KR102311476B1 - Transceiver mounted on multimode radar and multimode radar including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar and a multi-mode radar including the same are disclosed, and the transceiver mounted on the multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application includes at least one of a distance to a target to be detected and the number of targets to be detected. A transmission unit for transmitting a transmission signal corresponding to each mode of the multi-mode including a plurality of modes divided based on It may include a local oscillator that determines a waveform and a receiver that receives the received signal reflected from the target from the transmission signal.

Description

Transceiver mounted on multi-mode radar and multi-mode radar including same

The present application relates to a transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar and a multi-mode radar including the same.

Radar is an electronic device invented to detect and discriminate moving objects regardless of climatic conditions, day and night, and respond appropriately to the situation. Radar is being used in place of the human eye in various environments that cannot be easily solved by manpower, and in particular, it is used in a variety of ways, including security equipment for intrusion detection, automobiles, robots, and military applications. Therefore, its performance can be maximized only when it is designed and installed suitable for various environments and purposes.

In addition, as a number of countries have been damaged by drone attacks in recent years, the demand for anti-drones and surveillance radars for military or civilian use is explosively increasing. However, most of the currently commercialized radars detect only one of the target's position (distance) and speed, so whether the target is an object (for example, a drone, etc.) It is not easy to distinguish whether or not (eg, a bird, etc.)

In other words, despite the need for a general-purpose surveillance radar that responds intelligently according to the operating environment, the existing conventional radar system operates only in a specific detection environment, such as specializing in long-range detection or monitoring only a short-range target, The limitations were clear, and with the new development of drones, the need for introducing a new radar system that can easily detect the movement of a target that can appear newly and overcome the performance limitations of the existing radar is gradually increasing.

The technology that is the background of the present application is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1076001.

The present application is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and a transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar that can be used by switching a radar mode corresponding to a detection situation for a target, such as a long-range target, a short-range target, or a multi-target, as needed, and It aims to provide a multi-mode radar including this.

However, the technical problems to be achieved by the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the technical problems as described above, and other technical problems may exist.

As a technical means for achieving the above technical problem, the transceiver mounted on the multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application is a plurality of divided based on at least one of a distance to a target to be detected and the number of targets to be detected. A transmission unit for transmitting a transmission signal corresponding to each mode of the multi-mode including four modes toward a target external to the radar, and a local oscillation unit for determining a transmission waveform of a transmission signal corresponding to at least one mode of the multi-mode And it may include a receiving unit for receiving the received signal reflected from the transmission signal from the target.

In addition, the multi-mode includes a long-range target detection mode in which the distance to the target is a long distance, a short-range target identification mode requiring rapid identification of the target by approaching the target, and a multi-target identification mode in which the number of targets is plural. may include

In addition, the transmission signal in the remote target detection mode may include a LFM (Linear Frequency Modulation)-based pulse waveform.

Also, the transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode may include a Frequency Modulated Continuous Waveform (FMCW)-based waveform.

In addition, the transmission signal in the multi-target identification mode may be a mixture of the FMCW-based waveform and the CW (Continuous Waveform)-based waveform.

Also, the transmission signal in the remote target detection mode may be generated by a signal processor associated with the transceiver.

In addition, the transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode and the multi-target identification mode may be generated by the local oscillator.

In addition, the transmitter includes an up mixer for converting the inputted transmission signal into a high-frequency transmission signal, a first drive amplifier for amplifying power of the high-frequency transmission signal, and a power amplifier ( Power Amplifier) may be included.

In addition, the local oscillator, a phase locked loop (Phase Locked Loop) and a voltage control oscillator (Voltage Control Oscillator) for generating the transmission signal and a second driving amplifier for amplifying the power of the generated transmission signal (Drive Amplifier) and a mode selection switch for switching the mode to the short-range target identification mode or the multi-target identification mode.

In addition, the transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode or the multi-target identification mode may be transmitted from the transmitter through the second driving amplifier and the power amplifier.

In addition, the receiving unit, while suppressing the amplification of the noise included in the received signal, a low noise amplifier (Low Noise Amplifier) to amplify the received signal and at least one down-converter (DN) down-converting the frequency of the amplified received signal. Mixer) may be included.

In addition, the down mixer may be designed with an ICPM (Image Rejection Chopping Mode) structure for down-converting the frequency of the received signal while reducing flicker noise and image noise of the amplified received signal.

