KR102288513B1 - Marine soft ground improvement method using ball-type casing, automatic air control device and aggregate for mechanical stabilization - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a combination of a drainage method for draining water inside a soft ground and a method for reinforcing the soft ground by compacting aggregate, among the methods of improving and reinforcing the soft ground. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for improving an offshore soft ground using a compaction pile apparatus equipped with a ball-type casing and an automatic air conditioning device, and using a particle size adjustment aggregate as an aggregate to form a compacted pile.

Description

Marine soft ground improvement method using ball-type casing, automatic air control device and aggregate for mechanical stabilization

The present invention relates to a combination of a drainage method of draining water inside a soft ground and a method of reinforcing the soft ground by compacting aggregate among the methods of improving and reinforcing the soft ground. More specifically, it relates to a method for improving offshore soft ground using a compaction pile device equipped with a ball-type casing and an automatic air conditioning device, and using a particle size adjustment aggregate as an aggregate for forming a compacted pile.

In Korea, which is surrounded by sea on three sides and the land area is small, it is necessary to use the land efficiently by utilizing the soft ground along the coast. Various structures are being built on top of the soft ground existing on the coast for the efficient use of the land, but the soft ground treatment process is essential because the soft ground does not have enough bearing capacity to be used as the foundation of the structure.

As for the soft ground treatment method currently used. The coagulation method that injects quicklime and stabilizer into the soft ground, the drainage method that makes the ground itself hard by draining the water inside the soft ground (sand-drain method, PBD method, etc.) There is a replacement method of changing the ground with vibration, blasting, electricity, etc. to compact the ground, or a compaction method that increases the density of the ground by compacting crushed stone or sand.

When the soft ground is filled, consolidation does not end in a short time, but because long-term consolidation settlement occurs over a long period of time, there is a problem that the period required for improvement is long. The vertical drain method is widely used.

Among the vertical drainage methods, the Sand Drain method using sand has been widely used because it is easy to construct and has a good drainage effect. However, as a result of the large-scale use of sand for large-scale civil works, it became difficult to obtain the sand required for the treatment of soft ground, and the price increased, resulting in an increase in the construction cost. Therefore, it was necessary to develop an alternative material that has a high effect of improving the soft ground and is inexpensive.

Accordingly, recently, GD (Gravel Drain) and GCP (Gravel Compaction Drain) methods using gravel and crushed stone aggregate have been developed and used as substitutes for sand.

The GCP method is a process of penetrating the casing pipe to a predetermined depth underground, a process of putting gravel, crushed stone, etc. into the casing pipe, as shown in FIG. The process, the process of drawing the casing pipe for a certain distance, and the process of penetrating and drawing the casing pipe are repeatedly performed to form a crushed stone pile in the ground through the compaction action.

However, the above GCP method was able to obtain drainage and compaction effects to a certain extent in the soft ground on land, but the difficulty of construction work is high in the soft ground located on the seabed, and it cannot form a proper compaction pile and is widely spread to the surrounding ground and thrown away. The proportion of aggregate was high, and there was a problem in that it was difficult to obtain a predetermined drainage effect.

In other words, the soft ground of the coast, such as seafloor sedimentary layers or tidal flats, has most of the soil particles of less than 0.001 mm in clay, and the cohesion and strength of the ground are very low. When aggregates such as crushed stone are put in and vibration compacted, the aggregate penetrates into the surrounding soft ground, so compacted piles with a constant top and bottom cross section are not formed. There were many sections where soft ground soil penetrated into the voids between the aggregates and the voids were clogged (clogging phenomenon). There was a problem that the drainage was not done properly because it was not connected vertically, left and right, and was cut off by the infiltration of soil in the middle. Therefore, the strength improvement effect of the surrounding ground clay was insignificant.

The inventors of the present invention determined that the above problems of the existing GCP method are due to the fact that the grain size of the aggregates is not good, the meshing between the aggregates is not made properly, and the voids formed by the aggregates are large.

A particle size distribution curve is used as a method of indicating the particle size composition of aggregates or soil, and an example of the particle size distribution curve is shown in FIG. 16 .

As shown in FIG. 16 , the horizontal axis of the particle size distribution curve indicates the particle size of the soil (aggregate), and the vertical axis indicates the passing weight percentage with respect to the corresponding particle size (sieve size).

As shown in the curve A of FIG. 16, the left and right range of the particle size curve is large, the gentler the slope, the wider the particle distribution range of the soil, the left and right range is narrow like the B curve, and the steeper the slope, the narrower the particle distribution range.

As the particle size corresponding to the particle size distribution curve passes through a weight percentage of 10% in the effective diameter and represented by D _10. D ₁₀ refers to the particle size through which 10 wt% of the total soil (aggregate) passes. That is, D ₁₀ means that 10% of the total weight of the soil is smaller than the size _{of D 10.}

In the same way, the particle diameter through which 60% of the total weight of the soil passes is _{called D 60} , and the particle diameter through which 30% of the total weight of the soil passes is called _{D 30.}

Using D ₁₀ , D ₆₀ , and D ₃₀ , the degree of particle size distribution and the particle size distribution state of the soil can be quantitatively expressed.

The coefficient of uniformity (C _u ) is calculated by _{C u} = D ₆₀ / D _{10 .} It can be said that the particle size distribution is poor and close to uniformity.

And, the curve C of FIG. 16 has a relatively wide left and right range, but is meandering up and down. In this case, the particle size distribution state can be quantitatively determined by calculating the coefficient of curvature (C _{g ).} The coefficient of curvature is obtained by the formula _{= (D 30} ) ² / (D ₁₀ × D _{60 ).} When the curvature coefficient is 1 to 3, it can be judged that the particle size distribution is good.

However, the conventional soft ground improvement did not reflect the particle size distribution characteristics of the aggregate, so there was a problem in that the crushed stone aggregate could not be used sufficiently in the soft ground drainage method performed at sea.

And in the GCP method, after penetrating the casing pipe underground, aggregate is put into the casing pipe, and crushed stone piles are formed by the process of penetration, extraction and re-penetration. At this time, in the process of penetrating the casing pipe, In order to prevent the inflow of soil in the ground and to smoothly discharge the aggregates injected into the casing during the drawing process of the casing pipe, air pressure with a specified pressure of 4~8kg/cm2 is normally supplied.

However, the conventional supply of air pressure does not take into account the condition of the soft ground and the characteristics of the ground, but only uses a method of adjusting the air pressure through manual operation according to the skill and experience of the operator, so the penetration length and aggregate amount inside the casing pipe, It is difficult to effectively respond to the change in the internal pressure of the casing pipe, which is changed by the influence of water and earth pressure flowing into the casing pipe. there was.

In particular, in the case of offshore construction performed on the seabed, it is impossible for the operator to visually check the condition of the seabed, so it is very difficult for the operator to manually control the air pressure. And if the air pressure in the casing pipe, which changes frequently due to the earth pressure, is not controlled smoothly, and if the air pressure supplied into the casing pipe is low, the aggregate cannot be pulled out when the casing is pulled out, so dirt is introduced between the voids and into the casing, causing drainage piles. Conversely, if the air pressure inside the casing pipe becomes too high, the aggregate is discharged to the ground beyond the specified depth during the drawing process. There was a problem in that the loss rate increased.

Accordingly, the applicant of the present invention obtains each measured value by a penetration depth sensor, an aggregate depth sensor, an air pressure sensor, etc. in order to automatically adjust the air pressure in the casing pipe, which was made by manual operation of a worker, and the measured penetration depth and Comparing aggregate depth and air pressure, if it is higher than the set value, open the pressure reducing valve to lower the air pressure, and if it is below the set value, increase the air pressure through the pressurization valve to keep the air pressure inside the casing pipe constant at the preset pressure Ha, has applied for and has been registered in Korean Patent No. 10-0479563 "A large-diameter crushed stone compaction pile method using an automatic air conditioning system and its device".

However, the registered patent discloses that when a damping valve and a pressure valve are used to maintain the air pressure inside the casing pipe, the air pressure is too high or low in the process of controlling the air pressure, so that soil in the ground flows in, the drainage pile is cut, or the cross-sectional size of the drainage pile is There was a big difference.

In addition to the above registered patents, the conventional GCP method has a problem in that it is difficult to determine the amount of aggregate actually input and the amount of aggregate used to form the drainage pile, so it is difficult to predict the amount of aggregate required for the construction of the drainage pile.

In addition, in the conventional GCP method, when the aggregate is compacted while repeatedly performing penetration and extraction, and when it gradually rises to the ground, it is raised by the conventionally prescribed pressure. Due to the nature of the ground, which becomes softer as it progresses, the upper part of the soft ground is scattered by the air pressure inside the casing pipe, and accordingly, the upper part of the drainage pile is also not properly compacted.

