KR102293037B1 - Operation method of communication node in network - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of operating a communication node in a network is disclosed. A method of operating a first communication node includes transitioning from a sleep mode to an active mode, generating a first message including first information indicating at least one communication node to operate in an active mode, and sending the first message and transmitting to a second communication node. Accordingly, the performance of the vehicle network can be improved.

Description

OPERATION METHOD OF COMMUNICATION NODE IN NETWORK

The present invention relates to the operation of a communication node in a network, and more particularly to a technique for waking up a communication node.

As electronic parts for vehicles are rapidly progressing, the types and numbers of electronic devices mounted on vehicles are greatly increasing. The electronic device may be largely used in a power train control system, a body control system, a chassis control system, a vehicle network, a multimedia system, and the like. The powertrain control system may refer to an engine control system, an automatic shift control system, or the like. The body control system may refer to a body electronic device control system, a convenience device control system, a lamp control system, and the like. The chassis control system may mean a steering system control system, a brake control system, a suspension control system, or the like. The vehicle network may mean a controller area network (CAN), a FlexRay-based network, a media oriented system transport (MOST)-based network, and the like. The multimedia system may mean a navigation device system, a telematics system, an infotainment system, or the like.

These systems and electronic devices constituting each of the systems are connected through a vehicle network, and a vehicle network for supporting each function of the electronic devices is required. CAN can support a transmission rate of up to 1 Mbps, and can support automatic retransmission of collided messages and error detection based on cycle redundancy interface (CRC). A FlexRay-based network can support a transmission speed of up to 10 Mbps, and can support simultaneous data transmission through two channels, synchronous data transmission, and the like. The MOST-based network is a communication network for high-quality multimedia and can support a transmission rate of up to 150Mbps.

On the other hand, vehicle telematics systems, infotainment systems, and improved safety systems require high transmission speed and system scalability, and CAN and FlexRay-based networks do not sufficiently support them. A MOST-based network can support a higher transmission speed compared to a CAN and FlexRay-based network, but it consumes a lot of cost to apply the MOST-based network to all networks of a vehicle. Due to these problems, an Ethernet-based network may be considered as a vehicle network. An Ethernet-based network can support bidirectional communication through a pair of windings, and can support transmission rates of up to 10 Gbps.

In an Ethernet-based vehicle network, electronic devices constituting each of the systems may operate in an active mode, a sleep mode (or a doze mode), and the like. Electronic devices may basically operate in a sleep mode. Electronic devices may transition from a sleep mode to an active mode as needed, and may perform a specific operation (eg, an infotainment system-related operation, etc.) in the active mode. Although only some electronic devices need to be woken up to perform a specific operation, there is a problem in that other electronic devices as well as electronic devices necessary for performing a specific operation transition from the sleep mode to the active mode. That is, since electronic devices not involved in performing a specific operation also wake up, there is a problem in that unnecessary resources are wasted.

An object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a method for waking up a communication node in a network.

In order to achieve the above object, an operation method performed in a first communication node according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of transitioning from a sleep mode to an active mode, and a first instructing at least one communication node to operate in the active mode. generating a first message comprising the information, and sending the first message to a second communication node.

Here, the first information may be identification information of at least one communication node to operate in the active mode.

Here, the identification information may be at least one of an IP address, a MAC address, and a port number of at least one communication node to operate in the active mode.

Here, the first information may be information indicating a system of a vehicle to which at least one communication node to operate in the active mode belongs.

Here, the first information may be information instructing an operation of a vehicle performed by at least one communication node to operate in the active mode.

Here, the second communication node may be a switch or a bridge, and the first communication node may be an end node connected to the second communication node.

Here, the first message is generated based on the Ethernet protocol, and the first information may be included in at least one of a MAC header and an LLC frame of the first message.

An operating method performed in a first communication node according to another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object includes the steps of receiving a first message from a second communication node, by using the first information included in the first message identifying at least one communication node to operate in the indicated active mode, and transmitting the first message to the at least one communication node to operate in the active mode.

Here, the method includes transmitting a second message instructing to operate in a passive mode to at least one communication node not indicated by the first information among a plurality of communication nodes connected to the first communication node. Further comprising, the PHY layer unit included in the communication node in the passive mode may be woken up, and the PHY layer unit and the MAC layer unit included in the communication node may be woken up in the active mode.

Here, the first information may be identification information of at least one communication node to operate in the active mode.

Here, the identification information may be at least one of an IP address, a MAC address, and a port number of at least one communication node to operate in the active mode.

Here, the first information may be information indicating a system of a vehicle to which at least one communication node to operate in the active mode belongs.