In addition, the received signal in the short-range target identification mode or the multi-target identification mode may include a frequency component of the transmission signal and a Doppler frequency component associated with the target.

Also, the down-mixer may operate such that the Doppler frequency component is maintained and the frequency component of the transmission signal is down-converted.

Meanwhile, the multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application corresponds to each mode of the multi-mode including a plurality of modes that are distinguished based on at least one of a distance to a target to be detected and the number of targets to be detected. Transmitting a transmission signal generated based on a transmission waveform of to at least one of the position information of the target, the speed information of the target, and the distance information to the target may include a signal processor for deriving at least one or more.

In addition, the multi-mode includes a long-range target detection mode in which the distance to the target is a long distance, a short-range target identification mode requiring rapid identification of the target by approaching the target, and a multi-target identification mode in which the number of targets is plural. may include

In addition, the transmission signal in the remote target detection mode includes a pulse waveform based on LFM (Linear Frequency Modulation), and the transmission signal in the remote target detection mode is generated by the signal processor and passed through the transceiver. can be sent.

In addition, the transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode includes a Frequency Modulated Continuous Waveform (FMCW)-based waveform, and the transmission signal in the multi-target identification mode includes the FMCW-based waveform and Continuous Waveform (CW)-based Waveforms of are mixed, and the transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode and the multi-target identification mode may be generated by a local oscillator included in the transceiver and transmitted through the transceiver.

In addition, the multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application, the long-range target detection mode, the short-range target identification mode, and the multi-target identification mode corresponding to each mode of the multi-mode so that each of the multi-target identification mode is mutually switched in a time division manner. It may include a mode changer for adjusting at least one of the transmission signal generation time and the transmission time of the generated transmission signal.

The above-described problem solving means are merely exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. In addition to the exemplary embodiments described above, additional embodiments may exist in the drawings and detailed description.

According to the above-described problem solving means of the present application, a transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar that can be used by switching a radar mode corresponding to a detection situation for a target, such as a long-range target, a short-range target, or a multi-target, as needed, and multiple including the same Mod radar can be provided.

According to the above-described problem solving means of the present application, it can be used as a radar for an anti-drone because it is possible to detect a long-distance target, to identify a short-range target in detail, and to individually distinguish multiple targets.

According to the above-described problem solving means of the present application, it is possible to provide a radar transmission/reception structure with excellent marketability and applicable to various fields such as vehicles and military surveillance radars.

However, the effects obtainable herein are not limited to the above-described effects, and other effects may exist.

1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application.
2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application.
3 is a detailed circuit diagram of a transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application.
4A is a detailed circuit diagram of a power amplifier included in a transmitter.
4B is a diagram for explaining a core structure of a power amplifier included in a transmitter.
5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a local oscillation unit.
6A is a circuit diagram of a phase frequency detector included in a phase locked loop of a local oscillator.
6B is a circuit diagram of a charge pump included in a phase-locked loop of a local oscillator.
6C is a circuit diagram of a loop filter included in a phase-locked loop of a local oscillator.
6D is a circuit diagram of a frequency distribution module included in a phase-locked loop of a local oscillator.
6E is a circuit diagram of a sigma-delta modulator included in a phase-locked loop of a local oscillator.
7 is a circuit diagram of a voltage regulated oscillator of the local oscillator.
8 is a circuit diagram of a downlink mixer included in the receiver.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains can easily implement them. However, the present application may be embodied in several different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present application in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

Throughout this specification, when a part is "connected" with another part, it is not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" or "indirectly connected" with another element interposed therebetween. "Including cases where

Throughout this specification, when it is said that a member is positioned "on", "on", "on", "under", "under", or "under" another member, this means that a member is positioned on the other member. It includes not only the case where they are in contact, but also the case where another member exists between two members.

Throughout this specification, when a part "includes" a component, it means that other components may be further included, rather than excluding other components, unless otherwise stated.

The present application relates to a transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar and a multi-mode radar including the same.

1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to Figure 1, a multi-mode radar (Proposed Smart Radar Platform, 10) according to an embodiment of the present application is a transceiver (Multimode RF Transceiver, 100) mounted on the multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application (hereinafter, ' It may include a transceiver 100 ') and a signal processor 200 .

