KR102312752B1 - Apparatus and method for decontaminating metal radioactive waste and treating remaining decontamination waste liquid - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for decontaminating metal radioactive waste and treating remaining decontamination waste liquid Download PDF

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KR102312752B1
KR102312752B1 KR1020210063810A KR20210063810A KR102312752B1 KR 102312752 B1 KR102312752 B1 KR 102312752B1 KR 1020210063810 A KR1020210063810 A KR 1020210063810A KR 20210063810 A KR20210063810 A KR 20210063810A KR 102312752 B1 KR102312752 B1 KR 102312752B1
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activated carbon
decontamination
solution
waste
waste liquid
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KR102312752B9 (en
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조준호
안승건
박현오
고봉기
오하영
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주식회사 선광티앤에스
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06Processing
    • G21F9/12Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D35/00Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/02Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/001Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
    • G21F9/002Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes
    • G21F9/004Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes of metallic surfaces
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating a decontamination waste liquid remaining after decontaminating radioactive metal waste using a decontamination liquid in which an acid liquid is mixed with surfactant, and a method therefor. The apparatus for treating a decontamination waste liquid comprises: a stirring vessel which includes a stirring blade and into which a decontamination waste liquid is injected such that the decontamination waste liquid and a neutralizing liquid can be stirred; a filter disposed in the stirring vessel; a waste liquid storage tank connected to the stirring vessel so as to be in communication with fluid in the stirring vessel; and a vacuum pump connected to the waste liquid storage tank. A precipitate generated by the stirring of the decontamination waste liquid and the neutralizing liquid is filtered in the filter and a waste liquid from which the precipitate is removed moves to the waste liquid storage tank by the negative pressure provided by the vacuum pump and is stored in the waste liquid storage. According to the configuration, it is possible to provide an apparatus for treating a decontamination waste liquid, which is provided to treat a decontamination waste liquid in which an acid liquid is mixed with a surfactant and which remains after being used for decontamination of radioactive metal waste generated in a nuclear power plant and the like and a method therefor.

Description

금속 방사성폐기물을 제염하고 남은 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치 및 방법 {Apparatus and method for decontaminating metal radioactive waste and treating remaining decontamination waste liquid}Apparatus and method for decontaminating metal radioactive waste and treating remaining decontamination waste liquid

본 발명은 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액을 이용하여 금속 방사성폐기물을 제염하고 남은 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치 및 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for decontamination of metal radioactive waste using a decontamination solution in which an acidic solution and a surfactant are mixed and for processing the remaining decontamination waste solution.

원자력시설 내 복잡한 형상이나 대면적의 금속 폐기물을 제염하기 위해서는 황산과 같은 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액이 사용된다. 계면활성제는 제염액의 부피를 증가시켜 제염 후 폐액의 발생량을 감소시키는 이점이 있어 금속 폐기물의 제염에 사용된다. In order to decontaminate metal waste with complex shapes or large areas in nuclear facilities, a decontamination solution mixed with an acidic solution such as sulfuric acid and a surfactant is used. Surfactants increase the volume of the decontamination liquid and reduce the amount of waste liquid after decontamination, so it is used for decontamination of metal waste.

제염 후 발생되는 폐액은 황산을 기반으로 하여 산성도가 높고, 폐액에는 계면활성제와 방사성 이온들이 존재하고 있다. 산성의 폐액을 전처리 없이 원자력발전소 액체폐기물 처리계통에 유입시키면, 액체폐기물 계통 내 함유된 핵종들의 휘발 문제와 계통 내 부식을 발생시킬 수 있다. The waste solution generated after decontamination has high acidity based on sulfuric acid, and surfactants and radioactive ions are present in the waste solution. If acidic waste liquid is introduced into the liquid waste treatment system of a nuclear power plant without pretreatment, it may cause a problem of volatilization of nuclides contained in the liquid waste system and corrosion in the system.

원자력발전소는 운전 과정에서 발생하는 액체 방사성폐기물의 정화 및 농도 저감을 위해 이온교환수지를 사용하고 있다. 금속 폐기물의 제염 후 발생되는 폐액 중에 포함된 계면활성제가 원자력발전소 액체폐기물 처리계통에 바로 유입되면, 이온교환수지 주위를 감싸는 파울링 현상이 발생한다. 이러한 파울링 현상은 이온교환수지의 교환능력을 저감시켜 폐기물 발생량을 증가시키는 문제가 발생하기 때문에, 폐액 중에 포함된 계면활성제를 제거하는 공정은 필수적으로 갖춰야 하는 공정이다. Nuclear power plants use ion exchange resins to purify and reduce the concentration of liquid radioactive waste generated during operation. When the surfactant contained in the waste liquid generated after decontamination of metal waste is directly introduced into the liquid waste treatment system of a nuclear power plant, fouling occurs around the ion exchange resin. Since this fouling phenomenon reduces the exchange capacity of the ion exchange resin and increases the amount of waste generated, the process of removing the surfactant contained in the waste liquid is an essential process.

따라서, 원자력시설에서 발생되는 금속 폐기물을 제염하기 위해 사용되는 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염 폐액을 효율적으로 처리하기 위한 방법이 필요한 실정이다.Therefore, there is a need for a method for efficiently treating a decontamination waste liquid in which an acidic liquid and a surfactant are mixed used to decontaminate metal waste generated in nuclear facilities.

