KR102310952B1 - Seismic isolation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vibration isolating device, which prevents excessive displacement from occurring, comprising: a plurality of divided support modules; a spring member disposed along an outer circumferential surface of a prefabricated support; an upper plate unit including an upper plate and a first conical protrusion; a lower plate unit including a lower plate and a second conical projection; and a plurality of plate-shaped auxiliary vibration isolating members in a fan shape.

Description

Seismic isolator {SEISMIC ISOLATION DEVICE}

The present invention relates to a seismic isolator capable of isolating both vertical and horizontal forces, and more particularly, when vibrations and shocks occur while supporting the weight of a structure, it moves and deforms smoothly in the vertical and horizontal directions to seismic the structure It relates to a seismic isolator that protects from and automatically returns to its original state.

In general, all structures on the earth are generally designed to withstand a vertical load such as the earth's gravity well, but are often vulnerable to a horizontal load such as wind or an earthquake.

In particular, earthquake damage to important structures such as nuclear power plants or large structures such as high-rise buildings and bridges accompanies enormous human and property damage.

Therefore, when constructing civil structures such as bridges, earthquake-resistant design is required to prevent damage such as earthquakes and increase the lifespan of civil structures.

In the case of a general bridge structure where the height of the pier is not very high, the cross section of the pier sufficient to support the upper load cannot cause the natural period of the bridge structure to deviate from the period band where seismic energy is strong. A method of artificially lengthening the natural period of a bridge structure using materials to escape the strong period band of seismic waves can be considered.

However, since pure rubber plate alone exhibits buckling phenomenon against a large load like a bridge structure, a reinforcing steel plate is installed horizontally between rubber and rubber to stably withstand vertical loads while maintaining the flexibility of rubber for horizontal loads. With the development of rubber materials, elastic bearings that artificially lengthen the natural cycle of structures have come to be put to practical use.

Elastic bearing is a type of bridge bearing that is composed of a laminate of rubber and reinforcing plate and has the purpose of transmitting the load acting on the upper structure of the bridge structure to the lower structure. It has the characteristics of free movement due to shear deformation, and it is easy to install and has little corrosion, so it is an economical support in terms of maintenance after installation.

These elastic bearings can be divided into pure elastic rubber bearings made of rubber only and laminated rubber bearings that increase load-bearing capacity by suppressing the bulging phenomenon of the rubber side during compression deformation by reinforcing one or more steel plates inside.

KS F 4420 (KS standard for elastic bearings) stipulates to use 6 types of elastic bearings, A to F type. Currently, the types of elastic bearings mainly used in Korea are divided into B-type and C-type elastic policies, and are laminated elastic bearings in which at least two or more reinforcing steel plates are covered with an elastic polymer.

The B-type elastic bearing is vulnerable to sliding or roll-over because the elastic polymer is simply placed between the upper and lower plates, and thus resists the horizontal force by the friction between the upper and lower plates of the elastic support and the bonding surface of the rubber pad.

On the other hand, the C-type elastic bearing has a reinforcing steel plate on the outside of the rubber pad and is an integrated elastic bearing in which the reinforcing steel plate and the upper and lower plates are fixed with bolts. Since the upper and lower plates and the rubber pad of the C-type elastic support are fixed by the connecting bolts, the sliding or lifting phenomenon that may occur in the B-type elastic support does not occur, so that the function of the support is improved and safety is secured.

If an elastic bearing with weak rigidity is installed on the lower part of the bridge deck in the horizontal direction, the bridge deck will shake a lot due to wind load or vehicle braking load. Otherwise, a large displacement occurs in the constant load, which causes problems in the usability of the structure. During an earthquake, large displacement occurs and affects the safety of the structure.

Therefore, there is a need for a viscous damper whose resistance is large in proportion to the speed of the object or a special device that absorbs vibration energy and suppresses vibration displacement due to the nonlinear behavior of the material. Lead seismic bearing (LRB), which has the function of extending the natural period of the structure by means of an elastic bearing by inserting lead in the form of a core, and absorbing vibration energy through the non-linear behavior of lead, was developed It is the most widely used worldwide.