According to an embodiment of the present application, the multi-mode radar 10 is a system-on-chip (SoC) type in which the transceiver 100 and the signal processor 200 are mounted together on a single chip (Chip). It may be provided, but is not limited thereto. In the description of the embodiment of the present application, the transceiver 100 may be referred to differently as a transceiver, a front-end architecture, or the like.

The transceiver 100 includes a transmission waveform corresponding to each mode of a multi-mode including a plurality of modes that are distinguished based on at least one of a distance to a target to be detected (1A, 1B, 1C, etc.) and the number of targets to be detected. It is possible to transmit a transmission signal generated on the basis of , toward an external target. In addition, the transceiver 100 may receive a received signal in which the transmitted signal is reflected from the target.

The signal processor 200 obtains (receives) a received signal from the transceiver 100, and receives at least one or more of location information of at least one target, speed information of the target, and distance information to the target based on the obtained received signal. can be derived

According to an embodiment of the present application, the signal processor 200 may be equipped with an artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm for deriving various information related to the target from the received signal obtained from the transceiver 100 . For example, referring to FIG. 1 , the signal processor 200 may include a reconfigurable AI accelerator.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the signal processor 200 may provide the type of the detected target as a result of analyzing the received signal obtained from the transceiver 100 together with the accuracy probability or the reliability probability. For example, referring to FIG. 1 , the signal processor 200 identifies the target through a probability of which type the detected target corresponds to based on the received signal obtained from the transceiver 100 . (detection) results can be provided.

In addition, although not shown in the drawings, according to an embodiment of the present application, the multi-mode radar 10 is a multi-mode individual mode in the present application (eg, a long-range target detection mode, a short-range target identification mode, and a multi-target to be described later) identification mode) may include a mode switcher for adjusting at least one of a generation time of a transmission signal corresponding to each mode of the multi-mode and a transmission time of the generated transmission signal so that each is switched to each other in a time division manner.

Here, the conversion to the time division method temporally separates the transmission signals in each mode transmitted through one transceiver 100 so that the channels through which the respective transmission signals are propagated do not overlap each other, so that different channels for each time This may mean that the transmission signal corresponding to each mode can be transmitted in parallel. In other words, the multi-mode radar 10 of the present application may be designed to simultaneously detect a remote target and multiple targets by converting a multi-mode including a plurality of radar modes to time division. According to an embodiment of the present application, the mode converter may be designed as a CMOS-based integrated circuit and mounted on the multi-mode radar 10 .

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the mode switch (not shown) controls each of the multiple modes by controlling the mode selection switch 124 to be described later based on a separate user input for selecting any one of the multiple modes. At least one of a generation time of a transmission signal corresponding to the mode of , and a transmission time of the generated transmission signal may be adjusted.

The transceiver 100, the signal processor 200, and the mode converter (not shown) may communicate with each other through a network. A network (not shown) refers to a connection structure capable of exchanging information between respective nodes such as terminals and servers, and an example of such a network (not shown) includes a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) network, LTE (Long Term Evolution) network, 5G network, WIMAX (World Interoperability for Microwave Access) network, Internet, LAN (Local Area Network), Wireless LAN (Wireless Local Area Network), WAN (Wide Area Network), PAN ( Personal Area Network), wifi network, Bluetooth (Bluetooth) network, satellite broadcasting network, analog broadcasting network, DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) network, etc. are included, but are not limited thereto.

Hereinafter, the overall function and operation of the transceiver 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 , and a detailed description of each sub-element constituting the transceiver 100 will be described later.

2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 3 is a detailed circuit diagram of a transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar according to an embodiment of the present application.

2 and 3 , the transceiver 100 may include a transmitter 110 , a local oscillator 120 , and a receiver 130 .

The transmitter 110 transmits a transmission signal corresponding to each mode of the multi-mode including a plurality of modes divided based on at least one of a distance to a target to be detected and the number of targets to be detected toward a target outside the radar. can do.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the multi-mode is a long-range target detection mode when the distance to the target is a long distance, a short-range target identification mode that requires rapid identification of the target when the target approaches, and the multi-target multi-number of targets It may include a target identification mode.

Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present application, a transmission signal in a remote target detection mode among multiple modes may include a linear frequency modulation (LFM)-based pulse waveform. In addition, the transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode among the multi-mode may include a Frequency Modulated Continuous Waveform (FMCW)-based waveform. In addition, the transmission signal in the multi-target identification mode among the multi-modes may be a mixture of an FMCW-based waveform and a continuous waveform (CW)-based waveform.