대한민국 등록특허 제10-1919150호Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1919150

따라서, 본 발명은 상기 사정을 감안하여 발명한 것으로, 원자력발전소 등에서 발생되는 금속 방사성폐기물의 제염에 사용되고 남은 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치 및 방법을 제공하고자 함에 목적이 있다. Therefore, the present invention was invented in view of the above circumstances, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for treating a decontamination waste liquid in which an acidic liquid and a surfactant remaining after being used for decontamination of metal radioactive waste generated in a nuclear power plant, etc. have.

상술한 바와 같은 목적을 구현하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액을 이용하여 금속 방사성폐기물을 제염하고 남은 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치는, 제염 폐액과 중화액이 투입되고 교반날개가 배치되어 제염 폐액과 중화액이 교반될 수 있는 교반용기; 상기 교반용기 내에 배치되는 여과필터; 상기 교반용기에 유체 연통 가능하게 연결되는 폐액 저장탱크; 상기 폐액 저장탱크에 연결되는 진공펌프; 를 포함하고, 제염 폐액과 중화액의 교반에 의해 발생되는 침전물은 상기 여과필터에서 여과되고, 침전물이 제거된 폐액은 상기 진공펌프에서 제공되는 음압에 의해 상기 폐액 저장탱크로 이동하여 저장된다. An apparatus for decontamination of metal radioactive waste using a decontamination solution in which an acidic solution and a surfactant are mixed according to the present invention for realizing the object as described above and processing the remaining decontamination waste solution, the decontamination waste solution and the neutralizing solution are input and A stirring vessel in which agitating blades are disposed so that the decontamination waste solution and the neutralization solution can be stirred; a filtration filter disposed in the stirring vessel; a waste liquid storage tank connected to the stirring vessel in fluid communication; a vacuum pump connected to the waste liquid storage tank; Including, the sediment generated by the agitation of the decontamination waste liquid and the neutralizing liquid is filtered in the filtration filter, and the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed is moved to the waste liquid storage tank by the negative pressure provided by the vacuum pump and stored.

또한, 침전물이 제거된 폐액과, 활성탄 분말이 용해된 활성탄 용액이 투입되고, 교반날개가 배치되는 제2 교반용기; 상기 제2 교반용기와 연결되는 유로; 상기 유로와 연결되고 활성탄 제거 필터가 내장되는 활성탄 제거 하우징; 을 포함하고, 침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액은 상기 제2 교반용기에서 교반되어 폐액에 포함된 계면활성제가 활성탄 분말에 흡착될 수 있고, 침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액의 교반액은 상기 유로를 통해 상기 활성탄 제거 하우징으로 이송되어, 활성탄 분말이 상기 활성탄 제거 필터에서 제거되고, 나머지 액체는 상기 활성탄 제거 하우징의 밸브를 통해 외부로 배출될 수 있다. In addition, the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed, and the activated carbon solution in which the activated carbon powder is dissolved is put in, a second stirring vessel in which a stirring blade is disposed; a flow path connected to the second stirring vessel; an activated carbon removal housing connected to the flow path and having a built-in activated carbon removal filter; The waste liquid and the activated carbon solution from which the sediment is removed are stirred in the second stirring vessel so that the surfactant contained in the waste liquid can be adsorbed to the activated carbon powder, and the stirred liquid of the waste liquid and the activated carbon solution from which the sediment is removed is in the flow path is transferred to the activated carbon removal housing through the, activated carbon powder is removed from the activated carbon removal filter, the remaining liquid may be discharged to the outside through the valve of the activated carbon removal housing.

또한, 상기 제2 교반용기의 하부와 상기 유로 사이에 연결되는 저장용기; 상기 저장용기 내에 배치되고 활성탄 분말이 내장되는 활성탄 필터; 를 더 포함하고, 상기 제2 교반용기에서 침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액의 교반액은 상기 저장용기로 이송되어 상기 활성탄 필터를 통과하면서 추가로 폐액 중의 계면활성제를 흡착할 수 있다. In addition, a storage container connected between the lower portion of the second stirring container and the flow path; an activated carbon filter disposed in the storage container and having an activated carbon powder embedded therein; Further comprising, the stirring liquid of the waste liquid and the activated carbon solution from which the sediment has been removed from the second stirring container is transferred to the storage container and passes through the activated carbon filter to further adsorb the surfactant in the waste liquid.

본 발명의 다른 실시예에 따른 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액을 이용하여 금속 방사성폐기물을 제염하고 남은 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 방법은, 교반용기에 제염 폐액과 중화액을 투입하여 교반하는 단계; 제염 폐액과 중화액의 교반에 의해 발생되는 침전물을 제거하는 단계; 제2 교반용기에 침전물이 제거된 폐액을 투입하는 단계; 상기 제2 교반용기에 활성탄 분말이 용해된 활성탄 용액을 투입하여 침전물이 제거된 폐액과 교반함으로써, 폐액 중에 포함된 계면활성제가 활성탄 분말에 흡착되게 하는 단계; 계면활성제를 흡착한 활성탄 분말을 제거하는 단계; 활성탄이 제거된 나머지 액체를 외부로 배출하는 단계; 를 포함한다. According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is a method for decontamination of metal radioactive waste using a decontamination solution in which an acidic solution and a surfactant are mixed and the remaining decontamination waste solution is treated by adding a decontamination waste solution and a neutralizing solution to a stirring container and stirring. step; removing a precipitate generated by agitation of the decontamination waste solution and the neutralization solution; Putting the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed into the second stirring vessel; adding an activated carbon solution in which the activated carbon powder is dissolved into the second stirring vessel and stirring with the waste solution from which the sediment is removed, so that the surfactant contained in the waste solution is adsorbed to the activated carbon powder; removing the activated carbon powder to which the surfactant is adsorbed; discharging the remaining liquid from which the activated carbon has been removed; includes

