KR102299170B1 - Polyethyleneimine-cholic acid ionic bonding compound with gene transfer ability and use thereof - Google Patents

Polyethyleneimine-cholic acid ionic bonding compound with gene transfer ability and use thereof Download PDF

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KR102299170B1
KR102299170B1 KR1020210004583A KR20210004583A KR102299170B1 KR 102299170 B1 KR102299170 B1 KR 102299170B1 KR 1020210004583 A KR1020210004583 A KR 1020210004583A KR 20210004583 A KR20210004583 A KR 20210004583A KR 102299170 B1 KR102299170 B1 KR 102299170B1
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polyethyleneimine
gene
gene delivery
acid
cholic acid
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도경오
박재원
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영남대학교 산학협력단
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a polyethylenimine-cholic acid ionic bonding compound for gene delivery and uses thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to a compound in which polyethyleneimine and cholic acid are ionically bound, a manufacturing method thereof, a gene transfer method thereof, and a use for gene transfer. A polyethylenimine-cholic acid derivative according to the present invention has low toxicity and excellent gene transfer efficiency, so it is useful for gene transfer and can be widely applied to gene therapy.

Description

유전자 전달능을 갖는 폴리에틸렌이민-콜산 이온결합 화합물 및 이의 용도{Polyethyleneimine-cholic acid ionic bonding compound with gene transfer ability and use thereof}Polyethyleneimine-cholic acid ionic bonding compound with gene transfer ability and use thereof {Polyethyleneimine-cholic acid ionic bonding compound with gene transfer ability and use thereof}

본 발명은 유전자 전달능을 갖는 폴리에틸렌이민-콜산 이온결합 화합물 및 이의 용도에 관한 것으로, 구체적으로 폴리에틸렌이민과 콜산이 이온결합한 화합물, 이의 제조방법, 이의 유전자 전달방법, 및 유전자 전달용 용도에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a polyethylenimine-cholic acid ionic compound having gene transfer ability and uses thereof, and more particularly, to a compound in which polyethyleneimine and cholic acid are ionically bound, a preparation method thereof, a gene transfer method thereof, and a use for gene transfer .

유전자 치료(Gene therapy)란 pDNA, siRNA 등과 같은 유전물질을 환자의 세포 안으로 주입시켜 유전자 결함을 교정하거나, 세포의 유전적 변형에 의해 유발된 암, 감염성 질병, 자가 면역 질환 등과 같은 모든 유전적 결함을 예방하거나 치료하는 방법을 말한다. 이러한 유전자 치료는 암 치료 혹은 유전자 변형에 의한 질병을 치료할 수 있는 획기적인 치료 방법으로 주목을 받고 있다. Gene therapy is any genetic defect such as cancer, infectious disease, autoimmune disease, etc. caused by genetic modification of cells or by correcting a genetic defect by injecting genetic material such as pDNA or siRNA into the patient's cells. how to prevent or treat Such gene therapy is attracting attention as an innovative treatment method capable of treating cancer or diseases caused by genetic modification.

이러한 유전자 치료를 위해, 치료 효과를 지닌 유전물질을 세포 내부로 전달할 수 있는 바이러스, 리포좀, 폴리머 등의 유전자 전달체(gene delivery)의 개발에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다.For such gene therapy, research on the development of gene delivery systems such as viruses, liposomes, and polymers capable of delivering a genetic material having a therapeutic effect into cells is being actively conducted.

한편, 생체적합성 고분자는 약물전달체의 구성물질로 화학적 약물, 조영제, 펩타이드, 단백질 및 유전물질 등 다양한 치료제를 전달하기 위한 효과적인 시스템 개발에 사용되고 있다. On the other hand, biocompatible polymers are used in the development of effective systems for delivering various therapeutic agents, such as chemical drugs, contrast agents, peptides, proteins, and genetic materials, as constituent materials of drug delivery systems.

이들 가운데 양이온성 폴리머인 폴리에틸렌이민(polyethylenimine, PEI)은 고농도의 양이온성 아민 그룹으로 이루어져 있어 음전하를 띄는 핵산물질을 압축하여 콜로이드 입자를 형성할 수 있으며, 엔도시토시스(endocytosis) 과정을 통하여 세포 내 이입이 가능함이 보고되었다.Among them, polyethyleneimine (polyethylenimine, PEI), a cationic polymer, consists of a high concentration of cationic amine groups, and can form colloidal particles by compressing negatively charged nucleic acid substances. Translocation is reported to be possible.

유전자 전달은 세포막 통과, 엔도좀 탈출, 핵막 통과와 같이 크게 세 부류로 나뉘는데, 폴리에틸렌이민을 이용한 복합체는 다른 유전자 전달체와 달리 pH 완충능력을 이용한 양성자 스폰지 효과(proton sponge effect)를 통해 효과적으로 엔도좀 탈출 과정이 가능하다. 하지만 상대적으로 고분자의 폴리에틸렌이민은 효과적인 유전자 전달이 가능하지만 세포독성이 강하고, 저분자 폴리에틸렌이민은 세포독성은 적지만 유전자 전달 효율이 상대적으로 떨어지지는 단점이 있다. Gene delivery is largely divided into three categories, such as cell membrane passage, endosome escape, and nuclear membrane passage. Unlike other gene delivery systems, the complex using polyethylenimine effectively escapes endosomes through the proton sponge effect using pH buffering ability. process is possible However, a relatively high molecular weight polyethyleneimine is capable of effective gene transfer but has strong cytotoxicity, and a low molecular weight polyethyleneimine has less cytotoxicity, but has a disadvantage in that the gene transfer efficiency is relatively low.

한편, 콜산(cholic acid)은 콜레스테롤에 비해 높은 친수성 및 생체 적합성을 보여주며, 양친성으로 인해 세포막을 효율적으로 불안정하게 할 수 있어 유전자 전달체를 구성하는 데 있어 효과적이다. 또한 핵막에 발현된 스테로이드 수용체에 대한 리간드로써 유전자 전달 효율에 도움을 준다. 콜산을 이용해 폴리에틸렌이민 유도체를 합성한 이전 연구에 따르면 유전자 전달 효율은 증진이 되었지만 복잡한 화학적 수식을 통해 유도체를 합성해야 하는 어려움이 있다. On the other hand, cholic acid shows high hydrophilicity and biocompatibility compared to cholesterol, and can effectively destabilize cell membranes due to its amphiphilicity, so it is effective in constructing a gene delivery system. In addition, as a ligand for a steroid receptor expressed on the nuclear membrane, it helps in gene transfer efficiency. According to a previous study that synthesized a polyethyleneimine derivative using cholic acid, the gene transfer efficiency was improved, but there is a difficulty in synthesizing the derivative through a complex chemical formula.

이러한 배경 하에서, 본 발명은 다양한 종류의 콜산과 여러 분자량을 갖는 폴리에틸렌이민을 이온 결합한 화합물을 간편하게 유도체로 형성하며, 이의 유전자 전달체의 효용성을 밝혔다.Under this background, the present invention conveniently forms derivatives of various types of cholic acid and polyethylenimine having various molecular weights to form derivatives, and reveals the effectiveness of its gene delivery system.