Korean Patent No. 10-0479563 (2005.03.21.)

In order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, in the present invention, the aggregate used for the improvement of the marine soft ground is a particle size-adjusted aggregate to maximize the interlocking between the aggregates, and a void capable of maximally expressing the capillary phenomenon. Its purpose is to provide 'a method of improving the soft ground at sea using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning system, and particle size adjustment aggregate' that can secure the required shear strength and exhibit excellent drainage performance.

In addition, in the present invention, a ball casing pipe with a ball is coupled to the lower part of the casing pipe, and air nozzles are installed on the upper part and lower part of the ball casing pipe, effectively blocking the inflow of soil soil when the casing pipe penetrates, and particle size adjustment The purpose of this is to provide 'a method of improving the soft ground at sea using a ball-type casing and an automatic air conditioning device and particle size adjustment aggregate' that can improve the quality of compacted piles by maximizing the interlocking of aggregates.

In addition, in the present invention, the pressure inside the casing pipe is automatically adjusted, but when it is pulled out in a section within 3 m from the soft ground surface, it is possible to finely adjust the pressure inside the casing pipe, thereby minimizing disturbance near the soft ground surface layer and , It aims to provide 'a method of improving the soft ground at sea using a ball-type casing and automatic air conditioning system and granularity-adjusting aggregate', which prevents the impact caused by shaking of equipment and enables the formation of high-quality drainage piles.

In the present invention, the automatic positioning system ( 200), a surveying process (S100) for determining the penetration position of the ball-type casing pipe 130; An intrusion process (S200) of lowering the ball-type casing pipe 130 while maintaining the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 at a preset pressure by operating the automatic air conditioning device 300; An input process (S300) of inputting the particle size adjustment aggregate into the ball-type casing pipe 130; a drawing process (S400) of continuously operating the automatic air conditioning device 300 to maintain the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 at a preset pressure, and raising the ball-type casing pipe 130 to a certain height; A repeating process (S500) of repeatedly executing the penetration process (S200) to the extraction process (S400) to form a pile size-adjusted aggregate pile through input of the particle size-adjusted aggregate and compaction of the particle size-adjusted aggregate; including, but the penetration process (S200) ), the input process (S300), the drawing process (S400), and the repeating process (S500) are in progress, the depth of the ball-type casing pipe 130 is measured by the penetration depth sensor 330, the penetration depth sensor According to the penetration depth of the tip of the ball-type casing pipe 130 measured by 330, the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 by the air pressure measuring sensor 380 and the automatic air conditioning device 300 is The preset air pressure maintained at a preset pressure and maintained during the penetrating process (S200), the input process (S300), the drawing process (S400) and the repeating process (S500) is the ball-type casing pipe 130 ) Based on the line unit value of provides a method for improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing and automatic air conditioner and particle size adjustment aggregate, characterized in that it contains at least one of crushed stone, gravel, concrete crushed stone, stone powder, sand, and blast furnace slag.

The particle size adjustment aggregate, a particle diameter (D ₁₀ ) corresponding to a passing weight percentage of 10% is 0.3 to 0.9 mm; _{The particle diameter (D 30} ) corresponding to the passing weight percentage of 30% is 1.7 ~ 4.0 mm; It is characterized in that the particle diameter (D ₆₀ ) corresponding to the passing weight percentage of 60% is 5.0 to 8.0 mm.

The particle size adjustment aggregate is characterized in that all of the particle size distribution curve is located within the range between the lower limit curve of the particle size and the upper limit curve of the particle size of FIG.

Before the input process (S300), a sieving test is performed on the aggregate to be used, and D ₁₀ : 0.3 ~ 0.9 mm, D ₃₀ : 1.7 ~ 4.0 mm, D ₆₀ : Aggregate quality inspection to check whether it is 5.0 ~ 8.0 mm After the process (S201), it is characterized in that to determine the particle size adjustment aggregate to be input.

Prior to the inputting process (S300), a sieving test is performed on the aggregate to be used, and an aggregate quality test to confirm that the particle size distribution curve obtained by the sieving test is located within the range between the lower limit curve of the particle size and the upper limit curve of the particle size After the process (S201'), it is characterized in that the particle size adjustment aggregate to be input is determined.

The predetermined pressure of the ground to 20 m in the drawing process (S400) is subdivided into sections of the ground surface to 3 m, 3 m to 6 m, and 6 m to 20 m, and the air pressure is reduced as the depth decreases.

The input process (S300) includes: a first supply step (S310) of supplying the particle size adjustment aggregate stored in the aggregate storage line 400 to the aggregate bunker 140 of the particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile apparatus 100; a transporting step (S320) of moving the particle size-adjusted aggregate supplied to the aggregate bunker 140 to at least one fixed bucket 150 using a conveyor belt 152; a second supply step (S330) of supplying the particle size adjustment aggregate moved to the fixed bucket 150 to the moving bucket 162 provided in the leader 160 of the particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile apparatus 100; and an input step (S340) in which the moving bucket 162 rises along the leader 160 and injects the particle size adjustment aggregate into the hopper 120 provided on the upper portion of the ball-type casing pipe 130.

In the second supply step (S330), the particle size adjustment aggregate injected into the ball-type casing pipe 130 by counting the number of times that the particle size adjustment aggregate is supplied from the fixed bucket 150 to the moving bucket 162 . It is characterized by calculating the amount of.

In the input step (S340), it is characterized in that air is sprayed to the inputted particle size adjustment aggregate by the upper air nozzle (132b) and/or the lower air nozzle (132c).

In the input process (S300), the particle size adjustment aggregate amount inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 is measured using the aggregate depth sensor 320, and the ball-type casing pipe 130 measured by the aggregate depth sensor 320. ) It is characterized in that the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 is checked using the automatic air conditioning device 300 according to the amount of particle size adjustment aggregate inside and maintained at a preset pressure.

The particle size-adjusted aggregate compaction pile apparatus 100 includes: an aggregate bunker 140 that receives the particle-size-adjusted aggregate from the aggregate storage line 400; at least one fixed bucket 150 for receiving the particle size adjustment aggregate supplied to the aggregate bunker 140 using a conveyor belt 152; a leader 160 installed so that the moving bucket 162 receiving a predetermined amount of particle size adjustment aggregate from the fixed bucket 150 is raised and lowered; It is installed on the front side of the leader 160, the vibration hammer 110 is installed on the upper part, the hopper 120 is provided on one side of the upper outer periphery, while the ball-type casing pipe 130 that penetrates and draws into the ground; a pressure valve 340 formed on an upper side of the ball-type casing pipe 130 and connected to a compressor 341 to increase the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130; a pressure reducing valve 350 formed on the other upper side of the ball-type casing pipe 130 to lower the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130; an air pressure sensor 380 installed on the inner or outer periphery of the ball-type casing pipe 130 to measure the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130; Penetration depth sensor 330 for measuring the depth of the ball-type casing pipe 130 penetrated into the ground; Aggregate depth sensor 320 having a depth measuring weight 321 installed inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 to measure the input amount of the particle size adjustment aggregate put into the ball-type casing pipe 130; And by controlling the pressure valve 340, the pressure reducing valve 350, the air pressure measuring sensor 380, the penetration depth sensor 330, and the aggregate depth sensor 320, the air pressure inside the ball type casing pipe 130 is constant. It characterized in that it is configured to include; the central processing unit 310 to adjust.

The fixed bucket 150 supplies a predetermined amount of particle size adjustment aggregate to the load cell and/or the moving bucket 162 for measuring the weight in order to supply a predetermined amount of particle size adjustment aggregate to the moving bucket 162 . It includes a level master that measures the stacking height of the supplied grain size adjustment aggregate.

The ball-type casing pipe 130 includes a casing pipe 131 having a vibration hammer 110 installed thereon, and having a hopper 120 on one side of the upper outer periphery; a ball casing pipe 132 coupled to a lower portion of the casing pipe 131, and an extension portion 132a having an expanded diameter at the lower portion thereof; A plurality of reinforcing wings 134 formed in the longitudinal direction spaced apart from the inner surface of the extension portion 132a by a predetermined distance, and from which the lower protrusion 134a protrudes in the inner direction; An annular sealing member 136 formed to be positioned on the upper portion of the reinforcing wings 134; a ball support 138 formed on the lower protrusion 134a of the plurality of reinforcing wings 134; and a ball 139 installed to be movable up and down between the sealing member 136 and the ball support 138 .