또한, 상기 계면활성제를 흡착한 활성탄 분말을 제거하는 단계는, 침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액의 교반액을 활성탄 제거 필터가 내장된 활성탄 제거 하우징으로 이송하는 단계; 상기 활성탄 제거 필터에서 계면활성제가 흡착된 활성탄을 제거하는 단계; 를 포함한다. In addition, the step of removing the activated carbon powder adsorbed on the surfactant, transferring the stirred liquid of the waste liquid and the activated carbon solution from which the sediment is removed to an activated carbon removal housing having a built-in activated carbon removal filter; removing the activated carbon to which the surfactant is adsorbed from the activated carbon removal filter; includes

본 발명에 따르면, 원자력발전소 등에서 발생되는 금속 방사성폐기물의 제염에 사용되고 남은 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치 및 방법을 제공할 수 있다. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an apparatus and method for treating a decontamination waste liquid in which an acidic liquid and a surfactant remaining after being used for decontamination of metal radioactive waste generated in a nuclear power plant and the like are mixed.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치의 일부 구성을 도시하는 도면이다.
도 2는 도 1의 장치의 후단에 배치되는 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 나머지 구성을 도시하는 도면이다.
1 is a view showing a partial configuration of an apparatus for treating a decontamination waste liquid according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing the remaining configuration for treating the decontamination waste liquid disposed at the rear end of the apparatus of FIG. 1 .

이하 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대한 구성 및 작용을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다. 여기서 각 도면의 구성요소들에 대해 참조부호를 부가함에 있어서 동일한 구성요소들에 한해서는 비록 다른 도면상에 표시되더라도 가능한 한 동일한 부호로 표기되었음에 유의하여야 한다.Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, in adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that only the same components are marked with the same reference numerals as much as possible even though they are displayed on different drawings.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치의 일부 구성을 도시하는 도면이다. 도 2는 도 1의 장치의 후단에 배치되는 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 나머지 구성을 도시하는 도면이다. 1 is a view showing a partial configuration of an apparatus for treating a decontamination waste liquid according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view showing the remaining configuration for treating the decontamination waste liquid disposed at the rear end of the apparatus of FIG. 1 .

원자력시설에서 발생되는 금속폐기물은 용기 안에 금속폐기물을 넣고 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액을 사용하여 제염한다. 사용 후 남은 제염 폐액에 포함된 산성액과 계면활성제는 원자력발전소 액체폐기물 처리계통에 유입하기 위해 적절한 처리를 거쳐야 한다. 본 발명은 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액을 이용하여 금속 방사성폐기물을 제염하고 남은 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치에 관한 것이다. Metal waste generated from nuclear power facilities is decontaminated by putting the metal waste in a container and using a decontamination solution mixed with an acidic solution and a surfactant. The acidic liquid and surfactant contained in the decontamination waste liquid remaining after use must undergo appropriate treatment in order to flow into the liquid waste treatment system of the nuclear power plant. The present invention relates to an apparatus for decontamination of metal radioactive waste using a decontamination solution in which an acidic solution and a surfactant are mixed, and processing the remaining decontamination waste solution.

상기 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치는 교반용기(110), 여과필터(120), 폐액 저장탱크(130), 진공펌프(135), 제2 교반용기(140), 활성탄 공급펌프(152), 저장용기(160), 유로(180), 활성탄 제거 하우징(190) 등을 포함한다. The apparatus for treating the decontamination waste liquid includes a stirring vessel 110 , a filtration filter 120 , a waste liquid storage tank 130 , a vacuum pump 135 , a second stirring vessel 140 , an activated carbon supply pump 152 , and storage. It includes a container 160 , a flow path 180 , an activated carbon removal housing 190 , and the like.

교반용기(110)는 제염 폐액을 중화하기 위한 것이다. 교반용기(110)는 선반(101) 위에 설치되는 지지대(103)에 지지될 수 있다. 선반(101)은 바퀴(102)가 설치되어 이동 가능할 수 있다. The stirring vessel 110 is for neutralizing the decontamination waste solution. The stirring vessel 110 may be supported by a support 103 installed on the shelf 101 . The shelf 101 may be movable with wheels 102 installed.

제염 폐액은 금속폐기물을 제염하는데 사용된 것으로, 산성액과 계면활성제를 포함한다. 본 실시예에서, 금속폐기물을 제염하기 위해 사용되는 산성액은 황산일 수 있다. 교반용기(110)에는 제염 폐액과 중화액이 투입되고 내부에 교반날개(111)가 배치되어 제염 폐액과 중화액이 교반될 수 있다. 제염 폐액과 중화액을 교반용기(110) 내로 투입하기 위해 펌프(116, 117)가 교반용기(110)에 연결될 수 있다. The decontamination waste liquid is used to decontaminate metal waste, and it contains an acidic liquid and a surfactant. In this embodiment, the acidic liquid used to decontaminate the metal waste may be sulfuric acid. The decontamination waste solution and the neutralizing solution are put into the stirring vessel 110 , and the stirring blades 111 are disposed therein, so that the decontamination waste solution and the neutralizing solution can be stirred. Pumps 116 and 117 may be connected to the stirring vessel 110 to inject the decontamination waste liquid and the neutralizing liquid into the stirring vessel 110 .

