KR102286883B1 - Multi-layer sound-absorbing materials having excellent sound absorption performance - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-layer sound-absorbing material having excellent sound-absorbing performance, and more particularly, by laminating a low-density microfiber layer and a high elastic support fiber layer, it is possible to maintain sound absorption performance while minimizing the amount of microfibers used, as well as a high elastic modulus of the high elastic support fiber layer It relates to a multi-layer sound-absorbing material that can improve the thickness and shape retention of the sound-absorbing material.

Description

Multi-layer sound-absorbing materials having excellent sound absorption performance

The present invention relates to a multi-layer sound-absorbing material having excellent sound-absorbing performance, and more particularly, by laminating a low-density microfiber layer and a high elastic support fiber layer, it is possible to maintain sound absorption performance while minimizing the amount of microfibers used, as well as a high elastic modulus of the high elastic support fiber layer It relates to a multi-layer sound-absorbing material that can improve the thickness and shape retention of the sound-absorbing material.

Sound absorbing materials are commonly used in vehicles, studios, theaters, etc. In particular, in the case of automobiles, in order to block the noise generated in the engine room, it is installed on the dash panel separating the engine room and the vehicle room, or it is used to reduce the noise transmitted from the floor of the vehicle. It is installed on a floor panel to block it.

Such a sound absorbing material is to be absorbed in the sound absorbing material in the process of converting sound wave energy into thermal energy due to motion. The fiber layer used as a sound absorbing material converts sound energy into thermal energy by vibration attenuation caused by the viscous resistance of the air and the viscoelastic properties of the fibers constituting the fiber layer for sound waves incident therein, and finally noise is reduced. Accordingly, the performance of the fiber-based sound absorbing material is influenced by the thickness of the fibers constituting the fiber layer, the areal density or thickness of the fiber layer, and the like. When microfibers are used, more fibers can be added, so the porosity can be increased, so that the sound absorption performance can be improved. In addition, if the areal density and thickness of the fiber layer are increased, the porosity and sound wave dissipation path become longer, so that the sound absorption performance can be improved. Therefore, in the case of a sound-absorbing material for a vehicle, a high-weight and high-thickness sound-absorbing material is required, so the amount of microfibers is increased, and accordingly, a problem of increasing the price and weight occurs. The shape stability of the material was deteriorated, and as time passed, a problem occurred in that the thickness was easily reduced by an external force.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2007-0118731 (published on December 18, 2017) Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2001-0066081 (published on July 11, 2001)

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to not only maintain sound absorption performance while minimizing the amount of fine fibers used by laminating a low-density microfiber layer and a high elastic support fiber layer, but also a sound absorbing material due to the high elastic modulus of the high elastic support fiber layer An object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer sound absorbing material capable of improving thickness and shape retention.

To this end, the sound absorbing material of the multi-layer structure according to the present invention has an average fiber diameter of 0.3 to 10 μm, an air flow resistivity of 140,000 to 500,000 Ns/m ⁴ , and a compressed microfiber layer having an areal density of 100 to 400 g/m ^{2 ;} and a high elastic support fiber layer having an average diameter of 10 to 80 μm, an air flow resistivity of 1,000 to 3,000 Ns/m ⁴ , and an areal density of 80 to 400 g/m ^{2 .} 30 to 40 parts by weight of the compressed microfiber layer and 60 to 70 parts by weight of the high elastic support fibrous layer.

The thickness of the compressed microfiber layer may be 3 to 15 mm.

The thickness of the high elastic support fiber layer may be 5 to 25 mm.

The compressed microfiber layer may include polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers.

The high elastic support fiber layer may include an olefin-based fiber or an olefin-based fiber-based composite yarn.