In relation to the LFM-based pulse waveform in the remote target detection mode, the LFM (Linear Frequency Modulation) radar transmits a pulse, and then measures the distance and speed to the target using the reflected wave that the transmitted pulse hits from the target and returns. It is a radar that is used mainly for monitoring of very distant targets. In the case of the LFM radar, ambiguity occurs when the transmitted signal and the received signal overlap, making it difficult to distinguish the transmitted signal from the received signal.

In relation to the FMCW-based waveform in the short-range target identification mode or the multi-target identification mode, the frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar linearly increases the transmitted frequency to a predetermined frequency range over time and then decreases it again means a method of calculating the time and Doppler frequency using the difference between the transmitted frequency and the received frequency (Beat Frequency), and calculating the distance to the target and the speed of the target using the derived time and Doppler frequency do.

Regarding CW-based waveforms in multi-target identification mode, continuous wave (CW) radar (in other words, continuous wave radar) uses the Doppler effect to calculate the approach speed of an object (target) through Doppler frequency. it means.

For reference, comparing the operating environments of the three radar operation methods (LFM radar, FMCW radar, and CW radar) corresponding to each mode, CW radar is utilized for short-range target detection, and distance information to the target cannot be obtained. It can acquire information about the movement speed of the target without the presence of a target, and has a relatively simple hardware structure and signal processing method. In addition, the FMCW radar is used for short-range target detection and can acquire both distance information to the target and information on the movement speed of the target. It has simple features. In addition, the LFM radar is utilized for long-distance target detection, can acquire both distance information to the target and information on the movement speed of the target, and has a relatively complex hardware structure and signal processing method.

In summary, each mode of the multi-mode corresponding to each radar operation method for detecting a moving target depends on various variables (parameters) such as the target position, the speed at which the target moves, and the distance between the target and the target. and application situations are different. Therefore, the multi-mode radar 10 presented herein is designed to use all the characteristics of the above-mentioned three radars (LFM radar, FMCW radar, and CW radar) as needed, so that the target can be detected in various environments. implemented.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the transmission signal in the remote target detection mode may be generated by the signal processor 200 associated with the transceiver 100 and transmitted through the transmitter 110 .

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode and the multi-target identification mode, unlike the long-range target detection mode, is generated by the local oscillator 120 and transmitted through the transmission unit 110. .

Referring to FIG. 3 , the transmitter 110 may include an up-mixer 111 , a first driving amplifier 112 , and a power amplifier 113 . In addition, the local oscillator 120 may include a phase locked loop 121 , a voltage regulation oscillator 122 , a second driving amplifier 123 , and a mode selection switch 124 . In addition, the receiver 130 may include a low noise amplifier 131 and at least one or more downlink mixers 132 .

First, the transmitter 110 will be described. According to the embodiment of the present application, the transmitter 110 may be referred to as a Tx terminal, a Tx terminal, or the like.

The up mixer (Up Mixer, 111) may convert the input transmission signal into a high frequency transmission signal. In other words, the uplink mixer 111 may serve to shift the baseband transmission signal to the RF band. Here, the input transmission signal is input from the signal processor 200 to the transmitter 110 in the long-range target detection mode, and from the local oscillator 120 to the transmitter 110 in the short-range target identification mode or multi-target identification mode. may have been entered.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the upward mixer 111 may be designed in a double-balanced mixer structure, but is not limited thereto.

The first drive amplifier (Drive Amplifier, 112) and the power amplifier (Power Amplifier, 113) may amplify the power of the high frequency transmission signal.

4A is a detailed circuit diagram of a power amplifier included in the transmitter, and FIG. 4B is a diagram for explaining a core structure of the power amplifier included in the transmitter.

