KR102301938B1 - Flexible Display Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a display panel; a functional structure disposed on the display panel; a window disposed on the functional structure; a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed between the display panel and the functional structure; and a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed between the functional structure and the window, wherein the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer have a stress recovery strain of 25 to 80% at -20°C. The flexible display device according to the present invention has excellent bending resistance while including a plurality of layers.

Description

Flexible Display Device

The present invention relates to a flexible display device, and more particularly, to a flexible display device including a plurality of layers and excellent in bending resistance.

Recently, the display market is rapidly changing mainly for flat panel displays that can be easily large and lightweight. Such flat panel displays include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), an organic electroluminescence display (OLED), and the like.

A window substrate for protecting the display panel from an external environment may be disposed on the display panel. The window substrate and the display panel may be formed of, for example, a transparent plastic material having flexibility as flexible displays are recently developed. In addition, additional members of the display device such as a polarizing plate and a touch screen panel may be disposed between the window substrate and the display panel.

For example, Korean Patent Publication No. 2012-0076026 discloses a touch screen panel including a transparent substrate and a polarizing plate.

However, as a plurality of layers such as a polarizer, a touch screen panel, and a window substrate are stacked on the display panel, sufficient bending resistance required in the flexible display device may not be realized. Accordingly, development of a flexible display device having a multi-layer structure capable of securing sufficient bending resistance to prevent damage such as cracks or fractures from occurring in each layer during a bending or folding operation is required.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2012-0076026

One object of the present invention is to provide a flexible display device that includes a plurality of layers and has excellent bending resistance.

On the one hand, the present invention is a display panel; a functional structure disposed on the display panel; a window disposed on the functional structure; a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed between the display panel and the functional structure; and a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed between the functional structure and the window, wherein the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer apply a shear stress to each of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layers at -20°C so that the initial strain rate is 3%, Provided is a flexible display device having a stress recovery strain of 25 to 80%, which is defined as a value obtained by dividing the shear stress by maintaining the shear stress for 100 seconds and then removing the strain after 1 second by the initial strain.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the display panel may include an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel or a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the functional structure may include one or more of a touch sensor, a polarization layer, and a retardation layer.

The flexible display device according to the present invention has a multilayer structure and the stress recovery strain at -20°C of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer between each layer is controlled to 25 to 80%. can be obtained

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display panel of a flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a schematic plan view illustrating a touch sensor of a flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a graph illustrating a strain profile of a flexible display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a flexible display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a flexible display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the flexible display device may include a display panel 100 , a functional structure 200 , and a window 300 .

The display panel 100 may include, for example, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel or a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel. A detailed configuration and structure of the display panel 100 will be described later with reference to FIG. 2 .

The functional structure 200 may include, for example, one or more of a touch sensor, a polarization layer, and a retardation layer. A detailed configuration and structure of the touch sensor will be described later with reference to FIG. 3 .

The thickness of the functional structure 200 may be 50 to 150㎛.

The polarizing layer may be provided as, for example, a polarizing plate including a stretch-type polarizer. In this case, the polarizing plate may include a polarizer and a protective film formed on at least one surface of the polarizer.

The stretched polarizer may include, for example, a stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based resin. The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be preferably a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl acetate-based resin. Examples of the polyvinyl acetate-based resin include polyvinyl acetate, which is a homopolymer of vinyl acetate, and a copolymer of vinyl acetate and another monomer copolymerizable therewith. Examples of the other monomers include unsaturated carboxylic acid-based, unsaturated sulfonic acid-based, olefin-based, vinyl ether-based, and acrylamide-based monomers having an ammonium group. In addition, the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may be modified, for example, polyvinyl formal or polyvinyl acetal modified with aldehydes.

The protective film may include, for example, polyester-based resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene isophthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate; Cellulose resins, such as a diacetyl cellulose and a triacetyl cellulose; polycarbonate-based resin; acrylic resins such as polymethyl (meth)acrylate and polyethyl (meth)acrylate; It may include a cyclic olefin-based polymer (COP) and the like.

The polarizing layer may include a coated polarizer. In this case, the polarization layer may be directly coated on the touch sensor, and the functional structure 200 may include a laminated structure of the touch sensor and the polarization layer. For example, the polarization layer may include an alignment layer and a liquid crystal layer formed on the alignment layer.

For example, after forming the alignment layer by applying and curing an alignment layer coating composition comprising an alignment polymer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a solvent on the touch sensor, the alignment layer and liquid crystal by applying and curing a liquid crystal coating composition on the alignment layer A polarizing layer including a layer may be formed.