The multi-layer sound absorbing material according to the present invention increases the air flow resistance and laminates a compressed microfiber layer with a low density and a high elastic support fiber layer with a low air flow resistance and a high fiber diameter, thereby increasing the sound absorption performance but lowering the amount of microfibers. Not only economic feasibility can be secured, but at the same time, there is an effect of improving the thickness and shape retention of the sound absorbing material due to the high elastic modulus of the high elastic support fiber layer.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-layer absorbing material according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a photograph of an actual multi-layer absorbing material manufactured according to the present invention.
3 is a graph of sound absorption performance of Examples and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
4 is a graph of sound absorption performance of Examples and Comparative Example 3 of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In the present invention, the accompanying drawings may be shown in exaggerated expression for the convenience of understanding the technology, as well as for differentiation and clarity from the prior art. In addition, the terms described below are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, and may vary according to the intention or custom of the user or operator, so definitions of these terms should be made based on the technical content throughout this specification. will be. On the other hand, the embodiments are merely exemplary matters of the components presented in the claims of the present invention, do not limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be interpreted based on the technical idea throughout the specification of the present invention. .

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multilayer absorbing material 10 according to the present invention, and includes a compressed microfiber layer 100 and a high elastic support fibrous layer 200 .

In general, when the air flow resistance is increased at the same thickness, the viscous frictional force increases and the sound absorption performance increases.

In addition, in order to increase the air flow resistivity without a cost increase factor, there is a method of reducing the pore size by increasing the compression ratio of the sound absorbing material, but the sound absorbing performance of the low frequency region may be deteriorated due to the thin thickness.

However, the multilayer sound absorbing material 10 according to the present invention maintains the overall thickness by stacking the high elastic support fiber layer 200 serving as a support layer capable of providing an air layer at the bottom of the compressed microfiber layer 100 while maintaining the overall thickness and at the same time increasing the air flow resistance. It is possible to increase the sound absorption performance most efficiently.

First, the high elastic support fiber layer 200 serves as a support layer to increase the thickness and maintain shape stability. The high elastic support fiber layer 200 may include high elasticity PET felt or olipine fiber-based composite yarn.

Since it is possible to have a certain distance from the substrate to be attached through the high elastic support fiber layer 200 , it is possible to secure a sound wave dissipation path, so that the sound absorption performance can be improved. The high elastic support fiber layer 200 has an average diameter of 10 to 80 μm, an air flow resistivity of 1,000 to 3,000 Ns/m ⁴ , and an areal density of 80 to 400 g/m ² It is preferable that the areal density is in the range of sound absorption. Performance is the best.

In addition, it is preferable that the high elastic support fiber layer 200 has a thickness of 5 to 25 mm, and when the thickness is within the range, it is not too thick, which is advantageous for attaching a substrate and may have excellent sound absorption performance.

The compressed microfiber layer 100 may be made in a form in which microfibers are bulk spun on the top of the high elastic support fiber layer 100 in order to further improve sound insulation performance. be able to maintain

The compressed microfiber layer 100 is a fiber having an average diameter of 0.3 to 10 μm, air flow resistivity of 140,000 to 500,000 Ns/m ⁴ , It is preferable to apply constant compression so that the areal density is 100 to 400 g/m ^{2 .}

The compressed microfiber layer 100 serves to increase the air flow resistivity and at the same time convert sound wave energy into heat or vibration energy. It is preferable that the average diameter of the fibers constituting the compressed microfiber layer 100 is 0.3 to 10 μm, because the sound absorption performance is increased by increasing the air resistivity to weight in the above range.

By applying constant compression to the compressed microfiber layer 100 so that the air flow resistivity is 140,000 to 500,000 Ns/m ⁴ , the areal density is 100 to 400 g/m ² , and the thickness is 0.3 to 10 μm, excellent sound absorption performance for the price can be obtained

The multi-layer sound-absorbing material 10 according to the present invention can control the performance for each frequency domain by a multi-layer structure, and in more detail, the thickness, areal density, fiber diameter, and compression located at the top of the high-elastic support fiber layer 200 as the support layer. It is possible to control the sound absorption performance for each frequency domain through the optimal tuning of the weight ratio between the high elastic support fiber layer 100 and the compressed microfiber layer 200 as well as variables between the microfiber thickness, areal density, and fiber diameter of the microfiber layer 100 .