4A and 4B , the power amplifier 113 performs a function of amplifying the power of the transmission signal so that a signal having sufficient power can be transmitted (transmitted) toward the target at the end of the transmission unit 110 . In other words, the power amplifier 113 serves to amplify the power of the signal so that the transmission signal can sufficiently reach a target (target) that is relatively far away when radiating the transmission signal to the air through the antenna of the transmitter 110 . carry out

In addition, the power amplifier 113 amplifies the transmission signal based on a predetermined gain, but unlike other amplifiers, it is designed to flow a large amount of current from the output terminal, so that the output terminal can digest high dBm power. can

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the size of the transistor of the power amplifier 113 may be designed to be large in order to realize high output power. However, as the size of the transistor increases, the parasitic capacitance also increases. In order to prevent a decrease in output power due to the current leaking into the parasitic capacitance, the power amplifier 113 may be designed in a cross-coupled structure, and thus the leakage current can be offset.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the power amplifier 113 may include a transformer circuit at the output stage in order to increase the output power as much as possible and ensure sufficient headroom at the same time, and according to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the power amplifier 113 The total current passing through is 100mA and the output power can be secured about 9dBm.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the transmitter 110 may finally transmit a -20 dBm baseband signal (in other words, a baseband signal) at 24 GHz converted to a high frequency through the up-mixer 111 . At this time, the final output power may be exemplarily set to a level of 15 dBm. In order to implement the set final output power, the transceiver 100 according to an embodiment of the present application may have drive amplifiers 112 and 123 and a power amplifier 113 disposed together, and In this case, it may be designed as two separate paths (the first driving amplifier and the second driving amplifier).

Next, the local oscillator 120 will be described. According to an embodiment of the present application, the local oscillator 120 may be referred to as an LO, an LO path, or the like.

The local oscillator 120 may determine a transmission waveform of a transmission signal corresponding to at least one mode among multiple modes.

5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a local oscillation unit.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the local oscillator 120 may include a phase locked loop 121 and a voltage adjusted oscillator 122 . Also, although omitted in FIG. 5 , referring to FIG. 3 , the local oscillator 120 may include the second driving amplifier 123 and the mode selection switch 124 .

Also, referring to FIG. 5 , the phase locked loop 121 includes an automatic frequency calibration module (AFC; 1211), an error correction module (Error correction part, 1212), and a division ratio controller (Division ratio controller, 1213). ) and a frequency divider module (Frequency Divider, 1214). Also, the error correction module 1212 may include a phase frequency detector (PFD), a charge pump (CP), and a loop filter (LF). Also, the division ratio control module 1213 may include a sigma delta modulator (SDM).

A phase locked loop (PLL) 121 and a voltage control oscillator (VCO) 122 may generate a transmission signal. Here, the transmission signal generated by the phase locked loop 121 and the voltage adjustment oscillator 122 may be transmitted through the transmitter 110 in the short-range target identification mode or the multi-target identification mode.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the phase-locked loop 121 of the local oscillator 120 is a short-range target identification mode or multiple target identification associated with an FMCW-based waveform or a CW-based waveform based on a preset combination of waveform generation states. It is possible to generate a transmission signal in mode. For example, the waveform generation state may include a combination of four states of Up-Chirp/Down-Chirp/Hold/Reset, but is not limited thereto.

The transceiver 100 according to an embodiment of the present application (more specifically, the transceiver integrated circuit corresponding to the transceiver 100) may be designed based on the 1-poly 9-metal 65 nm CMOS process, The automatic frequency calibration module (AFC, 1211) may be provided in order to calibrate variations in active elements such as inductors and capacitors provided in the integrated circuit due to characteristics thereof.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the phase locked loop 121 may function to hold the frequency of the transmission signal generated by the local oscillator 120 so that it can be fixed in a predetermined frequency range. In addition, the phase locked loop 121 adjusts the voltage applied to the voltage adjustment oscillator 122 through a separate control input as needed so that the frequency of the transmission signal generated by the local oscillator 120 becomes a desired frequency range. can be moved In summary, the phase locked loop 121 may generate a frequency output waveform of the transmission signal generated by the local oscillator 120 and perform a frequency tuning function.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the specification of the phase locked loop 121 is illustratively as follows. First, the reference clock signal (Reference Clock) is 80 MHz, the loop bandwidth (Loop Bandwidth) is 430 kHz (3rd order), the sigma delta modulator (SDM) to be described later corresponds to the 20-bit 1-1-1 MASH type, and generates The output frequency F _out of the transmitted signal may be 24 GHz, and the frequency F _res applied to generate the transmission signal may be 610.35 Hz.

6A is a circuit diagram of a phase frequency detector included in a phase locked loop of a local oscillator.