The orientation polymer may include, for example, a polyacrylate-based resin, a polyamic acid resin, a polyimide-based resin, or a polymer including a cinnamate group. The liquid crystal coating composition may include a reactive liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye.

The retardation layer may be a coating layer or a film. The retardation layer may be provided integrally with the polarizing layer.

The retardation layer may be a single layer or a multilayer, and in the case of a single layer, it may be a quarter wave plate, and in the case of a multilayer, it may be a multilayer of a quarter wave plate and a half wave plate, but is not limited thereto. In the case of a multilayer of a quarter-wave plate and a half-wave plate, color and image quality are excellent when applied to a display device by phase difference correction.

The window 300 may be exposed to the user's viewing surface side of the flexible display apparatus, and may be provided as a protective film against the external environment.

The window 300 may include a base layer including a flexible plastic material or a polymer material. For example, the base layer may include polyimide (PI), polyethersulphone (PES), polyacrylate (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene napthalate, PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyarylate, polycarbonate (PC), cellulose triacetate (TAC), cellulose and acetate propionate (cellulose acetate propionate, CAP). In particular, polyimide is preferable among these. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The window 300 may further include a hard coating layer formed on at least one surface of the base layer. The hard coating layer is formed using, for example, a hard coating composition including a photocurable compound, a photoinitiator, and a solvent, and thus excellent flexibility, abrasion resistance, and surface hardness of the window 300 can be additionally secured.

The photocurable compound may include, for example, a siloxane-based compound, an acrylate-based compound, or a compound having a vinyl group. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The photoinitiator is not particularly limited as long as it initiates the polymerization reaction of the photocurable compound by generating ions, Lewis acids or radicals by irradiation of active energy rays such as visible light, ultraviolet light, X-ray or electron beam. Examples of the photoinitiator include onium salts such as aromatic diazonium salts, aromatic iodonium salts and aromatic sulfonium salts, acetophenone compounds, benzoin compounds, benzophenone compounds, and thioxanthone compounds.

The thickness of the window 300 may be 50 to 100 μm.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 may be formed between the display panel 100 and the functional structure 200 . As an embodiment, the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 may be in direct contact with the surfaces of the display panel 100 and the functional structure 200 . For example, after the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 is formed on the bottom surface of the functional structure 200 (eg, a touch sensor, a polarization layer, or a retardation layer), the exposed surface of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 is formed. It may be attached to the upper surface of the display panel 100 .

A second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 90 may be formed between the functional structure 200 and the window 300 . As an embodiment, the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 90 may be in direct contact with the functional structure 200 and the surfaces of the window 300 . For example, after the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 90 is formed on the lower surface of the window 300 , the exposed surface of the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 90 may be attached to the upper surface of the functional structure 200 .

As used herein, the term “adhesive layer” is used to include a layer formed by an adhesive as well as a layer formed by an adhesive. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be formed using a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) composition or an optically clear adhesive (OCA) composition.

The first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 may have appropriate adhesive strength so as not to cause peeling or air bubbles when bending occurs in the flexible display device, and may have viscoelastic properties applicable to the flexible display.

In the flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 apply a shear stress to each of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layers at -20°C so that the initial strain rate is 3%, and the shear stress is held for 100 seconds and then released, and the stress recovery strain, which is defined as the value obtained by dividing the strain after 1 second by the initial strain, is 25 to 80%.

The stress recovery strain is, as described above, a shear stress applied to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer so that the initial strain rate is 3%, the shear stress is maintained for 100 seconds, then released, and the strain after 1 second is divided by the initial strain It is defined as a value. . For example, if the shear stress is maintained for 100 seconds and then released and the strain after 1 second has elapsed is 2%, the stress recovery strain is 66.6%.

In the present invention, the method for measuring the stress recovery strain value of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and, for example, may be measured by the method presented in Experimental Examples to be described later.

In one embodiment of the present invention, by adjusting the stress recovery strain values of the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 at a low temperature of -20°C to 25 to 80%, the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 , 90) may improve the bending resistance of the flexible display device including, in particular, low temperature bending resistance.

Each of the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 may have a thickness of 10 to 200 μm, preferably 20 to 100 μm.

The stress recovery strain and thickness at -20°C of the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 may be the same or different from each other.

The stress recovery strain at -20°C of the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 may be adjusted by, for example, changing the composition of the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition forming them.