여과필터(120)는 교반용기 내의 교반날개(111) 하부에 배치되고, 교반용기(110) 내의 고체 침전물을 여과하여 제거한다. 여과필터(120)는 타공판(121) 위에 배치되어 지지될 수 있다. The filtration filter 120 is disposed under the stirring blade 111 in the stirring vessel, and the solid precipitate in the stirring vessel 110 is removed by filtration. The filtering filter 120 may be disposed on and supported on the perforated plate 121 .

폐액 저장탱크(130)는 교반용기(110)에 유체 연통 가능하게 연결된다. The waste liquid storage tank 130 is connected to the stirring vessel 110 in fluid communication.

진공펌프(135)는 폐액 저장탱크(130)에 연결되어 폐액 저장탱크(130) 내부를 흡인함으로써, 교반용기(110) 내의 교반액이 여과필터(120)를 통해 폐액 저장탱크(130)로 유입되게 한다. The vacuum pump 135 is connected to the waste liquid storage tank 130 and sucks the inside of the waste liquid storage tank 130 , so that the stirring liquid in the stirring vessel 110 flows into the waste liquid storage tank 130 through the filtration filter 120 . make it

도 1을 참조하면, 교반용기(110)에는 제염 폐액과 중화액이 투입된다. 중화액은 제염 폐액 중에 포함된 황산(산성액)을 중화하여 제거하기 위한 것으로, 본 실시예에서 수산화바륨[Ba(OH)2]이 사용된다. Referring to FIG. 1 , the decontamination waste liquid and the neutralizing liquid are input to the stirring vessel 110 . The neutralizing liquid is for neutralizing and removing sulfuric acid (acidic liquid) contained in the decontamination waste liquid, and in this embodiment, barium hydroxide [Ba(OH) 2 ] is used.

교반날개(111)에 의해 제염 폐액과 수산화바륨을 교반하면 상등액과 침전물이 형성된다. 예를 들어, 1L 폐액 처리 시 800ml의 상등액과 200ml의 침전물이 형성된다. 산성(pH 1~2)의 제염 폐액을 중화액(pH 11~12)으로 pH 7~8이 되도록 중화시키고, 제염 폐액 내에 존재하는 방사성 이온들은 침전물과 함께 제거될 수 있다. When the decontamination waste liquid and barium hydroxide are stirred by the stirring blade 111, a supernatant and a precipitate are formed. For example, 800 ml of supernatant and 200 ml of precipitate are formed when 1L waste liquid is treated. The acidic (pH 1-2) decontamination waste solution is neutralized to a pH of 7-8 with a neutralizing solution (pH 11-12), and radioactive ions present in the decontamination waste solution can be removed together with the precipitate.

H2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 -> BaSO4 + 2H2O 식 (1) H 2 SO 4 + Ba(OH) 2 -> BaSO 4 + 2H 2 O Formula (1)

Mn+ + n(OH)- -> M(OH)n 식 (2)M n+ + n(OH) - -> M(OH) n formula (2)

교반에 의해 발생되는 고체 침전물(BaSO4, M(OH)n)은 여과필터(120)에서 여과되고, 침전물이 제거된 폐액은 진공펌프(135)에서 제공되는 음압에 의해 폐액 저장탱크(130)로 이동하여 저장된다. 그에 따라, 제염 폐액은 고체 침전물과, 침전물이 제거된 폐액으로 분리될 수 있다. 침전물이 제거된 폐액에는 계면활성제가 포함되어 있어, 이후의 공정에서 계면활성제를 제거해야 한다. The solid precipitate (BaSO 4 , M(OH) n ) generated by stirring is filtered by the filtration filter 120 , and the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed is a waste liquid storage tank 130 by negative pressure provided by the vacuum pump 135 . Move to and save Accordingly, the decontamination waste liquid can be separated into a solid sediment and a waste liquid from which the sediment is removed. The waste liquid from which the sediment is removed contains surfactants, so surfactants must be removed in the subsequent process.

침전물이 제거된 폐액은 유로(136)를 통해 제2 교반용기(140)로 유입될 수 있다. The waste liquid from which the sediment is removed may be introduced into the second stirring vessel 140 through the flow path 136 .

도 2를 참조하면, 제2 교반용기(140)에는 침전물이 제거된 폐액이 투입되고 교반날개(141)가 배치된다. Referring to FIG. 2 , the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed is put into the second stirring vessel 140 , and the stirring blades 141 are disposed.