However, in recent years, steel damper-type seismic support using nonlinearity of metal, friction bearing using friction force of sliding plate, high-damping rubber bearing with damping function added to rubber itself, tin seismic isolation bearing that replaces lead with the image of being environmentally friendly, etc. With the introduction of seismic isolation supports using springs, a variety of products are being introduced to the extent that Korea is mistaken as an exhibition hall for seismic isolation products all over the world.

In other words, high damping rubber bearings, which are widely used as seismic isolators, safely transmit the load of the upper structures in road bridges, railway bridges, and other structures with special functions, and are caused by rotation and deformation of the upper structure. It is one of the types of seismic isolation bearings that are widely used for the purpose of safely accommodating the behavior of structures.

The high-damping rubber bearing has the same shape as the elastic bearing, but has improved seismic isolation performance by changing the rubber mixture, and it is a product to which the damping performance is given to the elastic bearing by eliminating the seismic force caused by the earthquake.

The high-damping rubber bearing is applied to a structure such as a bridge to support the upper structure while responding to the displacement of the upper structure under a large load whose own weight ranges from several tons to several thousand tons. It consists of a high damping rubber interposed between the lower plates, a metal plate interposed spaced apart from each other inside the high damping rubber to form a rigid material layer, and upper and lower fastening plates, and the rubber against a vertical load It can support without buckling phenomenon and vibrations such as earthquakes are absorbed by high-damping rubber.

However, the existing elastic bearings and high-damping rubber bearings have a problem in that they are both vulnerable to horizontal loads such as wind loads due to weak horizontal rigidity.

On the other hand, although there is a lead rubber bearing (LRB) in which a lead rod is inserted into an elastic bearing, which is a product widely applied as a seismic isolating bearing due to its excellent long-lasting and damping performance of bridges, the seismic isolation performance is superior to that of plastic deformation and lead. Lead seismic bearings exhibited by deformation of the elastic bearings are recrystallized at room temperature after an earthquake, but in many cases, complete recrystallization is not achieved. There is a disadvantage that all bearings can be replaced when a strong earthquake occurs.

In recent years, as seismic activity has become more active, damage is also occurring greatly, and interest in seismic design for structures and major facilities is increasing in many countries including Korea. Accordingly, as a part of research to minimize the damage caused by earthquakes, a seismic isolation system, a basic separation method, is being studied to reduce the energy transfer from the foundation to the earthquake. Most of the seismic isolation systems currently used include an elastomeric bearing or a sliding bearing.

As a conventional technology related to the sliding bearing seismic isolator system, Korean Patent No. 10-1052311 "Polyurethane Seismic Isolation Bearing" (registered on July 21, 2011), Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1912063 "Fixing Device for Preventing Tensile Load of Seismic Isolator" (Registered on October 19, 2018), etc. have been proposed.

Among the seismic isolation systems, the sliding bearing seismic isolation system is the simplest and has the advantage of low cost and almost no uplift compared to other systems. Otherwise, it acts like a fixed end and has a disadvantage in that it cannot function as a seismic isolator.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1052311 "Polyurethane Seismic Isolation Bearing" (Registered on July 21, 2011) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1912063 "Fixing device for preventing tensile load of seismic isolator" (registered on October 19, 2018)

The present invention has been devised to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and even after an external force such as an earthquake is applied, the occurrence of permanent displacement is prevented, the occurrence of excessive displacement exceeding the design value is safely blocked, and even if there is no sliding, the fixed end It is an object of the present invention to provide a seismic isolator having a seismic isolating function for both vertical and horizontal forces, which are made to be suppressed from functioning as a .

