal of the first output signal a conjugated phase generator for generating a second output signal; and
a transmitter for transmitting the second output signal to the terminal;
The conjugate phase generator is an RF module having a point P1dB lower than the point P1dB.
13. The method of claim 12,
The conjugated phase generator is
a frequency mixer that receives the LO signal and the RF signal and generates a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF signal; and
RF module including a limiter for receiving the first output signal and generating a second output signal that is a differential amplification signal of the first output signal.
14. The method of claim 13,
The limiter is an RF module so that the output power of the second output signal is saturated at an input power lower than the input power when the output power of the first output signal is saturated.
15. The method of claim 14,
The limiter is
an input terminal receiving the first output signal;
a second output terminal connected to the input terminal to output the second output signal; and
The RF module further comprising an active load connected to the second output terminal to act as a load of the input terminal.
14. The method of claim 13,
The frequency mixer is an RF module based on a Gilbert cell.
17. The method of claim 16,
The frequency mixer
an LO stage receiving the LO signal;
an RF stage receiving the RF signal;
a first output terminal for outputting the first output signal; and
The frequency mixer is connected to the first output terminal dependently, the RF module including a load unit for the frequency mixer to operate at a resonant frequency.
18. The method of claim 17,
Further comprising a buffer connected between the frequency mixer and the limiter,
The input terminal of the buffer is connected to the first output terminal, the output terminal of the buffer is connected to the input terminal of the limiter RF module to improve the isolation (isolation) of the first output signal.
at least one RF module; and
and a terminal exchanging a signal with the at least one RF module,
The at least one RF module
a receiver for receiving an RF signal from the terminal;
It receives the RF signal and the LO signal to generate a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF signal, and receives the first output signal to receive a differential amplification signal of the first output signal a conjugated phase generator for generating a second output signal; and
a transmitter for transmitting the second output signal to the terminal;
The conjugated phase generator is a reverse directional array system having a point P1dB lower than the point P1dB.
20. The method of claim 19,
The conjugated phase generator is
a frequency mixer that receives the LO signal and the RF signal and generates a first output signal that is a signal of an IF frequency band having a conjugate phase of the phase of the RF signal; and
and a limiter for receiving the first output signal and generating a second output signal that is a differential amplification signal of the first output signal,
The limiter is a reverse directional arrangement system such that the output power of the second output signal is saturated at an input power lower than the input power when the output power of the first output signal is saturated.
21. The method of claim 20,
The frequency mixer is a reverse directional array system based on a Gilbert cell.

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