1. Godbey, W. T., Kenneth K. Wu, and Antonios G. Mikos. "Poly (ethylenimine) and its role in gene delivery." Journal of controlled release 60.2-3 (1999): 149-160

Figure 112021004435711-pat00001
2. Lostal-Seijo, Irene, and Javier Montenegro. "Synthetic materials at the forefront of gene delivery." Nature Reviews Chemistry 2.10 (2018): 258-277 3. S.K. Tripathy, H.B. Black, E. Goldwasser, J.M. Leiden. “Immune responses to transgene-encoded proteins limit the stability of gene expression after injection of replication-defective adenovirus vectors.” Nat. Med., 2 (1996), pp. 545-550 4. L Brito, S Little, R Langer, M Amiji. "Poly(beta-amino ester) and cationic phospholipid-based lipopolyplexes for gene delivery and transfection in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells," Biomacromolecules, 9 (2008), pp. 1179-1187 5. J Rejman, A Bragonzi, M Conese. "Role of clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis in gene transfer mediated by lipo- and polyplexes," Mol Ther, 12 (2005), pp. 468-474 6. Rebuffat A, Bernasconi A, Ceppi M, Wehrli H, Verca SB, Ibrahim M, Frey BM, Frey FJ, Rusconi S. “Selective enhancement of gene transfer by steroid-mediated gene delivery”. Nat Biotechnol. 2001; 19: 1155-1161. 7. Tu H, Okamoto AY, Shan B. FXR, "A bile acid receptor and biological sensor." Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2000; 10: 30-35. 8. Brahmanand D, Laura R, Krutika S, Hasan U, "Cholic acid modified 2kDa polyethylenimine as efficient transfection agent." Biotechnol Prog, 29 (2013), 5, pp, 1337-1341 9. J.P. Wang, F.F. Meng, B.K. Kim, X. Ke, Y. Yeo, In-vitro and in-vivo difference in gene delivery by lithocholic acid-polyethyleneimine conjugate. Biomaterials, 217 (2019), p. 119296 1. Godbey, WT, Kenneth K. Wu, and Antonios G. Mikos. "Poly (ethylenimine) and its role in gene delivery." Journal of controlled release 60.2-3 (1999): 149-160
Figure 112021004435711-pat00001
2. Lostal-Seijo, Irene, and Javier Montenegro. "Synthetic materials at the forefront of gene delivery." Nature Reviews Chemistry 2.10 (2018): 258-277 3. SK Tripathy, HB Black, E. Goldwasser, JM Leiden. “Immune responses to transgene-encoded proteins limit the stability of gene expression after injection of replication-defective adenovirus vectors.” Nat. Med., 2 (1996), pp. 545-550 4. L Brito, S Little, R Langer, M Amiji. "Poly(beta-amino ester) and cationic phospholipid-based lipopolyplexes for gene delivery and transfection in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells," Biomacromolecules, 9 (2008), pp. 1179-1187 5. J Rejman, A Bragonzi, M Conese. "Role of clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis in gene transfer mediated by lipo- and polyplexes," Mol Ther, 12 (2005), pp. 468-474 6. Rebuffat A, Bernasconi A, Ceppi M, Wehrli H, Verca SB, Ibrahim M, Frey BM, Frey FJ, Rusconi S. “Selective enhancement of gene transfer by steroid-mediated gene delivery”. Nat Biotechnol. 2001; 19: 1155-1161. 7. Tu H, Okamoto AY, Shan B. FXR, "A bile acid receptor and biological sensor." Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2000; 10: 30-35. 8. Brahmanand D, Laura R, Krutika S, Hasan U, "Cholic acid modified 2kDa polyethylenimine as efficient transfection agent." Biotechnol Prog, 29 (2013), 5, pp, 1337-1341 9. JP Wang, FF Meng, BK Kim, X. Ke, Y. Yeo, In-vitro and in-vivo difference in gene delivery by lithocholic acid-polyethyleneimine conjugate. Biomaterials, 217 (2019), p. 119296

본 발명의 목적은 독성이 적으면서 효과적인 유전자 전달 효율을 갖는 유전자 전달체, 이의 제조방법, 및 이를 이용한 세포 내 유전자 전달방법을 제공하는데 있다.An object of the present invention is to provide a gene delivery system having low toxicity and effective gene transfer efficiency, a method for preparing the same, and an intracellular gene delivery method using the same.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산이 이온결합된 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 유전자 전달체를 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a gene delivery system represented by the following formula (1) in which polyethyleneimine and cholic acid are ionically bonded.

[화학식 1][Formula 1]

Figure 112021004435711-pat00002
Figure 112021004435711-pat00002

상기 화학식 1에서, 상기 m은 2 내지 930 의 정수이고, n은 58 내지 930 의 정수이다.In Formula 1, m is an integer of 2 to 930, and n is an integer of 58 to 930.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 유전자 전달체 및 유전자를 포함하는 유전자 전달용 조성물을 제공하는데 있다.In addition, the present invention is to provide a composition for gene delivery comprising the gene delivery system and the gene.

또한, 본 발명은 (a) 알코올 용액에 폴리에틸렌이민을 용해하고 산 용액을 첨가하여 반응시키는 단계; 및 (b) 상기 용액에 콜산을 혼합하고 반응 후 초음파 처리하여 상기 유전자 전달체를 수득하는 단계;를 포함하는 유전자 전달체의 제조방법을 제공하는데 있다.In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of (a) dissolving polyethyleneimine in an alcohol solution and adding an acid solution to the reaction; and (b) mixing cholic acid with the solution and sonicating after reaction to obtain the gene delivery system.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 유전자 전달체를 세포와 접촉시키는 단계를 포함하는, 유전자의 전달방법을 제공하는데 있다.In addition, the present invention provides a gene delivery method comprising the step of contacting the gene delivery system with a cell.

본 발명에 따른 폴리에틸렌이민-콜산의 유도체는 독성이 적고 유전자 전달효율이 우수한바 유전자 전달 용도로 유용하여 유전자 치료에 널리 적용될 수 있다.The polyethylenimine-cholic acid derivative according to the present invention has low toxicity and excellent gene transfer efficiency, so it is useful for gene transfer and can be widely applied to gene therapy.