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a plurality of divided support modules that form a sectoral shape around a central hole forming part on a plane and are assembled with each other to form a cylindrical prefabricated support having a central hole extending in the vertical direction in the center; a spring member disposed along the outer circumferential surface of the prefabricated support to maintain the cylindrical shape of the prefabricated support; an upper plate disposed on the prefabricated support, and a first conical protrusion protruding from the central portion of the lower surface of the upper plate toward the lower portion in a cone shape and being inserted into the central hole and in contact with the prefabricated support; A lower plate disposed under the prefabricated support, and a lower plate including a second conical protrusion that protrudes from the central portion of the upper surface of the lower plate toward the upper portion and is inserted into the central hole and is in contact with the prefabricated support; A vertical seismic isolating member of an elastic rubber plate that is disposed between the lower plate and the divided support module and between the upper plate and the divided support module for each of the divided support modules and is in contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the divided support module and the lower surface of the upper plate or a plurality of plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolators having a horizontal seismic isolating member of a metal sliding plate in contact with the upper surface of the lower plate integrally formed and having a sectoral shape corresponding to a planar shape of the divided support module; Including, each of the upper and lower ends of the central hole of the prefabricated support is formed with a central hole inlet in the form of a trumpet, the first conical protrusion and the second conical protrusion are in direct contact with the central hole inlet, and the The spring member is arranged along the outer circumferential surface of the prefabricated support while extending in the horizontal direction, and is characterized in that it is a ring-shaped or band-type or tension-type spring member in contact with all the plurality of divided support modules.

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In the above, a spring mounting groove is formed along the outer circumferential surface of the prefabricated support, and the spring member is preferably mounted in the spring mounting groove.

As described above, in the present invention, the first and second conical protrusions positioned at the center of the upper and lower plates and the prefabricated support in which the central holes into which the first and second conical protrusions are inserted, are located in the center of the upper and lower plates. The located first and second conical projections are inserted into the central hole of the prefabricated support and move up, down, left and right in response to vertical and horizontal vibrations, and the prefabricated support moves or its shape is deformed in conjunction with this, As the prefabricated support is restored to its original shape by the spring member, the external force is attenuated.

In addition, the present invention is in close contact with the prefabricated support while the first and second conical protrusions located in the center of the upper and lower plates are inserted into the central hole of the prefabricated support to support a part of the fixed load in the vertical direction, so that the elasticity of the plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolator Because only a part of the fixed load acts on the rubber plate, permanent or excessive displacement is prevented from occurring in the elastic rubber plate, and furthermore, the problem that horizontal sliding does not occur is prevented. To provide a seismic isolator for vertical and horizontal forces that are made to be suppressed.

1 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a seismic isolator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
2 is an exploded cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 separated;
3 is a perspective view of FIG. 2;
Figure 4 is a view showing various forms of the spring member of Figure 3;
5 is a plan view of the prefabricated support of FIG. 1;
6 is a plan view showing a modified form of FIG. 5;
7 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a seismic isolator according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
8 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a seismic isolator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

< General earthquake >

In order to explain seismic devices, first, general technical matters related to earthquakes will be described.

An earthquake of 4.5 on the Richter scale is also being sensed across the country. The frequency of seismic waves is usually in the range of 0.5 to 10 Hz, and in general, the larger the magnitude of an earthquake, the smaller the frequency.

The frequency of seismic waves generated in Korea is about 2 to 5 Hz, which is biased toward the higher frequency. Therefore, the damage of low-rise buildings may be greater than that of high-rise buildings.

The seismic design method is basically a method to place the ground and buildings apart so that they receive less energy transmitted by the ground.

An earthquake is when the energy generated by the activity of a fault is transmitted as a wave through the strata, causing the ground to shake. Among them, if a wave in the horizontal direction with respect to the ground shakes the lower part of the building, an inertial force is applied to the upper part, and if the building cannot withstand the inertial force, it will be damaged.

< Types and characteristics of seismic waves >

A seismic wave is a low-frequency wave that is generated by earthquakes, volcanoes, movement of magma, landslides, and explosions by humans and spreads along the crust. When an earthquake occurs, several types of seismic waves with different velocities are generated.