The ball casing pipe 132 is configured to include at least a pair of water nozzles 132e provided at the lower portion of the outer periphery of the extension portion 132a.

The marine soft ground improvement method using the ball type casing and automatic air conditioning device and the particle size adjustment aggregate of the present invention has the following effects.

First, if the aggregate is selected to fit the particle size distribution curve of the particle size-adjusted aggregate derived in the present invention, crushed stone aggregate, which has been difficult to use in the vertical drainage method of the soft ground at sea, can be used, which can replace expensive and difficult-to-find sand. The construction cost is greatly reduced because crushed stone and stone powder that can be procured near the soft ground improvement construction site can be used.

Second, the aggregate to be used as a vertical drainage material is drained as a vertical drainage material by performing a sieve size analysis on the aggregate to be used as a vertical drainage material and confirming that the particle size distribution curve by the sieve size analysis is within the range of the particle size distribution curve presented in the present invention. It can be checked whether performance and strength can be secured. That is, by performing a sieve test on the aggregate to be used, drawing a particle size distribution curve, or _{measuring D 10} , D ₆₀ , D ₃₀ , it is possible to simply check whether it is suitable as a vertical drainage material, and as a result, drainage and improvement can be improved.

Third, the particle size-adjusted aggregate presented in the present invention exhibits sufficient vertical drainage performance to improve the soft ground, and the particle size of the aggregate suitable for expressing the required shear strength is uniformly secured. Since compaction piles are formed as they are compacted, interlocking between aggregates is good, the size of the pores between the aggregates is uniform, and the pores are connected to the top, bottom, left and right of the drainage pile without breaking, so vertical drainage due to capillary phenomenon can be smoothly performed. there is.

Fourth, the compaction effect is high, and the interlocking between the compacted aggregates is higher because the air is sprayed to the input particle size adjustment aggregate by an air nozzle and vibration is compacted by the vibration hammer while using the particle size adjustment aggregate with the uniform particle size distribution. The shear strength of the compacted pile is improved, and the capillary phenomenon occurs easily due to the fine pores formed by the interlocking of large and small aggregates.

Fifth, by the automatic air control device in the penetration and extraction process of the casing pipe, a constant and uniform air pressure can be supplied according to the change in the penetration length of the casing pipe, the amount of aggregate inside the casing pipe, and the air pressure inside the casing pipe. is gently drawn out, allowing the particle size-adjusted aggregate to be discharged smoothly, preventing the particle-size-adjusting aggregate from leaking out of the casing pipe due to excessive air pressure. Block the phenomenon, but by installing a ball-type ball casing pipe at the bottom of the casing pipe to block the inflow phenomenon more efficiently, it is possible to improve the construction quality by minimizing the mixing of dirt.

Sixth, the present invention additionally installs air nozzles in the upper and lower parts of the ball casing pipe so that the extraction of the casing pipe and the discharge of the particle size adjustment aggregate are made more smoothly, and when drawing in a section within 3 m from the ground surface, the inside of the casing pipe When the casing pipe is completely withdrawn from the ground by finely controlling the pressure of

Effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

1 is a schematic view showing a conventional pile construction method for improving the offshore soft ground.
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a pile construction method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a side schematic view of a file device showing an automatic positioning system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a block diagram showing an automatic air conditioning device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a side schematic view showing a file device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a schematic plan view showing a file device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a partial front schematic view showing a pile device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a schematic plan view showing the first supply step and the transport step of the input process of the pile method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a side schematic view showing the second supply step of the input process of the pile method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a schematic front view showing the input step of the input process of the pile method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a partial detailed schematic view showing a file device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing a ball casing pipe of a ball-type casing pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a front sectional view showing a ball casing pipe of a ball-type casing pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
14 is a front sectional view of the ball casing pipe showing the insertion of the ball-type casing pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
15 is a front cross-sectional view of the ball casing pipe showing the drawing of the ball-type casing pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
16 is an example of a particle size distribution curve
17 is a particle size distribution curve of the particle size adjustment aggregate according to the present invention;
18 is an example of a method for determining a particle size adjustment aggregate according to the present invention

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those of ordinary skill in the art can easily implement them with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. And in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification. Throughout the specification, when a part "includes" a certain element, it means that other elements may be further included, rather than excluding other elements, unless otherwise stated. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to a method for improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, an automatic air conditioning device, and a particle size adjustment aggregate. The particle size adjustment aggregate used in the present invention will be described first, and then the particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile device and the improved construction method having a ball type casing and an automatic air conditioning device will be described.

The grain size-adjusted aggregate used in the present invention is an aggregate for promoting the drainage of the soft ground and enhancing the strength of the ground by using it in the offshore soft ground improvement method. The particle size adjustment aggregate may include at least one of crushed stone, gravel, crushed concrete, stone powder, sand, and blast furnace slag.

The particle size adjustment aggregate of the present invention, 'the maximum dimension is less than 25mm, the 200 sieve (sieve size 0.075mm) passing rate is 1 to 6% by weight, and the particle diameter (D ₁₀ ) corresponding to the passing weight percentage of 10% is 0.3 to 0.9 mm _{, an aggregate having a particle diameter (D 30} ) of 1.7 to 4.0 mm corresponding to a passing weight percentage of 30%, and a particle _{diameter (D 60} ) of 5.0 to 8.0 mm corresponding to a passing weight percentage of 60% ' and/or 'as shown in FIG. It refers to an aggregate having a particle size distribution curve within the range between the lower grain size limit curve and the upper grain size limit curve.

The maximum dimension of the particle size adjustment aggregate specified above, the pass rate of 200 sieve, and D ₁₀ , D ₃₀ , and D ₆₀ are not determined independently of each other, but are determined organically under interaction with each other, and these parameters are By acting organically in the grain size adjustment aggregate, the aggregates are firmly engaged with each other in the compaction pile, and uniform voids are formed vertically and horizontally.

When the size of the aggregate forming the compaction pile is 25 mm or more, the meshing between the aggregates is not good, the void becomes too large, so capillary action is difficult to occur, and clogging is easy to occur, so the particle size of the present invention The maximum dimension of the adjusted aggregate should be less than 25mm in order to work organically with the numerical ranges _{of D 10} , D ₃₀ , and D _{60 .}

If there are a lot of fine powder of particle size less than 0.075mm in the aggregate to form a compaction pile, is too small, so the air gap decreases the vertical drainage effect, the particle size adjustment aggregate of the present invention are organically and the numerical range of D _10, D _30, D ₆₀ In order to act, the passing rate of No. 200 sieve is 1 to 6% by weight.

And 10% by weight of the total grain size adjustment aggregate is used to pass through the sieve size of 0.3 ~ 0.9 mm. If D ₁₀ is smaller than 0.3 mm, there are many fine particles, so it is difficult to expect engagement and drainage effect between the aggregates, and D ₁₀ is 0.9 mm If it is larger, the voids between the aggregates become larger and capillary action is reduced.

Full adjustment of the particle size aggregate to 30% by weight, it is difficult to expect the effect of the engagement between the drain and the more finely divided aggregate If sieve opening size is less than 1.7 ~, D ₃₀ for use to pass a 4.0 mm is 1.7mm, than the D ₃₀ 4.0mm If it is large, the voids between the aggregates become larger, thereby reducing capillary action.

60% by weight of the total grain size-adjusted aggregate is used to pass through the sieve size of 5.0 ~ 8.0 mm. If D ₆₀ is smaller than 5.0 mm, there is a lot of fine powder, so it is difficult to expect engagement and drainage effect between the aggregates, and if D ₆₀ is less than 8.0 mm If it is large, the voids between the aggregates become larger, thereby reducing capillary action.

The maximum dimensions described above, the 200 sieve passing amount, and D ₁₀ , D ₃₀ , and D ₆₀ are all organically combined to form a particle size distribution. It affects the left-right range and curvature of the lower-limit curve and upper-limit curve of particle size, and in the end, such aggregate is an aggregate with reduced interlocking and drainage effects.

When explaining the particle size distribution curve of the particle size adjustment aggregate in FIG. 17, the horizontal axis of FIG. 17 indicates the particle size (unit: mm) of the particle size adjustment aggregate, and the particle size increases from right to left, and displays from 0.001 mm to 100 mm has been However, since the maximum dimension of the particle size adjustment aggregate of the present invention is less than 25 mm, the particle size distribution curve of the particle size adjustment aggregate is used only up to 25 mm (refer to the 25 mm red line in FIG. 17). In addition, a red line corresponding to 0.075 mm (red line on the right of the two red lines) is also shown in FIG. 17 , which is a line drawn to easily indicate the number of passage 200.