Here, the first information may be information instructing an operation of a vehicle performed by at least one communication node to operate in the active mode.

Here, the first communication node may be a switch or a bridge, and the second communication node may be an end node connected to the first communication node.

In an operation method performed in a first communication node according to another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object, receiving a first message from a second communication node, and the received signal strength of the first message in advance When it is greater than or equal to the set criterion, the method includes transitioning from the sleep mode to the passive mode, wherein the PHY layer unit included in the first communication node wakes up from the passive mode.

Here, in the operation method, when the first communication node is determined as a communication node to operate in an active mode according to the first information included in the first message, transition from the passive mode to the active mode and further comprising: in the active mode, the MAC layer unit included in the first communication node may be further woken up.

Here, the first information may be at least one of an IP address, a MAC address, and a port number of the first communication node.

Here, the first information may be information indicating a system of a vehicle to which the first communication node belongs.

Here, the first information may be information instructing the operation of the vehicle performed by the first communication node.

Here, in the method of operation, when the second message instructing the transition from the second communication node to the active mode is not received within a preset time from the reception end time of the first message, the passive mode goes to the sleep mode. It may further include a step of transitioning.

According to the present invention, only electronic devices necessary for performing a specific operation of the vehicle (or belonging to a specific system of the vehicle) may be woken up. In addition, electronic devices that are not involved in the performance of a specific operation of the vehicle may operate in a sleep mode, or PHY layer units of each of the electronic devices that are not involved in the performance of a specific operation of the vehicle (physical layer unit) ) can operate in the passive (passive) mode in the wake-up state. Accordingly, unnecessary resources in the vehicle network can be prevented from being wasted.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a topology of a vehicle network.
2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a communication node constituting a vehicle network.
3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an operation mode of a communication node.
4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for waking up a communication node according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle network to which a method for waking up a communication node according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
6 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a message used in an Ethernet-based vehicle network.
7 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a message used in an Ethernet-based vehicle network.

Since the present invention can have various changes and can have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Terms such as first, second, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may also be referred to as a first component. and/or includes a combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

When a component is referred to as being “connected” or “connected” to another component, it is understood that the other component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in between. it should be On the other hand, when it is mentioned that a certain element is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle.

The terms used in the present application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as “comprise” or “have” are intended to designate that a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification exists, but one or more other features It should be understood that this does not preclude the existence or addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application. does not

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the present invention, in order to facilitate the overall understanding, the same reference numerals are used for the same components in the drawings, and duplicate descriptions of the same components are omitted.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a network topology of a vehicle network.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a communication node constituting a vehicle network may mean a gateway, a switch (or a bridge), an end node, or the like. The gateway 100 may be connected to at least one switch 110 , 110 - 1 , 110 - 2 , 120 , and 130 , and may connect different networks. For example, the gateway 100 includes a switch supporting a controller area network (CAN) (or FlexRay, media oriented system transport (MOST), local interconnect network (LIN), etc.) protocol and Ethernet (ethernet). You can connect between switches that support the protocol. Each of the switches 110 , 110 - 1 , 110 - 2 , 120 , and 130 may be connected to at least one end node 111 , 112 , 113 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 131 , 132 , and 133 . Each of the switches 110, 110-1, 110-2, 120, and 130 may interconnect the end nodes 111, 112, 113, 121, 122, 123, 131, 132, 133, and an end connected thereto The nodes 111 , 112 , 113 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 131 , 132 and 133 may be controlled.

The end nodes 111 , 112 , 113 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 131 , 132 , and 133 may refer to electronic control units (ECUs) that control various devices included in the vehicle. For example, the end nodes 111 , 112 , 113 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 131 , 132 , 133 may be an infotainment device (eg, a display device, a navigation device, an around view). It may mean an ECU constituting an around view monitoring device).

On the other hand, communication nodes (ie, gateways, switches, end nodes, etc.) constituting the vehicle network include a star topology, a bus topology, a ring topology, a tree topology, and a mesh. It can be connected by topology or the like. In addition, each of the communication nodes constituting the vehicle network may support a CAN protocol, a FlexRay protocol, a MOST protocol, a LIN protocol, an Ethernet protocol, and the like. Embodiments according to the present invention may be applied to the network topology described above, and the network topology to which embodiments according to the present invention are applied is not limited thereto and may be configured in various ways.

2 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a communication node constituting a vehicle network.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the communication node 200 constituting the network may include a PHY layer block 210 and a controller 220 . In this case, the controller 220 may be implemented including a medium access control (MAC) layer. The PHY layer block 210 may receive signals from, or transmit signals to, other communication nodes. The controller 220 may control the PHY layer block 210 and may perform various functions (eg, an infotainment function, etc.). The PHY layer block 210 and the controller 220 may be implemented as one SoC (System on Chip) or may be configured as separate chips.