Seismic waves can be classified into two types according to their characteristics. They can be divided into body waves and surface waves. Real waves include P wave (primary wave) and S wave (secondary wave), and surface wave includes L wave (Love wave) and R wave (Rayleigh wave).

- Body Wave

There are two types of seismic waves: P waves and S waves.

-- P wave (Primary wave)

It is a longitudinal wave and a pressure wave. It can pass through solids, liquids and gases. Because the speed is relatively fast (7-8 km/s), it reaches the seismic observatory first after an earthquake, hence the name P-wave, meaning first. Since the amplitude is small, the damage caused by the P wave is small.

-- S wave (Secondary wave)

It is a transverse wave and a shear wave. Since liquids and gases do not have shear stress, S waves only pass through solid materials. The speed is relatively slow (3~4 km/s), and the P wave reaches the seismic observatory after it reaches the seismic observatory. The larger the amplitude, the greater the damage.

- Surface Wave

Seismic waves that travel along the Earth's surface. The speed is about 2~4.4 km/s, and the medium passing through it is transmitted only to the surface, and it is the slowest, has the largest amplitude, and causes the greatest damage. There are two types of surface waves: L wave (Love wave) and R wave (Rayleigh wave).

-- L wave (Love wave)

As seismic waves that move horizontally along the surface, they are included in the long wave because the direction of travel and the direction of vibration are at right angles. The speed is about 2~4.4 km/s, which is the third fastest, and it is observed after S wave at seismic observatories.

-- R wave (Rayleigh wave)

As seismic waves that perform counter-rotating elliptical motion along the surface at right angles, they are included in the long wave because the direction of vibration and the direction of propagation are at right angles. The destructive force is the strongest among seismic waves, and the speed is 2~4.2 km/s, similar to the Love wave, but it is slower than the Love wave and is observed next to the L wave at seismic observatories.

< Seismic design and seismic isolation and isolation >

Seismic design is a design that includes seismic isolation and seismic isolation in a broad sense, and it is a structure that resists earthquakes and withstands vibrations. .

Escape is a structure that escapes from the strong energy band of seismic waves, and it means to reflect changes in the structure's frequency, etc. in the design by using a vibration insulator. Examples include laminated rubber plates, lead rubber bearings (LRB), and bearings (bridge bearings).

Vibration suppression refers to a structure that uses a principle or actively responds to an earthquake rather than avoiding or accepting it. Passive Mass Damper (TMD; Tuned Mass Damper,) Includes Active Mass Damper (AMD; Active Mass Damper). This is the principle of maintaining the stability of the structure by moving the mass in the opposite phase of the wavelength at which the earthquake occurs.

In a word, the seismic device moves up, down, left and right to block both vertical and horizontal vibrations, and while the spring mainly responds to vertical impact, the damper seismic isolation structure responds to both vertical and horizontal impact. When an earthquake occurs, the floor on which the seismic isolator is installed moves up, down, left and right to absorb the shock.

In addition to seismic structures, there is a method of reducing the energy received by structures by lengthening the period of vibrations generated by earthquakes among seismic isolation structures that can more effectively reduce earthquake damage. Since the energy of a wave is larger as the period is shorter, it is necessary to change it to mitigate the impact. When an earthquake occurs, structures fixed to the ground are bound to vibrate along with the vibration of the earthquake, but structures constructed with seismic isolation structures are relatively safe because the vibrations are mitigated and transmitted. However, although the structure itself may be relatively safe from vibration, if the structure moves significantly, it can become dangerous depending on the surrounding environment. It plays a role in gradually easing the vibration of the structure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art can easily carry out the present invention. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are given to similar parts throughout the specification. In addition, in describing the present invention, descriptions of already known functions or configurations will be omitted in order to clarify the gist of the present invention.

Throughout the specification, when a part "includes" a certain element, it means that other elements may be further included, rather than excluding other elements, unless otherwise stated.

1 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a seismic isolator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an isolated cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of FIG. 2, and FIG. It is a view showing various forms, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the prefabricated support of FIG. 1 , and FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a modified form of FIG. 5 .