The vertical axis of FIG. 17 represents the passing weight percentage of the particle size-adjusted aggregate with respect to the corresponding particle size (sieve size).

The lower limit curve of the particle size of FIG. 17 has a No. 200 passing rate of 6 wt%, a particle diameter (D ₁₀ ) corresponding to a passing weight percentage of 10% is 0.3 mm, a particle diameter (D ₃₀ ) corresponding to a passing weight percentage of 30% is 1.7 mm, _{The particle diameter (D 60} ) corresponding to 60% of the passing weight percentage is 5.0 mm, the upper limit curve of the particle size shows that the 200 sieve passing rate is 1 weight%, and the particle diameter (D ₁₀ ) corresponding to 10% of the passing weight percentage is 0.9 mm, passing through It indicates that the particle diameter (D ₃₀ ) corresponding to 30% by weight is 4.0 mm, and the particle diameter (D ₆₀ ) corresponding to 60% of passing weight is 8.0 mm.

Therefore, after performing a sieving test on the aggregate to be used at the site of the soft ground improvement construction, as a result of drawing a particle size distribution curve for the aggregate, the particle size distribution curve of the aggregate is within the range between the particle size lower limit curve and the particle size upper limit curve of FIG. If it appears as a gentle curve, the aggregate can be judged to be of good quality with excellent drainage effect and shear strength. If it is not located within the range, the particle size distribution of the aggregate is judged to be unsuitable as a material for compacted piles for improving soft ground.

18 shows several particle size distribution curves. The (a) particle size distribution curve of FIG. 18 is determined to be a high-quality particle size-adjusted aggregate because the entire curve is located within the range between the particle size lower limit curve and the grain size upper limit curve.

And, (B) particle size distribution curve and (D) particle size distribution curve of FIG. 18 cannot be used as a particle size adjustment aggregate because most of the curves are outside the range between the lower grain size curve and the upper grain size curve, and (C) grain size distribution In the case of curves, most of the curves are located within the range between the lower grain size curve and the upper grain size curve, but some of them are outside the range between the lower grain size curve and the upper grain size curve, so it cannot be used as a grain size adjustment aggregate.

In addition, in determining the quality of the aggregate, in addition to the method of determining by the particle size distribution curve, it is possible to determine the quality of the aggregate by the numerical values of _{D 10} , D ₃₀ , D _{60 . That is, the quality of the aggregate can be confirmed by obtaining D 10} , D ₃₀ , and D ₆₀ after performing a sieve test on a certain aggregate, and checking whether these values are within the specified numerical range above.

Check that D ₁₀ is 0.3 ~ 0.9 mm, D ₃₀ is 1.7 ~ 4.0 mm, and D ₆₀ is 5.0 ~ 8.0 mm. If D ₁₀ , D ₃₀ , and D ₆₀ satisfy each range, the aggregate is drained It can be a material for compacted piles with excellent effect and shear strength, and if any one of the three ranges is exceeded, it is judged as an unsuitable aggregate.

Hereinafter, a particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile device having a ball-type casing and an automatic air conditioning device used in the present invention will be described.

The particle size-adjusted aggregate compaction pile apparatus 100 having a ball-type casing and automatic air conditioning device of the present invention is an aggregate bunker 140 that receives the particle size-adjusted aggregate from the aggregate storage line 400 in which the particle size-adjusted aggregate is stored. ), at least one fixed bucket 150 receiving the grain size adjusting aggregate supplied to the aggregate bunker 140, and the moving bucket 162 receiving a preset amount of grain size adjusting aggregate from the fixed bucket 150 is raised and lowered. The leader 160 installed so as to be able to, is installed on the front side of the leader 160, a vibration hatch 110 is installed on the upper part, and a hopper 120 is provided on one side of the upper part of the outer periphery to move the bucket 162. While receiving the particle size adjustment aggregate from the hopper 120, the ball-type casing pipe 130, which is penetrated and drawn into the ground, is formed in the ball-type casing pipe 130, and is connected to the compressor 341 and is connected to the The pressure valve 340 for increasing the air pressure inside the ball type casing pipe 130, the pressure reducing valve 350 for lowering the air pressure inside the ball type casing pipe 130, the air pressure inside the ball type casing pipe 130 A pneumatic pressure sensor 380 for measuring, a penetration depth sensor 330 for measuring the depth at which the ball-type casing pipe 130 is penetrated into the ground, and the particle size adjustment aggregate injected into the ball-type casing pipe 130 The ball type by controlling the aggregate depth sensor 320 for measuring the amount and the pressure valve 340, the pressure reducing valve 350, the air pressure measuring sensor 380, the penetration depth sensor 330, and the aggregate depth sensor 320 It is configured to include a central processing unit 310 for constantly adjusting the air pressure inside the casing pipe (130).

The aggregate bunker 140 is installed on the work line A to receive the grain size adjustment aggregate from the aggregate storage line 400 , and the fixed bucket 150 is formed by the aggregate bunker 140 and the conveyor belt 152 . It is connected and the particle size adjustment aggregate supplied to the aggregate bunker 140 is supplied using the conveyor belt 152 .

The fixed bucket 150 moves the particle size adjustment aggregate by supplying it to the moving bucket 162, which will be described in detail later, when the amount of the particle size adjustment aggregate supplied from the aggregate bunker 140 is supplied by a preset amount. It is possible to calculate the amount of particle size-adjusted aggregate according to the number of times supplied to the bucket 162 .

To this end, the fixed bucket 150 is a load cell (not shown) that measures the weight in order to supply a preset amount of particle size adjustment aggregate to the moving bucket 162 and/or a level for measuring the stacking height of the supplied particle size adjustment aggregate It may be configured to include a master (not shown), and the load cell and/or level master measures the amount of particle size adjustment aggregate supplied from the aggregate bunker 140 through weight and/or height, and adjusts the particle size by a preset amount. When the amount of aggregate is supplied, it is supplied to the moving bucket 162 .

In addition, in the particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile device of the present invention, when a predetermined amount of particle size adjustment aggregate is supplied to the moving bucket 162 through the fixed bucket 150 as described above, the fixed bucket 150 moves. Through the number of times supplied to the bucket 162, the amount of grain size adjusted aggregate actually used to form the compaction pile can be checked, and the required amount of grain size adjusted aggregate predicted before implementation of the construction method is compared with the amount of grain size adjusted aggregate actually used. By making it possible to check the loss rate of the adjusted aggregate, it is possible to obtain the effect of improving the construction efficiency by quickly and smoothly predicting and supplying the amount of grain size adjustment aggregate required for the construction of adjacent compacted piles that are continuously constructed.

The leader 160 is installed so that a moving bucket 162 receiving a predetermined amount of particle size adjustment aggregate from the fixed bucket 150 is raised and lowered on one side, and the ball-type casing pipe 130 is the leader 160 It is installed on the front of the and a vibration hammer 110 is installed on the upper part, and a hopper 120 is provided on one side of the upper part of the outer periphery to penetrate and withdraw into the ground.

That is, after the ball-type casing pipe 130 is penetrated by the vibration hammer 110 in the offshore soft ground improvement method to be described in detail later, the particle size adjustment aggregate from the fixed bucket 150 to the moving bucket 162 When is supplied, the moving bucket 162 rises along the leader 160 to supply the particle size adjustment aggregate to the hopper 120 of the ball type casing pipe 130 to adjust the particle size into the inside of the ball type casing pipe 130 . After the aggregate is supplied, the ball-type casing pipe 130 is pulled out and the particle size-adjusted aggregate is discharged to the lower side, and as the ball-type casing pipe 130 penetrates again, the particle size-adjusted aggregate is compacted to form a compacted pile.

The ball-type casing pipe 130 has a cylindrical shape having a constant diameter in order to supply the particle size adjustment aggregate by pouring it into the soft ground of the seabed. 132, and the ball casing pipe 132 is coupled to the lower portion of the casing pipe 131 to extend in the vertical direction.

Looking at the ball-type casing pipe 130 in detail, the casing pipe 131 in which the vibration hammer 110 is installed on the upper part, the hopper 120 is provided on one side of the upper outer periphery, the lower part of the casing pipe 131 . The ball casing pipe 132, which is coupled to the lower portion and has an extension portion 132a having an expanded diameter, is formed in the longitudinal direction spaced apart from the inner surface of the extension portion 132a by a certain distance, and is formed in the lower portion in the inward direction A plurality of reinforcing wings 134 from which the lower protrusions 134a protrude, an annular sealing member 136 formed to be positioned on the upper portion of the reinforcing wings 134, the lower protrusions of the plurality of reinforcing wings 134 ( 134a) includes a ball support 138 formed on the upper portion and a ball 139 that is installed to be movable up and down between the sealing member 136 and the ball support 138 .