Referring to Figure 6a, the phase frequency detector (PFD) of the error correction module 1212 included in the phase locked loop 121 according to an embodiment of the present application receives a reference clock signal (Reference Clock) of 80 MHz, The delay value (Delay) is designed to be 7 to 10% of the reference frequency period, but may be designed to adjust the delay value (Delay).

6B is a circuit diagram of a charge pump included in a phase-locked loop of a local oscillator.

6B, the charge pump (CP) of the error correction module 1212 included in the phase locked loop 121 according to an embodiment of the present application is designed to adjust the size of I_CPOUT to 2 bits by the reference current, The PMOS current tail and the NMOS current tail may operate to compensate for P and N mismatch of the current value of the CPOUT terminal according to the voltage value of the CPOUT terminal through feedback from the NMOS current tail.

6C is a circuit diagram of a loop filter included in a phase-locked loop of a local oscillator.

Referring to FIG. 6C , the loop filter LP of the error correction module 1212 included in the phase locked loop 121 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be designed as a third-order loop filter. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, unlike the phase-locked loop 121 is discrete, the loop filter LP may be designed through a simulation approximated by a linear model. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, since stability and phase noise show a trade-off relationship, it is possible to adjust the Pole Cap, Zero Res, and Zero Cap associated with the loop filter (LP). It can be designed to prepare for errors in measurement.

6D is a circuit diagram of a frequency distribution module included in a phase-locked loop of a local oscillator.

Referring to FIG. 6D , the frequency distribution module 1214 included in the phase locked loop 121 of the local oscillator 120 is designed using a Current Mode Latch (CML) because the frequency of the voltage regulation oscillator 122 is relatively high. can be According to an embodiment of the present application, the self oscillation frequency may be designed to be half of the input frequency, and may be arranged in a three-tier structure to operate to distribute 24 GHz in units of 3 GHz.

6E is a circuit diagram of a sigma-delta modulator included in a phase-locked loop of a local oscillator.

Referring to FIG. 6E , the sigma delta modulator (SDM) of the division ratio control module 1213 included in the phase locked loop 121 of the local oscillator 120 may be designed based on the 1-1-1 tertiary mesh type. have. In addition, when 0 and 1 are output to be repeated according to a predetermined rule, fractional spur may occur, so a Pseudo Random Code Generator may be utilized, and a sigma delta modulator (SDM) may be suitable for a High Bit DAC.

7 is a circuit diagram of a voltage regulated oscillator of the local oscillator.

Referring to FIG. 7 , according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the voltage-controlled oscillator 122 of the local oscillator 120 may have a frequency range of a transmit signal that can be generated from 23.5 GHz to 24.5 GHz, and the voltage-controlled oscillator 122 The capacitor included in may be designed to be adjustable through three bits. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the voltage regulated oscillator 122 may adopt a switchable triode transistor array (STTA) structure for improving phase noise.

Also, referring to FIG. 7 , the voltage regulation oscillator 122 may be designed in a complementary cross-coupled structure. In this regard, by appropriately setting the initial value of the Cap Bank of the voltage regulation oscillator 122 before the phase locked loop 121 operates, the settling time may be reduced.

The second driving amplifier (Drive Amplifier, 123) may amplify the power of the generated transmission signal.

The mode selection switch 124 may be provided to switch the operation mode of the multi-mode radar 10 to a short-range target identification mode or a multi-target identification mode.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode or the multi-target identification mode is transmitted from the transmission unit 110 via (in other words, passing through) the second driving amplifier 123 and the power amplifier 113 . it may be

Next, the receiver 130 will be described. According to the embodiment of the present application, the receiving unit 130 may be referred to as Rx, Rx terminal, or the like.

The low noise amplifier (LNA) 131 may amplify the received signal while suppressing amplification of noise included in the received signal as the transmitted signal is reflected from the target.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the low noise amplifier 131 minimizes the noise of the input received signal, amplifies it, and transmits it to the downlink mixer 132, and the signal to noise ratio (SNR, Signal to) of the transceiver 100 or the entire radar system. Noise Ratio) characteristics can be improved. In general, in the receiver 130 of the transceiver 100, a condition associated with a low noise figure and high linearity is prioritized rather than a condition associated with a voltage gain and a low power characteristic. can be designed with this in mind. According to an embodiment of the present application, the low noise amplifier 131 includes a Transformer of a Single to Differential conversion structure (in other words, a form that provides a differential output based on a single input), and is used for interstage and output matching. Transformer can be optimized through EM simulation. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, it is possible to reduce the frequency change due to the capacitance variation by removing all the DC-block capacitors of the interstage implemented by the transformer. The low-noise amplifier 131 according to an embodiment of the present application may be designed to have a gain of up to 40 dB at 24 GHz, an input reflection coefficient of -42 dB, and a noise figure value of 5.3 dB. It can operate to consume current.