The PHY layer block 210 and the controller 220 may be connected through a media independent interface (MII) 230 . The MII 230 may mean an interface defined in IEEE 802.3, and may be composed of a data interface and a management interface between the PHY layer block 210 and the controller 220 . Instead of the MII 230 , one of reduced MII (RMII), gigabit MII (GMII), reduced GMII (RGMII), serial GMII (SGMII), and XGMII (10 GMII) interfaces may be used instead of the MII 230 . The data interface may include a transmit channel and a receive channel, and each of the channels may have an independent clock, data, and control signal. The management interface may be configured as a two-signal interface, one signal for the clock and the other signal for data.

The PHY layer block 210 may include a PHY layer interface unit 211 , a PHY layer processor 212 , and a PHY layer buffer 213 . The configuration of the PHY layer block 210 is not limited thereto, and the PHY layer block 210 may be configured in various ways. The PHY layer interface unit 211 may transmit a signal received from the controller 220 to the PHY layer processor 212 , and may transmit a signal received from the PHY layer processor 212 to the controller 220 . The PHY layer processor 212 may control the respective operations of the PHY layer interface unit 211 and the PHY layer buffer 213 . The PHY layer processor 212 may perform modulation of a signal to be transmitted or demodulation of a received signal. The PHY layer processor 212 may control the PHY layer buffer 213 to input or output a signal. The PHY layer buffer 213 may store the received signal, and may output the stored signal according to the request of the PHY layer processor 212 .

The controller 220 may monitor and control the PHY layer block 210 through the MII 230 . The controller 220 may include a controller interface unit 221 , a core 222 , a main memory 223 , and an auxiliary memory 224 . The configuration of the controller 220 is not limited thereto, and the controller 220 may be configured in various ways. The controller interface unit 221 may receive a signal from the PHY layer block 210 (ie, the PHY layer interface unit 211) or an upper layer (not shown), and transmit the received signal to the core 222 . and may transmit a signal received from the core 222 to the PHY layer block 210 or an upper layer. The core 222 may further include independent memory control logic or integrated memory control logic for controlling the controller interface unit 221 , the main memory 223 , and the auxiliary memory 224 . The memory control logic may be implemented by being included in the main memory 223 and the auxiliary memory 224 , or may be implemented by being included in the core 222 .

Each of the main memory 223 and the auxiliary memory 224 may store the signal processed by the core 222 , and may output the stored signal according to the request of the core 222 . The main memory 223 may refer to a volatile memory (eg, random access memory (RAM)) that temporarily stores data necessary for the operation of the core 222 . The auxiliary memory 224 includes an operating system code (eg, a kernel and a device driver) and an application program code for performing a function of the controller 220 . It may mean a non-volatile memory to be stored. A flash memory having a fast processing speed may be used as the non-volatile memory, or a hard disk drive (HDD), compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM), etc. for storing a large amount of data this can be used Core 222 may be comprised of a logic circuit that typically includes at least one processing core. As the core 222 , an ARM (Advanced RISC Machines Ltd.)-based core, an atom-based core, or the like may be used.

In the following, a method performed in a communication node belonging to a vehicle network and a corresponding counterpart communication node will be described. Hereinafter, even when a method performed in the first communication node (eg, transmission or reception of a signal) is described, the corresponding second communication node corresponds to the method performed in the first communication node (eg, a method corresponding to the method performed in the first communication node) For example, reception or transmission of a signal) may be performed. That is, when the operation of the first communication node has been described, the corresponding second communication node may perform the operation corresponding to the operation of the first communication node. Conversely, when the operation of the second communication node is described, the corresponding first communication node may perform the operation corresponding to the operation of the switch.

Meanwhile, in the Ethernet-based vehicle network, each of the systems included in the vehicle (eg, a power train control system, a body control system, a chassis control system, a multimedia system, etc.) Communication nodes constituting the ? may operate in a sleep mode, a passive mode, an active mode, and the like.

3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an operation mode of a communication node.

Referring to FIG. 3 , a communication node may basically operate in a sleep mode, and may transition from a sleep mode to a passive mode or an active mode if necessary. The communication node operating in the passive mode may transition to the sleep mode or the active mode, and the communication node operating in the active mode may transition to the sleep mode or the passive mode. The PHY layer unit (ie, the PHY layer block 210 described with reference to FIG. 2 above) and the MAC layer unit (ie, the controller 220 described with reference to FIG. 2 above) included in the communication node in the sleep mode are All of them can maintain a sleep state. In the passive mode, the PHY layer unit included in the communication node may wake up and operate in an active state, and the MAC layer unit included in the communication node may maintain a sleep state. In the active mode, both the PHY layer unit and the MAC layer unit included in the communication node may wake up and operate in an active state.