활성탄 공급펌프(152)는 제2 교반용기(140) 내로 활성탄 분말(Powder Activated Carbon : PAC)이 물에 용해된 활성탄 용액을 공급하기 위한 것이다. 활성탄 분말은 입상활성탄(Granular Activated Carbon : GAC)보다 비표면적이 넓어 흡착효율이 좋은 장점이 있다. 활성탄 용액은 교반 과정에서 침전물이 제거된 폐액에 포함된 계면활성제를 흡착하여 제거하기 위한 것이다. 제2 교반용기(140)에는 침전물이 제거된 폐액을 투입하기 위해 유로(136)와 연결되는 펌프(151)가 연결될 수 있다. The activated carbon supply pump 152 is for supplying an activated carbon solution in which activated carbon powder (Powder Activated Carbon: PAC) is dissolved in water into the second stirring vessel 140 . Activated carbon powder has a good adsorption efficiency because its specific surface area is wider than that of granular activated carbon (GAC). The activated carbon solution is for adsorbing and removing the surfactant contained in the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed during the stirring process. A pump 151 connected to the flow path 136 may be connected to the second stirring vessel 140 to put the waste liquid from which the sediment has been removed.

제2 교반용기(140)에는 펌프(151) 및 활성탄 공급펌프(152)에 의해 침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액이 투입되어 교반날개(141)에 의해 충분한 시간동안 교반된다. In the second stirring vessel 140 , the waste liquid from which the sediment has been removed by the pump 151 and the activated carbon supply pump 152 and the activated carbon solution are introduced and stirred for a sufficient time by the stirring blade 141 .

침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액은 교반 후, 하부의 저장용기(160)로 보내진다. 저장용기(160)에는 활성탄 분말이 내장되는 활성탄 필터(170)가 추가로 배치될 수 있다. The waste liquid and the activated carbon solution from which the sediment is removed are sent to the lower storage container 160 after stirring. An activated carbon filter 170 in which activated carbon powder is embedded may be additionally disposed in the storage container 160 .

제2 교반용기(140)에서 계면활성제를 흡착한 활성탄 용액은 활성탄 필터(170)를 통과하게 되고, 활성탄 필터(170)에 의해 추가로 계면활성제가 흡착될 수 있다. 활성탄 필터(170)의 상부와 하부에는 타공판(171)이 배치되어, 타공판(171)에 의해 활성탄 필터(170)를 지지하면서 교반된 용액이 다수의 유로를 통해 활성탄 필터(170)로 유입될 수 있게 한다. The activated carbon solution adsorbing the surfactant in the second stirring vessel 140 passes through the activated carbon filter 170 , and the surfactant may be additionally adsorbed by the activated carbon filter 170 . Perforated plates 171 are disposed on the upper and lower portions of the activated carbon filter 170, and the stirred solution while supporting the activated carbon filter 170 by the perforated plate 171 can be introduced into the activated carbon filter 170 through a plurality of flow paths. let there be

유로(180)는 제2 교반용기(140)와 연결된다. The flow path 180 is connected to the second stirring vessel 140 .

활성탄 제거 하우징(190)은 유로(180)와 연결되고 용기 내에 활성탄 제거 필터(191)가 내장된다. 활성탄 제거 필터(191)는 원통형으로 형성되고, 외부에 활성탄을 제거하기 위한 필터가 위치된다. 활성탄 제거 필터(191)의 내부에는 배출 밸브(192)와 연결되는 배관이 위치되어, 내부의 액체를 외부로 배출할 수 있다. The activated carbon removal housing 190 is connected to the flow path 180 and the activated carbon removal filter 191 is built in the container. The activated carbon removal filter 191 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a filter for removing the activated carbon is located on the outside. A pipe connected to the discharge valve 192 is positioned inside the activated carbon removal filter 191 to discharge the liquid therein to the outside.

침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액의 교반액은 활성탄 제거 하우징(190) 내로 유입되고, 계면활성제를 흡착한 활성탄은 활성탄 제거 필터(191)를 통과하지 못하고, 나머지 교반액은 활성탄 제거 필터(191)를 통해 내부로 유입되어, 배출 밸브(192)에 의해 외부로 배출될 수 있다. 활성탄 제거 필터(191)는 소정 시간 사용 후 교환될 수 있다. 활성탄 제거 하우징(190)의 상부에는 압력계(193)가 설치되어, 활성탄 제거 하우징(190) 내부의 압력을 측정할 수 있다.The stirred liquid of the sediment-removed waste liquid and the activated carbon solution is introduced into the activated carbon removal housing 190, the activated carbon adsorbing the surfactant does not pass through the activated carbon removal filter 191, and the remaining stirring liquid is the activated carbon removal filter 191. It may be introduced into the interior through the , and may be discharged to the outside by the discharge valve 192 . The activated carbon removal filter 191 may be replaced after use for a predetermined time. A pressure gauge 193 is installed on the upper portion of the activated carbon removal housing 190 to measure the pressure inside the activated carbon removal housing 190 .

상술한 본 발명의 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치는 교반용기(110)에서 제염 폐액과 중화액이 교반되면서 산성액을 고체 침전물로 침전시켜 제거할 수 있고, 계면활성제는 제2 교반용기(140)에서 활성탄 분말에 의해 흡착되어, 활성탄 제거 하우징(190)에서 제거될 수 있다. 나머지 액체 성분은 배출 밸브(192)에 의해 배출될 수 있다. The apparatus for treating the decontamination waste solution of the present invention described above can be removed by precipitating the acidic solution as a solid precipitate while the decontamination waste solution and the neutralizing solution are stirred in the stirring vessel 110, and the surfactant is the second stirring vessel 140. Adsorbed by the activated carbon powder in the, it can be removed from the activated carbon removal housing (190). The remaining liquid component may be discharged by means of a discharge valve 192 .