The first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 may be formed using a known pressure-sensitive adhesive composition. Specifically, the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 may be formed using an acryl-based, silicone-based, or urethane-based pressure-sensitive adhesive composition. For example, the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 may be formed from a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition including a silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin, a (meth)acrylate ester monomer, and a photoinitiator.

The silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin may be a resin having a silicone bond (-Si-O-) and a urethane group in a molecule and a (meth)acryloyloxy end group.

The silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin may be a reaction product of polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends, polyisocyanate, and (meth)acrylate having hydroxyl groups.

The polysilicon having a hydroxyl group at both terminals may be a compound represented by the following formula (1).

[Formula 1]

In the above formula,

R ¹ and R ³ are each independently a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkylene group or a C ₁ -C ₁₀ oxyalkylene group,

R ² is a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl group, a C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl group or an aryl group,

n is an integer from 1 to 30;

As used herein, the C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkylene group refers to a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and includes, for example, methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, and the like. However, the present invention is not limited thereto.

As used herein, the C ₁ -C ₁₀ oxyalkylene group refers to a functional group in which at least one of the chain carbons is substituted with oxygen in a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, for example, ethyl oxypropyl, propyloxyethyl, and the like.

As used herein, the C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl group refers to a linear or branched monovalent hydrocarbon having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl , i-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and the like.

As used herein, a C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl group refers to a simple or fused cyclic hydrocarbon consisting of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and the like. it's not going to be

Aryl groups as used herein include both aromatic groups and heteroaromatic groups and partially reduced derivatives thereof. The aromatic group is a 5-membered to 15-membered simple or fused cyclic group, and the heteroaromatic group refers to an aromatic group containing at least one oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen. Examples of representative aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, pyridinyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, imidazolinyl, Oxazolyl, thiazolyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

The weight average molecular weight of the polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends may be 800 to 2,000.

As the polyisocyanate, an aliphatic diisocyanate, an alicyclic diisocyanate and/or an aromatic diisocyanate may be used.

Examples of the aliphatic diisocyanate include methyl diisocyanate, 1,2-ethanediyl diisocyanate, 1,3-propanediyl diisocyanate, 1,6-hexanediyl diisocyanate, and 3-methyl-octane-1,8-diyl diisocyanate. and the like can be cited.

Examples of the alicyclic diisocyanate include 4,4'-methylenedicyclohexyl diisocyanate, 1,2-cyclopropanediyl diisocyanate, 1,3-cyclobutanediyl diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexanediyl diisocyanate, 1 ,3-cyclohexanediyl diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 4-methyl-cyclohexane-1,3-diyl diisocyanate and the like are exemplified.

Examples of the aromatic diisocyanate include 1,2-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 3-chloro-1,2-benzene diisocyanate, and 4-chloro-1. ,2-Benzene diisocyanate, 5-chloro-1,2-benzene diisocyanate, 2-chloro-1,3-benzene diisocyanate, 4-chloro-1,3-benzene diisocyanate, 5-chloro-1,3 -Benzene diisocyanate, 2-chloro-1,4-benzene diisocyanate, 3-chloro-1,4-benzene diisocyanate, 3-methyl-1,2-benzene diisocyanate, 4-methyl-1,2-benzene Diisocyanate, 5-methyl-1,2-benzene diisocyanate, 2-methyl-1,3-benzene diisocyanate, 4-methyl-1,3-benzene diisocyanate, 5-methyl-1,3-benzene diisocyanate , 2-methyl-1,4-benzene diisocyanate, 3-methyl-1,4-benzene diisocyanate, 3-methoxy-1,2-benzene diisocyanate, 4-methoxy-1,2-benzene diisocyanate , 5-methoxy-1,2-benzene diisocyanate, 2-methoxy-1,3-benzene diisocyanate, 4-methoxy-1,3-benzene diisocyanate, 5-methoxy-1,3-benzene Diisocyanate, 2-methoxy-1,4-benzene diisocyanate, 3-methoxy-1,4-benzene diisocyanate, 3,4-dimethyl-1,2-benzene diisocyanate, 4,5-dimethyl-1 ,3-Benzene diisocyanate, 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-benzene diisocyanate, 3-chloro-4-methyl-1,2-benzene diisocyanate, 3-methyl-4-chloro-1,2-benzene Diisocyanate, 3-methyl-5-chloro-1,2-benzene diisocyanate, 2-chloro-4-methyl-1,3-benzene diisocyanate, 4-chloro-5-methoxy-1,3-benzene diisocyanate Isocyanate, 5-chloro-2-fluoro-1,3-benzene diisocyanate, 2-chloro-3-bromo-1,4-benzene diisocyanate, 3-chloro-5-isopropoxy-1,4- Benzene diisocyanate, 2,3-diisocyanate pyridine, 2,4-diisocyanate pyridine, 2,5-diisocyanate pyridine, 2,6-diisocyanate pyridine, 2,5-diisocyanate nate-3-methylpyridine, 2,5-diisocyanate-4-methylpyridine, 2,5-diisocyanate-6-methylpyridine and the like.