Next, a method for waking up a communication node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network will be described.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for waking up a communication node according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle network to which the method for waking up a communication node according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. am. The method for waking up a communication node according to an embodiment of the present invention is not applied only to the vehicle network described below, but may be applied to various vehicle networks.

4 and 5 , each of the switches 510 , 520 , and 530 and the end nodes 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 , 531 , 532 , and 533 may support an Ethernet protocol. Each of the switches 510 , 520 , 530 and the end nodes 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 , 531 , 532 , 533 may refer to the communication node 200 described with reference to FIG. 2 . have. The switch 1 510 may be connected to the end nodes 511 , 512 , and 513 through each port, and may be connected to the switch 2 520 . The switch 2 520 may be connected to the end nodes 521 , 522 , and 523 through each port, and may be connected to the switch 1 510 and the switch 3 530 . The switch 3 530 may be connected to the end nodes 531 , 532 , and 533 through each port, and may be connected to the switch 2 520 .

The end nodes 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 , 531 , 532 , and 533 connected to one switch 510 , 520 , and 530 may belong to different systems. For example, end node 1 511 , end node 2 512 , end node 4 521 , and end node 7 531 may each belong to a first system (eg, a multimedia system) included in the vehicle. can In order to perform the first system-related operation, each of the end nodes 511 , 512 , 521 , and 531 may operate in an active mode. Each of the end node 5 522 and the end node 8 532 may belong to a second system (eg, a body control system) included in the vehicle. In order to perform the second system-related operation, each of the end nodes 522 and 532 may operate in an active mode. Each of the end node 3 513 , the end node 6 523 , and the end node 9 533 may belong to a third system (eg, a powertrain control system) included in the vehicle. In order to perform the third system-related operation, each of the end nodes 513 , 523 , and 533 may operate in an active mode.

Each of the switches 510 , 520 , and 530 and the end nodes 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 , 531 , 532 , and 533 may have topology information of the vehicle network. Here, the topology information includes configuration information of each of the communication nodes constituting the vehicle network, identification information of each communication node constituting the vehicle network, information on communication nodes belonging to each of the systems included in the vehicle, and operations ( That is, information of a communication node that performs each operation of each of the systems included in the vehicle) may be included.

For example, the identification information of the communication node may indicate an IP (internet protocol) address, a MAC address, a port number, and the like. The information on the communication node belonging to the system included in the vehicle includes the end nodes 511, 512, 521, 531 belonging to the first system, the end nodes 522 and 532 belonging to the second system, and the end belonging to the third system. It may indicate nodes 513 , 523 , 533 , and the like. The information of the communication node performing each of the operations of the vehicle includes the end nodes 511 and 512 performing the first operation (eg, navigation-related operation), and the second operation (eg, rear camera-related operation). It may indicate end nodes 521 and 531 that perform .

Each of the switches 510 , 520 , 530 and the end nodes 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 , 531 , 532 , 533 is connected when power is applied to the vehicle network (eg, a battery in the vehicle). When (battery) is installed), a message including topology information of the vehicle network may be received from an upper communication node (eg, a switch, a gateway, etc.), and the topology of the vehicle network may be checked through the received message. Alternatively, topology information of the vehicle network may be previously stored in each of the switches 510 , 520 , 530 and the end nodes 511 , 512 , 513 , 521 , 522 , 523 , 531 , 532 , 533 , and the vehicle network Each of the switches 510, 520, 530, and the end nodes 511, 512, 513, 521, 522, 523, 531, 532, 533, to which power is applied, check the topology of the vehicle network based on the stored information. can

Meanwhile, the end node 1 311 may wake up when receiving an arbitrary signal (eg, a wake-up signal, etc.) (S400). That is, the end node 1 311 may transition from the sleep mode to the active mode. The end node 1 311 transitioned to the active mode may generate first information indicating at least one communication node to operate in the active mode, and may generate a first message including the generated first information. . Here, the first message may mean a wake-up message.

The first information indicates identification information (eg, IP address, MAC address, port number, etc.) of at least one communication node to operate in the active mode, and a system of a vehicle to which the at least one communication node to operate in the active mode belongs. It may include at least one of information indicating the operation of the vehicle, and information instructing an operation of the vehicle performed by at least one communication node to operate in the active mode.