The ball casing pipe 132 has an upper portion having the same diameter as that of the casing pipe 131 and is coupled to the lower portion of the casing pipe 131 to extend, and an extension portion 132a having an expanded diameter at the lower portion is provided. is formed, and a plurality of reinforcing wings 134, sealing member 136, ball support 138, and ball 139 are installed inside the expansion part 132a so that the ball-type casing pipe 130 is underground. When the ball 139 penetrates, the inflow of dirt can be prevented, and when the ball-type casing pipe 130 is drawn out, the particle size adjustment aggregate is discharged by the expansion part 132a, the diameter of which is expanded. to make it run smoothly.

An arc-shaped contact portion (not shown) corresponding to the ball 139 is formed on the inner surface of the reinforcing wing 134 to prevent the ball 139 from moving upward through the reinforcing wing 134 . .

The reinforcing wing 134 for forming the close contact portion is configured to include an upper protrusion 134b protruding in the inner direction of the ball casing pipe 132 on the upper portion, and the inner surface of the upper protrusion 134b, that is, The contact portion is formed on the surface formed in the inner direction of the ball casing pipe 132 . Therefore, when the ball-type casing pipe 130 is penetrated into the ground, the ball 139 is in close contact with the contact portion of the reinforcing wing 134, so that the adhesion between the ball 139 and the reinforcing wing 134 is more A strengthening effect can be obtained. At this time, if the curvature of the contact part and the curvature of the ball 139 are made the same, the effect of closer contact may be obtained.

At this time, the reinforcing wing 134 is configured to include a lower protrusion 134a protruding in the lower portion in the inward direction so that the particle size adjustment aggregate can be discharged to the lower portion, and the ball support 138 is the lower protrusion 134a. ) is stably provided at the top.

A sealing member 136 is formed around the upper portion of the reinforcing wings 134 , and the sealing member 136 is formed in an annular shape so as to be positioned above the reinforcing wings 134 , and the reinforcement An annular close contact portion to which the ball 139 is in close contact is formed together with the inner surface of the wing 134 , so that when the ball-type casing pipe 130 penetrates, the ball 139 expands the ball casing pipe 132 . The inside of the (132a) is sealed, the effect of preventing the inflow of dirt is realized. At this time, the inner diameter of the sealing member 136 should be smaller than the outer diameter of the ball.

The sealing member 136 has a structure in which the cross-section is formed to protrude in the shape of ">" at the same position as the contact portion of the reinforcing wing 134 to maintain the sealed state when the ball 139 is in close contact, and The upper plate 136a inclined to protrude, the lower plate 136c inclined opposite to the upper plate 136a, and the support plate 136b are formed in the inner center of the upper plate 136a and the lower plate 136c to form a ball 139 ), the shape is stably maintained after it is adhered.

At this time, the ball 139 has a hollow spherical shape and is configured to float upward when buoyancy is applied by seawater or soil, and the ball support 138 is formed when the ball-type casing pipe 130 is drawn out. By supporting the lower portion of the ball 139, the ball 139 is prevented from being separated from the extension portion 132a of the ball casing pipe 132, as well as the particle size adjustment aggregate inside the ball-type casing pipe 130. It realizes the effect of smoothly discharging to the outside.

The operation of the ball-type casing pipe 130 of the present invention having the above configuration will be described as follows. First, when seawater and soil are introduced through the lower part of the ball casing pipe 132 in the process of penetrating the ball-type casing pipe 130 into the underground of the seabed soft ground, the buoyancy of the seawater and soil acts as the ball 140 This rises, and accordingly, the ball 139 is firmly in close contact with the contact portion between the sealing member 136 and the reinforcing blade 134 to prevent the inflow of seawater and soil into the ball casing pipe 132 . .

Conversely, when the ball-type casing pipe 130 is drawn out after the particle size-adjusting aggregate is put into the ball-type casing pipe 130, the ball by gravity of the particle-size adjustment aggregate and the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 (139) descends, and the ball 139 is seated on the ball support 138, and the particle size adjustment aggregate is quickly and through the space formed between the inner surface of the ball casing pipe 132 and the ball 139. As it is discharged smoothly, compacted piles are formed in the ground.

That is, the ball-type casing pipe 130 of the present invention can improve the construction quality of the compacted pile by more effectively preventing the inflow of seawater and soil through the configuration as described above together with the air pressure formed therein.

In addition, an upper air nozzle 132b and a lower air nozzle 132c may be provided on the upper portion of the ball casing pipe 132 . The upper air nozzle 132b is positioned above the lower air nozzle 132c, and the lower air nozzle 132c is positioned above the extended part 132a.

The upper air nozzle (132b) realizes the effect of allowing the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 to be stably and quickly formed at the same pressure throughout, and to smoothly discharge the particle size adjustment aggregate.

The lower air nozzle (132c) together with the upper air nozzle (132b) makes the discharge of the grain size adjusting aggregate more smoothly, so that the compaction pile by the grain size adjusting aggregate can be smoothly formed, and also of the grain size adjusting aggregate. It realizes the effect of smoothly drawing out the ball-type casing pipe 130 together with the discharge.

At least one of the upper air nozzle 132b and the lower air nozzle 132c may be provided. Preferably, each is provided as a pair, and when provided as a pair, the upper air nozzle 132b and the lower air nozzle 132b It is preferable that the nozzles 132c are disposed in a direction perpendicular to each other. When the upper air nozzle (132b) and the lower air nozzle (132c) spray air in an orthogonal direction, it exhibits the effect of allowing the discharge, mixing, compaction and engagement of the particle size adjustment aggregate to be made more smoothly.

At this time, the upper air nozzle (132b) and the lower air nozzle (132c) are formed so that the portion inside the ball casing pipe 132 is inclined downward so that the air is sprayed in the downwardly inclined direction. The same effect can be realized more efficiently.

In addition, the ball casing pipe 132 is formed to protrude upwardly on the outer periphery, and a guide protection part 132d formed to be positioned under the upper air nozzle 132b and the lower air nozzle 132c. The guide protection part 132d realizes the effect of preventing damage to the upper air nozzle 132b and the lower air nozzle 132c when the ball-type casing pipe 130 is penetrated or pulled out. do it

In particular, the particle size adjustment aggregate of the present invention has a good particle size distribution as described above, and has a particle size and a mixing ratio that can express a special effect in a compacted pile of an offshore soft ground. It plays a role of allowing the particle size-adjusted aggregate to be evenly mixed and discharged. After that, if a compaction pile is formed by a vibration hammer and repeated process, interlocking and compaction effects are good, so high shear strength is exhibited, and the voids between the aggregates are not cut. It can be formed uniformly without a capillary phenomenon, thereby exhibiting a special effect of smoothly performing vertical drainage due to capillary action.

In addition, the ball casing pipe 132 may be configured to include at least a pair of water nozzles 132e provided in a lower portion of the outer periphery of the extension portion 132a, and the ball-type casing is formed by the water nozzles 132e. When the pipe 132 is penetrated, the perforated water is injected so that the ball-type casing pipe 132 can penetrate more smoothly.

Meanwhile, the central processing unit 310 includes a recording device 370 for storing the measured values measured from the air pressure measurement sensor 380 , the penetration depth sensor 330 , and the aggregate depth sensor 320 , and an output device 360 and the ball-type casing pipe 130 may further include an input device 390 for setting a preset pressure, that is, a prescribed pressure.

The aggregate depth sensor 320 is a means for measuring the input amount (height) of the particle size adjustment aggregate input into the ball-type casing pipe 130 using the depth measuring weight 321. In the present invention, the depth The measuring weight 321 is improved to the depth measuring weight 321 having a cylindrical shape by improving the conventional depth measuring weight having an inverted triangular shape in consideration of the measurement error due to the impact and friction of the particle size adjusting aggregate, the particle size adjusting aggregate It improved the measurement efficiency and durability of accurate input amount.

In addition, the penetration depth sensor 330 is a means for measuring the length of the ball-type casing pipe 130 penetrated into the ground, and the pulley formed to be rotatable with the wire rope connected to the upper end of the ball-type casing pipe 130 . The penetration length is measured using a known encoder method that calculates the length through rotation.

The output device 360 may include a known printer and plotter for outputting the data output through the central processing unit 310 on paper, and a monitor for displaying the data to the operator on the screen.

In the present invention, the air pressure sensor 380 measures the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 in real time every predetermined time (about 2 minutes) and displays it to the operator through the output device 360, By comparing the air pressure inside the type casing pipe 130 with the prescribed pressure, it provides a basic measurement value that can always be kept constant.