Examples of the (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl ( (meth)acrylic acid alkylester which has hydroxyl groups, such as meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, and 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth)acrylate; polyfunctional (meth)acrylates having a hydroxyl group such as trimethylolpropane di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, and dipentaerythritol penta(meth)acrylate; Polyethylene glycol monoacrylate, polypropylene glycol monoacrylate, etc. can be used.

The silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin is, for example, in the absence of a solvent, after the polysilicon having a hydroxyl group at both ends and the (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group are put into the reaction system, the polyisocyanate is supplied, A urethane prepolymer having an isocyanate group is obtained by reacting the polyisocyanate with a polysilicon having a hydroxyl group at both ends in the absence of a solvent or by mixing and reacting, and then supplying a (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group, mixing and It can be manufactured by making it react. The reaction may be performed at 20 to 120° C. for 30 minutes to 24 hours.

When preparing the silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin, a polymerization inhibitor, a urethanization catalyst, etc. may be used as needed.

The polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight (hereinafter referred to as 'weight average molecular weight') measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC, using tetrahydrofuran as an elution solvent) of the silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin is not particularly limited. , for example, may be 1,500 to 3,000.

The silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin may be used in an amount of 30 to 85% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total pressure-sensitive adhesive composition.

Examples of the (meth)acrylate ester monomer include aliphatic (meth)acrylate, alicyclic (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylate having an ether group, (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group, aromatic (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylamide etc. which have a nitrogen atom can be used.

Examples of the aliphatic (meth)acrylate include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, sec-butyl (meth) ) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylbutyl (meth) acrylate, n-pentyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, heptyl ( Meth) acrylate, n-octyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, isodecyl (meth) acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, 3-methylbutyl (meth) ) acrylate, isooctyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, isostearyl (meth) acrylate, neopentyl (meth) acrylate, hexadecyl (meth) acrylate, isoamyl (meth) acrylate, and the like can be exemplified.

Examples of the alicyclic (meth)acrylate include isobornyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, and tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth)acrylate.

Examples of the (meth)acrylate having an ether group include 3-methoxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-methoxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methoxybutyl ( Methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate, ethoxy-diethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethyl carbitol (meth) acrylate, etc. are exemplified by meth) acrylate and oxyethylene having an added mole number of 1 to 15. .

Examples of the (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, and 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate.

Examples of the aromatic (meth) acrylate include benzyl (meth) acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, phenoxy polyethylene glycol acrylate, phenyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl ( meth)acrylate and the like.

Examples of the (meth)acrylamide having a nitrogen atom include (meth)acrylamide, dimethyl (meth)acrylamide, acryloylmorpholine, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, isopropyl (meth)acrylamide, diethyl (meth)acrylamide, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide, diacetone (meth)acrylamide, etc. are mentioned.

The (meth)acrylate ester monomer may be used in an amount of 10 to 69% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total pressure-sensitive adhesive composition.

The photoinitiator refers to an initiator that absorbs active energy rays to generate radicals. Specific examples of the photoinitiator include a benzoin compound, a benzophenone compound, a thioxanthone compound, an acetophenone compound, and the like.

The photoinitiator may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 10.0% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total pressure-sensitive adhesive composition. When the photoinitiator is included in an amount of less than 0.01% by weight, it may be difficult to effectively initiate a crosslinking reaction, and when it exceeds 10.0% by weight, discoloration may occur due to the remaining initiator, and durability may be reduced.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, as the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 are inserted between each layer or each member included in the flexible display device, tension, compression and When the same stress occurs, strain separation can occur.

Accordingly, a neutral plane (NP) may be formed in each layer or each member included in the flexible display device.

1 , a first neutral plane NP1 is formed in the display panel 100 , a second neutral plane NP2 is formed in the functional structure 200 , and a third neutral plane NP2 is formed in the window 300 . A surface NP3 may be formed.