For example, if the at least one communication node to operate in the active mode is end nodes 2, 4 and 7 (512, 521, 531), end node 1 (511) is the end node 2, 4 and 7 (512, 521). , 531) may generate first information including each identification information, and may generate a first message including the generated first information. Alternatively, when the system to which the end nodes 2, 4, and 7 (512, 521, 531) to operate in the active mode belong is the first system, the end node 1 311 may generate first information indicating the first system. and may generate a first message including the generated first information. Here, the first information indicating each of the systems included in the vehicle may be set as shown in Table 1 below.

For example, a first system of the vehicle may be indicated by the binary number "0000", a second system of the vehicle may be indicated by the binary number "0001", and a third system of the vehicle may be indicated by the binary number "0010". can be directed. The first information indicating each of the systems included in the vehicle is not limited to the contents described in Table 1, and may be set in various ways.

Alternatively, when the operation of the vehicle performed by each of the end nodes 2, 4, and 7 (512, 521, 531) to operate in the active mode is the first operation, the end node 1 (311) is the first operation instructing the first operation. The information may be generated and a first message including the generated first information may be generated. Here, the first information indicating each operation of the vehicle may be set as shown in Table 2 below.

For example, a first operation of the vehicle may be indicated by the binary number "1000", a second operation of the vehicle may be indicated by the binary number "1001", and a third operation of the vehicle may be indicated by the binary number "1010". can be directed. The first information indicating each operation of the vehicle is not limited to the contents described in Table 2, and may be set in various ways. Meanwhile, the first message may be generated based on the Ethernet protocol. The first message may have the following structure.

6 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a message used in an Ethernet-based vehicle network.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the Ethernet protocol-based message 600 may include a PHY header, a MAC frame, and a frame check sequence (FCS) field 609 . The MAC frame may be generated by the controller 220 of the communication node 200 . The PHY header may include a preamble 601 and a start frame delimiter (SFD) field 602 . The preamble 601 may have a size of 7 octets and may be used for timing synchronization. The SFD field 602 may have a size of 1 octet and may have a "10101011" sequence.

The MAC frame may be located after the SFD field 602 . The MAC frame may include only a MAC header, or may include a MAC header and a logic link control (LLC) frame. The MAC header may include a destination address (DA) field 603 , a source address (SA) field 604 , and a length/type field 606 . The DA field 603 may have a size of 6 octets and may include identification information (eg, MAC address) of a communication node receiving the corresponding MAC frame. The SA field 604 may have a size of 6 octets and may include identification information (eg, MAC address) of a communication node transmitting the corresponding MAC frame.

The length/type field 606 may have a size of 2 octets, and may indicate the length of the data field 607 or the Ethernet type supported by the communication node that has transmitted the corresponding protocol-based message 600 . For example, when the value of the first octet included in the length/type field 606 is less than or equal to 1500 decimal, the corresponding length/type field 606 may indicate the length of the data field 607 . When the value of the first octet included in the length/type field 606 is 1536 decimal or more, the corresponding length/type field 606 may indicate an Ethernet type. The LLC frame may include a data field 607 , and may further include a pad field 608 as needed (eg, to meet the minimum MAC frame size). In this case, the pad field 608 may be added after the data field 607 .

7 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a message used in an Ethernet-based vehicle network.

Referring to FIG. 7 , an Ethernet protocol-based message 700 may include a PHY header, a MAC frame, and an FCS field. The Ethernet protocol-based message 700 may mean a message specified in IEEE 802.1Q. The PHY header may include a preamble 701 and an SFD field 702 . Each of the preamble 701 and the SFD field 702 may be the same as the preamble 601 and the SFD field 602 described above with reference to FIG. 6 . The MAC frame may be located after the SFD field 702 . The MAC frame may include only the MAC header, or may include the MAC header and the LLC frame.

The MAC header may include a DA field 703 , an SA field 704 , an 802.1Q header 705 , and a length/type field 706 . The DA field 703 , the SA field 704 , and the length/type field 706 are the same as the DA field 603 , the SA field 604 and the length/type field 606 previously described with reference to FIG. 6 , respectively. can do. The 802.1Q header 705 may have a size of 4 octets. The first and second octets included in the 802.1Q header 705 may indicate a tag protocol identifier (TPID), and the third and fourth octets included in the 802.1Q header 705 are a tag control identifier (TCI). can be instructed. The LLC frame may include a data field 707 and may further include a pad field 708 as needed (eg, to meet the minimum MAC frame size). In this case, the pad field 708 may be added after the data field 707 .