The input device 390 may use a keyboard so that the operator can input and modify the prescribed pressure according to the soil condition and the working environment.

The pressure valve 340 operates the compressor 341 when the measured value measured by the air pressure sensor 380 is lower than the prescribed pressure to increase the air pressure inside the ball type casing pipe 130, and the pressure reducing valve ( 350) is opened when the measured value measured by the air pressure sensor 380 is greater than the prescribed pressure to lower the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 .

The detailed description of the method for improving the offshore soft ground using the ball-type casing and the automatic air conditioning device and the particle size adjustment aggregate of the present invention as described above is as follows.

Offshore soft ground improvement method of the present invention includes a surveying process (S100), a penetration process (S200), an input process (S300), a drawing process (S400) and a repeating process (S500).

First, the surveying process (S100) is to accurately determine the insertion position of the ball-type casing pipe 130 using the automatic positioning system 200, and the automatic positioning system 200 is GPS (Global Positioning) System) to check the construction position of the present invention, that is, the penetration position of the ball-type casing pipe 130, and in particular, the automatic positioning system 200 used in the present invention is the artificial satellite 210 and known precision surveying. By applying the real-time kinematic function for the purpose of continuous measurement of the position and direction of the marine working ship (A) for the improvement of the weak ground in the sea, the GPS observation data is transmitted through the wireless communication device 230 and the GPS antenna 210 of the sea. A method of continuous transmission toward the maritime working vessel A having the base station 241 is used.

At this time, the precise location is measured by transmitting and receiving GPS signals of the base station 240 on land and the GPS signal of the offshore work ship (A) for improving the soft ground, and the coordinates measured on the offshore work ship (A) for improving the soft ground is automatically entered into the program to automatically calculate the position of the offshore work ship (A) for the improvement of the soft ground.

If there is a difference in the construction position depending on the position of the offshore work ship (A) for improving the soft ground measured in this way, adjust the anchor wire formed on the offshore work ship (A) and move it to the correct construction location If it moves, the penetration process can be performed after fixing the anchor wire. At this time, when GPS malfunctions or reception is impossible, the construction location may be measured using a light wave, which is a manual distance measuring device.

In the present invention, the position error of the ball-type casing pipe 130 is ±10 cm, and the vertical error of the ball-type casing pipe is preferably within ±3°. At this time, in order to adjust the verticality of the ball-type casing pipe 130, the seawater is supplied or discharged to the water tanks (not shown) formed on both sides of the offshore work ship (A) for the improvement of the offshore soft ground. By adjusting the verticality of the ball-type casing pipe 130 can be adjusted.

The penetration process (S200) is the penetration depth of the ball-type casing pipe 130 and the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 to the penetration depth sensor 330, the aggregate depth sensor 320, the air pressure measuring sensor 380. is measured in real time, the measured data is compared with a preset prescribed pressure, and then the internal air pressure of the ball-type casing pipe 130 is adjusted by the automatic air conditioning device 300 to maintain the preset prescribed pressure. .

At this time, the control of the air pressure by the automatic air control device 300 is to open the pressure reducing valve 350 to lower the air pressure when the air pressure is higher than the preset prescribed pressure value, and the air pressure is lower than the preset prescribed pressure value. In this case, it is controlled by opening the pressure valve 340 and supplying the air pressurized by the compressor 341 into the ball-type casing pipe 130 .

The preset prescribed pressure was determined through numerous constructions and experiments by the inventor in consideration of the characteristics of various seabed ground for many years, and is the same as the "prescribed pressure according to the depth of penetration" in Table 1 below.

Depth of penetration (m) Surface to 20m 21-30m 31-40m 41-50m 51-60m 61-70m regulated pressure
(kg/cm2) 1.2~3.5 3-4 4-5 5~6.5 6.5~8 8-10

In the present invention, the prescribed pressure is input to the central processing unit 310 in advance in consideration of the soil quality, water pressure, and earth pressure of the seabed to be constructed, and the penetration depth sensor 330, the aggregate depth sensor 320, and the air pressure measurement sensor By comparing the measured value measured by 380 and opening and closing the pressure reducing valve 350 and the pressure valve 340 according to the comparison result, the internal air pressure of the ball type casing pipe 130 is adjusted to be a preset prescribed pressure. be able to At this time, it will be apparent that the water depth of the seabed and the soil quality, water pressure, earth pressure, etc. of the seabed should be investigated in advance prior to the construction of the present invention. That is, in the present invention, as confirmed in Table 1, the position of the tip of the ball-type casing pipe 130 maintains the minimum pressure among the prescribed pressures from the ground surface to 20 m from the water surface to the ground surface, and the ground surface to 20 m is 1.2 to 3.5 In kg/cm2 and 21 to 30m, the penetrating process of the ball-type casing pipe 130 is performed while gradually increasing the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 while maintaining the air pressure of 3-4 kg/cm2. Conversely, In the drawing process (S400) of drawing the ball-type casing pipe 130, the penetration depth of the ball-type casing pipe 130 is 21 to 30 m to maintain an air pressure of 3 to 4 kg/cm2, and the ground to 20 m is 1.2 to 3.5 The drawing process is performed while gradually lowering the air pressure of kg/cm2. In this case, the prescribed pressure may be adjusted within the above range according to the soil condition and working environment of the seabed to be constructed. That is, the preset pressure of the intrusion process (S200) and the drawing process (S400) is classified into sections of ground surface ~ 20m, 21m ~ 30m, 31m ~ 40m, 41m ~ 50m, 51m ~ 60m, 61m ~ 70m, but the depth is It is set to increase sequentially as the depth increases.

In addition, in the offshore soft ground improvement method of the present invention, in the drawing process (S400), by further subdividing the preset pressure within the section from the ground surface to 20 m, when the ball-type casing pipe 130 is completely drawn out from the ground, the It can prevent breakage and equipment damage.

The drawing process (S400) is divided into sections of the preset pressure as described above, but is set to decrease in the reverse order, in particular, for the section from the ground surface to 20 m, subdivided into sections of the ground surface ~ 3 m, 3 m ~ 6 m, 6 m ~ 20 m By classifying and decreasing in the reverse order, damage to the ground and equipment is prevented as described above.

In addition, when the ball-type casing pipe 130 is completely withdrawn from the ground, conventionally, the air pressure maintained therein is too high, so the ground around the upper end of the compacted pile and the upper end of the compacted pile are damaged. The construction of the compaction pile was not made smoothly, and in particular, there was a high risk of damage to equipment including the casing pipe due to the phenomenon that the casing pipe for construction was bouncing, and there were cases where it could lead to a safety accident. This problem was solved by presenting the subdivided air pressure as in Table 2.

Specifically, in the section from the ground surface to 20 m, the air pressure of the subdivided section of the drawing process (S400) is shown in Table 2.

Depth of penetration (m) Surface to 3m 3~6m 6-20m Regulated pressure (kg/㎠) 1.2~1.5 1.5~2.4 2.4~3.5

On the other hand, before the drawing process (S400), an input process (S300) of inputting the particle size adjustment aggregate into the ball-type casing pipe 130 is performed. The input process (S300) includes a first supply step (S310) of supplying the particle size adjustment aggregate stored in the aggregate storage line 400 to the aggregate bunker 140 of the particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile apparatus 100, and the aggregate bunker. A transport step (S320) of moving the particle size adjustment aggregate supplied to 140 to at least one fixed bucket 150 using the conveyor belt 152, and the particle size adjustment aggregate moved to the fixed bucket 150 The second supply step (S330) of supplying the moving bucket 162 provided in the leader 160 of the adjusted aggregate compaction pile apparatus 100 and the moving bucket 162 rises along the leader 160 to form a ball type It includes an input step (S340) of inputting the particle size adjustment aggregate into the hopper 120 provided on the upper portion of the casing pipe (130). That is, the input process (S300) is from the aggregate storage line 400 in which the particle size adjustment aggregate is stored through the hopper 120 of the ball-type casing pipe 130 until it is input into the inside of the ball-type casing pipe 130. The process of the required grain size adjustment is made as much as the amount of aggregate.

At this time, in the second supply step (S330), the number of times of supplying the particle size adjustment aggregate from the fixed bucket 150 to the moving bucket 162 is counted to adjust the particle size input into the ball-type casing pipe 130. By calculating the amount of aggregate, it is possible to check the amount of grain size adjusted aggregate for forming the compacted pile, and accordingly, the work can proceed while checking whether the amount of grain size adjusted aggregate calculated by the machine is input or not, so that the work can be done more efficiently.