The down-mixer (DN Mixer, 132) may down-convert the frequency of the amplified received signal. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the receiver 130 may include at least one or more downlink mixers 132 . For example, referring to FIG. 3 described above, the receiver 130 may include two downlink mixers 132 .

Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present application, the down-mixer 132 of the receiving unit 130 reduces the flicker noise and image noise of the amplified received signal while down-converting the frequency of the received signal in an Image Rejection Chopping Mode (ICPM). ) structure can be designed. For reference, the flicker noise may be referred to as flicker noise, 1/f noise, contact noise, or the like.

8 is a circuit diagram of a downlink mixer included in the receiver.

Referring to FIG. 8 , the down-mixer 132 may be designed by adopting the above-described Image Rejection Chopping Mode (ICPM) structure to improve noise, and when such an ICPM structure is applied, flicker noise Since an intermediate frequency band having a low effect on the signal can be used, a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) characteristic may be improved. In addition, the ICPM structure can selectively receive a desired signal from a received signal through Image Rejection, and removes the DC offset by feeding back a frequency corresponding to the down-converted DC component and Blocker Rejection. can be performed. In addition, it may be possible to determine whether the measurement object (target) is approaching or moving away by the downward mixer 132 designed in the ICPM structure.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the received signal applied to the receiver 130 in the short-range target identification mode or the multi-target identification mode is a frequency component of the transmitted signal transmitted from the transmitter 110 and a Doppler frequency associated with the target. ingredients may be included. In this case, the down-mixer 132 may operate (in other words, perform down-conversion) such that the Doppler frequency component associated with the target is maintained and the frequency component of the transmission signal transmitted from the transmitter 110 is down-converted.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the Doppler frequency component included in the received signal applied to the receiver 130 generally has a range of several tens of hertz, no matter how large it is measured, and this Doppler frequency component is a frequency component for the transmission signal. It corresponds to a very small frequency component compared to (for example, a transmission frequency of 24 GHz), and in order to transmit this small frequency component from the receiver 130 to an analog digital converter (ADC), a downlink having a double conversion structure A mixer 132 must be used. Referring to Figure 3 via the two down-mixer 132, received signals are first down-mixer 132 corresponding to the transceiver 100 as an example, a 24GHz + F _d that contains the number to be converted to 1.25MHz + Fd and then a double conversion structure can function to be converted to _{F d} via a second down mixer 132 . Here, F _d denotes a Doppler frequency to be extracted through the down mixer 132 .

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present application, the downward mixer 132 may be implemented based on a Full Balanced Passive Mixer and a Transimpedance Amplifier (TIA) circuit. In this case, the downward mixer 132 may include a structure that minimizes performance degradation with the LC tuned LO buffer by increasing the gate bias. In addition, the down mixer 132 may include an LO power driving buffer to deliver sufficient power (power) to the passive mixer circuit. In addition, when the 8-bit resistance value of the TIA circuit of the down-mixer 132 is changed, a conversion gain can be obtained in units of about 2.5 dB from 4 dB to 24 dB. In addition, the downlink mixer 132 may be designed to maintain the sensitivity of the received signal input including the HPF using DC Offset Cancellation (DCOC) at a predetermined level according to the distance.

The above description of the present application is for illustration, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains will understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present application. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a dispersed form, and likewise components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present application is indicated by the following claims rather than the above detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included in the scope of the present application.