그에 따라, 원자력시설에서 발생되는 금속폐기물을 제염하기 위해 사용된 제염 폐액은 중화처리되고 계면활성제가 제거되어 원자력발전소 액체폐기물 처리계통에서 처리할 수 있는 상태가 된다. Accordingly, the decontamination waste liquid used to decontaminate the metal waste generated in the nuclear facility is neutralized and the surfactant is removed, so that it can be treated in the liquid waste treatment system of the nuclear power plant.

상기에서 교반용기(110) 내에 여과필터(120)가 배치되어 침전물을 제거하는 것으로 기재되었지만, 중화에 의해 발생되는 침전물은 필터 방식 외에도 감압증발, 원심분리, 고액분리 등 여러 방법에 의해 제거될 수 있다. Although it has been described above that the filtration filter 120 is disposed in the stirring vessel 110 to remove the sediment, the sediment generated by neutralization can be removed by various methods such as vacuum evaporation, centrifugation, solid-liquid separation, etc. in addition to the filter method. have.

이하에서는 도 1 및 도 2를 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액을 이용하여 금속 방사성폐기물을 제염하고 남은 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 방법을 설명하기로 한다. Hereinafter, a method for decontamination of metal radioactive waste using a decontamination solution in which an acidic solution and a surfactant are mixed according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 and processing the remaining decontamination waste solution.

먼저, 교반용기(110)에 제염 폐액과 중화액을 투입하여 교반한다. First, the decontamination waste liquid and the neutralizing liquid are put into the stirring vessel 110 and stirred.

다음에, 제염 폐액과 중화액의 교반에 의해 발생되는 침전물(고체 침전물)을 제거한다. 여기서, 침전물은 여과필터(120)에 의해 제거할 수 있고, 필터 방식 외에도 감압증발, 원심분리, 고액분리 등 여러 방법에 의해 제거될 수 있다. Next, the sediment (solid sediment) generated by stirring the decontamination waste liquid and the neutralizing liquid is removed. Here, the precipitate may be removed by the filtration filter 120 , and may be removed by various methods such as vacuum evaporation, centrifugation, and solid-liquid separation in addition to the filter method.

다음에, 제2 교반용기(140)에 침전물이 제거된 폐액을 투입한다. Next, the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed is put into the second stirring vessel 140 .

다음에, 제2 교반용기(140)에 활성탄 분말이 용해된 활성탄 용액을 투입하여 교반함으로써, 폐액 중에 포함된 계면활성제가 활성탄에 흡착되게 한다. Next, the activated carbon solution in which the activated carbon powder is dissolved is put into the second stirring vessel 140 and stirred, so that the surfactant contained in the waste solution is adsorbed to the activated carbon.

다음에, 교반액은 제2 교반용기(140)의 하부에 유체 연통되는 저장용기(160)로 유입되어 활성탄 필터(170)에서 추가로 계면활성제가 흡착될 수 있다. Next, the stirring liquid may be introduced into the storage vessel 160 in fluid communication with the lower portion of the second stirring vessel 140 , and the surfactant may be additionally adsorbed in the activated carbon filter 170 .

다음에, 침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액이 교반된 교반액을 활성탄 제거 하우징(190)으로 이송하고, 활성탄 제거 하우징(190) 내에 배치되는 활성탄 제거 필터(191)에 의해 활성탄 분말을 제거한다. 여기서, 활성탄 제거 필터(191)는 활성탄 제거 하우징(190) 내에 원통형으로 배치되고, 교반액 중에 포함된 활성탄 분말은 활성탄 제거 필터(191)를 통과하면서 제거되고, 나머지 액체는 활성탄 제거 필터(191) 내부로 유입될 수 있다. Next, the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed and the stirred liquid in which the activated carbon solution is stirred are transferred to the activated carbon removal housing 190 , and the activated carbon powder is removed by the activated carbon removal filter 191 disposed in the activated carbon removal housing 190 . Here, the activated carbon removal filter 191 is disposed in a cylindrical shape in the activated carbon removal housing 190, the activated carbon powder contained in the stirring liquid is removed while passing through the activated carbon removal filter 191, and the remaining liquid is the activated carbon removal filter 191. can flow inside.

다음에, 활성탄 분말이 제거된 나머지 액체를 활성탄 제거 필터(191) 내부와 연결되는 밸브를 통해 외부로 배출한다. Next, the remaining liquid from which the activated carbon powder is removed is discharged to the outside through a valve connected to the inside of the activated carbon removal filter 191 .

활성탄 분말은 활성탄 제거 필터(191)에 의한 방식 외에도 감압증발, 원심분리, 고액분리 등 여러 방법에 의해 제거될 수 있다. Activated carbon powder may be removed by various methods such as vacuum evaporation, centrifugation, and solid-liquid separation in addition to the method by the activated carbon removal filter 191 .

상기 방법을 실시하고 중화공정 후 금속이온(Co) 제거율을 확인하였다. After carrying out the above method and the neutralization process, the removal rate of metal ions (Co) was confirmed.

Ba(OH)2를 이용해 제염 폐액의 중화공정을 거쳐 금속이온 제거율은 96.20%로 확인되었다. Through the neutralization process of the decontamination waste solution using Ba(OH) 2 , the metal ion removal rate was confirmed to be 96.20%.