도 1은 3종의 폴리에틸렌이민과 3종의 콜산을 이용하여 폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산이 이온결합된 화합물을 제조하는 과정을 나타내는 도면이다.
도 2는 리토콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민(LPL)을 푸리에변환 적외선 분광학(FT-IR)로 분석한 결과를 나타낸다.
도 3은 중국 햄스터 난소세포(CHO)와 자궁경부암세포(HeLa)에서 공유결합을 이용한 PLC와 이온결합한 리토콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민(LPL)의 유전자 전달효율 및 세포독성을 비교한 결과를 나타낸다.
도 4는 중국 햄스터 난소세포(CHO)에서 합성된 유전자 전달체의 형질주입(transfection) 효율 및 세포독성을 평가한 결과를 나타낸다.
도 5는 중국 햄스터 난소세포(CHO)에서 합성된 유전자 전달체의 폴리에틸렌이민과 DNA 사용량(무게비)에 따른 형질주입(transfection) 효율 및 세포독성을 평가한 결과를 나타낸다.
도 6은 본 발명에 따른 화합물의 pH 조절에 따른 형질주입 효율 평가한 결과를 나타낸 것이다.
도 7은 최적의 DNA 및 화합물 비율(1:4)과 pH(6.9 내지 7.1)를 조절하여 제조한 유전자 전달체의 유전자 전달 효율 및 세포독성 평가한 결과를 나타낸다.1 is a view showing a process for preparing a compound in which polyethyleneimine and cholic acid are ionically bonded using three kinds of polyethyleneimine and three kinds of cholic acid.
Figure 2 shows the results of analysis of lithocholized linear polyethyleneimine (LPL) by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).
3 shows the results of comparing the gene transfer efficiency and cytotoxicity of lithocylated linear polyethyleneimine (LPL) ionically bonded to PLC using covalent bonding in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa).
4 shows the results of evaluating the transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity of the gene delivery system synthesized in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO).
5 shows the results of evaluating the transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity according to the amount of polyethylenimine and DNA used (weight ratio) of the gene delivery system synthesized in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO).
6 shows the results of evaluating the transfection efficiency according to the pH control of the compound according to the present invention.
7 shows the results of evaluating the gene delivery efficiency and cytotoxicity of the gene delivery system prepared by adjusting the optimal DNA and compound ratio (1:4) and pH (6.9 to 7.1).

본 발명은 폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산이 이온결합된 화합물이 독성이 낮고 여러 세포주(중국 햄스터 난소세포(CHO), 자궁경부암세포(HeLa))에서 유전자 전달 효율이 우수하다는 것을 확인하여 본 발명을 완성하기에 이르렀다.The present invention confirmed that the compound in which polyethyleneimine and cholic acid are ionically bonded has low toxicity and has excellent gene transfer efficiency in several cell lines (Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO), cervical cancer cells (HeLa)) to complete the present invention. reached

따라서, 본 발명은 폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산이 이온결합된 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 유전자 전달체를 제공한다.Accordingly, the present invention provides a gene delivery system represented by the following formula (1) in which polyethyleneimine and cholic acid are ionically bonded.

[화학식 1][Formula 1]

Figure 112021004435711-pat00003
Figure 112021004435711-pat00003

상기 화학식 1에서, 상기 m은 2 내지 930 의 정수이고, n은 58 내지 930 의 정수이다. 도 1은 폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산이 이온결합하는 과정을 나타내는 모식도이다.In Formula 1, m is an integer of 2 to 930, and n is an integer of 58 to 930. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the process of ion bonding between polyethyleneimine and cholic acid.

상기 폴리에틸렌이민(Polyethyleneimine)은 선형 폴리에틸렌이민(Linear PEI) 또는 가지형 폴리에틸렌이민(Branched PEI)일 수 있다. 바람직하게는 선형 폴리에틸렌이민일 수 있다. The polyethyleneimine may be linear polyethyleneimine or branched polyethyleneimine. Preferably, it may be a linear polyethyleneimine.

본 발명의 실시에 있어서, 상기 선형 폴리에틸렌이민은 분자량이 작을 경우에는 유전자 전달 효율이 낮아질 수 있으며, 클 경우에는 세포 독성이 나타날 수 있다. 가지형 폴리에틸렌이민의 가지사슬은 주사슬 질소 원자의 3 내지 3.5 개당 하나 정도 존재하는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이러한 폴리에틸렌이민은 물, 알코올, 글리콜, 디메틸포름아미드, 테트라하이드로퓨란, 에스테르류 등에 용해되는 한편, 고분자량의 탄화수소류, 올릭산(oleic acid), 디에틸에테르에는 용해되지 않는 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한, 폴리에틸렌이민은 대부분의 염화용매(chlorinated solvent)와 서서히 반응하여 케톤과 가교될 수 있다. In the practice of the present invention, when the molecular weight of the linear polyethyleneimine is small, gene transfer efficiency may be lowered, and if the molecular weight is large, cytotoxicity may appear. It is known that about one branched chain of branched polyethyleneimine exists per 3 to 3.5 of the main chain nitrogen atoms, and such polyethyleneimine is soluble in water, alcohol, glycol, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, esters, etc., It is known that it does not dissolve in high molecular weight hydrocarbons, oleic acid, and diethyl ether. In addition, polyethyleneimine can be crosslinked with ketones by slowly reacting with most chlorinated solvents.

상기 폴리에틸렌이민은 중량평균분자량이 2,500 내지 40,000 일 수 있다. 중량평균분자량이 2,500 미만인 경우 형질주입에 한계가 있고, 40,000 초과인 경우 세포독성에 한계가 있기에 상기 범위 내의 것을 사용하는 것이 좋다.The polyethyleneimine may have a weight average molecular weight of 2,500 to 40,000. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 2,500, there is a limit to transfection, and if it is more than 40,000, there is a limit to cytotoxicity, so it is better to use one within the above range.

상기 콜산(cholic acid)은 리토콜산(lithocholic acid), 데옥시콜산(deoxycholic acid), 및 타우로콜산(taurocholic acid)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상일 수 있으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.The cholic acid may be at least one selected from the group consisting of lithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and taurocholic acid, but is not limited thereto.

본 발명에 있어서, 화합물의 명명은 콜산의 종류와 폴리에틸렌이민의 종류에 따라 명명하였다. 한 예로 리토콜산(lithocholic acid)과 선형 폴리에틸렌이민(PEI Linear)을 이용한 화합물을 LPL(Lithocholic acid PEI Linear)이라 한다.In the present invention, the name of the compound was named according to the type of cholic acid and the type of polyethyleneimine. One example is referred to lithocholic acid (lithocholic acid), and linear polyethyleneimine (PEI Linear) an LPL (L ithocholic acid P L inear EI) using the compound.

상기 유전자는 gDNA, cDNA, 플라스미드 DNA, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, 안티센스 뉴클레오티드, 미스센스 뉴클레오티드 및 단백질 생산 뉴클레오티드로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택될 수 있다. 예를 들면, 유전자는 EGF(epidermal growth factor), 섬유아세포 성장인자 FGF(fibroblast growth factor), 혈소판유래 성장인자(platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF), 종양성장인자-b(transforming growth factor-b, TGF-b), 혈관세포 성장인자(vascular endothelial growth factor, vEGF) 또는 인슐린(insulin)을 발현하는 유전자일 수 있으나 반드시 이에 제한되지 않는다.The gene may be selected from the group consisting of gDNA, cDNA, plasmid DNA, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, antisense nucleotides, missense nucleotides and protein-producing nucleotides. For example, genes include epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), tumor growth factor-b (transforming growth factor-b, TGF-b), vascular cell growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor, vEGF) or may be a gene expressing insulin (insulin), but is not necessarily limited thereto.