10: Multi-mode radar
100: Transceiver mounted on multi-mode radar
110: transmitter
111: upward mixer
112: first driving amplifier
113: power amplifier
120: local oscillation part
121: phase locked loop
122: voltage regulation oscillator
123: second driving amplifier
124: mode selection switch
130: receiver
131: low noise amplifier
132: down mixer
200: signal processor
20: network

Claims (15)

A transceiver mounted on a multi-mode radar, comprising:
A transmitter for transmitting a transmission signal corresponding to each mode of the multi-mode including a plurality of modes divided based on at least one of a distance to a target to be detected and the number of the target to be detected toward a target outside the radar ;
a local oscillator configured to determine a transmission waveform of a transmission signal corresponding to at least one mode among the multiple modes; and
a receiving unit receiving the received signal reflected by the transmitted signal from the target;
including,
The multi-mode is
Including a long-range target detection mode in which the distance to the target is a long distance, a short-range target identification mode requiring rapid identification of the target as the target approaches and a multiple target identification mode in which the number of targets is plural,
The transmission unit transmits the transmission signal corresponding to each mode of the multi-mode in parallel through different channels separated by time, so that the multi-mode is mutually switched in a time division manner,
The received signal in the short-range target identification mode or the multi-target identification mode includes a frequency component for the transmission signal and a Doppler frequency component associated with the target,
The receiving unit,
A low noise amplifier that suppresses amplification of noise included in the received signal and down-converts a frequency of the amplified received signal and a low noise amplifier that amplifies the received signal, while maintaining the Doppler frequency component, and two or more down-mixers (DN Mixers) for down-converting the frequency components for
The transmitter is
An up-mixer for converting the inputted transmission signal into a high-frequency transmission signal, a first drive amplifier for amplifying the power of the high-frequency transmission signal, and a power amplifier; ,
The power amplifier is
A cross-coupled structure for preventing a decrease in output power due to leakage current due to parasitic capacitance, and a transformer circuit for securing headroom is provided at the output end of the output power,
The transceiver is a transceiver, characterized in that provided with a signal processor in the form of a system-on-chip (SoC) on a single chip, the transceiver. delete According to claim 1,
The transmission signal in the remote target detection mode includes a LFM (Linear Frequency Modulation)-based pulse waveform,
The transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode includes a Frequency Modulated Continuous Waveform (FMCW)-based waveform,
The transmission signal in the multi-target identification mode is characterized in that the FMCW-based waveform and the CW (Continuous Waveform)-based waveform is mixed, the transceiver. 4. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the transmission signal in the remote target detection mode is generated by a signal processor associated with the transceiver, the transceiver. 5. The method of claim 4,
The transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode and the multi-target identification mode is a transceiver that is generated by the local oscillator. delete According to claim 1,
The local oscillation unit,
A phase locked loop and a voltage control oscillator for generating the transmission signal, and a second drive amplifier for amplifying the power of the generated transmission signal, and the mode to the short-range target A mode selection switch for switching to the identification mode or the multi-target identification mode,
The transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode or the multi-target identification mode is transmitted from the transmitter via the second driving amplifier and the power amplifier. delete delete delete As a multi-mode radar,
A transmission signal generated based on a transmission waveform corresponding to each mode of the multi-mode including a plurality of modes divided based on at least one of a distance to a target to be detected and the number of targets to be detected is transmitted to an external target. The transceiver according to any one of claims 1, 3 to 5 and 7, which transmits toward and receives a received signal in which the transmitted signal is reflected from the target; and
A signal processor for receiving the received signal from the transceiver, and deriving at least one of at least one or more of position information of the target, velocity information of the target, and distance information to the target based on the received signal;
Multi-mode radar, including 12. The method of claim 11,
The multi-mode is
A long-range target detection mode in which the distance to the target is a long distance, a short-range target identification mode in which the target approaches and requires rapid identification of the target, and a multi-target identification mode in which the number of the targets is a plurality of multiple modes radar. 13. The method of claim 12,
The transmission signal in the remote target detection mode includes a LFM (Linear Frequency Modulation)-based pulse waveform, the transmission signal in the remote target detection mode is generated by the signal processor and transmitted through the transceiver It is a multi-mode radar. 14. The method of claim 13,
The transmission signal in the short-range target identification mode includes a Frequency Modulated Continuous Waveform (FMCW)-based waveform, and the transmission signal in the multi-target identification mode includes the FMCW-based waveform and the Continuous Waveform (CW)-based waveform This is mixed,
In the short-range target identification mode and the multi-target identification mode, the transmission signal is generated by a local oscillator included in the transceiver and transmitted through the transceiver. 13. The method of claim 12,
The generation time of the transmission signal corresponding to each mode of the multi-mode and the transmission time of the generated transmission signal so that each of the long-range target detection mode, the short-range target identification mode, and the multi-target identification mode is switched to each other in a time division manner Multi-mode radar, characterized in that it further comprises a mode converter for adjusting at least one of.

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