The seismic isolator for vertical and horizontal forces of this embodiment prevents the occurrence of permanent displacement after application of an external force such as an earthquake, safely blocks the occurrence of excessive displacement beyond the design value, and suppresses functioning as a fixed end even if slippage does not occur .

This seismic isolator is mainly composed of an upper plate part 110 , a lower plate part 120 , a prefabricated support 130 , a spring member 140 , a plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolator 150 , a separation preventing member 160 , and the like.

The upper plate part 110 is composed of an upper plate 111 , a first conical protrusion 112 , and an upper fastening bolt 113 .

The upper plate 111 is in the form of a square plate, a plurality of upper plate through-holes 111a are formed at the edge of the upper plate 111, and a bushing 111b for a through-hole is mounted in the upper plate through-hole 111a.

The upper fastening bolt 113 is provided in the upper center of the upper plate 111 and is coupled to a building disposed on the upper plate 110 and the like. Such a bolted connection structure is preferable to be applied to a seismic device for a small building.

The first conical protrusion 112 is a portion protruding from the center of the lower surface of the upper plate 111 toward the lower portion in a conical shape.

The lower plate part 120 is positioned symmetrically with the upper plate part 110 under the upper plate part 110 .

The lower plate part 120 includes a lower plate 121 , a second conical protrusion 122 , and a lower fastening bolt 123 .

The lower plate 121 is in the form of a square plate, and a plurality of lower plate through holes 121a are formed at the edge of the lower plate 121 .

The lower fastening bolt 123 is provided in the center of the lower portion of the lower plate 121 and is a portion to be coupled to the ground material (or underground building) provided in the lower portion of the lower plate portion 120 . Such a bolted connection structure is preferable to be applied to a seismic device for a small building.

The second conical protrusion 122 is a portion protruding from the center of the upper surface of the lower plate 121 toward the upper portion in a conical shape.

The prefabricated support 130 is disposed between the upper plate part 110 and the lower plate part 120 .

The prefabricated support 130 is formed in a cylindrical shape by assembling a plurality of divided support modules 131 with each other.

The plurality of divided support modules 131 is in the form of a pillar forming a sectoral shape with the center hole forming part 131a as the center in plan view.

The plurality of divided support modules 131 are assembled with each other to form a cylindrical prefabricated support 130 having a central hole 132 extending in the vertical direction at the center thereof.

The central hole forming portion 131a of the divided support module 131 is combined with each other to form the central hole 132 of the prefabricated support 130 .

The plurality of divided support modules 131 have the same shape as each other, and may be two to four, and form a columnar shape when assembled with each other.

That is, two divided support modules 131 may be employed as shown in FIG. 5 , and three or four divided supporting modules 131 may be employed as shown in FIG. 6 .

Therefore, in the case of two divided support modules 131 , each divided support module 131 has a 180 degree sector shape, in the case of three, it is a 120 degree sector, and in the case of four, it has a 90 degree sector shape.

The central hole 132 of the prefabricated support 130 is a portion into which the first and second conical protrusions 112 and 122 are inserted, and the first and second conical protrusions 112 and 122 at the upper and lower ends of the central hole 132, respectively. ) is formed with a central hole inlet (132a) widened in the shape of a trumpet so that it can easily move up and down.

Accordingly, the first and second conical projections 112 and 122 are in direct contact with the central hole inlet portion 132a of the prefabricated support 130 .

In the present embodiment, a spring mounting groove 133 is formed in each of the upper and lower portions of the outer peripheral surface of the prefabricated support 130 , and the spring member 140 is mounted in the spring mounting groove 133 .

That is, two spring mounting grooves 133 are formed, and two spring members 140 are mounted therein.

Each spring member 140 is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the prefabricated support 130 so that the prefabricated support 130 is elastically restored in a cylindrical shape, extending in the horizontal direction along the outer circumferential surface of the prefabricated support 130, all It is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the divided support module 131 .