또한, 본 발명은 유전자 전달체; 및 유전자를 포함하는 유전자 전달용 조성물을 제공한다. In addition, the present invention is a gene delivery system; And it provides a composition for gene delivery comprising the gene.

이때 상기 유전자 전달체 및 유전자는 4 내지 6 : 1 중량비로 포함하는 것이 바람직한데, 이는 독성이 낮으면서도 유전자 전달 효율이 가장 우수하기 때문이다. At this time, it is preferable to include the gene delivery system and the gene in a weight ratio of 4 to 6:1, because the gene transfer efficiency is the best while having low toxicity.

본 발명의 조성물에는 약제학적으로 허용되는 담체로서 통상적으로 이용되는, 락토스, 덱스트로스, 수크로스, 솔비톨, 만니톨, 전분, 아카시아 고무, 인산 칼슘, 알기네이트, 젤라틴, 규산 칼슘, 미세결정성 셀룰로스, 폴리비닐피롤리돈, 셀룰로스, 물, 시럽, 메틸 셀룰로스, 메틸히드록시벤조에이트, 프로필히드록시벤조에이트, 활석, 스테아르산 마그네슘 및 미네랄 오일 등을 포함하나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다. 본 발명의 조성물은 상기 성분들 이외에 윤활제, 습윤제, 감미제, 향미제, 유화제, 현탁제, 보존제 등 을 추가로 포함할 수 있다. In the composition of the present invention, lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, starch, gum acacia, calcium phosphate, alginate, gelatin, calcium silicate, microcrystalline cellulose, which are commonly used as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose, water, syrup, methyl cellulose, methylhydroxybenzoate, propylhydroxybenzoate, talc, magnesium stearate and mineral oil, and the like. The composition of the present invention may further include a lubricant, a wetting agent, a sweetening agent, a flavoring agent, an emulsifying agent, a suspending agent, a preservative, and the like, in addition to the above components.

또한, 본 발명은 (a) 알코올 용액에 폴리에틸렌이민을 용해하고 산 용액을 첨가하여 반응시키는 단계; 및 (b) 상기 용액에 콜산을 혼합하고 반응 후 초음파 처리하여 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 유전자 전달체를 수득하는 단계;를 포함하는 유전자 전달체의 제조방법을 제공한다. In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of (a) dissolving polyethyleneimine in an alcohol solution and adding an acid solution to the reaction; and (b) mixing cholic acid with the solution and sonicating after the reaction to obtain the gene carrier represented by Formula 1 above.

폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산이 이온결합된 화합물을 제조하기 위해, 상기 (a) 단계는 알코올 용액에 폴리에틸렌이민을 용해하고 산 용액을 첨가하여 반응시킨다. 알코올 용액은 메탄올, 에탄올, 프로판올, 부탄올, 펜탄올 및 헥살올로부터 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상이나 이에 반드시 한정되지 않는다.In order to prepare a compound in which polyethyleneimine and cholic acid are ionically bonded, in step (a), polyethyleneimine is dissolved in an alcohol solution and reacted by adding an acid solution. The alcohol solution is at least one selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, and hexalol, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

상기 (b) 단계는 상기 용액에 콜산을 혼합하고 반응 후 초음파 처리하여 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 유전자 전달체를 수득하는 단계로서, 콜산은 알코올 용액에 별도로 혼합하여 (a) 단계에서 수득한 용액에 넣을 수 있다. In step (b), cholic acid is mixed with the solution and sonicated after the reaction to obtain the gene carrier represented by Chemical Formula 1, and cholic acid is separately mixed with an alcohol solution and put into the solution obtained in step (a). can

(b) 단계에서 얻은 용액을 진공 감압농축을 통해 용매를 완전히 제거하한 후 초음파 처리하여 폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산이 이온결합된 화합물을 수득할 수 있다.(b) The solution obtained in step (b) can be completely removed from the solvent through vacuum concentration and then sonicated to obtain a compound in which polyethyleneimine and cholic acid are ionically bonded.

이때 상기 (b) 단계에서 수득한 폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산이 포함된 용액의 pH를 6.9 내지 7.1로 조절하는 것이 바람직하다. 이는 폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산 이온결합 화합물을 가장 효율적으로 제조할 수 있기 때문이다.At this time, it is preferable to adjust the pH of the solution containing the polyethyleneimine and cholic acid obtained in step (b) to 6.9 to 7.1. This is because the polyethylenimine and cholic acid ionic compound can be prepared most efficiently.

아울러, 상기 (b) 단계에서 콜산을 혼합한 후 1 내지 3 시간 동안 반응시키는 것이 수득율 면에서 가장 바람직하나, 이는 반응 조건에 따라 변경 가능하다.In addition, it is most preferable in terms of yield to react for 1 to 3 hours after mixing cholic acid in step (b), but this can be changed depending on the reaction conditions.

또한, 본 발명은 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 유전자 전달체를 인 비트로 또는 인 비보의 세포와 접촉시키는 단계를 포함하는, 유전자의 전달방법을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides a gene delivery method comprising the step of contacting the gene delivery system represented by Formula 1 with a cell in vitro or in vivo.

이하에서는, 본 발명을 한정하지 않는 실시 예에 따라 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다. 본 발명의 하기 실시 예는 본 발명을 구체화하기 위한 것일 뿐 본 발명의 권리범위를 제한하거나 한정하는 것이 아님은 물론이다. 따라서, 본 발명의 상세한 설명 및 실시예로부터 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야의 전문가가 용이하게 유추할 수 있는 것은 본 발명의 권리범위에 속하는 것으로 해석된다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail according to embodiments that do not limit the present invention. Of course, the following examples of the present invention are not intended to limit or limit the scope of the present invention, but only to embody the present invention. Therefore, what can be easily inferred by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention pertains from the detailed description and examples of the present invention is construed as belonging to the scope of the present invention.

<실시예 1> 이온결합한 유전자 전달체 합성<Example 1> Synthesis of ion-coupled gene delivery system

하기의 실시 예에서 본 발명을 더욱 상세하게 설명하기로 한다. 이들 실시 예는 단지 발명을 예시하기 위한 것으로, 본 발명의 범위가 이들 실시 예에 의해 제한되지 않는다.The present invention will be described in more detail in the following examples. These examples are merely for illustrating the invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.

1-1. 리토콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 (LPL) 합성1-1. Synthesis of Lithocholated Linear Polyethylenimine (LPL)

선형 폴리에틸렌이민(중량평균분자량 2,500)을 메탄올에 용해시킨 뒤, 염산(HCl) 수용액을 첨가해주고 30분 동안 실온에서 반응을 진행하였다. 메탄올에 용해시킨 리토콜산을 첨가해준 뒤 다시 2시간 동안 반응을 진행하였다. 반응 종료 후, 회전증발농축기로 지질 필름 제형을 형성시킨다. 진공 감압농축을 통해 용매를 완전히 제거시켜준다. 그 후 증류수(Distilled Water)를 넣어주고 초음파처리를 통해 유전자 전달체를 형성 하였다(도 1). 또한 푸리에변환 적외선 분광학(FT-IR) 분석을 이용하여 합성이 완료되었음을 확인하였다(도 2).After dissolving linear polyethyleneimine (weight average molecular weight 2,500) in methanol, hydrochloric acid (HCl) aqueous solution was added thereto, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature for 30 minutes. After the addition of lithocholic acid dissolved in methanol, the reaction was continued for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, a lipid film formulation is formed in a rotary evaporator. The solvent is completely removed by vacuum concentration under reduced pressure. After that, distilled water was added and a gene delivery system was formed through sonication (FIG. 1). In addition, it was confirmed that the synthesis was completed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis (FIG. 2).