In order to form a neutral plane by the strain separation through the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 at a low temperature of -20°C, the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 at -20°C The stress recovery strain can be adjusted. As described above, a neutral plane is formed for each member of each layer of the flexible display device by the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 at a low temperature of -20 ° C. improved, and stress damage in each layer of the display panel 100 , the functional structure 200 , and the window 300 can be suppressed.

The formation of the neutral plane through the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 will be described later in more detail with reference to FIG. 4 .

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display panel of a flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the display panel 100 may include a thin film transistor (TFT), an insulating structure, a pixel electrode 145 , and a display layer 160 disposed on a panel substrate 105 .

The panel substrate 105 may serve as a base substrate of the display panel 100 . The panel substrate 105 may include, for example, a flexible resin material such as polyimide.

The thin film transistor may include an active layer 110 , a gate electrode 120 , a source electrode 132 , and a drain electrode 134 . The insulating structure may include a gate insulating layer 115 , an interlayer insulating layer 125 , and a via insulating layer 140 .

The active layer 110 is formed on the upper surface of the panel substrate 105 and may include polysilicon or an oxide semiconductor (eg, indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), etc.). The gate insulating layer 115 may be formed on the panel substrate 105 to cover the active layer 110 .

The gate electrode 120 may be disposed on the gate insulating layer 115 to overlap the active layer 110 . The gate electrode 120 may include a metal such as Al, Ti, Cu, W, Ta, Ag, or the like.

After forming the interlayer insulating layer 125 covering the gate electrode 120 on the gate insulating layer 115, the interlayer insulating layer 125 and the source electrode contacting the active layer 110 through the gate insulating layer 115 132 and the drain electrode 134 may be formed. The source electrode 132 and the drain electrode 134 may include a metal such as Al, Ti, Cu, W, Ta, Ag, or the like.

A via insulating layer 140 covering the source electrode 132 and the drain electrode 134 may be formed on the interlayer insulating layer 125 . The via insulating layer 140 may be formed using an organic insulating material such as an acrylic resin or a siloxane resin.

A pixel electrode 145 electrically connected to the drain electrode 134 may be formed on the via insulating layer 140 . The pixel electrode 145 may include a via portion passing through the via insulating layer 140 and contacting the drain electrode 134 . The pixel electrode 145 may include a metal such as Al, Ti, Cu, W, Ta, Ag, and/or a transparent conductive oxide (eg, indium tin oxide (ITO)).

A pixel defining layer 150 may be formed on the via insulating layer 140 , and a display layer 160 may be formed on the upper surface of the pixel electrode 145 exposed by the pixel defining layer 150 . The display layer 160 may be formed of, for example, an organic light emitting layer (EML) included in an OLED device or a liquid crystal layer included in an LCD device.

A counter electrode 170 may be formed on the pixel defining layer 150 and the display layer 160 . The counter electrode 170 may serve as a common electrode, a reflective electrode, or a cathode of the image display device.

The display panel 100 includes a plurality of pixels, and the thin film transistor and the pixel electrode 145 may be arranged for each pixel. The opposite electrode 170 may be provided as a common electrode continuously extending over the plurality of pixels.

An encapsulation layer 180 may be formed on the counter electrode 170 . The encapsulation layer 180 may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride, and/or an organic insulating material such as an acryl-based, siloxane-based, or urethane-based resin.

The display panel 100 may further include a pixel circuit electrically connected to the thin film transistor. For example, the pixel circuit may include a data line, a scan line, a power line, and the like, and each pixel may be defined for each intersection region of the data line and the scan line.

As described above, the first neutral plane NP1 is formed inside the display panel 100 at a low temperature of -20°C, and when bending at a low temperature of -20°C, cracks in the pixel circuit, thin film transistor, electrode, etc. , breakage and other damage can be suppressed.

The thickness of the display panel 100 may be 80 to 400 μm.

3 is a schematic plan view illustrating a touch sensor of a flexible display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the touch sensor may be applied to the functional structure 200 in the form of a touch screen panel or a touch sensor film.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the touch sensor may include a sensing electrode 210 , a trace 220 , and a pad 230 formed on a substrate 205 .

The touch sensor may include a sensing area (A) and a peripheral area (B). The sensing electrode 210 may be formed on the substrate 205 of the sensing region A, and the trace 220 and the pad 230 may be formed on the substrate 205 of the peripheral region B.

The sensing electrode 210 may be, for example, a first sensing electrode 210a and a second sensing electrode 210b arranged in first and second directions parallel to the upper surface of the substrate 205 and perpendicular to each other. ) may be included.