4 and 5 again, the first information may be included in the MAC header or data field of the first message. In the case of the message described above with reference to FIG. 7 , the first information may be included in the 802.1Q header 705 . That is, the first information may be indicated by the TPID included in the 802.1Q header 705 . The end node 1 (511) may transmit the first message to the switch 1 (510) (S401). The switch 1 510 may basically operate in a sleep mode, and may transition from the sleep mode to a passive mode or an active mode when receiving the first message from the end node 1 511 . For example, the switch 1 510 may transition from the sleep mode to the passive mode when it is determined that the received signal strength of the preamble included in the first message is greater than or equal to a preset reference based on an energy detection operation. , the switch 1 510 transitioned to the passive mode may transition from the passive mode to the active mode when acquiring the MAC frame included in the first message. The operation of the switch 1 510 in the passive mode may be different from the operation of the switch 1 510 in the active mode.

In the passive mode, the MAC layer unit included in the switch 1 510 may maintain a sleep state, and the PHY layer unit included in the switch 1 510 may wake up and operate in an active state. In this case, since the switch 1 510 cannot check the first information included in the MAC frame of the first message, the first message is transmitted based on a predefined routing rule (ie, a routing table). can be routed. For example, a predefined routing rule can route messages received over port 1 (i.e., the port associated with end node 1 (511)) to port 2 (i.e., the port associated with end node 2 (512)) and port 4 ( That is, in the case of routing through the port connected to the switch 2 520 ), the switch 1 510 receives the first message from the end node 1 511 through the port 1 based on a predefined routing rule. Thus, it can be determined that the first message is routed through ports 2 and 4 (S402), and the first message can be routed through ports 2 and 4 (S403).

Also, the switch 1 510 may transmit the second message through the port 3 to which the first message is not routed (S404). That is, the switch 1 510 may transmit the second message to the end node 3 513 through the port 3 . Here, the second message may indicate to operate in the passive mode. The second message may consist of only a PHY header (eg, a preamble included in the first message) without a MAC frame. The step of transmitting the second message may be omitted. The switch 1 510 may transition from the passive mode to the sleep mode after routing the second message (or after routing the first message if transmission of the second message is omitted).

On the other hand, the switch 1 510 operating in the active mode may obtain first information included in the MAC frame of the first message, and may identify at least one end node to operate in the active mode based on the first information. There is (S402). For example, when the first information includes identification information of at least one end node to operate in the active mode, the switch 1 510 determines the end node corresponding to the identification information as an end node to operate in the active mode can do. Alternatively, when the first information indicates a system of a vehicle to which at least one end node to operate in the active mode belongs, the switch 1 510 may determine the end node belonging to the corresponding system as an end node to operate in the active mode. have. Alternatively, when the first information instructs an operation of a vehicle performed by at least one end node to operate in the active mode, the switch 1 510 determines that the end node performing the operation is an end node to operate in the active mode can do.

For example, if at least one end node to operate in the active mode is identified as end node 2, 4 and 7 (512, 521, 531), switch 1 510 sends a first message to end node 2 512 and to the switch 2 520 (S403). In addition, the switch 1 510 is an end node 3 (that is, does not operate in an active mode) that is not indicated by the first information included in the first message among the end nodes 511, 512, and 513 connected thereto (ie, does not operate in an active mode). 513), the second message may be transmitted (S404). Here, the second message may indicate to operate in the passive mode. The second message may consist of only a PHY header (eg, a preamble included in the first message) without a MAC frame. The step of transmitting the second message may be omitted. That is, the switch 1 510 may not transmit any message to the end node 3 513 that is not indicated by the first information included in the first message among the end nodes 511, 512, and 513 connected thereto. have. The switch 1 510 may transition from an active mode to a sleep mode or a passive mode after transmitting the second message (or after transmitting the first message if transmission of the second message is omitted).

Meanwhile, the end node 2 512 may be woken up when receiving the first message from the switch 1 510 ( S405 ). For example, the end node 2 512 may transition from the sleep mode to the passive mode when it is determined that the received signal strength of the preamble included in the first message is greater than or equal to a preset reference based on the energy detection operation. On the other hand, the second end node 512 may maintain the sleep mode when it is determined that the received signal strength of the preamble included in the first message is less than a preset reference based on the energy detection operation. The end node 2 512 transitioned to the passive mode may transition from the passive mode to the active mode when acquiring the MAC frame included in the first message (ie, first information included in the MAC frame). In addition, the end node 2 512 may maintain the active mode when the first information included in the first message indicates itself, and in the active mode when the first information included in the first message does not indicate itself. It can transition to sleep mode or passive mode.