1-2. 데옥시콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 (DPL) 합성1-2. Deoxycholated Linear Polyethylenimine (DPL) Synthesis

상기 실시예 1-1과 동일한 방법으로 제조하되, 리토콜산 대신 데옥시콜산을 사용하여 제조하였다(도 1).It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that deoxycholic acid was used instead of lithocholic acid (FIG. 1).

1-3. 타우로콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 (TPL) 합성1-3. Synthesis of Taurocholated Linear Polyethylenimine (TPL)

상기 실시예 1-1과 동일한 방법으로 제조하되, 리토콜산 대신 타우로콜산을 사용하여 제조하였다(도 1).It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that taurocholic acid was used instead of lithocholic acid (FIG. 1).

1-4. 리토콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 (LPH) 합성1-4. Synthesis of Lithocholated Linear Polyethylenimine (LPH)

상기 실시예 1-1과 동일한 방법으로 제조하되, 중량평균분자량이 2,500인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 대신 중량평균분자량이 4,000인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민을 사용하여 제조하였다(도 1).It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 4,000 was used instead of linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 2,500 (FIG. 1).

1-5. 데옥시콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 (DPH) 합성1-5. Synthesis of deoxycholated linear polyethyleneimine (DPH)

상기 실시예 1-2와 동일한 방법으로 제조하되, 중량평균분자량이 2,500인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 대신 중량평균분자량이 4,500인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민을 사용하고, 리토콜산 대신 데옥시콜산을 사용하여 제조하였다(도 1).It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-2, except that a linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 4,500 was used instead of a linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 2,500, and deoxycholic acid was used instead of lithocholic acid (Fig. One).

1-6. 타우로콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 (TPH) 합성1-6. Synthesis of Taurocholated Linear Polyethylenimine (TPH)

상기 실시예 1-3과 동일한 방법으로 제조하되, 중량평균분자량이 2,500인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 대신 분자량이 4,000인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민을 사용하고, 리토콜산 대신 타우로콜산을 사용하여 제조하였다(도 1).It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-3, except that linear polyethyleneimine having a molecular weight of 4,000 was used instead of linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 2,500, and taurocholic acid was used instead of lithocholic acid (FIG. 1) .

1-7. 리토콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 (LPM) 합성1-7. Synthesis of Lithocholated Linear Polyethylenimine (LPM)

상기 실시예 1-1과 동일한 방법으로 제조하되, 중량평균분자량이 2,500인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 대신 중량평균분자량이 40,000인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민을 사용하여 제조하였다(도 1).It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 40,000 was used instead of linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 2,500 (FIG. 1).

1-8. 데옥시콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 (DPM) 합성1-8. Deoxycholated Linear Polyethylenimine (DPM) Synthesis

상기 실시예 1-2와 동일한 방법으로 제조하되, 중량평균분자량이 2,500인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 대신 중량평균분자량이 40,000인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민을 사용하고, 리토콜산 대신 데옥시콜산을 사용하여 제조하였다(도 1).It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-2, except that linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 40,000 was used instead of linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 2,500, and deoxycholic acid was used instead of lithocholic acid (Fig. One).

1-9. 타우로콜화 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 (TPM) 합성1-9. Taurocholated Linear Polyethylenimine (TPM) Synthesis

상기 실시예 1-3과 동일한 방법으로 제조하되, 중량평균분자량이 2,500인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민 대신 중량평균분자량이 40,000인 선형 폴리에틸렌이민을 사용하고, 리토콜산 대신 타우로콜산을 사용하여 제조하였다(도 1).It was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-3, except that linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 40,000 was used instead of linear polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 2,500, and taurocholic acid was used instead of lithocholic acid (Fig. One).

<비교예 1> 공유결합한 유전자 전달체 (PLC) 합성<Comparative Example 1> Synthesis of covalently bonded gene delivery system (PLC)

1,1'-카르보닐디이미다졸(1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole, CDI) 촉매 하에서 공지된 아마이드화 반응 방법으로 공유결합한 유전자 전달체를 제조하였다(Biomaterials, 217 (2019), p. 119296 에 따라 제조함).Known amidation reaction under 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) catalyst A covalently bound gene carrier was prepared by the method (prepared according to Biomaterials, 217 (2019), p. 119296).

<실험예 1> 중국 햄스터 난소세포(CHO)와 자궁경부암세포(HeLa)에서 세포독성 평가<Experimental Example 1> Cytotoxicity evaluation in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa)

본 발명자들은 상기 실시예 1에서 제조한 화합물에 대하여 중국 햄스터 난소세포(CHO)와 자궁경부암세포(HeLa)에 형질주입(transfection)하고 세포독성 평가하였다. 상세하게, CHO 세포주 (KCLB, Republic of Korea)는 F-12K (Hyclone, USA), 10% 우혈청 (FBS, Hyclone), 1% 페니실린/스트렙토마이신 (Hyclone), 및 1% L-글루타민을 포함하는 배지에서 배양하였다. 패시지(passage) 5-7번 세포를 연구에 이용하였다. 96웰 플레이트에 웰 당 8,000개의 CHO 세포를 하루 동안 배양 후, 각 웰의 세포가 70% 이상 성장했을 때 형질주입 실험을 진행하였다.The present inventors transfected the compound prepared in Example 1 into Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and evaluated the cytotoxicity. Specifically, the CHO cell line (KCLB, Republic of Korea) contains F-12K (Hyclone, USA), 10% bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone), 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Hyclone), and 1% L-glutamine. cultured in the medium. Cells from passages 5-7 were used in the study. After culturing 8,000 CHO cells per well in a 96-well plate for one day, a transfection experiment was performed when the cells in each well grew to 70% or more.

다음으로, HeLa 세포주 (KCBL, Republic of Korea)는 MEM (Hyclone, USA), 10% 우혈청 (FBS, Hyclone), 1% 페니실린/스트렙토마이신 (Hyclone), 및1% L-글루타민을 포함하는 배양 배지에서 배양하였다. 패시지(passage) 5-7번 세포를 연구에 이용하였다. 96웰 플레이트의 웰 당 10,000개의 HeLa 세포를 하루 동안 배양 후, 각 웰의 세포가 70% 이상 성장했을 때 형질 주입 실험을 진행하였다.Next, HeLa cell line (KCBL, Republic of Korea) was cultured with MEM (Hyclone, USA), 10% bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone), 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Hyclone), and 1% L-glutamine. Cultured in medium. Cells from passages 5-7 were used in the study. After culturing 10,000 HeLa cells per well of a 96-well plate for one day, a transfection experiment was performed when the cells in each well grew to 70% or more.