ICP 분석결과ICP analysis result 화학 조성chemical composition 금속이온 농도(ppm)Metal ion concentration (ppm) 제거율(%)Removal rate (%) 200 ppm Co + Ba(OH)2 / pH 8200 ppm Co + Ba(OH) 2 / pH 8 1.31.3 96.2096.20

다음에, 반응시간 및 활성탄 투입량에 따른 계면활성제 제거율을 확인하였다. Next, the surfactant removal rate according to the reaction time and the amount of activated carbon was confirmed.

PAC(분말활성탄)과 제염 폐액을 흡착반응 진행하였을 때, PAC 1 wt% 투입량과 1시간 반응시간으로 최적의 흡착반응 조건을 찾았으며, 제거율 98.29%를 확인하였다.When the adsorption reaction of PAC (powder activated carbon) and decontamination waste liquid was carried out, the optimum adsorption reaction conditions were found with 1 wt% of PAC input and 1 hour reaction time, and the removal rate of 98.29% was confirmed.

TOC 분석결과TOC analysis result 반응시간reaction time 화학 조성chemical composition 총 유기탄소량(ppm)Total organic carbon (ppm) 제거율(%)Removal rate (%) 1시간1 hours 1 wt% EM-100 + 1 wt% PAC1 wt% EM-100 + 1 wt% PAC 42.142.1 98.2998.29

상술한 바와 같은 본 발명의 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 방법에 따르면, 산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액을 이용하여 금속 방사성폐기물을 제염하고 남은 제염 폐액에서 산성액을 중화액으로 중화시켜 침전물을 형성하여 제거하고, 침전물이 제거된 폐액은 활성탄 용액과 교반하여 폐액 중에 포함된 계면활성제를 활성탄 분말로 흡착시켜 활성탄 제거 필터(191)를 통해 제거하고, 나머지 교반액은 밸브를 통해 배출할 수 있다. 그에 따라, 제염 폐액에서 산성액과 계면활성제를 대부분 제거하고 원자력발전소 액체폐기물 처리계통에서 처리할 수 있는 상태의 액체 상태로 배출할 수 있다. According to the method for treating the decontamination waste liquid of the present invention as described above, the metal radioactive waste is decontaminated using the decontamination liquid mixed with the acidic liquid and the surfactant, and the acidic liquid is neutralized with the neutralizing liquid in the remaining decontamination waste liquid to remove the precipitate. The waste liquid from which the precipitate is removed is stirred with the activated carbon solution to adsorb the surfactant contained in the waste liquid to the activated carbon powder to remove it through the activated carbon removal filter 191, and the remaining stirring liquid can be discharged through the valve. . Accordingly, most of the acidic liquid and surfactant can be removed from the decontamination waste liquid and discharged in a liquid state that can be treated in the liquid waste treatment system of the nuclear power plant.

본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되지 않고 본 발명의 기술적 요지를 벗어나지 아니하는 범위 내에서 다양하게 수정 또는 변형되어 실시될 수 있음은 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 있어서 자명한 것이다.It is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be implemented with various modifications or variations without departing from the technical gist of the present invention. will be.

101 : 선반
102 : 바퀴
103 : 지지대
110 : 교반용기
111 : 교반날개
116, 117 : 펌프
120 : 여과필터
121 : 타공판
130 : 폐액 저장탱크
135 : 진공펌프
136 : 유로
140 : 제2 교반용기
141 : 교반날개
151 : 펌프
152 : 활성탄 공급펌프
160 : 저장용기
170 : 활성탄 필터
171 : 타공판
180 : 유로
190 : 활성탄 제거 하우징
191 : 활성탄 제거 필터
192 : 배출 밸브
193 : 압력계
101 : shelf
102 : wheel
103: support
110: stirring vessel
111: stirring blade
116, 117: pump
120: filtration filter
121: perforated plate
130: waste liquid storage tank
135: vacuum pump
136: Euro
140: second stirring vessel
141: stirring blade
151: pump
152: activated carbon supply pump
160: storage container
170: activated carbon filter
171: perforated plate
180: Euro
190: activated carbon removal housing
191: activated carbon removal filter
192: drain valve
193: pressure gauge

Claims (5)