The end node 3 513 may transition from the sleep mode to the passive mode when it is determined based on the energy detection operation that the received signal strength of the second message is greater than or equal to a preset reference (S406), and the received signal strength of the second message When it is determined that is less than a preset criterion, the sleep mode may be maintained. When the end node 3 513 transitioned to the passive mode does not receive the message including the first information (ie, the first message) within a preset time, the end node 3 513 may transition from the passive mode to the sleep mode. On the other hand, the end node 3 513 transitioned to the passive mode may transition from the passive mode to the active mode when receiving a message (ie, the first message) including the first information within a preset time. In this case, the end node 3 513 may maintain the active mode when the first information included in the message indicates itself, and in the active mode when the first information included in the message does not indicate itself in the sleep mode or passive mode mode can be switched.

Meanwhile, the switch 2 520 may receive the first message from the switch 1 510 . For example, when it is determined that the received signal strength of the preamble included in the first message is greater than or equal to a preset reference based on the energy detection operation, the switch 2 520 may transition from the sleep mode to the passive mode and enter the passive mode. The transitioned switch 2 520 may transition from the passive mode to the active mode when acquiring the MAC frame included in the first message. The switch 2 520 may obtain the first information included in the first message, and may identify at least one end node to operate in the active mode through the first information (S408).

Here, the switch 2 520 may identify at least one end node to operate in the active mode, similar to step S402 described above. If the end nodes to be operated in the active mode are identified as end nodes 4 and 7 (521 and 531), the switch 2 520 may transmit a first message to the end nodes 4 521 and the switch 3 530 ( S409). In addition, the switch 2 520 sends a second message to the end nodes 5 and 6 522 and 523 that are not indicated by the first information included in the first message among the end nodes 521, 522, 523 connected thereto. can be transmitted. Here, the step of transmitting the second message may be omitted. The switch 2 520 may transition from the active mode to the sleep mode or the passive mode after transmitting the second message (or after transmitting the first message if transmission of the second message is omitted).

When the end node 4 521 receives the first message from the switch 2 520 , the end node 4 521 may transition from the sleep mode to the active mode similarly to the operations of the end nodes 1 and 2 511 and 512 described above. Each of the end nodes 5 and 6 522 and 523 may transition from the sleep mode to the passive mode similar to the operation of the end node 3 513 described above when the second message is received from the switch 2 520 . In addition, each of the end nodes 5 and 6 (522, 523) may transition from the passive mode to the active mode when the first message is received within a preset time from the reception end time of the second message, and the reception of the second message is terminated If the first message is not received within a preset time from the time point, it may transition from the passive mode to the sleep mode.

Meanwhile, the switch 3 530 may receive the first message from the switch 2 520 . For example, the switch 3 530 may transition from the sleep mode to the passive mode when it is determined that the received signal strength of the preamble included in the first message is greater than or equal to a preset reference based on the energy detection operation, and enters the passive mode. The transitioned switch 3 530 may transition from the passive mode to the active mode when acquiring the MAC frame included in the first message. The switch 3 530 may acquire the first information included in the first message, and may identify at least one end node to operate in the active mode through the first information (S410).

Here, the switch 3 530 may identify at least one end node to operate in the active mode similarly to step S402 described above. When the end node to be operated in the active mode is identified as the end node 7 531 , the switch 3 530 may transmit a first message to the end node 7 531 . In addition, the switch 3 530 sends the second message to the end nodes 8 and 9 532 and 533 that are not indicated by the first information included in the first message among the end nodes 531, 532, 533 connected thereto. can be transmitted. Here, the step of transmitting the second message may be omitted. The switch 3 530 may transition from the active mode to the sleep mode or the passive mode after transmitting the second message (or after transmitting the first message if transmission of the second message is omitted).

When receiving the first message from the switch 3 530 , the end node 7 531 may transition from the sleep mode to the active mode similarly to the operations of the end nodes 1 and 2 511 and 512 described above. Each of the end nodes 8 and 9 532 and 533 may transition from the sleep mode to the passive mode similar to the operation of the end node 3 513 described above when the second message is received from the switch 3 530 . In addition, each of the end nodes 8 and 9 532 and 533 may transition from the passive mode to the active mode when the first message is received within a preset time from the reception end time of the second message, and the reception of the second message is terminated If the first message is not received within a preset time from the time point, it may transition from the passive mode to the sleep mode.

The methods according to the present invention may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the computer-readable medium may be specially designed and configured for the present invention, or may be known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software.

Examples of computer-readable media include hardware devices specially configured to store and carry out program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include not only machine language codes such as those generated by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware device described above may be configured to operate as at least one software module to perform the operations of the present invention, and vice versa.