The spring mounting groove 133 facilitates the mounting of the spring member 140 and prevents the spring member 140 from being detached by an external force after mounting.

The spring member 140 is a seismic isolator against vertical and horizontal forces and has a structure capable of isolating external forces from any direction.

That is, the prefabricated support 130 is moved or deformed in response to vibrations or shocks in the vertical and horizontal directions of the upper plate part 110 and the lower plate part 120, and in response to this, the spring member 140 expands and contracts and isolates the vibrations. do.

The spring member 140 is particularly effective in isolating L-wave vibrations in the horizontal direction among surface waves of strong winds or earthquakes.

The spring member 140 may have a ring shape, a band shape, or a tension type.

3 and 4 (a) shows a ring-shaped spring member 140, FIG. 4 (b) shows a band-shaped spring member, and FIG. 4 (c) shows a tension-type spring member. did.

This type of spring member 140 has the advantage of not requiring an auxiliary device such as a damper because the so-called spring member 140 does not have a so-called sway of the spring, in which the stroke is reduced and then the stroke is increased as the resistance increases immediately after the external impact.

As for the spring member 140 , a ring-type spring is suitable for a lightweight type vibration isolator, and a band type or a tension type spring is suitable for a heavy type vibration isolator.

The spring member 140 is used to absorb and accumulate energy by applying a force to an object that is elastically deformed by receiving an external force to deform the shape, and then use the elasticity to return to the original state when the force is removed to act as a buffer. It refers to a mechanical element that can be used, and since the spring uses elasticity as much as possible repeatedly, the higher the elasticity, the better the material.

As a material of the spring member 140, spring steel, high alloy spring steel, internal combustion spring steel, hard steel wire piano wire, oil temper wire, stainless steel, high carbon steel, low alloy steel, etc. may be used.

Between the upper surface of the lower plate 121 and the lower surface of the split support module 131, and between the lower surface of the upper plate 111 and the upper surface of the split support module 131, for each split support module 131, a plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolator 150 is provided. are placed

The planar shape of the plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolating member 150 corresponds to the planar shape of the divided support module 131 , and a fan-shaped shape is provided, and the plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolating member 150 is provided for each divided support module 131 .

The plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolator 150 includes a vertical seismic isolator of the elastic rubber plate 151 in contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the divided support module 131 , and the lower surface of the upper plate 111 or the upper surface of the lower plate 121 . The horizontal seismic isolation members of the sliding plate 152 are integrated with each other.

The elastic rubber plate 151 and the metal sliding plate 152 are integrally attached to each other to exert a seismic isolating force against vertical and horizontal forces.

That is, the elastic rubber plate 151 can oppose the vertical force, and the metal sliding plate 152 facilitates the left and right movement of the prefabricated support 130 when the horizontal force is applied.

The elastic rubber plate 151 is arranged so that the prefabricated support 130 is spaced apart from the upper plate part 110 and the lower plate part 120 between the upper plate part 110 and the lower plate part 120 so that each part maintains a balance while closely adhering to each other. It is a synthetic rubber plate in a form that can disperse and absorb seismic forces while preventing vibration from being transmitted. Any one of BR (Butadiene Rubber), NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber), and urethane rubber can be selected.

In addition, in order to compensate for the severe physical property change caused by heat, moisture and UV rays of the rubber material, TPE (Thermal Plastic Elastomer) copolymerized with PP (Polypropylene) or PE (Polyethylene) and rubber or TPU (Thermal Poly Elastomer) with high crystallinity in urethane bond -Urethane) is preferred.

In addition, the elastic rubber plate 151 is preferably made of a thickness and hardness that can sufficiently absorb vibration according to the strength of the earthquake and sufficiently mitigate the shock caused by vibration, and in particular, the hardness is about 55 to 75 based on Shore A. is preferable

The elastic rubber plate 151 is provided between the prefabricated support 130 and the upper plate 111 or the lower plate 121 to increase the sense of safety, and the elastic rubber plate 151 only bears a portion of the building load (that is, the basic structure of the building). The load is borne by the prefabricated support 130.) It is possible to prevent changes in the physical properties of the elastic rubber due to the pressure of the building.