The first sensing electrode 210a may extend in the first direction, and a plurality of first sensing electrodes 210a may be formed along the second direction. The second sensing electrode 210b may extend in the second direction, and a plurality of second sensing electrodes 210b may be formed along the first direction.

Each of the first and second sensing electrodes 210a and 210b includes, for example, polygonal unit patterns, and may include a connection part or a bridge electrode for connecting neighboring unit patterns to each other. The inside of the unit pattern may include a conductive pattern patterned in a mesh type.

The trace 220 is branched from each of the sensing electrodes 210a and 210b , and a distal end of the trace 220 may be connected to the pad 230 . The touch sensor may be connected to an external circuit such as a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) through the pad 230 .

As described above, the second neutral plane NP2 is formed inside the touch sensor at a low temperature of -20°C, and when bending at a low temperature of -20°C, the sensing electrode 210, the bridge electrode, and the trace 220 are Cutting, cracking, etc. can be prevented.

4 is a graph illustrating a strain profile of a flexible display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4 , as described with reference to FIG. 1 , when the flexible display device is bent at a low temperature of -20°C, a neutral plane for each of the display panel 100 , the functional structure 200 , and the window 300 . can be formed.

As used herein, the term “neutral plane” means that when the flexible display device is bent, compressive stress (indicated by “-” in FIG. 4) and tensile stress (indicated by “+” in FIG. 4) are substantially the same plane. Defined. Accordingly, the strain may substantially converge to zero in the neutral plane.

When the flexible display device is bent, a compressive force is applied to an inner side of the flexible display device and a tensile force is applied to the outer side when the flexible display device is bent, which may cause damage to the internal structure.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the flexible display device is bent at a low temperature of -20°C, since each of the optical member or the information transfer member included in the flexible display device includes a neutral plane, the compressive force and tensile force are internal can be offset to prevent breakage, cracks, and damage to the internal structure. Accordingly, the bending or bending range of the flexible display device is extended at a low temperature of -20°C, so that flexibility and mechanical reliability may be improved together.

As shown in FIG. 4 , strain separation is generated between the display panel 100 and the functional structure 200 by the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 50 , and a first neutral plane NP1 and a second neutral plane ( NP2) may be formed in the display panel 100 and the functional structure 200, respectively.

In addition, strain separation is generated between the functional structure 200 and the window 300 by the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 90 , so that the third neutral plane NP3 may be formed in the window 300 .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the total thickness of the flexible display device may be in the range of 200 to 1,000㎛.

5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a flexible display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the functional structure may include a touch sensor 200a and a polarization layer 200b. In addition, a third pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 70 may be formed between the touch sensor 200a and the polarization layer 200b.

The third pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 70, like the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 described above, may have a stress recovery strain of 25 to 80% at -20°C. Accordingly, the bending resistance of the flexible display device including the third pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 70, in particular, low-temperature bending resistance may be improved.

The thickness of the third pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 70 may be 5 to 30 μm.

The pressure-sensitive adhesive composition forming the third pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 70 may be the same as the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition forming the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 described above.

When the flexible display device is bent at a low temperature of -20°C, strain separation between the touch sensor 200a and the polarization layer 200b is promoted by the third pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 70, so that the touch sensor 200a and the polarization layer A neutral plane may be formed inside each of the layers 200b.

For example, a second neutral plane NP2 may be formed inside the touch sensor 200a , and a third neutral plane NP3 may be formed inside the polarization layer 200b . The fourth neutral plane NP4 may be formed inside the window 300 by strain separation through the second adhesive layer 90 as described above.

6 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a flexible display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the flexible display device may further include, as an outermost layer, a protective film 350 exposed to a user's viewing side, for example. For example, the protective film 350 may be laminated on the window 300 .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the protective film 350 may be attached on the upper surface of the window 300 through the fourth adhesive layer 80 .

The fourth pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 80, like the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 described above, may have a stress recovery strain of 25 to 80% at -20°C. Accordingly, the bending resistance of the flexible display device including the fourth pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 80 , in particular, low-temperature bending resistance may be improved.

The thickness of the fourth pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 80 may be 5 to 30 μm.

The pressure-sensitive adhesive composition forming the fourth pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 80 may be the same as the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition forming the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers 50 and 90 described above.

The protective film 350 may include a flexible resin film, for example, a polyimide film. The protective film 350 may have a thickness of 20 to 50 μm.