In addition, when the above-described penetration process (S200) is repeatedly executed, the amount of particle size adjustment aggregate calculated in the second supply step (S330) is compared with the penetration length of the ball type casing pipe 130, and the loss rate of the particle size adjustment aggregate is compared. can be calculated, which compares the initially calculated required amount of grain size adjusted aggregate with the amount of grain size adjusted aggregate actually used and makes it a reference for the construction of other compacted piles that are subsequently constructed, thereby realizing the effect of making the work more smooth. do it

In addition, when the repeated penetration process (S200) is executed, the shape of the cross section is not constant depending on the strength of the ground, and it may have a convex shape in some sections. A larger amount of grain size adjustment aggregate than the initially calculated required amount of grain size adjustment aggregate can be used. By counting the number of times that the particle size adjustment aggregate is supplied from the fixed bucket 150 to the moving bucket 162 to confirm this, it is easy to grasp the amount of the particle size adjustment aggregate actually used. For this purpose, as described above, a load cell and/or a level master are installed in the fixed bucket 150 .

In the input step (S340), air may be injected to the particle size adjustment aggregate input by the upper air nozzle (132b) and/or the lower air nozzle (132c). Preferably, they can be sprayed simultaneously.

A pair of upper air nozzles and a pair of lower air nozzles are provided, and an upper air nozzle and a lower air nozzle are provided so that the air injection direction of the upper air nozzle is perpendicular to the air injection direction of the lower air nozzle, and each air is sprayed When this is done, the particle size adjustment aggregate, which is uniformly mixed in the particle size, is evenly mixed and discharged, and a compacted aggregate pile with better compaction and interlocking can be formed. be able to

After the penetration process (S200) to the extraction process (S400) is performed, the repeated process (S500) of forming a compacted pile up to the surface of the soft ground is performed while continuously repeating the processes of penetration, particle size adjustment aggregate input, and drawing.

Afterwards, in one embodiment, the depth measurement process (S400) of measuring the penetration length of the ball-type casing pipe 130 using the penetration depth sensor 330 and the ball-type casing pipe measured by the penetration depth sensor 330 According to the penetration length of 130, the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 is checked using the automatic air conditioning device 300, and an adjustment process (S500) of matching the preset pressure is performed.

During the penetration process (S200), the input process (S300), the drawing process (S400), and the repeating process (S500), the depth of the tip of the ball-type casing pipe 130 is measured by the penetration depth sensor 330 . The air pressure is measured by the air pressure sensor 380, and the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 is maintained at a preset pressure by the automatic air control device 300 according to the depth and air pressure to be measured. .

In addition, the process of measuring the particle size adjustment aggregate amount inside the ball type casing pipe 130 using the aggregate depth sensor 320 may be performed, and automatically according to the particle size adjustment aggregate amount inside the ball type casing pipe 130 measured in this way The air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 may be checked using the air conditioner 300 to match the preset pressure.

The process of measuring the depth of the ball-type casing pipe 130 by the penetration depth sensor 330 and the process of measuring the particle size adjustment aggregate amount inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 by the aggregate depth sensor 320 are performed simultaneously. Of course, the air pressure control process by the automatic air conditioning device 300 may also be performed together.

That is, while the penetration process (S200), the input process (S300), the drawing process (S400), and the repeating process (S500) are in progress, the air pressure inside the ball type casing pipe 130 using the air pressure measuring sensor 380 is measured, and the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 is always maintained at a preset value through the automatic air conditioning device 300 .

As a result, in the method of improving the offshore soft ground using the ball-type casing and automatic air conditioning device and the grain size adjustment aggregate of the present invention, the operator inputs the prescribed pressure set according to the soil condition and penetration length in advance, and penetrates into the soft ground under the sea. The penetration and withdrawal lengths of the ball type casing pipe 130 are measured through the penetration depth sensor 330 of the ball type casing pipe 130 that becomes the And by opening and closing the pressure valve 340, the air pressure of the set prescribed pressure can always be constantly maintained in the ball-type casing pipe 130, so that the air pressure control, which has been done manually in the prior art, can be made automatically.

In particular, by blocking the inflow of soil from the seabed by this action, mixing with the grain size adjusting aggregate such as crushed stone, which is more vulnerable to water than sand or gravel, is minimized, and the construction method of the grain size adjusted aggregate compacted pile with excellent construction quality becomes possible. At this time, the particle size adjustment aggregate referred to in the present invention is an aggregate having a particle size that satisfies the range of the particle size distribution curve described above, and crushed stone, gravel, concrete crushed stone, stone powder, sand, blast furnace slag, etc. may be included.

The particle size-adjusted aggregate used in the present invention is an aggregate whose particle size distribution curve exists in the space between the lower particle size curve and the upper particle size curve of the particle size distribution curve shown in FIG. In the present invention, by deriving the parameters with the particle size distribution curve in the vertical drainage method, the quality of the aggregate used in the offshore soft ground improvement method can be guaranteed, and also compacted piles capable of exhibiting a predetermined drainage effect by using these properties It is possible to pre-inspect the quality of the grain size-adjusted aggregate that can be used for

Before the input process (S300), a sieving test is performed on the aggregate to be used, and the particle size distribution curve obtained by the sieving test is located between the lower limit curve and the upper limit curve of the particle size distribution curve of FIG. It can be checked whether the aggregate is suitable for forming compacted piles.

That is, if a sieving test is performed on the aggregate to be used, and all of the particle size distribution curves obtained by the sieving test are not located inside the space between the lower particle size curve and the upper particle size curve of FIG. It should be used after adjustment, and when all of the particle size distribution curves are within the range between the particle size lower limit curve and the particle size upper limit curve shown in FIG. 17, the particle size adjustment aggregate is suitable for use.

In addition, the aggregate quality inspection process (S201) is not only a particle size distribution curve, but also a particle diameter (D ₁₀ ) corresponding to a passing weight percentage of 10%, a particle diameter corresponding to a passing weight percentage of 30% (D ₃₀ ) and a passing weight percentage of 60% It can also be carried out by checking whether the particle diameter (D ₆₀ ) corresponding to the above exists within the numerical range described above.

When the particle size adjustment aggregate is provided according to the numerical range derived from the present invention, a special effect of obtaining high-quality aggregate required for the improvement of the weak seashore is exhibited.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings, which is merely exemplary, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom.

Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

A: Offshore work vessel 400: Aggregate storage vessel
100: particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile device
110: vibration hammer 120: hopper
130: ball type casing pipe
131: casing pipe 132: ball casing pipe
132a: extended part 132b: upper air nozzle
132c: lower air nozzle 132d: guide protection part
132e: water nozzle 134: reinforcement wing
134a: lower protrusion 136: sealing member
138: ball support 139: ball
140: aggregate bunker 150: fixed bucket
160: leader 162: moving bucket
152: conveyor belt
200: automatic positioning system
210: satellite 220: GPS antenna
230: wireless communication device 240: ground base station
241: maritime base station 300: automatic air conditioning system
310: central processing unit
320: aggregate depth sensor 321: depth measuring weight
330: depth of penetration sensor 340: pressure valve
350: dimming valve 360: output device
370: recording device 380: air pressure measuring sensor
390: input device

Claims (14)