각 웰을 150 μl의 우혈청 포함 배지로 교환 후 플라스미드 DNA-지질(실시예 1) 혼합액을 제조하였다. 형질 주입을 확인하기 위하여 플라스미드 DNA는 녹색 형광(GFP) 삽입 플라스미드 DNA를 사용하였으며, 1 μg의 플라스미드 DNA를 우혈청 미포함 배지 10 μl와 섞어서 준비하였다. 공유결합을 이용하여 합성한 PLC와 이온결합을 이용하여 합성한 실시예 1-1(LPL) 화합물 4 μg씩을 각각 우혈청 미포함 배지 10 μl에 섞어서 준비하였다. 두 희석액을 잘 섞어준 뒤 30분간 실온에서 방치하였으며, 이렇게 제조된 혼합액을 플레이트에 첨가한 후 37℃의 CO₂배양기에서 24 시간 동안 배양하였다. 발현된 녹색형광 단백질은 형광현미경으로 관찰하였고, WST assay를 통해 세포독성을 평가하였다(도 3). After exchanging each well with 150 μl of a medium containing bovine serum, a plasmid DNA-lipid (Example 1) mixture was prepared. To confirm the transfection, green fluorescent (GFP) inserted plasmid DNA was used as plasmid DNA, and 1 μg of plasmid DNA was mixed with 10 μl of bovine serum-free medium. PLC synthesized using covalent bonding and 4 μg of Example 1-1 (LPL) compound synthesized using ionic bonding were mixed in 10 μl of each bovine serum-free medium and prepared. After mixing the two dilutions well, they were left at room temperature for 30 minutes, and the prepared mixture was added to the plate and incubated for 24 hours in a CO₂ incubator at 37°C. The expressed green fluorescent protein was observed under a fluorescence microscope, and cytotoxicity was evaluated through WST assay (FIG. 3).

도 3-a는 두 세포주에서 형광의 발현량을 형광측정기를 통해 측정한 결과로, 공유결합을 이용한 PLC의 경우에는 LFA2000과 비교해 발현이 유사한 반면, 이온결합을 이용한 LPL의 경우는 20% 이상 전달효율이 증가하였다. 따라서 이온결합을 이용한 전달체가 공유결합을 이용한 전달체보다 핵산물질을 세포 내로 더 잘 전달함을 알 수 있었다.Figure 3-a is the result of measuring the expression level of fluorescence in both cell lines through a fluorometer. In the case of PLC using a covalent bond, the expression is similar to that of LFA2000, whereas in the case of LPL using an ionic bond, 20% or more is delivered. Efficiency increased. Therefore, it was found that the delivery system using ionic bonds better delivered the nucleic acid material into the cell than the delivery system using covalent bonds.

도 3-b는 두 세포주에서 세포독성 실험을 수행한 결과로, LFA2K는 무처리군에 비하여 아주 큰 세포 독성을 나타낸 반면, 합성된 두 가지 유전자 전달체들은 현저히 감소된 세포 독성을 나타내었다. Figure 3-b shows the results of cytotoxicity experiments in two cell lines, LFA2K showed a very large cytotoxicity compared to the untreated group, whereas the two synthesized gene carriers showed significantly reduced cytotoxicity.

도 3-c 및 도 3-d는 세포의 생존능력 및 형광의 발현을 현미경으로 관찰한 결과로, 밝은 영역(bright field)에서는 대조군에 비해 현저히 높은 세포생존율을 확인 할 수 있으며, 녹색 형광의 발현에서는 현저히 증가된 녹색 형광을 관찰할 수 있다. 이를 통해 이온결합을 이용한 유전자 전달체(LPL)는 시판품에 비해 세포독성은 줄이면서, 전달능력은 공유결합을 이용한 유전자 전달체(PLC)보다 증가된 유전자 전달 물질임을 알 수 있었다.Figures 3-c and 3-d are the results of observing the cell viability and the expression of fluorescence under a microscope. In a bright field, it can be confirmed that the cell viability is significantly higher than that of the control, and the expression of green fluorescence markedly increased green fluorescence can be observed. Through this, it was found that the gene delivery system (LPL) using ionic bonding reduced cytotoxicity compared to commercial products, and the delivery ability was increased compared to the gene delivery system using covalent bonding (PLC).

<실험예 2> 중국 햄스터 난소세포(CHO)에서 세포독성 평가 <Experimental Example 2> Cytotoxicity evaluation in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO)

CHO 세포주 (KCLB, Republic of Korea)는 F-12K (Hyclone, USA) + 10% 우혈청 (FBS, Hyclone), 1% 페니실린/스트렙토마이신 (Hyclone), 및 1% L-글루타민을 포함하는 배양 배지에서 배양하였으며, passage 5-7번 세포를 연구에 이용하였다. 96웰 플레이트에 8,000개의 CHO 세포를 하루 동안 배양 후, 각 웰의 세포가 70% 이상 성장했을 때 형질 주입 실험을 진행하였다.The CHO cell line (KCLB, Republic of Korea) is a culture medium containing F-12K (Hyclone, USA) + 10% bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone), 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Hyclone), and 1% L-glutamine. was cultured, and passages 5-7 cells were used for the study. After culturing 8,000 CHO cells in a 96-well plate for one day, a transfection experiment was performed when the cells in each well grew to 70% or more.

각 웰을 150 μl의 우혈청 포함 배지로 교환 후 플라스미드 DNA-지질 (실시예 1-1 내지 1~9) 혼합액을 제조하였다. 형질 주입을 확인하기 위하여 플라스미드 DNA는 녹색 형광(GFP) 삽입 플라스미드 DNA를 사용하였으며, 1 μg의 플라스미드 DNA를 우혈청 미포함 배지 10 μl와 섞어서 준비하였다. 실시예 1-1 내지 1-9 화합물 4 μg를 각각 우혈청 미포함 배지 10μl에 섞어서 준비하였다. 두 희석액을 잘 섞어준 뒤 30분간 실온에서 방치하였으며, 이렇게 제조된 혼합액을 플레이트에 첨가한 후 37℃의 CO₂배양기에서 24시간 동안 배양하였다. 발현된 녹색형광 단백질은 형광현미경으로 관찰하였고, WST assay를 통해 세포독성을 평가하였다(도 4).After exchanging each well with 150 μl of a medium containing bovine serum, a plasmid DNA-lipid (Examples 1-1 to 1 to 9) mixture was prepared. To confirm the transfection, green fluorescent (GFP) inserted plasmid DNA was used as plasmid DNA, and 1 μg of plasmid DNA was mixed with 10 μl of bovine serum-free medium. Examples 1-1 to 1-9 Compound 4 μg was prepared by mixing 10 μl of each bovine serum-free medium. After mixing the two dilutions well, they were left at room temperature for 30 minutes, and the mixture thus prepared was added to the plate and incubated for 24 hours in a CO₂ incubator at 37°C. The expressed green fluorescent protein was observed under a fluorescence microscope, and cytotoxicity was evaluated through WST assay (FIG. 4).