When the flexible display device is bent at a low temperature of -20°C, a neutral plane (eg, the fourth neutral plane NP4) may be formed inside the protective film 350 by the fourth pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 80 . have. Accordingly, the durability and crack resistance of the protective film 350 against external impacts may be further improved to protect the flexible display device.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of Examples, Comparative Examples and Experimental Examples. These Examples, Comparative Examples, and Experimental Examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

manufacturing example 1: silicone urethane ( meta ) acrylate Preparation of resin

In a 2L three-necked flask equipped with an electronic stirrer, a heating mantle, a cooling tube, and a temperature controller, polyisocyanate, polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends, and dibutyltindilaurate as a catalyst are contained in Table 1 below (unit: parts by weight) The reaction temperature was raised to 70 °C while stirring and the reaction was maintained for 4 hours. After that, (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group and methoxyhydroquinone as a polymerization inhibitor were added dropwise to the composition shown in Table 1 below to react, and the reaction was maintained for 2 hours after the addition was completed. ^{When the 2260 cm -1} peak, which is a characteristic peak of NCO on FT-IR, disappeared, the reaction was terminated to obtain a silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin.

Preparation Example 1 Polyisocyanate ¹⁾ 524 Polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends ²⁾ 933 dibutyltin dilaurate 0.4 Methoxyhydroquinone 0.3 (meth)acrylate having a hydroxyl group ³⁾ 232

1) 4,4'-methylene dicyclohexyl diisocyanate (molecular weight 262)

2) X-22-160AS (Shin-Etsu, molecular weight 933)

3) 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (molecular weight 116)

Example 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 to 3: flexible Manufacture of display devices

Each component was mixed with the composition shown in Table 2 below to prepare a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition (unit: wt%).

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin of Preparation Example 1 45 85 30 20 90 45 isodecyl acrylate 52 12 67 77 7 54 photoinitiator ¹⁾ 3 3 3 3 3 One

1) 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone

Each of the pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions prepared above was applied to a thickness of 25 μm on a release film coated with a silicone release agent, and the release film was bonded thereon, and then irradiated with a light quantity of ^{500 mJ/cm 2 using a high-pressure mercury UV lamp.} Thus, each adhesive sheet was prepared.

A pixel electrode, an organic light emitting layer (display layer), a counter electrode, and an encapsulation layer are sequentially formed on a panel substrate (polyimide, 30 μm in thickness) having a width and length of 10 cm, and the total thickness is 120 μm. A display panel was manufactured.

Each of the adhesive sheets prepared above was laminated on the display panel to form a first adhesive layer.

Next, a polarizing plate including a touch sensor (including an ITO electrode pattern layer formed on a TAC film), and a stretched polarizer on the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (a PVA polarizer film in which a TAC protective film is bonded to both sides of the retardation film is one side) attached to) to form a functional structure. The total thickness of the functional structure was 100 μm.

Each of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets prepared above was laminated on the functional structure to form a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

A flexible display device was manufactured by further laminating a window substrate (polyimide, thickness 70 μm) on the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

Experimental example One: flexible Evaluation of physical properties of display devices

The physical properties of the flexible display devices manufactured in Examples and Comparative Examples were measured in the following manner, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.

(1) Stress recovery strain rate

The sample size of the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples was 30 mm in length × 30 mm in width, and after bonding the measurement sample to a glass plate, it was stabilized at -20° C. for 10 minutes in a state in which it was adhered to the measurement tip. . After applying the shear stress so that the initial strain becomes 3% in the stabilized state, 100 seconds was maintained, and then the shear stress was released and the strain was measured after 1 second to calculate the stress recovery strain. .

(2) Flexural resistance

Flexural resistance was evaluated using a folding tester (DLDMLH-FS, YUASA). A sample is prepared by cutting the flexible display device prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples to a size of 100 mm × 10 mm, and when the sample is mounted on a tester, the samples are respectively reversely bonded so that a flexural tension is added to the organic light emitting layer. , the other sample was processed so that bending compressive stress was applied to the organic light emitting layer. After the sample was installed, evaluation was performed 200,000 times at a rate of 1R, 30 times/min.

Then, the bending portion of the sample was observed with an optical microscope (ECLIPSE LV100ND, NIKON) to evaluate the bending resistance according to the following criteria.