The metal sliding plate 152 distributes the horizontal force while sliding in the horizontal direction (typically in the circumferential direction) when the horizontal force is applied.

The metal sliding plate 152 is for contacting the upper plate 111 or the lower plate 121, and is made of a metal plate such as carbon steel or stainless steel having high tensile strength, and a plurality of hemispherical protrusions 152a protruding toward the upper portion are formed. It has a structure that can reduce the contact surface with the upper plate 111 or the lower plate 121 so as to be easily slid in the L wave.

In order to prevent the upper plate part 110 from being separated from the lower plate part 120 , a plurality of separation preventing members 160 having an upper end mounted on the upper plate 111 and a lower end mounted on the lower plate 121 are provided.

The separation prevention member 160 includes a separation prevention bolt 161 having a bolt head 161a and a bolt body 161b, and a separation prevention nut 162 fastened thereto.

The bolt body 161b is disposed to pass through the upper plate through-hole 111a formed in the upper plate 111 and the lower plate through-hole 121a formed in the lower plate 121, and the bolt head 161a is located on the upper surface of the upper plate 111. It is seated, and the nut 162 for preventing separation is screwed to the bolt body 161b to be seated on the lower surface of the lower plate 121 .

In addition, a bushing 111b for a through-hole is provided in the upper plate through-hole 111a to prevent micro-movement of the bolt body 161b.

Such a separation prevention member 160 restrains the upper plate 111 and the lower plate 121, and when the building or structure coupled to the upper part of the upper plate part 110 by an external force such as a strong wind receives an upward force, the upper plate ( 111) is to prevent an accident in which it is detached.

In addition, the through-hole bushing 111b is to prevent micro-movement of the bolt body 161b, and allows the flow when the upper plate 111 and the lower plate 121 are shaken up, down, left and right by an external force, and Urethane rubber is suitable for the material, and urethane rubber is a rubber elastomer by reaction with polyester or polyether and isocyanate. that has an advantage.

The operation of the present invention will be described.

Among the surface waves of strong winds or earthquakes, when horizontal L-wave and vertical R-wave vibrations are pushed to the building, the spring member 140 isolates horizontal L-wave vibrations and vertical R-wave vibrations, and secondary plate-type support The vibration isolator 150 is configured to isolate the R wave vibration in the vertical direction.

That is, during the surface waves of strong winds or earthquakes, the spring member 140 absorbs the energy absorbed through its deformation back to its original shape to L wave vibration in the horizontal direction and R wave vibration in the vertical direction to attenuate the shock, The elastic rubber plate 151 of the plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolating member 150 absorbs the force input by vibration or shock through expansion and contraction to the R wave vibration in the vertical direction among the surface waves.

The plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolating member 150 is a very general technique, and below, the seismic isolation method by the spring member 140 will be described.

The first conical protrusion 112 of the upper plate 111 or the second conical protrusion 122 of the lower plate 121 is inserted into the central hole 132 of the prefabricated support 130 in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction. It can move up, down, left, and right in response.

In addition, in conjunction with the movement of the first conical protrusion 112 of the upper plate 111 or the second conical protrusion 122 of the lower plate 121, the prefabricated support 130 is also linked or its shape is deformed, and the spring member 140 The external force is attenuated as the prefabricated support 130 is restored to the cylindrical shape again.

That is, since the prefabricated support 130 is in a state of being separated by the divided support module 131, which is a segment of two to four equal parts, the movement of the first and second conical protrusions 112 and 122 according to vertical and horizontal vibrations ( vertical movement and horizontal movement), the plurality of divided support modules 131 move in the same direction or move in opposite directions to each other, and thus their shape is deformed.

That is, the first and second conical protrusions 112 and 122 by vertical force cause the prefabricated support 130 to spread left and right, and the first and second conical protrusions 112 and 122 by horizontal force twist the prefabricated support 130 . It responds to shocks from up, down, left, and right.