도 4-a는 형광의 발현량을 형광측정기를 통해 측정한 결과로, 폴리에틸렌이민(2500, 40000) 단독으로 처리한 경우에는 LFA2000과 비교해 발현이 절반에 불과한 반면, 대부분의 합성된 유전자 전달체(실시예 1-1 내지 1-9)들은 큰 폭으로 증가하였다. 따라서 합성된 유전자 전달체들은 좋은 효율로 핵산물질을 세포 내로 전달하는 능력이 있음을 알 수 있었다.Figure 4-a is the result of measuring the expression level of fluorescence through a fluorometer. When treated with polyethyleneimine (2500, 40000) alone, the expression was only half compared to that of LFA2000, whereas most of the synthesized gene carriers (implemented) Examples 1-1 to 1-9) increased significantly. Therefore, it was found that the synthesized gene delivery systems have the ability to deliver nucleic acid substances into cells with good efficiency.

도 4-b는 세포독성 실험을 수행한 결과로, LFA2K은 무처리군에 비하여 아주 큰 세포 독성을 나타낸 반면, 합성된 유전자 전달체들은 LFA2K보다 감소된 세포 독성을 나타내었다. 따라서 합성된 유전자 전달체들은 세포독성이 적은 전달체라는 것을 알 수 있었다.Figure 4-b shows the results of the cytotoxicity experiment, LFA2K showed a very large cytotoxicity compared to the untreated group, whereas the synthesized gene carriers showed reduced cytotoxicity than LFA2K. Therefore, it can be seen that the synthesized gene carriers are carriers with low cytotoxicity.

도 4-c 및 도 4-d는 세포의 생존능력 및 형광의 발현을 현미경으로 관찰한 결과로, 밝은 영역(bright field)에서는 LFA2K에 비해 현저히 높은 세포생존율을 확인 할 수 있으며, 녹색 형광의 발현에서는 현저히 증가된 녹색 형광을 관찰 할 수 있다. 이를 통해 합성된 유전자 전달체들은 시판품에 비해 세포독성은 줄이면서, 핵산 전달능력은 증가된 발전된 유전자 전달 물질임을 알 수 있었다.Figures 4-c and 4-d are the results of observing the cell viability and expression of fluorescence under a microscope, and in a bright field, it can be confirmed that the cell viability is significantly higher than that of LFA2K, and the expression of green fluorescence markedly increased green fluorescence can be observed. It was found that the synthesized gene delivery system is an advanced gene delivery material with increased nucleic acid delivery ability while reducing cytotoxicity compared to commercial products.

<실험예 3> DNA와 합성 화합물의 비율에 따른 형질주입 효율 평가<Experimental Example 3> Evaluation of transfection efficiency according to the ratio of DNA and synthetic compound

DNA와 화합물 비율(중량비)에 따른 차이를 확인하기 위해, DNA와 실시예 1-1 내지 1-9 화합물을 1:4, 1:5, 1:6 비율로 하여 DNA와 화합물 비율에 따른 형질전환 효율을 확인하고자 하였다(도 5). 실험 방법은 상기 실험예 1 및 2와 동일하다.In order to confirm the difference according to the DNA and compound ratio (weight ratio), DNA and the compounds of Examples 1-1 to 1-9 were used in 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6 ratios to transform according to the DNA and compound ratio To check the efficiency (Fig. 5). The experimental method is the same as in Experimental Examples 1 and 2.

도 5-a는 DNA:화합물 비율에 따른 유전자 전달효율을 형광의 발현량으로 측정한 결과로, 대부분의 결과에서 Lipofectamine 2000(LFA2K) 보다 좋은 전달능력을 보여주었고, 특정 비율에서는 실험예 2의 결과에서 보다 핵산 전달능력이 더욱 증가한 것을 확인하였다.Figure 5-a is the result of measuring the gene transfer efficiency according to the DNA:compound ratio by the expression amount of fluorescence, and showed better delivery ability than Lipofectamine 2000 (LFA2K) in most results, and at a specific ratio, the results of Experimental Example 2 It was confirmed that the nucleic acid delivery ability was further increased than in

도 5-b는 세포독성 실험을 수행한 결과로, 화합물의 비율이 증가함에 따라 세포독성이 증가하는 결과를 보여주었으며, 1:4 내지 1:5 비율에서 가장 좋은 세포 생존율을 나타내었다. 가장 최적 비율은 1:4 이다.Figure 5-b shows the result of performing a cytotoxicity experiment, showing the result that the cytotoxicity increased as the ratio of the compound increased, and showed the best cell viability at a ratio of 1:4 to 1:5. The most optimal ratio is 1:4.

도 5-c, 도 5-d, 및 도 5-e는 세포의 생존능력 및 형광의 발현을 현미경으로 관찰한 결과로, 도 5-a, 및 도 5-b에 상응하는 모습을 나타내었다.Figures 5-c, 5-d, and 5-e are results obtained by observing cell viability and fluorescence expression under a microscope, and show appearances corresponding to Figures 5-a and 5-b.

<실험예 4> pH 조절에 따른 형질주입 효율 평가<Experimental Example 4> Evaluation of transfection efficiency according to pH control

합성된 유전자 전달체 화합물의 pH 조정에 따른 형질전환 효율 차이를 확인하기 위해 실시예 1-1 내지 1-9의 화합물 제조 시 pH를 7.00 ± 0.1로 조정한 것(pH+로 표기)을 제외하고 실험예 3과 동일한 방법으로 형질전환 효율을 확인하였다(도 6).Experimental examples except for adjusting the pH to 7.00 ± 0.1 (indicated as pH+) during the preparation of the compounds of Examples 1-1 to 1-9 to confirm the difference in transformation efficiency according to the pH adjustment of the synthesized gene carrier compound Transformation efficiency was confirmed in the same manner as in 3 (FIG. 6).

도 6-a는 pH에 따른 유전자 전달효율을 형광의 발현량으로 측정한 결과로, 형광의 발현량은 pH에 큰 영향을 받지 않는 모습을 확인하였다. 반면에 도 6-b는 세포독성 실험을 수행한 결과로, pH 6.9 내지 7.1로 조정해 준 화합물이 그렇지 않은 것 보다 더 높은 세포 생존율을 나타내었다.6-a is a result of measuring the gene transfer efficiency according to pH as the expression level of fluorescence, and it was confirmed that the expression level of fluorescence is not significantly affected by pH. On the other hand, Figure 6-b shows a result of performing a cytotoxicity experiment, the compound adjusted to pH 6.9 to 7.1 showed a higher cell viability than that not.

도 6-c, 도 6-d, 도 6-e, 도 6-f, 도 6-g, 및 도 6-h는 세포의 생존능력 및 형광의 발현을 현미경으로 관찰한 결과로, 도 6-a, 및 도 6-b에 상응하는 모습을 나타내었다.6-c, 6-d, 6-e, 6-f, 6-g, and 6-h are the results of microscopic observation of cell viability and fluorescence expression, FIG. 6- a, and a figure corresponding to FIG. 6-b is shown.