산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액을 이용하여 금속 방사성폐기물을 제염하고 남은 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치에 있어서,
제염 폐액과 중화액이 투입되고 교반날개가 배치되어 제염 폐액과 중화액이 교반될 수 있는 교반용기;
상기 교반용기 내에 배치되는 여과필터;
상기 교반용기에 유체 연통 가능하게 연결되는 폐액 저장탱크;
상기 폐액 저장탱크에 연결되는 진공펌프;
를 포함하고,
제염 폐액과 중화액의 교반에 의해 발생되는 침전물은 상기 여과필터에서 여과되고,
침전물이 제거된 폐액은 상기 진공펌프에서 제공되는 음압에 의해 상기 폐액 저장탱크로 이동하여 저장되고,
상기 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치는,
침전물이 제거된 폐액과, 활성탄 분말이 용해된 활성탄 용액이 투입되고, 교반날개가 배치되는 제2 교반용기;
상기 제2 교반용기와 연결되는 유로;
상기 유로와 연결되고 활성탄 제거 필터가 내장되는 활성탄 제거 하우징;
을 더 포함하고,
침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액은 상기 제2 교반용기에서 교반되어 폐액에 포함된 계면활성제가 활성탄 분말에 흡착될 수 있고,
침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액의 교반액은 상기 유로를 통해 상기 활성탄 제거 하우징으로 이송되어, 활성탄 분말이 상기 활성탄 제거 필터에서 제거되고, 나머지 액체는 상기 활성탄 제거 하우징의 밸브를 통해 외부로 배출될 수 있는 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치.
In an apparatus for decontamination of metal radioactive waste using a decontamination solution in which an acidic solution and a surfactant are mixed, and for processing the remaining decontamination waste solution,
a stirring vessel in which the decontamination waste and neutralizing liquid are put and agitating blades are disposed so that the decontamination waste and the neutralizing liquid can be stirred;
a filtration filter disposed in the stirring vessel;
a waste liquid storage tank connected to the stirring vessel in fluid communication;
a vacuum pump connected to the waste liquid storage tank;
including,
The precipitate generated by the agitation of the decontamination waste solution and the neutralization solution is filtered in the filter,
The waste liquid from which the sediment is removed is moved and stored in the waste liquid storage tank by the negative pressure provided by the vacuum pump,
An apparatus for treating the decontamination waste liquid,
a second stirring vessel in which the waste liquid from which the precipitate has been removed and the activated carbon solution in which the activated carbon powder is dissolved, and the stirring blades are disposed;
a flow path connected to the second stirring vessel;
an activated carbon removal housing connected to the flow path and having a built-in activated carbon removal filter;
further comprising,
The waste liquid and the activated carbon solution from which the sediment is removed are stirred in the second stirring vessel so that the surfactant contained in the waste liquid can be adsorbed to the activated carbon powder,
The stirred liquid of the waste liquid and the activated carbon solution from which the sediment is removed is transferred to the activated carbon removal housing through the flow path, the activated carbon powder is removed from the activated carbon removal filter, and the remaining liquid is discharged to the outside through the valve of the activated carbon removal housing. A device for the treatment of possible decontamination waste liquids.
삭제delete 제1항에 있어서,
상기 제2 교반용기의 하부와 상기 유로 사이에 연결되는 저장용기;
상기 저장용기 내에 배치되고 활성탄 분말이 내장되는 활성탄 필터;
를 더 포함하고,
상기 제2 교반용기에서 침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액의 교반액은 상기 저장용기로 이송되어 상기 활성탄 필터를 통과하면서 추가로 폐액 중의 계면활성제를 흡착할 수 있는 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 장치.
According to claim 1,
a storage container connected between the lower part of the second stirring container and the flow path;
an activated carbon filter disposed in the storage container and having an activated carbon powder embedded therein;
further comprising,
An apparatus for treating a decontamination waste liquid capable of adsorbing a surfactant in the waste liquid while the stirred liquid of the waste liquid and the activated carbon solution from which the sediment is removed from the second stirring container is transferred to the storage container and passes through the activated carbon filter.
산성액과 계면활성제가 혼합된 제염액을 이용하여 금속 방사성폐기물을 제염하고 남은 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 방법에 있어서,
교반용기에 제염 폐액과 중화액을 투입하여 교반하는 단계;
제염 폐액과 중화액의 교반에 의해 발생되는 침전물을 제거하는 단계;
제2 교반용기에 침전물이 제거된 폐액을 투입하는 단계;
상기 제2 교반용기에 활성탄 분말이 용해된 활성탄 용액을 투입하여 침전물이 제거된 폐액과 교반함으로써, 폐액 중에 포함된 계면활성제가 활성탄 분말에 흡착되게 하는 단계;
계면활성제를 흡착한 활성탄 분말을 제거하는 단계;
활성탄이 제거된 나머지 액체를 외부로 배출하는 단계;
를 포함하고,
상기 계면활성제를 흡착한 활성탄 분말을 제거하는 단계는,
침전물이 제거된 폐액과 활성탄 용액의 교반액을 활성탄 제거 필터가 내장된 활성탄 제거 하우징으로 이송하는 단계;
상기 활성탄 제거 필터에서 계면활성제가 흡착된 활성탄을 제거하는 단계;
를 포함하는 제염 폐액을 처리하기 위한 방법.
In the method for decontamination of metal radioactive waste using a decontamination solution in which an acidic solution and a surfactant are mixed, and for treating the remaining decontamination waste solution,
Agitating the decontamination waste solution and the neutralizing solution into a stirring vessel;
removing a precipitate generated by agitation of the decontamination waste solution and the neutralization solution;
Putting the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed into the second stirring vessel;
adding an activated carbon solution in which the activated carbon powder is dissolved into the second stirring vessel and stirring with the waste solution from which the precipitate is removed, so that the surfactant contained in the waste solution is adsorbed to the activated carbon powder;
removing the activated carbon powder to which the surfactant is adsorbed;
discharging the remaining liquid from which the activated carbon has been removed;
including,
The step of removing the activated carbon powder adsorbing the surfactant,
transferring the stirred liquid of the waste liquid from which the sediment is removed and the activated carbon solution to an activated carbon removal housing having an activated carbon removal filter;
removing the activated carbon to which the surfactant is adsorbed from the activated carbon removal filter;
A method for treating a decontamination waste solution comprising a.
삭제delete
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