Although the prefabricated support 130 is separated by a divided support module 131 that is a segment of 2 to 4 quarters, it is surrounded by a spring member 140 such as a ring type or a band type, so that the cylindrical shape can be elastically maintained. .

The first and second conical projections 112 and 122 of the upper plate part 110 and the lower plate part 120 are in close contact with the prefabricated support 130 in the center hole inlet 132a of the prefabricated support 130 and vertical force and While in a state of being ready to counter the horizontal force, the damping of the external force is controlled by the spring member 140 of the outer peripheral surface of the prefabricated support 130 .

The first and second conical projections 112 and 122 of the upper plate part 110 and the lower plate part 120 span the central hole 132 of the prefabricated support 130 to support a fixed load, and the plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolator 150 ), it is possible to prevent an excessive load from acting on the elastic rubber plate 151, thereby preventing the physical properties of the elastic rubber from being changed, so that seismic isolation efficiency with respect to vertical and horizontal forces can be maintained for a long period of time.

7 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a seismic isolator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The seismic isolator for heavy objects may not require a separation preventing member since the weight of the building is significant. In this case, the upper plate through hole 111a and the lower plate through hole 121a are unnecessary.

8 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a seismic isolator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

In some cases, the lower structure may be bolted to the main seismic isolator by using the lower plate through hole 121a instead of the lower fastening bolt 123 .

The above description of the present invention is for illustration, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can understand that it can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a dispersed form, and likewise components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims rather than the above detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

110: upper plate
111: upper plate 111a: upper plate through hole
111b: bushing for through hole
112: first conical projection 113: upper fastening bolt
120: lower plate
121: lower plate 121a: lower plate through hole
122: second conical projection 123: lower fastening bolt
130: prefabricated support
131: split support module 131a: central hole forming part
132: central hole 132a: central hole inlet part
133: spring mounting groove
140: spring member
150: plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolation member
151: vertical seismic isolator (elastic rubber plate) 152: horizontal seismic isolator (metal sliding plate)
152a: hemispherical protrusion
160: escape prevention member
161: separation prevention bolt 161a: bolt head
161b: bolt body 162: separation prevention nut

Claims (4)

A plurality of divided support modules that form a fan-shaped shape around the central hole forming part on a plane and are assembled with each other to form a cylindrical prefabricated support having a central hole extending in the vertical direction in the center;
a spring member disposed along the outer circumferential surface of the prefabricated support to maintain the cylindrical shape of the prefabricated support;
an upper plate disposed on the prefabricated support, and a first conical protrusion protruding from the central portion of the lower surface of the upper plate toward the lower portion in a conical shape and inserted into the central hole while being in contact with the prefabricated support;
a lower plate disposed under the prefabricated support, and a second conical protrusion protruding from the central portion of the upper surface of the lower plate toward the upper portion in a conical shape and being inserted into the central hole and in contact with the prefabricated support;
A vertical seismic isolating member of an elastic rubber plate that is disposed between the lower plate and the divided support module and between the upper plate and the divided support module for each of the divided support modules, and is in contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the divided support module and the lower surface of the upper plate, or a plurality of plate-shaped auxiliary seismic isolators in which the horizontal seismic isolating members of the metal sliding plate in contact with the upper surface of the lower plate are integrated and corresponding to the planar form of the divided support module;
includes,
Each of the upper and lower ends of the central hole of the prefabricated support is formed with a central hole inlet in the form of a trumpet, the first conical protrusion and the second conical protrusion are in direct contact with the central hole inlet,
The spring member extends in the horizontal direction and is disposed along the outer circumferential surface of the prefabricated support to be in contact with all of the plurality of divided support modules, and is a ring-shaped, band-shaped, or tension-type spring member.
delete delete The seismic isolator according to claim 1, wherein a spring mounting groove is formed along an outer circumferential surface of the prefabricated support, and the spring member is mounted in the spring mounting groove.

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