<실험예 5> 자궁경부암세포(HeLa)에서 유전자 전달 효율 및 세포독성<Experimental Example 5> Gene delivery efficiency and cytotoxicity in cervical cancer cells (HeLa)

HeLa 세포주 (KCBL, Republic of Korea)은 MEM 배지 (Cyclone, USA)를 사용하며, 96웰 플레이트의 웰 당 10,000개의 세포를 넣어주었다. 실시예 1-1 내지 1-9는 실험예 1, 2, 3에서 가장 좋은 결과를 보인 조건(DNA:화합물 비율 = 1:4, pH 6.9 내지 7.1)으로 조정하되 나머지 모든 과정은 실험예 3 및 4와 동일하게 진행하고 유전자 전달 효율 및 세포독성을 확인하였다(도 7).For the HeLa cell line (KCBL, Republic of Korea), MEM medium (Cyclone, USA) was used, and 10,000 cells were added per well of a 96-well plate. Examples 1-1 to 1-9 were adjusted to the conditions (DNA:compound ratio = 1:4, pH 6.9 to 7.1) that showed the best results in Experimental Examples 1, 2, and 3, but all other processes were performed in Experimental Example 3 and In the same manner as in 4, gene transfer efficiency and cytotoxicity were confirmed (FIG. 7).

도 7-a는 형광의 발현량을 형광측정기를 통해 측정한 결과로, 합성된 유전자 전달체 중 TPH를 제외한 합성된 전달체들은 Lipofectamine 2000(LFA2K)과 유사하거나 좋은 유전자 전달효율을 보여주었다.7-a is a result of measuring the expression level of fluorescence through a fluorometer. Among the synthesized gene carriers, the synthesized carriers except for TPH showed similar or good gene transfer efficiency to Lipofectamine 2000 (LFA2K).

도 7-b는 세포독성 실험을 수행한 결과로, LFA2K은 무처리군에 비하여 아주 큰 세포 독성을 나타낸 반면, 합성된 유전자 전달체들은 감소된 세포 독성을 나타내었다. 7-b shows the results of the cytotoxicity experiment, LFA2K showed a very large cytotoxicity compared to the untreated group, whereas the synthesized gene carriers showed reduced cytotoxicity.

도 7-c는 세포의 생존능력 및 형광의 발현을 현미경으로 관찰한 결과로, 도 7-a, 및 도 7-b에 상응하는 모습을 나타내었다. 7-c is a result of observing the cell viability and fluorescence expression under a microscope, and shows a figure corresponding to FIGS. 7-a and 7-b.

앞에서 살펴본 바와 같이 본 발명은 다양한 종류의 콜산과 여러 분자량을 갖는 폴리에틸렌이민을 이온 결합한 화합물을 간편하게 유도체를 형성하며, 이의 유전자 전달체의 효용성을 밝혔다. 본 발명에 따른 폴리에틸렌이민-콜산의 이온결합 화합물은 독성이 적고 유전자 전달효율이 우수한바 유전자 전달 용도로 유용하여 유전자 치료에 널리 적용될 수 있다.As described above, in the present invention, a compound obtained by ionically bonding various types of cholic acid and polyethyleneimine having various molecular weights is easily formed into derivatives, and the efficacy of its gene delivery system has been revealed. The polyethylenimine-cholic acid ionic compound according to the present invention has low toxicity and excellent gene transfer efficiency, so it is useful for gene transfer and can be widely applied to gene therapy.

이상으로 본 발명의 특정한 부분을 상세히 기술하였는바, 당업계의 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어서 이러한 구체적인 기술은 단지 바람직한 구현 예일 뿐이며, 이에 본 발명의 범위가 제한되는 것이 아닌 점은 명백하다. 따라서 본 발명의 실질적인 범위는 첨부된 청구항과 그의 등가물에 의하여 정의된다고 할 것이다.As described above in detail a specific part of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, this specific description is only a preferred embodiment, and it is clear that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the substantial scope of the present invention will be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

폴리에틸렌이민 및 콜산이 이온결합된 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 유전자 전달체; 및 유전자를 포함하며, 유전자 전달체 및 유전자는 (4 내지 6) : 1의 중량비로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 유전자 전달용 조성물:
[화학식 1]
Figure 112021068787317-pat00004

상기 화학식 1에서,
상기 m은 2 내지 930 의 정수이고, n은 58 내지 930 의 정수임.
Polyethyleneimine and cholic acid ion-bonded gene delivery system represented by the following formula (1); And a gene, wherein the gene delivery system and the gene are (4 to 6): A composition for gene delivery, characterized in that it comprises a weight ratio of 1:
[Formula 1]
Figure 112021068787317-pat00004

In Formula 1,
Wherein m is an integer from 2 to 930, n is an integer from 58 to 930.
 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 유전자는 gDNA, cDNA, 플라스미드 DNA, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, 안티센스 뉴클레오티드, 미스센스 뉴클레오티드 및 단백질 생산 뉴클레오티드로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 유전자 전달용 조성물.
The method of claim 1,
The gene is gDNA, cDNA, plasmid DNA, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, antisense nucleotides, missense nucleotides and protein production nucleotides, characterized in that selected from the group consisting of, the composition for gene delivery.
 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 폴리에틸렌이민은 중량평균분자량이 2,500 내지 40,000인 선형 또는 가지형 폴리에틸렌이민인 것을 특징으로 하는, 유전자 전달용 조성물.
The method of claim 1,
The polyethyleneimine is a composition for gene delivery, characterized in that the linear or branched polyethyleneimine having a weight average molecular weight of 2,500 to 40,000.
 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 콜산은 리토콜산(lithocholic acid), 데옥시콜산(deoxycholic acid) 및 타우로콜산(taurocholic acid)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는, 유전자 전달용 조성물.
The method of claim 1,
The cholic acid is lithocholic acid (lithocholic acid), deoxycholic acid (deoxycholic acid) and taurocholic acid (taurocholic acid) characterized in that at least one selected from the group consisting of, the composition for gene delivery.
 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 유전자 전달체는 (a) 알코올 용액에 폴리에틸렌이민을 용해하고 산 용액을 첨가하여 반응시키는 단계; 및
(b) 상기 용액에 콜산을 혼합하고 반응시킨 후 pH를 6.9 내지 7.1로 조절하고 초음파 처리하여 유전자 전달체를 수득하는 단계;를 포함하여 얻어진 것을 특징으로 하는 유전자 전달용 조성물.
The method of claim 1,
The gene delivery system comprises the steps of (a) dissolving polyethyleneimine in an alcohol solution and adding an acid solution to the reaction; and
(b) mixing and reacting cholic acid with the solution, adjusting the pH to 6.9 to 7.1, and sonicating to obtain a gene delivery system;
 삭제delete 제 1 항에 따른 유전자 전달용 조성물을 세포와 접촉시키는 단계를 포함하는, 생체외(in vitro) 유전자의 전달방법.A method for gene delivery in vitro, comprising the step of contacting the composition for gene delivery according to claim 1 with a cell.
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