In the offshore soft ground improvement method of forming compacted piles inside the soft ground by using the particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile device 100 having a ball type casing and an automatic air conditioning device,
Surveying process (S100) for determining the penetration position of the ball-type casing pipe 130 using the automatic positioning system 200;
An intrusion process (S200) of lowering the ball-type casing pipe 130 while maintaining the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 at a preset pressure by operating the automatic air conditioning device 300;
An input process (S300) of inputting the particle size adjustment aggregate into the ball-type casing pipe 130;
a drawing process (S400) of continuously operating the automatic air conditioning device 300 to maintain the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 at a preset pressure, and raising the ball-type casing pipe 130 to a certain height;
A repeating process (S500) of repeatedly executing the intrusion process (S200) to the extraction process (S400) to form a particle size-adjusted aggregate compaction pile through the inputting of the particle-size-adjusted aggregate and compaction of the particle-size-adjusted aggregate;
During the penetration process (S200), the input process (S300), the drawing process (S400), and the repeating process (S500), the depth of the ball-type casing pipe 130 is measured by the penetration depth sensor 330, , according to the penetration depth of the tip of the ball-type casing pipe 130 measured by the penetration depth sensor 330, the ball-type casing pipe 130 by the air pressure measuring sensor 380 and the automatic air conditioning device 300 ) the internal air pressure is maintained at the preset pressure,
The preset air pressure maintained during the penetration process (S200), the input process (S300), the drawing process (S400) and the repeating process (S500) is based on the line unit value of the ball-type casing pipe 130, It is classified into sections from the ground surface to 20m, 21m to 30m, 31m to 40m, 41m to 50m, 51m to 60m, and 61m to 70m, and the depth of penetration increases sequentially as the depth of penetration increases.
The particle size adjustment aggregate includes at least one of crushed stone, gravel, crushed concrete, stone powder, sand, and blast furnace slag,
The particle size adjustment aggregate,
_{The particle diameter (D 10} ) corresponding to the passing weight percentage of 10% is 0.3 to 0.9 mm ;
_{The particle diameter (D 30} ) corresponding to the passing weight percentage of 30% is 1.7 ~ 4.0 mm;
_{Characterized in that the particle diameter (D 60} ) corresponding to the passing weight percentage of 60% is 5.0 to 8.0 mm
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. delete In the offshore soft ground improvement method of forming compacted piles inside the soft ground by using the particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile device 100 having a ball type casing and an automatic air conditioning device,
Surveying process (S100) for determining the penetration position of the ball-type casing pipe 130 using the automatic positioning system 200;
An intrusion process (S200) of lowering the ball-type casing pipe 130 while maintaining the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 at a preset pressure by operating the automatic air conditioning device 300;
An input process (S300) of inputting the particle size adjustment aggregate into the ball-type casing pipe 130;
a drawing process (S400) of continuously operating the automatic air conditioning device 300 to maintain the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 at a preset pressure, and raising the ball-type casing pipe 130 to a certain height;
A repeating process (S500) of repeatedly executing the intrusion process (S200) to the extraction process (S400) to form a particle size-adjusted aggregate compaction pile through the inputting of the particle-size-adjusted aggregate and compaction of the particle-size-adjusted aggregate;
During the penetration process (S200), the input process (S300), the drawing process (S400), and the repeating process (S500), the depth of the ball-type casing pipe 130 is measured by the penetration depth sensor 330, , according to the penetration depth of the tip of the ball-type casing pipe 130 measured by the penetration depth sensor 330, the ball-type casing pipe 130 by the air pressure measuring sensor 380 and the automatic air conditioning device 300 ) the internal air pressure is maintained at the preset pressure,
The preset air pressure maintained during the penetration process (S200), the input process (S300), the drawing process (S400) and the repeating process (S500) is based on the line unit value of the ball-type casing pipe 130, It is classified into sections from the ground surface to 20m, 21m to 30m, 31m to 40m, 41m to 50m, 51m to 60m, and 61m to 70m, and the depth of penetration increases sequentially as the depth of penetration increases.
The particle size adjustment aggregate includes at least one of crushed stone, gravel, crushed concrete, stone powder, sand, and blast furnace slag,
The particle size adjustment aggregate, characterized in that all of the particle size distribution curve is located within the range between the lower particle size lower limit curve and the upper grain size curve,
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate.

(Vertical axis: passing weight percentage (%), horizontal axis: particle size (unit: mm)) According to claim 1,
Before the input process (S300), a sieving test is performed on the aggregate to be used, D ₁₀ : 0.3 ~ 0.9 mm, D ₃₀ : 1.7 ~ 4.0 mm, D ₆₀ : Aggregate quality inspection to check whether it is 5.0 ~ 8.0 mm After the process (S201), characterized in that to determine the particle size adjustment aggregate to be input,
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 4. The method of claim 3,
Prior to the inputting process (S300), a sieving test is performed on the aggregate to be used, and an aggregate quality test to confirm that the particle size distribution curve obtained by the sieving test is located within the range between the lower limit curve of the particle size and the upper limit curve of the particle size After the process (S201 '), characterized in that to determine the particle size adjustment aggregate to be input,
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 6. The method of any one of claims 1 and 3 to 5,
The predetermined pressure of the ground to 20m of the drawing process (S400) is subdivided into sections of the ground surface to 3m, 3m to 6m, and 6m to 20m, and the air pressure is reduced as the depth decreases.
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 6. The method of any one of claims 1 and 3 to 5,
The input process (S300) is
a first supply step (S310) of supplying the particle size adjustment aggregate stored in the aggregate storage line 400 to the aggregate bunker 140 of the particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile apparatus 100;
a transport step (S320) of moving the particle size adjustment aggregate supplied to the aggregate bunker 140 to at least one fixed bucket 150 using a conveyor belt 152;
a second supply step (S330) of supplying the particle size adjustment aggregate moved to the fixed bucket 150 to the moving bucket 162 provided in the leader 160 of the particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile apparatus 100; and
The moving bucket 162 rises along the leader 160 and includes an input step (S340) of injecting the particle size adjustment aggregate into the hopper 120 provided on the top of the ball-type casing pipe 130
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 8. The method of claim 7,
In the second supply step (S330),
Counting the number of times that the particle size adjustment aggregate is supplied from the fixed bucket 150 to the moving bucket 162, the amount of the particle size adjustment aggregate injected into the ball-type casing pipe 130 is calculated.
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 8. The method of claim 7,
In the input step (S340),
By the upper air nozzle (132b) and / or the lower air nozzle (132c), characterized in that by spraying air to the input particle size adjustment aggregate
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 6. The method of any one of claims 1 and 3 to 5,
In the input process (S300), using the aggregate depth sensor 320 to measure the particle size adjustment aggregate amount inside the ball-type casing pipe 130,
By checking the air pressure inside the ball type casing pipe 130 using the automatic air conditioning device 300 according to the particle size adjustment aggregate amount inside the ball type casing pipe 130 measured by the aggregate depth sensor 320, characterized in that it is maintained at a set pressure
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 6. The method of any one of claims 1 and 3 to 5,
The particle size adjustment aggregate compaction pile device 100,
Aggregate bunker 140 receiving the particle size adjustment aggregate from the aggregate storage line (400);
at least one fixed bucket 150 for receiving the particle size adjustment aggregate supplied to the aggregate bunker 140 using a conveyor belt 152;
a leader 160 installed so that the moving bucket 162 receiving a predetermined amount of particle size adjustment aggregate from the fixed bucket 150 is raised and lowered;
It is installed on the front side of the leader 160, the vibration hammer 110 is installed on the upper part, the hopper 120 is provided on one side of the upper outer periphery, while the ball-type casing pipe 130 that penetrates and draws into the ground;
a pressure valve 340 formed on an upper side of the ball-type casing pipe 130 and connected to a compressor 341 to increase the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130;
a pressure reducing valve 350 formed on the other upper side of the ball-type casing pipe 130 to lower the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130;
an air pressure sensor 380 installed on the inner or outer periphery of the ball-type casing pipe 130 to measure the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130;
Penetration depth sensor 330 for measuring the depth of the ball-type casing pipe 130 penetrated into the ground;
Aggregate depth sensor 320 having a depth measuring weight 321 installed inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 to measure the input amount of the particle size adjustment aggregate put into the ball-type casing pipe 130; and
By controlling the pressure valve 340, the pressure reducing valve 350, the air pressure measuring sensor 380, the penetration depth sensor 330, and the aggregate depth sensor 320, the air pressure inside the ball-type casing pipe 130 is constant. characterized in that it comprises a central processing unit 310 to control
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 12. The method of claim 11,
The fixed bucket 150,
A load cell that measures the weight to supply a predetermined amount of particle size adjustment aggregate to the moving bucket 162 and/or the particle size adjustment aggregate supplied to supply a predetermined amount of particle size adjustment aggregate to the moving bucket 162 Including a level master that measures the stacking height
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 6. The method of any one of claims 1 and 3 to 5,
The ball type casing pipe 130,
a casing pipe 131 having a vibration hammer 110 installed on the upper portion and a hopper 120 provided on one side of the upper outer periphery;
a ball casing pipe 132 coupled to a lower portion of the casing pipe 131, and an extension portion 132a having an expanded diameter at the lower portion thereof;
A plurality of reinforcing wings 134 formed in the longitudinal direction spaced apart from the inner surface of the extension portion 132a by a predetermined distance, and from which the lower protrusion 134a protrudes in the inner direction;
An annular sealing member 136 formed to be positioned on the upper portion of the reinforcing wings 134;
a ball support 138 formed on the lower protrusion 134a of the plurality of reinforcing wings 134; and
Including a ball 139 installed to be movable up and down between the sealing member 136 and the ball support 138
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate. 14. The method of claim 13,
The ball casing pipe 132 is
At least one pair of water nozzles (132e) provided at the lower portion of the outer periphery of the extension (132a) is characterized in that it is configured.
A method of improving offshore soft ground using a ball-type casing, automatic air conditioning device, and particle size adjustment aggregate.

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