<Evaluation Criteria>

◎: no crack

○: 5 cracks or less, and does not grow along the entire length in the width direction

△: more than 5 cracks and no more than 10 cracks, and does not grow along the entire length in the width direction

×: 11 or more cracks, cracks exist along the entire length in the width direction

stress recovery strain Flexibility Example 1 34.6 ◎ Example 2 62.3 ○ Example 3 27.8 ○ Comparative Example 1 20.5 × Comparative Example 2 85.7 × Comparative Example 3 15.6 ×

As shown in Table 3, it can be confirmed that the flexible display devices of Examples 1 to 3 including the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having a stress recovery strain of 25 to 80% at -20°C have excellent bending resistance. have. On the other hand, it can be seen that the flexible display devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 including the first and second pressure-sensitive adhesive layers having the stress recovery strain at -20°C out of the range of 25 to 80% have poor bending resistance.

As the specific part of the present invention has been described in detail above, for those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, it is clear that these specific techniques are only preferred embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. do. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to make various applications and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the above contents.

Accordingly, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

50: first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 70: third pressure-sensitive adhesive layer
80: fourth pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 90: second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer
100: display panel 105: panel substrate
110: active layer 115: gate insulating film
120: gate electrode 125: interlayer insulating film
132: source electrode 134: drain electrode
140: via insulating layer 145: pixel electrode
150: pixel defining layer 160: display layer
170: counter electrode 180: encapsulation layer
200: functional structure 200a: touch sensor
200b: polarizing layer 205: substrate
210: sensing electrode 220: trace
230: pad 300: window
350: protective film

Claims (7)

display panel;
a functional structure disposed on the display panel;
a window disposed on the functional structure;
a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed between the display panel and the functional structure; and
A second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed between the functional structure and the window,
The first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, apply a shear stress to each of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layers at -20 ℃ so that the initial strain rate is 3%, and the shear stress is maintained for 100 seconds and then released and the strain rate after 1 second has elapsed The stress recovery strain, defined as a value divided by the initial strain, is 25 to 80%, and is formed from a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising a silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin, a (meth)acrylate ester monomer and a photoinitiator,
The silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin is a reaction product of polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends, polyisocyanate, and (meth)acrylate having hydroxyl groups,
A flexible display device wherein the polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends is a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:
[Formula 1]

In the above formula,
R ¹ and R ³ are each independently a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkylene group or a C ₁ -C ₁₀ oxyalkylene group,
R ² is a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl group, a C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl group or an aryl group,
n is an integer from 1 to 30; The flexible display device of claim 1 , wherein the display panel comprises an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel or a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel. The flexible display device of claim 1 , wherein the functional structure includes at least one of a touch sensor, a polarization layer, and a retardation layer. The flexible display device of claim 1 , wherein the window includes a base layer and a hard coating layer formed on at least one surface of the base layer. According to claim 1, wherein the functional structure comprises a touch sensor and a polarizing layer,
Further comprising a third pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed between the touch sensor and the polarizing layer,
In the third pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a shear stress is applied to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer at -20° C. so that the initial strain rate is 3%, and the shear stress is maintained for 100 seconds and then released, and the strain after 1 second is divided by the initial strain. The defined stress recovery strain is 25 to 80%, and is formed from a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising a silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin, a (meth)acrylate ester monomer and a photoinitiator,
The silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin is a reaction product of polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends, polyisocyanate, and (meth)acrylate having hydroxyl groups,
A flexible display device wherein the polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends is a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:
[Formula 1]

In the above formula,
R ¹ and R ³ are each independently a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkylene group or a C ₁ -C ₁₀ oxyalkylene group,
R ² is a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl group, a C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl group or an aryl group,
n is an integer from 1 to 30; The flexible display device of claim 1 , further comprising a protective film disposed on the window. The method according to claim 6, further comprising a fourth pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed between the window and the protective film, wherein the fourth pressure-sensitive adhesive layer applies a shear stress to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer at -20°C so that the initial strain rate is 3%, The shear stress is maintained for 100 seconds and then released, and the stress recovery strain, which is defined as the value obtained by dividing the strain after 1 second by the initial strain, is 25 to 80%, and silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin, (meth)acrylate It is formed from a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising an ester monomer and a photoinitiator,
The silicone urethane (meth)acrylate resin is a reaction product of polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends, polyisocyanate, and (meth)acrylate having hydroxyl groups,
A flexible display device wherein the polysilicon having hydroxyl groups at both ends is a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1:
[Formula 1]

In the above formula,
R ¹ and R ³ are each independently a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkylene group or a C ₁ -C ₁₀ oxyalkylene group,
R ² is a C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl group, a C ₃ -C ₁₀ cycloalkyl group or an aryl group,
n is an integer from 1 to 30;

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