Although it has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. will be able

Claims (27)

A method of operating a first end node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, comprising:
transitioning from a passive mode to an active mode;
generating a first message including first information indicating at least one end node to operate in an active mode; and
sending the first message to a switch;
The first information is information indicating a system of a vehicle to which the at least one end node to operate in the active mode belongs, and in the passive mode, a PHY (physical) layer unit included in the first end node is turned on. ) state and the MAC layer unit included in the first end node operates in an OFF state, and in the active mode, the PHY layer unit and the MAC layer unit operate in the ON state. delete delete delete A method of operating a first end node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, comprising:
transitioning from a passive mode to an active mode;
generating a first message including first information indicating at least one end node to operate in an active mode; and
sending the first message to a switch;
The first information is information indicating an operation of a vehicle performed by the at least one end node to operate in the active mode, and a PHY (physical) layer unit included in the first end node is turned on in the passive mode. Operating in an (ON) state and the MAC layer unit included in the first end node operates in an OFF state, and in the active mode, the PHY layer unit and the MAC layer unit operate in the ON state Way. delete The method according to claim 1,
The first message is generated based on an Ethernet protocol, and the first information is included in at least one of a MAC header and a logic link control (LLC) frame of the first message. A method of operating a switch in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, comprising:
transmitting a first message indicating transition to a passive mode; and
transmitting a second message including second information used to indicate an end node to operate in an active mode;
The first message includes a preamble without a medium access control (MAC) frame, and in the passive mode, a PHY (physical) layer unit included in the end node operates in an ON state and the MAC included in the end node A layer unit operates in an OFF state, and the PHY layer unit and the MAC layer unit operate in the ON state in the active mode. 9. The method of claim 8,
and the first message is sent by the switch operating in the passive mode. 9. The method of claim 8,
and the second information is identification information of the end node to operate in the active mode. 11. The method of claim 10,
The identification information is at least one of an Internet protocol (IP) address, a MAC address, and a port number of the end node to operate in the active mode. 9. The method of claim 8,
and the second information is information indicating a system of a vehicle to which the end node belongs to operate in the active mode. 9. The method of claim 8,
and the second information is information instructing an operation of a vehicle performed by the end node to operate in the active mode. 9. The method of claim 8,
and the second message is sent by the switch operating in the active mode. A method of operating a first communication node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, comprising:
receiving a first message from a second communication node; and
When the received signal strength of the first message is greater than or equal to a preset criterion, the method comprising: transitioning from a sleep mode to a passive mode;
In the passive mode, a PHY (physical) layer unit included in the first communication node is woken up. 16. The method of claim 15,
The method of operation is
Transitioning from the passive mode to an active mode when the first communication node is determined to be a communication node to operate in an active mode according to the first information included in the first message; ,
In the active mode, a medium access control (MAC) layer unit included in the first communication node is further woken up. 17. The method of claim 16,
The first information is at least one of an IP (internet protocol) address, a MAC address, and a port number of the first communication node. 17. The method of claim 16,
The first information is information indicating a system of a vehicle to which the first communication node belongs. 17. The method of claim 16,
and the first information is information instructing an operation of the vehicle performed by the first communication node. 16. The method of claim 15,
The method of operation is
and transitioning from the passive mode to the sleep mode when a second message indicating transition to the active mode is not received from the second communication node. 16. The method of claim 15,
The method of operation is
Transitioning from the passive mode to the active mode when receiving a second message instructing a transition to the active mode from the second communication node. A method of operating a switch in an Ethernet-based vehicle network, comprising:
receiving a first message of a first end node through a first port of the switch;
identifying at least one port corresponding to the first port based on a predefined routing rule; and
forwarding the first message through the at least one port of the switch;
The switch operates in a passive mode, and in the passive mode, a physical (PHY) layer unit of the switch operates in an ON state, and a medium access control (MAC) layer unit of the switch is OFF ( OFF) state also works,
The first message indicates at least one end node to operate in an active mode, and a PHY layer unit and a MAC layer unit of the at least one end node operate in an on state in the active mode. . 23. The method of claim 22,
The method of operation is
The method further comprising the step of transmitting a second message instructing the operation in the passive mode through one or more ports that do not correspond to the first port. 23. The method of claim 22,
and the first message includes identification information regarding the at least one end node to operate in the active mode. 25. The method of claim 24,
The identification information includes at least one of an Internet protocol (IP) address, a MAC address, and a port number of the at least one end node to operate in the active mode. 23. The method of claim 22,
The first message includes information indicating a system of a vehicle to which the at least one end node to operate in the active mode belongs. 23. The method of claim 22,
and the first message includes information indicating an operation of a vehicle performed by the at least one end node to operate in the active mode.

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