In particular, based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the sound absorbing material 10, the compressed microfiber layer 100 in a ratio of 30 to 40 parts by weight and the high elastic support fiber layer 200 in a ratio of 60 to 70 parts by weight is the most economical compared to the sound absorbing performance.

[Example]

Hereinafter, the weight ratio of the compressed microfiber layer and the high elastic support fiber layer according to an embodiment of the present invention was 40:60% by weight, respectively, as shown in [Table 1] and [Table 2].

division Compression Rate Thickness
(mm) Resistivity
(Ns/m4) Porosity mass density
(Kg/m3) Viscous cd
(m) thermal cd
(m) A1 0 % 10 146760 0.95 15 0.0001217 0.0002434 A2 30% 7 209657 0.91 21.4 0.000101 0.000203 A3 50% 5 293520 0.9 30 0.000086 0.0001217 A4 70% 3 489201 0.83 50 0.000066 0.0001331

division Compression Rate Thickness
(mm) Resistivity
(Ns/m4) Porosity mass density
(Kg/m3) Viscous cd
(m) thermal cd
(m) B1 0 % 14 1000 0.96 25 0.0002533 0.0005066 B2 30% 9.8 1428 0.94 35.7 0.000211 0.000423 B3 50% 7 2000 0.92 50 0.000179 0.000358

3 is a sound absorbing material laminated by combining between the compressed microfiber layer and the high elastic support fiber layer prepared according to the present invention, and Comparative Example 1 (average fiber diameter of 0.3 μm ultra-fine yarn made of ultra-fine yarn with an areal density of 100 g/m ² 5T sound-absorbing pad) and It is a graph showing the sound absorption performance evaluated by the vertical incidence method using analysis S/W (NOVA) for ^{Comparative Example 2 (14T sound-absorbing pad having an areal density of 200 g/m 2} made of PET fibers with an average fiber diameter of 50 μm).

As can be seen in FIG. 3, it exhibits very high sound absorption performance compared to the existing PET fiber sound absorbing material and microfiber single-layer sound absorbing material, and by adjusting the weight ratio of the low-density layer and the high elastic support fiber layer, it is possible to control the performance by frequency.

In addition, FIG. 4 is a random incident using a small reverberation room with respect to the A3 + B3 example and Comparative Example 3 (the average diameter of 0.3 μm ultra-fine yarn, which is an areal density of 230 g/m ^{2 ), which is a commercially available sound absorbing material among the examples according to the present invention.} It is a graph comparing the sound absorption performance tested and evaluated by the law.

As can be seen in Fig. 4, it can be seen that the sound absorption performance of the similar weight of the present development, which can be manufactured more economically than the conventional sound absorption material made of microfiber fibers, is excellent over the entire frequency range.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings, but this is merely exemplary, and various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible based on common knowledge in the field to which the subject technology belongs. should understand Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention depends on the claims to be described below, and should be determined based on the specific content of the above-described invention.

10: multi-layer sound absorbing material
100: compressed microfiber layer
200: high elastic support fiber layer

Claims (5)

A compressed microfiber layer having an average fiber diameter of 0.3 to 10 μm, an air flow resistivity of 140,000 to 500,000 Ns/m ⁴ , an areal density of 100 to 400 g/m ² , and a thickness of 0.3 to 10 μm compressed; and
A high elastic support fiber layer having an average fiber diameter of 10 to 80 μm, an air flow resistivity of 1,000 to 3,000 Ns/m ⁴ , an areal density of 80 to 400 g/m ² , and a thickness of 5 to 25 mm;
In 100% by weight of the total sound absorbing material, the multilayer sound absorbing material, characterized in that 30 to 40% by weight of the compressed microfiber layer and 60 to 70% by weight of the high elastic support fiber layer. delete delete According to claim 1,
The compressed microfiber layer is a multilayer sound absorbing material, characterized in that it comprises polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers. According to claim 1,
The high elastic support layer is a multi-layer sound-absorbing material, characterized in that it comprises a PET felt or olipine fiber-based composite yarn.

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